Skip to content

Economy of Norway vs Paraguay compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Norway has a GDP of $484B compared to $44.5B for Paraguay, ranking 32/197 and 98/197 by economy size, respectively.

Norway has $207B in government debt (42.7% of GDP), compared to $19.9B (44.8% of GDP) in Paraguay.

Norway vs Paraguay GDP by year

Norway
Paraguay
1x
Year GDP, current $
Norway Paraguay
2024 $483,592,648,313 $44,458,118,397
2023 $482,949,731,777 $43,118,053,175
2022 $596,297,651,036 $41,952,910,858
2021 $503,367,986,030 $39,950,899,939
2020 $367,633,418,887 $35,432,178,068
2019 $408,742,840,909 $37,925,338,329
2018 $439,788,625,884 $40,225,448,341
2017 $401,745,275,035 $38,997,129,474
2016 $370,956,547,619 $36,089,700,223
2015 $388,159,512,246 $36,211,447,840
2014 $501,736,471,833 $40,377,929,296
2013 $526,014,468,085 $38,501,122,141
2012 $512,777,309,841 $33,271,921,136
2011 $501,360,549,669 $33,756,238,766
2010 $431,052,143,940 $27,260,886,405
2009 $387,976,400,617 $22,355,151,162
2008 $464,917,553,191 $24,615,267,664
2007 $402,643,260,488 $17,856,393,235
2006 $346,915,160,682 $13,429,430,050
2005 $309,978,579,744 $10,737,500,188
2004 $265,268,662,473 $9,624,440,836
2003 $229,385,469,337 $7,691,367,471
2002 $195,914,852,576 $7,196,260,657
2001 $174,239,354,071 $8,495,806,432
2000 $171,457,201,936 $8,855,705,140
1999 $162,383,706,021 $8,837,070,236
1998 $154,230,295,158 $9,260,481,572
1997 $161,356,631,888 $9,965,225,678
1996 $163,520,109,151 $9,788,391,781
1995 $152,029,612,325 $9,062,131,475
1994 $127,131,319,429 $7,870,982,005
1993 $120,579,213,713 $7,249,533,620
1992 $130,838,040,068 $7,157,424,031
1991 $121,872,464,483 $6,984,367,763
1990 $119,791,843,060 $5,812,114,523
1989 $102,633,934,391 $4,757,732,200
1988 $101,900,260,856 $4,255,683,528
1987 $94,229,907,236 $3,971,044,724
1986 $78,693,118,044 $3,723,993,943
1985 $65,416,879,914 $3,282,449,236
1984 $62,057,955,033 $4,502,462,807
1983 $61,627,240,831 $5,673,248,726
1982 $62,647,195,538 $5,419,411,765
1981 $63,596,654,761 $5,624,515,873
1980 $64,439,382,896 $4,448,087,302
1979 $53,132,244,624 $3,416,777,778
1978 $46,522,900,254 $2,559,857,143
1977 $41,508,030,431 $2,092,158,730
1976 $35,942,270,686 $1,698,960,317
1975 $32,877,805,200 $1,511,420,635
1974 $27,145,693,810 $1,333,475,397
1973 $22,534,253,703 $995,531,746
1972 $17,358,610,850 $769,039,683
1971 $14,583,114,840 $664,571,429
1970 $12,814,123,115 $594,611,111
1969 $11,136,187,440 $556,293,651
1968 $10,227,087,165 $517,650,794
1967 $9,577,383,653 $492,674,603
1966 $8,753,940,267 $465,888,889
1965 $8,111,945,661 $443,587,302
1964 $7,206,522,122 $408,349,206
1963 $6,553,269,536 $383,904,762
1962 $6,107,076,929 $360,698,413
1961 $5,669,689,210 $322,053,713
1960 $5,197,398,721 $288,884,368

