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Economy of Denmark vs Slovakia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Denmark has a GDP of $463B compared to $155B for Slovakia, ranking 36/197 and 60/197 by economy size, respectively.

Denmark has $127B in government debt (27.5% of GDP), compared to $95.3B (61.6% of GDP) in Slovakia.

Denmark vs Slovakia GDP by year

Denmark
Slovakia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Denmark Slovakia
2025 $462,526,660,468 $154,530,066,507
2024 $424,524,722,037 $140,934,076,532
2023 $404,651,706,118 $133,578,518,424
2022 $400,114,306,337 $115,792,972,358
2021 $406,110,162,088 $120,511,265,913
2020 $355,631,021,932 $107,732,602,896
2019 $345,401,473,013 $105,843,498,304
2018 $355,293,374,912 $106,611,673,365
2017 $331,610,593,962 $95,978,130,735
2016 $312,181,849,372 $90,347,173,229
2015 $301,758,922,338 $89,178,548,717
2014 $352,832,602,064 $101,713,075,599
2013 $344,631,016,965 $99,134,277,850
2012 $326,792,574,245 $94,724,394,278
2011 $344,315,595,263 $99,705,104,723
2010 $322,345,594,075 $91,112,160,801
2009 $322,619,152,195 $89,342,984,698
2008 $354,979,471,960 $96,685,492,864
2007 $320,213,157,595 $77,019,443,089
2006 $283,386,151,544 $57,111,148,619
2005 $265,150,087,712 $48,823,790,951
2004 $251,986,155,631 $42,960,730,480
2003 $218,421,193,436 $33,761,723,946
2002 $178,788,209,558 $24,768,142,566
2001 $164,881,594,415 $21,377,597,035
2000 $164,043,817,224 $20,626,538,612
1999 $177,887,720,536 $20,813,421,086
1998 $176,877,077,513 $22,911,708,405
1997 $173,241,365,735 $22,026,728,498
1996 $187,481,157,846 $21,864,845,214
1995 $184,848,481,008 $20,306,095,054
1994 $156,017,919,221 $16,187,735,322
1993 $143,111,306,004 $13,991,963,247
1992 $152,966,494,260 $12,932,972,789
1991 $139,180,507,778 $11,952,983,608
1990 $138,217,740,684 $17,068,924,602
1989 $112,312,200,761 -
1988 $115,540,189,705 -
1987 $109,183,446,340 -
1986 $87,748,695,217 -
1985 $62,452,421,011 -
1984 $58,868,891,335 -
1983 $60,331,158,447 -
1982 $60,084,214,872 -
1981 $61,459,941,461 -
1980 $70,811,287,816 -
1979 $70,393,030,603 -
1978 $60,320,089,218 -
1977 $49,711,709,588 -
1976 $44,503,607,444 -
1975 $40,418,967,666 -
1974 $34,125,712,481 -
1973 $30,718,181,337 -
1972 $23,230,667,549 -
1971 $19,086,192,720 -
1970 $17,075,457,733 -
1969 $15,414,902,667 -
1968 $13,505,574,133 -
1967 $13,059,064,806 -
1966 $11,931,740,293 -
1965 $10,870,670,865 -
1964 $9,677,401,337 -
1963 $8,466,044,980 -
1962 $7,953,274,741 -
1961 $7,058,361,229 -
1960 $6,361,166,545 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Denmark vs Slovakia by year

