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Estonia vs Luxembourg statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 678K in Luxembourg (ranked 164/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 994 sq mi for Luxembourg (ranked 129th vs. 169th).

By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and Luxembourg ranks 73/197 ($93.2B). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while Luxembourg ranks 3/197 ($137,517).

Main facts and rankings

Estonia Luxembourg
Population
1355535
690832
Population rank 155/197 164/197
GDP
$42.8B
2024
$93.2B
2024
GDP rank 102/197 73/197
GDP per capita
$31,170
2024
$137,517
2024
GDP per capita rank 40/197 3/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,334
2024
$150,772
2024
Government debt
$10.1B
2024
$24.2B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
26.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,362
2024
$35,728
2024
Government debt per person rank 66/185 20/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,368
2025
$64,450
2025
Land area
16,498 sq mi
2025
994 sq mi
2025
Population density
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
682 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.31
2023
1.25
2023
Median age
43.3 years
2024
40.2 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
82.5 years
2025

Estonia and Luxembourg: Comparison Charts

Estonia and Luxembourg economies compared

GDP
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year GDP
Estonia Luxembourg
1960 - $709,941,874
1961 - $710,163,719
1962 - $747,846,862
1963 - $797,902,154
1964 - $910,877,686
1965 - $929,477,285
1966 - $976,717,015
1967 - $983,052,315
1968 - $1,075,561,623
1969 - $1,245,432,991
1970 - $1,457,768,455
1971 - $1,518,773,421
1972 - $1,901,697,370
1973 - $2,609,875,802
1974 - $3,183,637,117
1975 - $3,123,333,333
1976 - $3,423,586,207
1977 - $3,789,321,328
1978 - $4,718,539,772
1979 - $5,516,982,664
1980 - $6,019,805,490
1981 - $5,053,665,797
1982 - $4,602,316,793
1983 - $4,524,217,751
1984 - $4,438,435,493
1985 - $4,577,211,767
1986 - $6,685,595,088
1987 - $8,320,902,215
1988 - $9,418,167,855
1989 - $10,037,674,038
1990 - $12,778,792,854
1991 - $13,834,219,728
1992 - $15,518,702,635
1993 $4,013,091,682 $15,925,521,222
1994 $4,123,011,420 $17,701,798,891
1995 $4,502,970,889 $20,853,093,870
1996 $4,786,018,988 $20,895,314,658
1997 $5,154,420,649 $19,563,836,265
1998 $5,674,080,543 $20,150,053,345
1999 $5,756,912,266 $21,899,317,599
2000 $5,686,579,748 $21,230,182,989
2001 $6,250,218,423 $21,387,533,703
2002 $7,370,119,619 $23,649,833,332
2003 $9,876,595,528 $29,667,268,248
2004 $12,148,595,031 $35,064,843,793
2005 $14,109,491,357 $37,672,280,120
2006 $17,025,671,810 $42,910,146,296
2007 $22,450,264,166 $51,587,401,416
2008 $24,342,935,404 $58,844,277,702
2009 $19,633,984,440 $54,467,289,898
2010 $19,524,355,419 $56,213,985,987
2011 $23,303,915,795 $61,696,281,326
2012 $23,237,406,116 $59,776,383,527
2013 $25,451,032,781 $65,203,276,467
2014 $27,055,689,003 $68,804,811,898
2015 $23,311,847,751 $60,071,584,216
2016 $24,561,027,788 $62,216,885,436
2017 $27,469,461,919 $65,712,180,343
2018 $31,222,632,741 $71,085,623,495
2019 $31,873,748,770 $69,872,035,114
2020 $31,820,771,494 $73,670,782,100
2021 $37,204,563,051 $86,386,759,695
2022 $38,376,046,175 $80,801,680,397
2023 $41,291,245,222 $87,574,021,092
2024 $42,764,929,169 $93,197,329,012