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

GDP per capita in Norway vs Paraguay by year

Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Paraguay
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Norway Paraguay
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $86,785 $102,038 $6,416 $18,524
2023 $87,497 $103,638 $6,300 $17,564
2022 $109,270 $125,490 $6,206 $16,347
2021 $93,073 $88,984 $5,977 $15,406
2020 $68,340 $67,111 $5,365 $14,309
2019 $76,431 $70,940 $5,821 $14,150
2018 $82,793 $70,254 $6,258 $14,139
2017 $76,132 $64,590 $6,152 $13,977
2016 $70,867 $59,280 $5,775 $13,329
2015 $74,810 $60,738 $5,879 $12,679
2014 $97,667 $66,332 $6,652 $12,607
2013 $103,554 $67,378 $6,436 $12,137
2012 $102,176 $65,774 $5,642 $10,954
2011 $101,222 $62,460 $5,805 $11,442
2010 $88,163 $58,213 $4,751 $10,893
2009 $80,348 $55,648 $3,942 $9,802
2008 $97,504 $62,073 $4,385 $9,867
2007 $85,502 $56,179 $3,212 $9,179
2006 $74,434 $54,358 $2,439 $8,561
2005 $67,047 $47,967 $1,971 $8,007
2004 $57,769 $42,667 $1,786 $7,686
2003 $50,250 $38,680 $1,444 $7,276
2002 $43,171 $38,056 $1,368 $6,924
2001 $38,602 $37,829 $1,638 $6,916
2000 $38,178 $36,994 $1,736 $6,937
1999 $36,393 $30,574 $1,766 $7,080
1998 $34,803 $28,200 $1,890 $7,227
1997 $36,629 $28,610 $2,079 $7,299
1996 $37,322 $26,826 $2,088 $7,040
1995 $34,876 $24,360 $1,979 $6,966
1994 $29,316 $23,027 $1,760 $6,542
1993 $27,964 $21,584 $1,662 $6,234
1992 $30,524 $20,623 $1,683 $5,952
1991 $28,597 $19,580 $1,685 $5,873
1990 $28,243 $18,461 $1,440 $5,637
1989 $24,281 - $1,211 -
1988 $24,207 - $1,114 -
1987 $22,506 - $1,069 -
1986 $18,883 - $1,031 -
1985 $15,754 - $935 -
1984 $14,989 - $1,319 -
1983 $14,928 - $1,710 -
1982 $15,225 - $1,680 -
1981 $15,513 - $1,793 -
1980 $15,772 - $1,457 -
1979 $13,047 - $1,149 -
1978 $11,463 - $883 -
1977 $10,266 - $740 -
1976 $8,927 - $616 -
1975 $8,204 - $562 -
1974 $6,812 - $508 -
1973 $5,690 - $389 -
1972 $4,414 - $308 -
1971 $3,736 - $272.1 -
1970 $3,306 - $249 -
1969 $2,894 - $238.2 -
1968 $2,680 - $226.8 -
1967 $2,531 - $220.9 -
1966 $2,333 - $213.9 -
1965 $2,179 - $208.7 -
1964 $1,951 - $197 -
1963 $1,787 - $189.9 -
1962 $1,678 - $182.8 -
1961 $1,571 - $167.1 -
1960 $1,451 - $153.4 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

Norway's GDP per capita is $86,785, ranking 8/197, compared to $6,416 in Paraguay, ranking 109/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Norway ranks 7th at $102,038, while Paraguay ranks 102nd at $18,524.

Economic indicators

Norway Paraguay
Gross domestic product
$484B
2024
$44.5B
2024
GDP rank
32/197
2024
98/197
2024
GDP growth
2.1%
2023-2024
4.25%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$86,785
2024
$6,416
2024
GDP per capita rank
8/197
2024
109/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$102,038
2024
$18,524
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
7/197
2024
102/197
2024
Government debt
$207B
2024
$19.9B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
42.7%
2024
44.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$37,074
2024
$2,872
2024
Government debt per person rank
17/185
2024
103/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$49,765
2026
$6,136
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$296B
2019
$313M
1999
Number of millionaires
348,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
17
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
21.6%
2023
35%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
3.6%
2023
2%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
48.5%
2024
21%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.15%
2023-2024
3.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
4%
2025
6%
2024
Unemployment rate
3.98%
2024
5.69%
2024
Population
5671119
7120169

