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Economy of Guinea-Bissau vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Guinea-Bissau has a GDP of $2.53B compared to $4T for the United Kingdom, ranking 176/197 and 5/197 by economy size, respectively.

Guinea-Bissau has $1.9B in government debt (75.3% of GDP), compared to $4.1T (102.3% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Guinea-Bissau vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Guinea-Bissau
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
2025 $2,527,930,273 $4,002,587,541,846
2024 $2,197,777,210 $3,695,539,513,534
2023 $2,076,748,678 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $1,856,239,955 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $1,907,611,288 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $1,705,062,170 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $1,596,214,680 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $1,554,133,594 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $1,469,978,606 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $1,245,074,264 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $1,152,384,167 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $1,135,250,721 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $1,109,682,824 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $1,049,412,177 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $1,157,074,319 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $940,112,539 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $890,167,833 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $952,667,544 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $753,162,998 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $634,781,901 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $639,776,041 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $582,169,841 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $553,614,800 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $466,773,711 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $412,610,872 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $391,345,597 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $579,365,780 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $591,034,143 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $698,107,222 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $702,965,148 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $660,195,402 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $612,502,085 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $615,779,519 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $588,309,271 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $668,470,891 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $634,187,269 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $554,072,303 $926,884,816,754
1988 $427,514,322 $910,122,732,124
1987 $451,893,375 $745,162,608,269
1986 $338,524,233 $601,452,653,181
1985 $373,959,151 $489,285,164,271
1984 $359,980,491 $461,487,097,632
1983 $425,225,177 $489,618,008,186
1982 $430,284,022 $515,048,916,841
1981 $402,230,865 $540,765,675,241
1980 $287,648,258 $564,947,710,899
1979 $308,143,183 $438,994,070,309
1978 $318,876,550 $335,883,029,722
1977 $298,871,675 $263,066,457,352
1976 $292,152,321 $232,614,555,256
1975 $283,311,997 $241,756,637,168
1974 $256,769,730 $206,131,369,799
1973 $232,331,281 $192,537,971,583
1972 $227,986,203 $169,965,034,965
1971 $204,167,297 $148,113,896,325
1970 $204,670,551 $130,671,946,244
1969 - $116,464,702,803
1968 - $107,759,910,068
1967 - $113,116,888,211
1966 - $108,572,752,102
1965 - $101,824,755,079
1964 - $94,407,558,351
1963 - $86,561,961,812
1962 - $81,247,564,157
1961 - $77,741,965,703
1960 - $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Guinea-Bissau vs United Kingdom by year

Guinea-Bissau
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $1,124 - $57,602 -
2024 $998 $3,119 $53,341 $62,009
2023 $964 $2,990 $49,920 $59,911
2022 $882 $2,789 $47,035 $59,022
2021 $927 $2,523 $47,696 $51,004
2020 $847 $2,340 $40,815 $48,230
2019 $811 $2,247 $43,161 $50,065
2018 $809 $2,058 $43,704 $47,212
2017 $783 $2,082 $40,918 $46,113
2016 $680 $1,824 $41,259 $44,085
2015 $645 $1,730 $45,256 $42,515
2014 $652 $1,456 $47,747 $41,267
2013 $654 $1,416 $43,608 $39,948
2012 $635 $1,402 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $720 $1,472 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $600 $1,370 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $583 $1,315 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $640 $1,309 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $519 $1,260 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $449 $1,226 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $463 $1,187 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $431 $1,105 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $420 $1,089 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $362 $1,095 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $327 $1,064 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $317 $1,014 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $479 $1,001 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $498 $861 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $599 $1,118 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $615 $1,052 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $589 $945 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $561 $909 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $582 $890 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $574 $880 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $672 $877 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $651 $824 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $578 - $16,239 -
1988 $454 - $15,987 -
1987 $488 - $13,119 -
1986 $371 - $10,611 -
1985 $417 - $8,652 -
1984 $407 - $8,179 -
1983 $489 - $8,692 -
1982 $503 - $9,146 -
1981 $477 - $9,599 -
1980 $347 - $10,032 -
1979 $376 - $7,805 -
1978 $403 - $5,977 -
1977 $403 - $4,681 -
1976 $421 - $4,138 -
1975 $435 - $4,300 -
1974 $419 - $3,666 -
1973 $392 - $3,426 -
1972 $389 - $3,030 -
1971 $348 - $2,650 -
1970 $350 - $2,348 -
1969 - - $2,101 -
1968 - - $1,952 -
1967 - - $2,059 -
1966 - - $1,987 -
1965 - - $1,874 -
1964 - - $1,748 -
1963 - - $1,613 -
1962 - - $1,526 -
1961 - - $1,472 -
1960 - - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