Estonia and Luxembourg economies compared

GDP per capita
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year GDP per capita
Estonia Luxembourg
1960 - $2,261
1961 - $2,241
1962 - $2,332
1963 - $2,462
1964 - $2,779
1965 - $2,804
1966 - $2,925
1967 - $2,935
1968 - $3,203
1969 - $3,690
1970 - $4,298
1971 - $4,435
1972 - $5,487
1973 - $7,447
1974 - $8,967
1975 - $8,701
1976 - $9,491
1977 - $10,486
1978 - $13,034
1979 - $15,204
1980 - $16,531
1981 - $13,837
1982 - $12,591
1983 - $12,374
1984 - $12,127
1985 - $12,482
1986 - $18,150
1987 - $22,443
1988 - $25,219
1989 - $26,618
1990 - $33,465
1991 - $35,747
1992 - $39,571
1993 $2,686 $40,067
1994 $2,819 $43,933
1995 $3,134 $51,032
1996 $3,381 $50,444
1997 $3,683 $46,642
1998 $4,093 $47,445
1999 $4,141 $50,872
2000 $4,071 $48,660
2001 $4,503 $48,440
2002 $5,343 $53,006
2003 $7,205 $65,689
2004 $8,916 $76,545
2005 $10,415 $80,988
2006 $12,641 $90,789
2007 $16,745 $107,475
2008 $18,206 $120,422
2009 $14,712 $109,420
2010 $14,664 $110,886
2011 $17,556 $119,025
2012 $17,568 $112,585
2013 $19,310 $120,000
2014 $20,582 $123,679
2015 $17,722 $105,462
2016 $18,666 $106,899
2017 $20,852 $110,193
2018 $23,618 $116,927
2019 $24,021 $112,697
2020 $23,934 $116,860
2021 $27,954 $134,966
2022 $28,451 $123,720
2023 $30,133 $131,408
2024 $31,170 $137,517

Estonia vs. Luxembourg life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year Life expectancy, years
Estonia Luxembourg
1950 66.4 65.5
1951 66.8 65.9
1952 67.2 66.1
1953 67.5 66.4
1954 67.8 66.7
1955 68.2 67.4
1956 68.5 67.1
1957 68.8 66.9
1958 68.8 68.4
1959 68.7 68.4
1960 69.3 68.8
1961 69.6 69.1
1962 69.8 68.4
1963 69.9 68.7
1964 70.6 68.8
1965 70.7 69.2
1966 70.7 68.9
1967 71 69.5
1968 70.6 70
1969 70.3 69.7
1970 70.4 69.2
1971 70.6 69.2
1972 70.4 70.5
1973 70.7 70.3
1974 70.8 70.2
1975 70.1 70.3
1976 69.7 70.2
1977 69.8 71.5
1978 69.7 71.5
1979 69.4 72.3
1980 69.5 72.4
1981 69.3 72.1
1982 69.9 72.2
1983 69.8 73
1984 69.6 72.7
1985 69.8 73.3
1986 70.9 74.1
1987 70.9 73.9
1988 71 74.3
1989 70.5 74.3
1990 69.9 75
1991 69.8 75
1992 69.2 74.7
1993 68.2 75.4
1994 66.7 75.9
1995 67.8 75.9
1996 70 76.2
1997 70.2 76.4
1998 69.8 76.6
1999 70.7 77
2000 71 77.3
2001 70.8 77.5
2002 71.4 77.6
2003 71.9 77.3
2004 72.4 78.7
2005 73 78.9
2006 73.2 78.8
2007 73.2 79.1
2008 74.3 80.1
2009 75.2 79.9
2010 75.9 80.1
2011 76.3 80.3
2012 76.4 80.4
2013 77.3 80.9
2014 77.1 81.2
2015 77.7 81.3
2016 77.8 81.6
2017 78.2 81.1
2018 78.3 81.5
2019 78.8 81.6
2020 78.9 81.4
2021 77.4 81.8
2022 78.2 82.2
2023 79.2 82.2
2024 79.3 82.4
2025 79.5 82.5