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Norway
Spending

Debt
Paraguay
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Norway Paraguay
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 48.5% 42.7% 21% 44.8%
2023 45.9% 44.1% 21.5% 41.1%
2022 37.5% 36.1% 20.2% 40.5%
2021 46.3% 41.6% 20.4% 37.5%
2020 56.7% 46% 22.6% 36.9%
2019 50.2% 40.5% 20.1% 25.8%
2018 47.7% 39.3% 18.5% 22.3%
2017 49.2% 38.2% 18.1% 19.8%
2016 50.4% 37.9% 17.7% 19.4%
2015 48.2% 34.3% 18% 18.6%
2014 45.2% 29.6% 17.1% 15.6%
2013 43.5% 31.4% 17.1% 13.5%
2012 42.4% 30.9% 17.6% 12.3%
2011 43.3% 29.6% 14.7% 11.1%
2010 44.5% 43% 13.3% 13%
2009 45.6% 42.5% 14.3% 14.9%
2008 39.8% 47.5% 11.8% 16%
2007 41% 49.5% 13.1% 16.8%
2006 40.5% 52.6% 14.1% 21%
2005 41.8% 42.3% 14% 28.3%
2004 44.7% 43.8% 14% 36%
2003 47.6% 43.1% 14.6% 37.5%
2002 46.1% 33.9% 17.6% 50.5%
2001 43.2% 27.2% 19% 37.1%
2000 41.3% 28.7% 19.6% 33.6%
1999 46.4% 25% 19.2% 32%
1998 47.8% 23.6% 18% 22.1%
1997 45.5% 25.8% 18.1% 18%
1996 47% 28.4% 16.9% 16.8%
1995 49.3% 32.7% 15.7% 17.6%
1994 49.4% 50.6% 14.5% 18.7%
1993 50.2% 53.7% 12.9% 26.6%
1992 51.3% 45% 13% 34.4%
1991 50% 39.2% 11.4% 49.4%
1990 48.9% 28.9% 10.5% 67%
1989 52.2% 30.4% 11.8% 52.9%
1988 52.6% 30.5% 9.75% 58.9%
1987 50.5% 31.3% 10.1% 68.7%
1986 48.1% 37.8% 9.25% 57.1%
1985 44% 30.2% 11.4% 54.7%
1984 44.5% 27.8% 13% 31%
1983 46.4% 27.4% 13% 22.6%
1982 46.6% 29.7% 13.2% 21.3%
1981 46.1% 32.9% 13.3% 17.4%
1980 46.1% 36.8% 11.6% 17.4%
1979 47.2% 39.6% 11.7% 19.7%
1978 47.9% 49.9% 11.9% 20.9%
1977 46.5% 43.8% 11.2% 18.8%
1976 45.2% 38.5% 9.8% 14.1%
1975 43.5% 36.7% 10.5% 12.6%
1974 42.2% 35.4% 9.44% 12.5%
1973 42.3% 37.7% 11.2% 15.4%
1972 42.2% 38.9% 12.5% 18.2%
1971 40.7% 38.5% 12.3% 18.9%
1970 38.9% 38.6% 13.3% 19.2%
1969 38% 22.3% 14% -
1968 36.2% 22.5% 13.5% -
1967 34.9% 22.6% 12.2% -
1966 33.5% 22.4% - -
1965 32.9% 23% - -
1964 32% 24.2% - -
1963 31.9% 25.3% - -
1962 30.6% 26.7% - -
1961 20.4% 27.7% - -
1960 18% 29.8% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

In 2024, Norway's government spending was $234B, accounting for 48.5% of its GDP, while Paraguay spent $9.33B, or 21% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 42.7% in Norway and 44.8% in Paraguay, ranking 127/185 and 120/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Norway