Guinea-Bissau's GDP per capita is $1,124, ranking 177/197, compared to $57,602 in the United Kingdom, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Guinea-Bissau ranks 179th at $3,119, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$2.53B
2025
$4T
2025
GDP rank
176/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP growth
5.82%
2024-2025
1.39%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$1,124
2025
$57,602
2025
GDP per capita rank
177/197
2025
21/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$3,119
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
179/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$1.9B
2025
$4.1T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
75.3%
2025
102.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$846
2025
$58,936
2025
Government debt per person rank
149/185
2025
7/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,483
2026
$43,539
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,428,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
56
2026
Income share by richest 10%
26.1%
2021
25%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.4%
2021
2.9%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
19.9%
2025
43.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.9%
2024-2025
3.88%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
2.67%
2022
4.9%
2025
Population
2323460
70071289

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Guinea-Bissau
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 19.9% 75.3% 43.6% 102.3%
2024 20.4% 82.4% 43.7% 99.9%
2023 21.9% 79.4% 44.2% 98.9%
2022 21.3% 80.7% 43.2% 97.5%
2021 25% 78.8% 44.9% 103.4%
2020 25% 77.6% 49.3% 104.8%
2019 18.8% 65.1% 38.3% 84.9%
2018 19.5% 59.1% 38.5% 85.6%
2017 18.1% 51.8% 38.8% 86.1%
2016 20.5% 59.1% 39.3% 87.3%
2015 21.5% 56.3% 40.1% 87.3%
2014 23% 60.1% 40.8% 86.5%
2013 12.4% 49.6% 41.6% 84.9%
2012 13% 47.4% 43.3% 84.1%
2011 17.3% 45.6% 43.3% 81.1%
2010 18.5% 61.7% 44.5% 75.5%
2009 20.6% 148.3% 44.2% 64.5%
2008 21.8% 148.8% 40.6% 50.6%
2007 23.7% 164% 38.4% 43%
2006 19.8% 190.4% 38.2% 41.9%
2005 20.2% 203.7% 38.3% 40.9%
2004 23% 202% 37.9% 39.7%
2003 17% 183.4% 37% 36.6%
2002 14.1% 197.5% 35.8% 35.3%
2001 19.1% 204.4% 34.5% 34.8%
2000 23.5% 217.1% 33.8% 37.5%
1999 12.1% 109.9% 33.7% 40.3%
1998 8.72% 109.1% 34.3% 41.8%
1997 12.7% 94.3% 34.7% 43.9%
1996 8.93% 117.3% 35.6% 43.5%
1995 8.14% 103.3% 37.5% 43.5%
1994 18.4% 105.5% 37.4% 40.6%
1993 13.1% 112.4% 37.6% 37.8%
1992 10.1% 85.3% 37.7% 33.1%
1991 9.19% 88.9% 35.7% 28.4%
1990 - - 34.9% 28.4%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Guinea-Bissau's government spending was $502M, accounting for 19.9% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.75T, or 43.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 75.3% in Guinea-Bissau and 102.3% in the United Kingdom, ranking 49/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Guinea-Bissau

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
2025 -6.69% -5.38%
2024 -7.26% -6.06%
2023 -8.15% -6.05%
2022 -6.06% -4.6%
2021 -5.88% -7.54%
2020 -9.64% -12.9%
2019 -3.86% -2.38%
2018 -4.76% -2.23%
2017 -1.32% -2.48%
2016 -5.34% -3.28%
2015 -3.16% -4.53%
2014 -2.44% -5.47%
2013 -1.67% -5.29%
2012 -2.12% -7.96%
2011 -1.35% -7.42%
2010 -0.23% -9.25%
2009 2.68% -9.97%
2008 -0.73% -5.05%
2007 -8.77% -2.63%
2006 -4.57% -2.74%
2005 -4.96% -3.13%
2004 -5.92% -3.14%
2003 -5.63% -3.19%
2002 -3.7% -1.95%
2001 -1.83% 0.34%
2000 -2.8% 1.4%
1999 -4.06% 0.76%
1998 -5.95% -0.21%
1997 -2.56% -2%
1996 3.48% -3.63%
1995 2.45% -4.97%
1994 -5.54% -5.72%
1993 -0.34% -6.6%
1992 -0.25% -5.39%
1991 1.61% -2.76%
1990 - -1.53%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2025, Guinea-Bissau's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $169M, equivalent to 6.69% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $215B, or 5.38% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Guinea-Bissau recorded a fiscal deficit in 31 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 32 years. On average, Guinea-Bissau posted an annual deficit equal to 3.35% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.38% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Guinea-Bissau