Denmark
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Slovakia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Denmark Slovakia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $76,970 - $28,544 -
2024 $71,026 $81,878 $25,993 $48,132
2023 $68,044 $77,892 $24,615 $45,974
2022 $67,781 $78,914 $21,318 $41,562
2021 $69,341 $69,715 $22,123 $38,346
2020 $60,985 $62,682 $19,735 $35,328
2019 $59,404 $60,595 $19,406 $33,986
2018 $61,325 $57,234 $19,573 $31,510
2017 $57,522 $55,272 $17,646 $30,246
2016 $54,501 $51,821 $16,636 $29,868
2015 $53,094 $48,897 $16,442 $30,148
2014 $62,520 $47,880 $18,771 $29,108
2013 $61,378 $46,869 $18,313 $28,075
2012 $58,444 $44,755 $17,517 $27,023
2011 $61,810 $44,444 $18,469 $26,202
2010 $58,105 $43,038 $16,899 $25,382
2009 $58,413 $40,524 $16,587 $23,077
2008 $64,617 $41,467 $17,974 $23,714
2007 $58,632 $39,110 $14,330 $21,232
2006 $52,119 $37,392 $10,629 $18,906
2005 $48,926 $34,238 $9,087 $16,570
2004 $46,625 $33,016 $7,997 $15,166
2003 $40,519 $30,864 $6,283 $14,088
2002 $33,257 $30,667 $4,606 $13,292
2001 $30,768 $29,459 $3,974 $12,367
2000 $30,722 $28,648 $3,828 $11,370
1999 $33,426 $26,642 $3,857 $10,726
1998 $33,346 $25,799 $4,250 $10,666
1997 $32,780 $24,887 $4,092 $10,137
1996 $35,622 $23,723 $4,069 $9,500
1995 $35,321 $22,677 $3,787 $8,812
1994 $29,968 $21,669 $3,028 $8,178
1993 $27,582 $20,217 $2,627 $7,569
1992 $29,579 $19,830 $2,438 $7,270
1991 $27,003 $19,067 $2,254 $7,623
1990 $26,886 $18,225 $3,221 $8,638
1989 $21,882 - - -
1988 $22,525 - - -
1987 $21,296 - - -
1986 $17,137 - - -
1985 $12,213 - - -
1984 $11,517 - - -
1983 $11,797 - - -
1982 $11,740 - - -
1981 $12,000 - - -
1980 $13,822 - - -
1979 $13,757 - - -
1978 $11,818 - - -
1977 $9,770 - - -
1976 $8,773 - - -
1975 $7,988 - - -
1974 $6,764 - - -
1973 $6,117 - - -
1972 $4,654 - - -
1971 $3,846 - - -
1970 $3,464 - - -
1969 $3,151 - - -
1968 $2,776 - - -
1967 $2,701 - - -
1966 $2,487 - - -
1965 $2,284 - - -
1964 $2,049 - - -
1963 $1,807 - - -
1962 $1,711 - - -
1961 $1,531 - - -
1960 $1,389 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

Denmark's GDP per capita is $76,970, ranking 11/197, compared to $28,544 in Slovakia, ranking 46/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Denmark ranks 14th at $81,878, while Slovakia ranks 49th at $48,132.

Economic indicators

Denmark Slovakia
Gross domestic product
$463B
2025
$155B
2025
GDP rank
36/197
2025
60/197
2025
GDP growth
2.93%
2024-2025
0.81%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$76,970
2025
$28,544
2025
GDP per capita rank
11/197
2025
46/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$81,878
2024
$48,132
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
14/197
2024
49/197
2024
Government debt
$127B
2025
$95.3B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
27.5%
2025
61.6%
2025
Government debt per person
$21,192
2025
$17,597
2025
Government debt per person rank
32/185
2025
36/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$52,602
2026
$17,518
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$151B
2004
$5.38B
2014
Number of millionaires
376,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
9
2026
2
2026
Income share by richest 10%
25.5%
2023
18.8%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.6%
2023
3.3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
47.6%
2025
48.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.89%
2024-2025
4%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
1.6%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
6.4%
2025
5.4%
2025
Population
6042125
5376239

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Denmark
Spending

Debt
Slovakia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Denmark Slovakia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 47.6% 27.5% 48.7% 61.6%
2024 47.3% 30.5% 47.5% 59.7%
2023 47.4% 33% 48.2% 55.8%
2022 45.1% 33.3% 43.1% 57.8%
2021 49.7% 39.6% 44.8% 60.2%
2020 53.3% 45.2% 44.5% 58.4%
2019 49.8% 38.3% 40.6% 48%
2018 50.8% 38.5% 39.7% 49.3%
2017 50.6% 40.2% 39.8% 51.4%
2016 52.4% 41.7% 40.9% 52.1%
2015 54.4% 44.6% 44.1% 51.6%
2014 55.1% 48.7% 42% 53.4%
2013 55.6% 47.8% 41.1% 54.6%
2012 57.9% 48.7% 40% 51.7%
2011 56.3% 50% 40.8% 43.3%
2010 56.5% 46.1% 41% 40.7%
2009 56.3% 43% 43.2% 36.4%
2008 50.3% 35.5% 36.5% 28.6%
2007 49.5% 29.5% 35.9% 30.4%
2006 49.7% 33.2% 38.2% 31.5%
2005 51.1% 39.4% 39.1% 35%
2004 52.8% 46.2% 38.4% 42%
2003 53.5% 48.2% 40% 43.6%
2002 53.1% 50.3% 46% 45.6%
2001 53% 50.1% 46.2% 51.4%
2000 52.9% 53.6% 53.2% 50.6%
1999 54.7% 56.8% 48.4% 47.1%
1998 55.6% 60.3% 46.2% 33.9%
1997 56.2% 64.4% 48.6% 32.8%
1996 58.2% 68.3% 52.8% 30.3%
1995 58.7% 71.5% 47.8% 21.3%
1994 59.5% 75.3% - -
1993 59.5% 78.7% - -
1992 56.4% 66.7% - -
1991 55.5% 63.2% - -
1990 55.1% 62.4% - -
1989 56.2% 62.2% - -
1988 56.1% 64.7% - -
1987 54% 62.5% - -
1986 52.3% 66.8% - -
1985 55.5% 74.7% - -
1984 56.6% 77.7% - -
1983 57.9% 74.2% - -
1982 57.7% 64.5% - -
1981 56.3% 51.7% - -
1980 52.7% 39.2% - -
1979 49.6% 31.8% - -
1978 47.2% 25.5% - -
1977 45.6% 15.2% - -
1976 45% 11.4% - -
1975 45.3% 7.01% - -
1974 43.6% 6.2% - -
1973 39.5% 8.94% - -
1972 42.1% 11.5% - -
1971 42.2% 12.9% - -
1970 24.4% 7.62% - -
1969 25.3% 8.36% - -
1968 24.3% 9.36% - -
1967 22.2% 10.1% - -
1966 21.1% 11.2% - -
1965 17.1% 12.9% - -
1964 17.6% 14.5% - -
1963 18.2% 13.7% - -
1962 17% 15.3% - -
1961 15.6% 16.4% - -
1960 16.4% 20.1% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1991, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