Paraguay
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Norway Paraguay
2024 13.2% -2.12%
2023 16.6% -3.81%
2022 25.5% -2.64%
2021 10.3% -3.39%
2020 -2.56% -5.72%
2019 6.52% -2.44%
2018 7.81% -1.01%
2017 4.96% -0.44%
2016 4.04% -0.37%
2015 5.99% -0.44%
2014 8.57% -0.27%
2013 10.6% -1.16%
2012 13.7% -0.58%
2011 13.3% 1.29%
2010 10.9% 1.54%
2009 10.2% 0.59%
2008 18.5% 2.29%
2007 17% 1.27%
2006 17.9% 0.91%
2005 14.7% 0.74%
2004 10.8% 1.33%
2003 7.2% -0.07%
2002 9.03% -1.89%
2001 13.2% 0.07%
2000 15% -0.55%
1999 5.71% 2.67%
1998 3.07% 4.28%
1997 7.35% 3%
1996 6.01% 2.43%
1995 2.96% 2.78%
1994 0.04% 4.59%
1993 -1.64% 4.27%
1992 -2.07% 3.1%
1991 -0.12% 3.41%
1990 1.95% 7.56%
1989 1.81% 5.48%
1988 2.65% 3.01%
1987 4.56% 2.68%
1986 5.87% 3.08%
1985 9.84% 0.85%
1984 6.97% -0.42%
1983 6.03% 0.27%
1982 3.96% 1.52%
1981 4.82% 0.15%
1980 5.38% 3.4%
1979 2.16% 4.13%
1978 0.94% -3.42%
1977 1.01% -0.19%
1976 2.2% -0.06%
1975 2.88% -1.24%
1974 4.06% 1.67%
1973 4.99% -0.91%
1972 3.93% -2.51%
1971 3.71% -1.25%
1970 2.83% -1.26%
1969 3.57% -1.62%
1968 3.38% -2.34%
1967 4.19% -1.7%
1966 3.59% -
1965 2.78% -
1964 3.08% -
1963 2.6% -
1962 4% -
1961 -0.7% -
1960 1.42% -
1959 1.89% -
1958 1.7% -
1957 1.55% -
1956 1.22% -
1955 0.82% -
1954 -0.54% -
1953 1.3% -
1952 2.15% -
1951 1.59% -
1950 -0.89% -
1949 -0.72% -
1948 -0.35% -
1947 -4.66% -
1946 -3.82% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 -0.54% -
1938 0.03% -
1937 -0.16% -
1936 -0.7% -
1935 -1.1% -
1934 -0.59% -
1933 -1.29% -
1932 -1.14% -
1931 -1.15% -
1930 -0.46% -
1929 -0.83% -
1928 -0.81% -
1927 -0.76% -
1926 -1.59% -
1925 -1.92% -
1924 -2.96% -
1923 -3.58% -
1922 -4.28% -
1921 -5.47% -
1920 -1.15% -
1919 -2.11% -
1918 -1.17% -
1917 0.2% -
1916 -0.36% -
1915 -2.04% -
1914 -1.09% -
1913 -0.9% -
1912 -0.89% -
1911 -0.05% -
1910 0.3% -
1909 -0.52% -
1908 -0.06% -
1907 0.16% -
1906 -0.59% -
1905 -0.52% -
1904 -0.75% -
1903 -1.12% -
1902 -1.52% -
1901 -1.41% -
1900 -1.99% -
1899 -1.35% -
1898 -1.39% -
1897 -0.63% -
1896 -1.57% -
1895 -1.66% -
1894 -1.13% -
1893 -1.25% -
1892 -0.94% -
1891 -0.44% -
1890 -0.2% -
1889 -0.07% -
1888 -0.23% -
1887 -0.17% -
1886 -0.2% -
1885 -0.005% -
1884 -0.08% -
1883 -0.17% -
1882 -0.62% -
1881 -1.13% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

In 2024, Norway's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $64.1B, equivalent to 13.2% of GDP. This compares to Paraguay's deficit of $942M, or 2.12% of GDP.

