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Economy of Ivory Coast vs Norway compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Ivory Coast has a GDP of $99.8B compared to $531B for Norway, ranking 77/197 and 32/197 by economy size, respectively.

Ivory Coast has $56.2B in government debt (56.3% of GDP), compared to $239B (45% of GDP) in Norway.

Ivory Coast vs Norway GDP by year

Ivory Coast
Norway
1x
Year GDP, current $
Ivory Coast Norway
2025 $99,773,555,666 $530,755,719,439
2024 $87,113,179,149 $500,886,328,034
2023 $80,780,312,569 $502,197,633,323
2022 $70,922,824,814 $617,321,834,099
2021 $72,794,636,654 $521,592,200,233
2020 $63,027,852,805 $382,252,517,922
2019 $60,382,894,697 $424,244,886,364
2018 $58,522,477,787 $454,588,871,811
2017 $52,512,343,997 $415,673,181,543
2016 $48,407,761,037 $383,284,047,619
2015 $45,815,005,169 $400,669,174,331
2014 $48,843,005,614 $515,829,568,897
2013 $42,760,235,485 $540,132,255,319
2012 $36,302,302,877 $525,082,939,407
2011 $36,693,710,801 $512,868,581,628
2010 $34,936,307,980 $440,132,138,425
2009 $33,886,813,250 $395,664,488,017
2008 $34,078,240,293 $472,060,283,688
2007 $28,760,090,953 $407,813,774,161
2006 $25,281,413,263 $349,773,283,645
2005 $24,036,918,703 $311,417,306,946
2004 $23,510,575,681 $265,662,977,688
2003 $21,251,754,340 $229,192,678,173
2002 $18,054,383,321 $195,359,978,957
2001 $16,810,537,044 $173,590,978,347
2000 $16,577,533,892 $170,620,327,660
1999 $18,870,992,456 $161,304,620,987
1998 $19,619,654,756 $152,955,958,172
1997 $18,047,558,038 $160,013,571,974
1996 $18,071,152,831 $162,427,517,132
1995 $11,000,146,267 $151,083,627,983
1994 $8,313,557,510 $126,324,387,894
1993 $11,045,760,288 $119,841,699,440
1992 $11,152,971,274 $129,998,873,602
1991 $10,492,628,581 $121,149,331,318
1990 $10,795,850,583 $119,344,377,526
1989 $9,757,410,645 $102,226,808,603
1988 $10,255,169,806 $101,497,621,605
1987 $10,087,654,465 $93,913,320,965
1986 $9,158,302,100 $78,438,205,742
1985 $6,977,650,644 $65,211,464,198
1984 $6,841,639,247 $61,866,078,539
1983 $6,838,184,773 $61,417,685,434
1982 $7,567,110,849 $62,453,362,256
1981 $8,432,589,942 $63,392,804,251
1980 $10,175,617,609 $64,176,789,764
1979 $9,142,933,967 $52,935,763,512
1978 $7,900,526,298 $46,355,988,784
1977 $6,265,068,189 $41,362,637,363
1976 $4,662,053,825 $35,815,449,464
1975 $3,893,839,190 $32,742,543,381
1974 $3,070,152,309 $27,033,413,362
1973 $2,508,421,426 $22,433,660,550
1972 $1,849,400,402 $17,283,931,878
1971 $1,584,128,509 $14,523,306,736
1970 $1,455,482,795 $12,753,503,479
1969 $1,361,360,293 $11,083,505,596
1968 $1,281,281,277 $10,178,705,992
1967 $1,082,922,725 $9,532,076,026
1966 $1,024,102,880 $8,712,528,095
1965 $919,771,229 $8,073,570,566
1964 $921,063,327 $7,172,430,304
1963 $761,047,198 $6,522,268,053
1962 $645,284,474 $6,078,186,245
1961 $618,245,634 $5,642,867,672
1960 $546,203,559 $5,172,811,442