In 2025, Denmark's government spending was $220B, accounting for 47.6% of its GDP, while Slovakia spent $75.3B, or 48.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 27.5% in Denmark and 61.6% in Slovakia, ranking 161/185 and 74/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Denmark

Slovakia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Denmark Slovakia
2025 2.85% -5.02%
2024 4.46% -5.5%
2023 3.43% -5.3%
2022 3.39% -1.56%
2021 4.08% -5.09%
2020 0.36% -5.3%
2019 4.28% -1.21%
2018 0.81% -1.01%
2017 1.69% -0.98%
2016 0.3% -2.59%
2015 -0.9% -2.78%
2014 1.43% -3.25%
2013 -0.94% -2.86%
2012 -3.2% -4.37%
2011 -1.77% -4.36%
2010 -2.52% -7.44%
2009 -2.75% -8.18%
2008 3.46% -2.54%
2007 5.31% -2.26%
2006 5.29% -3.57%
2005 5.2% -2.86%
2004 2.23% -2.36%
2003 0.14% -2.28%
2002 0.25% -8.35%
2001 1.13% -7.74%
2000 1.79% -12.7%
1999 1.06% -7.25%
1998 -0.28% -5.37%
1997 -1.22% -6.24%
1996 -2.4% -9.72%
1995 -3.5% -3.43%
1994 -3.85% -
1993 -3.73% -
1992 -2.6% -
1991 -3.15% -
1990 -1.78% -
1989 0.3% -
1988 1.46% -
1987 2.46% -
1986 3.23% -
1985 -1.38% -
1984 -3.58% -
1983 -6.29% -
1982 -8.22% -
1981 -5.84% -
1980 -2.32% -
1979 -0.69% -
1978 0.41% -
1977 0.37% -
1976 0.19% -
1975 -1.23% -
1974 3.7% -
1973 4.97% -
1972 5.01% -
1971 4.96% -
1970 0.7% -
1969 0.3% -
1968 -0.06% -
1967 1.49% -
1966 0.99% -
1965 2.13% -
1964 1.79% -
1963 1.2% -
1962 -0.09% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 1.25% -
1959 0.79% -
1958 0.25% -
1957 0.26% -
1956 -0.01% -
1955 -1.17% -
1954 -0.84% -
1953 1.75% -
1952 1.18% -
1951 0.79% -
1950 1.08% -
1949 0.63% -
1948 1.07% -
1947 0.84% -
1946 2.69% -
1945 -1.03% -
1944 0% -
1943 0% -
1942 0% -
1941 0% -
1940 0% -
1939 0% -
1938 0.03% -
1937 0.22% -
1936 -1.36% -
1935 -0.97% -
1934 0.03% -
1933 1.69% -
1932 -3.22% -
1931 -1.67% -
1930 0.03% -
1929 0.13% -
1928 -4.99% -
1927 -2.33% -
1926 -0.48% -
1925 -3.1% -
1924 -0.8% -
1923 -0.56% -
1922 -1.33% -
1921 -2.41% -
1920 -0.46% -
1919 -0.38% -
1918 1.95% -
1917 3.1% -
1916 1.51% -
1915 -0.48% -
1914 0.43% -
1913 0.07% -
1912 0.13% -
1911 -1.02% -
1910 -1.72% -
1909 -2.49% -
1908 -0.82% -
1907 0.26% -
1906 -0.42% -
1905 0.22% -
1904 -0.1% -
1903 0.03% -
1902 -0.06% -
1901 -0.71% -
1900 -0.84% -
1899 -0.59% -
1898 -0.43% -
1897 -0.61% -
1896 -0.07% -
1895 -0.17% -
1894 -0.26% -
1893 -0.42% -
1892 -0.73% -
1891 -0.76% -
1890 -0.97% -
1889 -0.55% -
1888 -0.49% -
1887 -0.68% -
1886 -0.39% -
1885 0.48% -
1884 1.2% -
1883 0.73% -
1882 0.35% -
1881 0.42% -
1880 -2.65% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

In 2025, Denmark's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $13.2B, equivalent to 2.85% of GDP. This compares to Slovakia's deficit of $7.75B, or 5.02% of GDP.