Over the past 58 years, Norway recorded a fiscal deficit in 4 of those years, while Paraguay ran a deficit in 28 years. On average, Norway posted an annual surplus equal to 6.86% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.53% of GDP for Paraguay.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Norway

Paraguay
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Norway Paraguay
2024 3.15% 3.84%
2023 5.52% 4.63%
2022 5.76% 9.77%
2021 3.48% 4.79%
2020 1.29% 1.77%
2019 2.17% 2.76%
2018 2.76% 3.98%
2017 1.88% 3.6%
2016 3.55% 4.09%
2015 2.17% 3.13%
2014 2.04% 5.03%
2013 2.12% 2.68%
2012 0.7% 3.68%
2011 1.28% 8.25%
2010 2.42% 4.65%
2009 2.2% 2.59%
2008 3.75% 10.2%
2007 0.71% 8.13%
2006 2.33% 9.59%
2005 1.53% 6.81%
2004 0.45% 4.32%
2003 2.49% 14.2%
2002 1.29% 10.5%
2001 3% 7.27%
2000 3.09% 8.98%
1999 2.37% 6.75%
1998 2.25% 11.6%
1997 2.57% 6.95%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Norway has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.44%, compared with 6.23% in Paraguay. In 2024, inflation was 3.15% in Norway and 3.84% in Paraguay.

Top exports between countries

Norway
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $708K
Miscellaneous $281K
Raw materials & minerals $208K
Machinery & equipment $118K
Textiles & consumer goods $82K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $29K
Raw agricultural goods $12K
Wood & paper products $1K
Paraguay
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $730K
Metals $256K
Wood & paper products $215K
Raw agricultural goods $178K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $19K
Machinery & equipment $13K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K

Balance of trade

Norway Paraguay
Current account balance
$71.6B
2024
-$1.53B
2024
Current account balance ranking
11/190
2024
133/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+14.8%
2024
-3.44%
2024
Goods imports
$97.5B
2024
$15.8B
2024
Goods exports
$162B
2024
$14.9B
2024
Service imports
$63.6B
2024
$2.54B
2024
Service exports
$55.6B
2024
$2.65B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.9%
2024
39.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
47.5%
2024
37.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Norway Paraguay
Economic freedom 78.8 66.4
Economic freedom ranking 9/197 61/197
Property rights 99.6 44.2
Government integrity 94.3 27.3
Judicial effectiveness 96.4 38.4
Tax burden 63.3 95.9
Government spending 42 86.9
Fiscal health 96.4 83
Business freedom 91.2 72
Labor freedom 69.3 44.1
Monetary freedom 72.4 76.5
Trade freedom 85.6 78.4
Investment freedom 75 80
Financial freedom 60 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Norway
Paraguay
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Norway Paraguay
2026 78.8 66.4
2025 78.3 65.2
2024 77.5 60.1
2023 76.9 61
2022 76.9 62.9
2021 73.4 62.6
2020 73.4 63
2019 73 61.8
2018 74.3 62.1
2017 74 62.4
2016 70.8 61.5
2015 71.8 61.1
2014 70.9 62
2013 70.5 61.1
2012 68.8 61.8
2011 70.3 62.3
2010 69.4 61.3
2009 70.2 61
2008 68.6 60
2007 67.9 58.3
2006 67.9 55.6
2005 64.5 53.4
2004 66.2 56.7
2003 67.2 58.2
2002 67.4 59.6
2001 67.1 60.3
2000 70.1 64
1999 68.6 63.7
1998 68 65.2
1997 65.1 67.3
1996 65.4 67.1
1995 - 65.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Norway is 78.8, ranking 9/197, compared to 66.4 for Paraguay, ranking 61/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Norway Paraguay
Services, % of GDP
51.8%
2024
48.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
37%
2024
32.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2.08%
2024
10.7%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$547B
2024
$43.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$106,830
2024
$17,930
2024
Total reserves including gold
$81.2B
2024
$9.89B
2023
Total reserves ranking
32/177
2024
76/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$7.83B
2024
-$335M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$12B
2024
$1.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.95B
2024
$166M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
4.58%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.2%
2021
20.1%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.1%
2024
22.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/norway/paraguay | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.