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

GDP per capita in Ivory Coast vs Norway by year

Ivory Coast
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Norway
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Ivory Coast Norway
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $3,050 - $94,594 -
2024 $2,728 $7,669 $89,889 $102,038
2023 $2,592 $7,237 $90,984 $103,638
2022 $2,333 $6,719 $113,122 $125,490
2021 $2,456 $6,045 $96,443 $88,984
2020 $2,180 $5,544 $71,058 $67,111
2019 $2,142 $5,516 $79,329 $70,940
2018 $2,131 $4,946 $85,579 $70,254
2017 $1,964 $4,690 $78,771 $64,590
2016 $1,863 $4,531 $73,222 $59,280
2015 $1,815 $4,404 $77,221 $60,738
2014 $1,991 $4,074 $100,410 $66,332
2013 $1,786 $3,619 $106,333 $67,378
2012 $1,547 $3,291 $104,628 $65,774
2011 $1,597 $3,176 $103,545 $62,460
2010 $1,554 $3,361 $90,020 $58,213
2009 $1,540 $3,177 $81,940 $55,648
2008 $1,584 $3,116 $99,002 $62,073
2007 $1,368 $2,985 $86,600 $56,179
2006 $1,230 $2,942 $75,048 $54,358
2005 $1,198 $2,842 $67,358 $47,967
2004 $1,200 $2,794 $57,855 $42,667
2003 $1,111 $2,702 $50,208 $38,680
2002 $968 $2,851 $43,048 $38,056
2001 $925 $2,962 $38,458 $37,829
2000 $937 $3,041 $37,992 $36,994
1999 $1,096 $3,065 $36,151 $30,574
1998 $1,177 $3,086 $34,516 $28,200
1997 $1,125 $3,040 $36,324 $28,610
1996 $1,170 $2,832 $37,073 $26,826
1995 $740 $2,683 $34,659 $24,360
1994 $582 $2,551 $29,130 $23,027
1993 $804 $2,577 $27,793 $21,584
1992 $845 $2,625 $30,328 $20,623
1991 $827 $2,677 $28,427 $19,580
1990 $886 $2,693 $28,137 $18,461
1989 $833 - $24,185 -
1988 $910 - $24,112 -
1987 $930 - $22,430 -
1986 $877 - $18,822 -
1985 $695 - $15,704 -
1984 $709 - $14,943 -
1983 $737 - $14,877 -
1982 $849 - $15,178 -
1981 $986 - $15,463 -
1980 $1,238 - $15,708 -
1979 $1,157 - $12,998 -
1978 $1,039 - $11,421 -
1977 $856 - $10,230 -
1976 $661 - $8,896 -
1975 $575 - $8,171 -
1974 $474 - $6,783 -
1973 $406 - $5,664 -
1972 $313 - $4,395 -
1971 $280.3 - $3,721 -
1970 $269 - $3,291 -
1969 $262.2 - $2,881 -
1968 $256.8 - $2,667 -
1967 $225.6 - $2,519 -
1966 $221.8 - $2,321 -
1965 $207 - $2,168 -
1964 $215.5 - $1,941 -
1963 $185.1 - $1,779 -
1962 $163.1 - $1,670 -
1961 $162.3 - $1,563 -
1960 $148.7 - $1,444 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

Ivory Coast's GDP per capita is $3,050, ranking 145/197, compared to $94,594 in Norway, ranking 9/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Ivory Coast ranks 145th at $7,669, while Norway ranks 7th at $102,038.

Economic indicators

Ivory Coast Norway
Gross domestic product
$99.8B
2025
$531B
2025
GDP rank
77/197
2025
32/197
2025
GDP growth
6.5%
2024-2025
1.09%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$3,050
2025
$94,594
2025
GDP per capita rank
145/197
2025
9/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,669
2024
$102,038
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
145/197
2024
7/197
2024
Government debt
$56.2B
2025
$239B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
56.3%
2025
45%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,718
2025
$42,567
2025
Government debt per person rank
124/185
2025
15/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,667
2026
$50,036
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$7.33B
2020
$296B
2019
Number of millionaires n/a
348,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
17
2026
Income share by richest 10%
27.8%
2021
21.6%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2021
3.6%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
20.2%
2025
49.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.13%
2024-2025
3.06%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
4.25%
2026
Unemployment rate
2.31%
2022
4.5%
2025
Population
33910252
5660666