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
2025 0.9% 3.88%
2024 3.7% 3.27%
2023 7.2% 6.79%
2022 7.9% 7.92%
2021 3.3% 2.52%
2020 1.5% 0.99%
2019 0.3% 1.74%
2018 0.4% 2.29%
2017 -0.2% 2.56%
2016 2.7% 1.01%
2015 1.5% 0.37%
2014 -1% 1.45%
2013 0.8% 2.29%
2012 2.1% 2.57%
2011 5.1% 3.86%
2010 1.1% 2.49%
2009 -1.6% 1.96%
2008 10.4% 3.52%
2007 4.6% 2.39%
2006 2% 2.46%
2005 3.4% 2.09%
2004 0.8% 1.39%
2003 -3.5% 1.38%
2002 3.3% 1.52%
2001 3.3% 1.53%
2000 8.6% 1.18%
1999 -2.1% 1.75%
1998 8.1% 1.82%
1997 49.1% 2.2%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Guinea-Bissau has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.27%, compared with 2.46% in the United Kingdom. In 2025, inflation was 0.9% in Guinea-Bissau and 3.88% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Guinea-Bissau
Export category Export value
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Metals $601K
Machinery & equipment $367K
Chemicals & pharma $312K
Textiles & consumer goods $124K
Animal & marine products $44K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $33K
Raw materials & minerals $26K
Raw agricultural goods $22K
Wood & paper products $7K
Miscellaneous $2K

Balance of trade

Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
Current account balance
-$162M
2024
-$97.1B
2025
Current account balance ranking
87/190
2024
189/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-7.36%
2024
-2.43%
2025
Goods imports
$414M
2024
$827B
2025
Goods exports
$229M
2024
$506B
2025
Service imports
$198M
2024
$450B
2025
Service exports
$51M
2024
$720B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
27%
2025
31.9%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
13.9%
2025
30.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
Economic freedom 43.2 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 181/197 35/197
Property rights 28.4 93.6
Government integrity 21 83
Judicial effectiveness 13.2 83.1
Tax burden 89 61.7
Government spending 86.5 41.1
Fiscal health 6.5 32.4
Business freedom 34.6 83.6
Labor freedom 55.9 61.2
Monetary freedom 75.9 71.9
Trade freedom 47 82.8
Investment freedom 30 70
Financial freedom 30 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Guinea-Bissau
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
2026 43.2 70.4
2025 43.6 69.3
2024 42.7 68.6
2023 44.6 69.9
2022 46 72.7
2021 54.9 78.4
2020 53.3 79.3
2019 54 78.9
2018 56.9 78
2017 56.1 76.4
2016 51.8 76.4
2015 52 75.8
2014 51.3 74.9
2013 51.1 74.8
2012 50.1 74.1
2011 46.5 74.5
2010 43.6 76.5
2009 45.4 79
2008 44.4 79.4
2007 46.1 79.9
2006 46.5 80.4
2005 46 79.2
2004 42.6 77.7
2003 43.1 77.5
2002 42.3 78.5
2001 42.5 77.6
2000 34.7 77.3
1999 33.5 76.2
1998 - 76.5
1997 - 76.4
1996 - 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Guinea-Bissau is 43.2, ranking 181/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Guinea-Bissau United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
39.1%
2025
73.1%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
15.7%
2025
16.5%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
40.6%
2025
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$2.45B
2025
$3.79T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$3,320
2025
$64,210
2025
Total reserves including gold n/a
$214B
2025
Total reserves ranking n/a
19/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$26.3M
2024
$10.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$26.7M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$389K
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.77%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
50.5%
2021
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
25.8%
2025
19.7%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/guinea-bissau/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1996, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.