Over the past 31 years, Denmark recorded a fiscal deficit in 10 of those years, while Slovakia ran a deficit in 31 years. On average, Denmark posted an annual surplus equal to 1.08% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.63% of GDP for Slovakia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Denmark

Slovakia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Denmark Slovakia
2025 1.89% 4%
2024 1.37% 2.76%
2023 3.31% 10.5%
2022 7.7% 12.8%
2021 1.85% 3.15%
2020 0.42% 1.94%
2019 0.76% 2.66%
2018 0.81% 2.51%
2017 1.15% 1.31%
2016 0.25% -0.52%
2015 0.45% -0.33%
2014 0.56% -0.08%
2013 0.79% 1.4%
2012 2.4% 3.61%
2011 2.76% 3.92%
2010 2.31% 0.96%
2009 1.3% 1.62%
2008 3.42% 4.6%
2007 1.69% 2.76%
2006 1.92% 4.48%
2005 1.82% 2.71%
2004 1.15% 7.55%
2003 2.08% 8.55%
2002 2.42% 3.13%
2001 2.34% 7.33%
2000 2.9% 12%
1999 2.5% 10.6%
1998 1.85% 6.67%
1997 2.18% 6.14%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Denmark has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.94%, compared with 4.44% in Slovakia. In 2025, inflation was 1.89% in Denmark and 4% in Slovakia.

Top exports between countries

Denmark
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $144M
Machinery & equipment $129M
Metals $74.2M
Chemicals & pharma $53.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $44.2M
IT & IP services $38.3M
Animal & marine products $30.6M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $22.4M
Business & finance services $21M
Wood & paper products $14.3M
Slovakia
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $391M
Metals $88.6M
Textiles & consumer goods $78.2M
Transport & tourism services $61.6M
Chemicals & pharma $40.3M
Business & finance services $24.7M
Raw materials & minerals $21.4M
Wood & paper products $19.5M
IT & IP services $12M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $7.47M

Balance of trade

Denmark Slovakia
Current account balance
$51.8B
2024
-$5.6B
2025
Current account balance ranking
13/190
2024
165/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+12.2%
2024
-3.63%
2025
Goods imports
$132B
2024
$117B
2025
Goods exports
$172B
2024
$117B
2025
Service imports
$125B
2024
$14.3B
2025
Service exports
$129B
2024
$14.7B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
59.1%
2025
85.2%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
70.1%
2025
85.1%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Denmark Slovakia
Economic freedom 79 67.7
Economic freedom ranking 8/197 54/197
Property rights 99.9 82.6
Government integrity 98 57.2
Judicial effectiveness 89.3 70.5
Tax burden 43.4 75.4
Government spending 34.8 36.4
Fiscal health 98 69.6
Business freedom 90.4 71.1
Labor freedom 65 55.1
Monetary freedom 80.1 69.7
Trade freedom 79.4 79.4
Investment freedom 90 75
Financial freedom 80 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Denmark
Slovakia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Denmark Slovakia
2026 79 67.7
2025 79.1 68.4
2024 77.8 68.1
2023 77.6 69
2022 78 69.7
2021 77.8 66.3
2020 78.3 66.8
2019 76.7 65
2018 76.6 65.3
2017 75.1 65.7
2016 75.3 66.6
2015 76.3 67.2
2014 76.1 66.4
2013 76.1 68.7
2012 76.2 67
2011 78.6 69.5
2010 77.9 69.7
2009 79.6 69.4
2008 79.2 70
2007 77 69.6
2006 75.4 69.8
2005 75.3 66.8
2004 72.4 64.6
2003 73.2 59
2002 71.1 59.8
2001 68.3 58.5
2000 68.3 53.8
1999 68.1 54.2
1998 67.5 57.5
1997 67.5 55.5
1996 67.3 57.6
1995 - 60.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Denmark is 79, ranking 8/197, compared to 67.7 for Slovakia, ranking 54/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Denmark Slovakia
Services, % of GDP
62.7%
2025
59.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
24.8%
2025
28.1%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.17%
2025
1.59%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$464B
2025
$143B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$85,460
2025
$47,920
2025
Total reserves including gold
$128B
2025
$18.2B
2025
Total reserves ranking
24/177
2025
69/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$12.5B
2024
-$198M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$18.2B
2024
$5.01B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$30.7B
2024
$2.24B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.4%
2021
13.7%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.1%
2025
20.1%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/slovakia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1991, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.