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Ivory Coast
Spending

Debt
Norway
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Ivory Coast Norway
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 20.2% 56.3% 49.6% 45%
2024 20.4% 59.5% 46.9% 52.8%
2023 21% 56.7% 44.2% 42.4%
2022 21.9% 56% 36.2% 34.8%
2021 20.5% 50.2% 44.7% 40.1%
2020 20.4% 46.3% 54.5% 44.3%
2019 17.2% 37.2% 48.4% 39%
2018 17.6% 35.3% 46.1% 38.1%
2017 18.1% 32.6% 47.6% 36.9%
2016 17.6% 31.1% 48.8% 36.7%
2015 16.5% 29.2% 46.7% 33.2%
2014 15.2% 26.7% 44% 28.8%
2013 15.9% 24.6% 42.3% 30.6%
2012 16.1% 24.7% 41.4% 30.2%
2011 13.2% 50% 42.3% 28.9%
2010 14.5% 45.6% 43.6% 42.1%
2009 14.4% 46.5% 44.7% 41.7%
2008 14.6% 51.2% 39.2% 46.8%
2007 14.8% 53.5% 40.5% 48.9%
2006 14.5% 57.5% 40.1% 52.2%
2005 13.6% 58.2% 41.6% 42.1%
2004 13.5% 56.7% 44.7% 43.8%
2003 12.7% 56.4% 47.7% 43.1%
2002 13.1% 63% 46.3% 34%
2001 11.4% 71.2% 43.4% 27.3%
2000 12.9% 74% 41.5% 28.8%
1999 13.7% 78% 46.7% 25.1%
1998 14.6% 75.2% 48.2% 23.8%
1997 15.2% 84.2% 45.9% 26%
1996 - - 47.4% 28.6%
1995 - - 49.6% 32.9%
1994 - - 49.7% 51%
1993 - - 50.5% 54%
1992 - - 51.6% 45.3%
1991 - - 50.3% 39.5%
1990 - - 49.1% 29.1%
1989 - - 52.2% 30.4%
1988 - - 52.6% 30.5%
1987 - - 50.5% 31.3%
1986 - - 48.1% 37.8%
1985 - - 44% 30.2%
1984 - - 44.5% 27.8%
1983 - - 46.4% 27.4%
1982 - - 46.6% 29.7%
1981 - - 46.1% 32.9%
1980 - - 46.1% 36.8%
1979 - - 47.2% 39.6%
1978 - - 47.9% 49.9%
1977 - - 46.5% 43.8%
1976 - - 45.2% 38.5%
1975 - - 43.5% 36.7%
1974 - - 42.2% 35.4%
1973 - - 42.3% 37.7%
1972 - - 42.2% 38.9%
1971 - - 40.7% 38.5%
1970 - - 38.9% 38.6%
1969 - - 38% 22.3%
1968 - - 36.2% 22.5%
1967 - - 34.9% 22.6%
1966 - - 33.5% 22.4%
1965 - - 32.9% 23%
1964 - - 32% 24.2%
1963 - - 31.9% 25.3%
1962 - - 30.6% 26.7%
1961 - - 20.4% 27.7%
1960 - - 18% 29.8%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Ivory Coast's government spending was $20.1B, accounting for 20.2% of its GDP, while Norway spent $263B, or 49.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 56.3% in Ivory Coast and 45% in Norway, ranking 85/185 and 117/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Ivory Coast

Norway
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Ivory Coast Norway
2025 -3% 9.34%
2024 -3.96% 12.8%
2023 -5.12% 15.9%
2022 -6.74% 24.7%
2021 -4.88% 9.93%
2020 -5.42% -2.46%
2019 -2.22% 6.28%
2018 -2.9% 7.56%
2017 -3.27% 4.79%
2016 -2.98% 3.91%
2015 -2.04% 5.8%
2014 -1.57% 8.34%
2013 -1.62% 10.3%
2012 -2.28% 13.4%
2011 -2.89% 13%
2010 -1.34% 10.6%
2009 -1% 10%
2008 -0.21% 18.3%
2007 -0.39% 16.8%
2006 -1.03% 17.7%
2005 -1.03% 14.7%
2004 -1.04% 10.8%
2003 -1.26% 7.21%
2002 -0.64% 9.05%
2001 0.7% 13.2%
2000 -0.83% 15.1%
1999 -1.27% 5.75%
1998 -0.7% 3.09%
1997 -0.75% 7.41%
1996 - 6.05%
1995 - 2.98%
1994 - 0.04%
1993 - -1.65%
1992 - -2.08%
1991 - -0.12%
1990 - 1.96%
1989 - 1.81%
1988 - 2.65%
1987 - 4.56%
1986 - 5.87%
1985 - 9.84%
1984 - 6.97%
1983 - 6.03%
1982 - 3.96%
1981 - 4.82%
1980 - 5.38%
1979 - 2.16%
1978 - 0.94%
1977 - 1.01%
1976 - 2.2%
1975 - 2.88%
1974 - 4.06%
1973 - 4.99%
1972 - 3.93%
1971 - 3.71%
1970 - 2.83%
1969 - 3.57%
1968 - 3.38%
1967 - 4.19%
1966 - 3.59%
1965 - 2.78%
1964 - 3.08%
1963 - 2.6%
1962 - 4%
1961 - -0.7%
1960 - 1.42%
1959 - 1.89%
1958 - 1.7%
1957 - 1.55%
1956 - 1.22%
1955 - 0.82%
1954 - -0.54%
1953 - 1.3%
1952 - 2.15%
1951 - 1.59%
1950 - -0.89%
1949 - -0.72%
1948 - -0.35%
1947 - -4.66%
1946 - -3.82%
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -0.54%
1938 - 0.03%
1937 - -0.16%
1936 - -0.7%
1935 - -1.1%
1934 - -0.59%
1933 - -1.29%
1932 - -1.14%
1931 - -1.15%
1930 - -0.46%
1929 - -0.83%
1928 - -0.81%
1927 - -0.76%
1926 - -1.59%
1925 - -1.92%
1924 - -2.96%
1923 - -3.58%
1922 - -4.28%
1921 - -5.47%
1920 - -1.15%
1919 - -2.11%
1918 - -1.17%
1917 - 0.2%
1916 - -0.36%
1915 - -2.04%
1914 - -1.09%
1913 - -0.9%
1912 - -0.89%
1911 - -0.05%
1910 - 0.3%
1909 - -0.52%
1908 - -0.06%
1907 - 0.16%
1906 - -0.59%
1905 - -0.52%
1904 - -0.75%
1903 - -1.12%
1902 - -1.52%
1901 - -1.41%
1900 - -1.99%
1899 - -1.35%
1898 - -1.39%
1897 - -0.63%
1896 - -1.57%
1895 - -1.66%
1894 - -1.13%
1893 - -1.25%
1892 - -0.94%
1891 - -0.44%
1890 - -0.2%
1889 - -0.07%
1888 - -0.23%
1887 - -0.17%
1886 - -0.2%
1885 - -0.005%
1884 - -0.08%
1883 - -0.17%
1882 - -0.62%
1881 - -1.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

In 2025, Ivory Coast's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $3B, equivalent to 3% of GDP. This compares to Norway's surplus of $49.6B, or 9.34% of GDP.

Over the past 29 years, Ivory Coast recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Norway ran a deficit in 1 years. On average, Ivory Coast posted an annual deficit equal to 2.13% of GDP, compared to surplus of 10.5% of GDP for Norway.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Ivory Coast

Norway
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Ivory Coast Norway
2025 0.13% 3.06%
2024 3.45% 3.15%
2023 4.37% 5.52%
2022 5.23% 5.76%
2021 4.16% 3.48%
2020 2.41% 1.29%
2019 0.79% 2.17%
2018 0.4% 2.76%
2017 0.69% 1.88%
2016 0.72% 3.55%
2015 1.25% 2.17%
2014 0.45% 2.04%
2013 2.58% 2.12%
2012 1.3% 0.7%
2011 4.91% 1.28%
2010 1.23% 2.42%
2009 1.02% 2.2%
2008 6.31% 3.75%
2007 1.89% 0.71%
2006 2.47% 2.33%
2005 3.89% 1.53%
2004 1.46% 0.45%
2003 3.3% 2.49%
2002 3.08% 1.29%
2001 4.36% 3%
2000 2.53% 3.09%
1999 0.7% 2.37%
1998 4.61% 2.25%
1997 4.02% 2.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Ivory Coast has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.54%, compared with 2.46% in Norway. In 2025, inflation was 0.13% in Ivory Coast and 3.06% in Norway.

Top exports between countries

Ivory Coast
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $11.1M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $567K
Metals $279K
Raw materials & minerals $169K
Textiles & consumer goods $102K
Raw agricultural goods $80K
Chemicals & pharma $19K
Precious metals & jewellery $12K
Wood & paper products $1K
Norway
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $50.9M
Machinery & equipment $25.2M
Animal & marine products $2.55M
Metals $1.87M
Miscellaneous $1.08M
Chemicals & pharma $594K
Textiles & consumer goods $204K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $186K
Wood & paper products $14K
Precious metals & jewellery $4K

Balance of trade

Ivory Coast Norway
Current account balance
-$3.89B
2024
$74.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
156/190
2024
10/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.47%
2024
+14%
2025
Goods imports
$15.3B
2024
$105B
2025
Goods exports
$20.8B
2024
$177B
2025
Service imports
$6.63B
2024
$73.9B
2025
Service exports
$1.22B
2024
$63.5B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
24.8%
2025
33.7%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
29.8%
2025
45.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Ivory Coast Norway
Economic freedom 58.1 78.8
Economic freedom ranking 111/197 9/197
Property rights 43.9 99.6
Government integrity 39.3 94.3
Judicial effectiveness 30.2 96.4
Tax burden 81.6 63.3
Government spending 86.6 42
Fiscal health 48 96.4
Business freedom 68.3 91.2
Labor freedom 57.1 69.3
Monetary freedom 67.6 72.4
Trade freedom 74.4 85.6
Investment freedom 50 75
Financial freedom 50 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Ivory Coast
Norway
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Ivory Coast Norway
2026 58.1 78.8
2025 57.8 78.3
2024 58.4 77.5
2023 60.4 76.9
2022 61.6 76.9
2021 61.7 73.4
2020 59.7 73.4
2019 62.4 73
2018 62 74.3
2017 63 74
2016 60 70.8
2015 58.5 71.8
2014 57.7 70.9
2013 54.1 70.5
2012 54.3 68.8
2011 55.4 70.3
2010 54.1 69.4
2009 55 70.2
2008 53.9 68.6
2007 54.9 67.9
2006 56.2 67.9
2005 56.6 64.5
2004 57.8 66.2
2003 56.7 67.2
2002 57.3 67.4
2001 54.8 67.1
2000 50.2 70.1
1999 51.7 68.6
1998 51.3 68
1997 50.5 65.1
1996 49.9 65.4
1995 53.4 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Ivory Coast is 58.1, ranking 111/197, compared to 78.8 for Norway, ranking 9/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Ivory Coast Norway
Services, % of GDP
51.2%
2025
55%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
23.9%
2025
34.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
16.8%
2025
1.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$91B
2025
$546B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$7,750
2025
$107,770
2025
Total reserves including gold n/a
$85.5B
2025
Total reserves ranking n/a
34/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$2.89B
2024
$8.93B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$3.12B
2024
$12.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$228M
2024
$5.62B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.47%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
37.5%
2021
12.2%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
19.3%
2025
23.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/ivory-coast/norway | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1881–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.