Estonia and Luxembourg population clocks and comparison

Population
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year Population
Estonia Luxembourg
1960 1,211,537 313,970
1961 1,225,077 316,845
1962 1,241,623 320,750
1963 1,258,857 324,100
1964 1,277,086 327,750
1965 1,294,566 331,500
1966 1,308,597 333,895
1967 1,318,946 334,995
1968 1,331,214 335,850
1969 1,345,249 337,500
1970 1,360,076 339,171
1971 1,376,955 342,421
1972 1,392,518 346,600
1973 1,405,951 350,450
1974 1,418,169 355,050
1975 1,429,352 358,950
1976 1,439,576 360,731
1977 1,450,211 361,358
1978 1,460,188 362,007
1979 1,468,333 362,856
1980 1,477,219 364,150
1981 1,487,666 365,225
1982 1,498,414 365,525
1983 1,508,745 365,622
1984 1,518,617 365,998
1985 1,528,781 366,706
1986 1,540,190 368,355
1987 1,552,221 370,750
1988 1,561,900 373,450
1989 1,568,131 377,100
1990 1,569,174 381,850
1991 1,561,314 387,000
1992 1,533,091 392,175
1993 1,494,128 397,475
1994 1,462,514 402,925
1995 1,436,634 408,625
1996 1,415,594 414,225
1997 1,399,535 419,450
1998 1,386,156 424,700
1999 1,390,244 430,475
2000 1,396,985 436,300
2001 1,388,115 441,525
2002 1,379,350 446,175
2003 1,370,720 451,630
2004 1,362,550 458,095
2005 1,354,775 465,158
2006 1,346,810 472,637
2007 1,340,680 479,993
2008 1,337,090 488,650
2009 1,334,515 497,783
2010 1,331,475 506,953
2011 1,327,439 518,347
2012 1,322,696 530,946
2013 1,317,997 543,360
2014 1,314,545 556,319
2015 1,315,407 569,604
2016 1,315,790 582,014
2017 1,317,384 596,336
2018 1,321,977 607,950
2019 1,326,898 620,001
2020 1,329,522 630,419
2021 1,330,932 640,064
2022 1,348,840 653,103
2023 1,370,286 666,430
2024 1,371,986 677,717

Fertility rates in Estonia and Luxembourg

Fertility rate
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year Fertility rate
Estonia Luxembourg
1960 1.98 2.29
1961 1.98 -
1962 1.95 2.37
1963 1.89 -
1964 1.94 2.34
1965 1.88 2.42
1966 1.87 2.34
1967 1.9 2.24
1968 2.03 2.12
1969 2.13 2.02
1970 2.17 1.97
1971 2.19 1.95
1972 2.13 1.75
1973 2.06 1.58
1974 2.07 1.58
1975 2.04 1.55
1976 2.07 1.48
1977 2.06 1.5
1978 2.02 1.48
1979 2 1.48
1980 2.02 1.5
1981 2.07 1.55
1982 2.07 1.49
1983 2.16 1.43
1984 2.17 1.42
1985 2.13 1.38
1986 2.18 1.43
1987 2.27 1.4
1988 2.27 1.51
1989 2.22 1.52
1990 2.05 1.6
1991 1.8 1.6
1992 1.71 1.64
1993 1.49 1.7
1994 1.42 1.72
1995 1.38 1.7
1996 1.37 1.77
1997 1.32 1.71
1998 1.28 1.68
1999 1.3 1.74
2000 1.36 1.76
2001 1.32 1.66
2002 1.36 1.63
2003 1.37 1.62
2004 1.47 1.66
2005 1.52 1.63
2006 1.58 1.65
2007 1.69 1.61
2008 1.72 1.61
2009 1.7 1.59
2010 1.72 1.63
2011 1.61 1.52
2012 1.56 1.57
2013 1.52 1.55
2014 1.54 1.5
2015 1.58 1.47
2016 1.6 1.41
2017 1.59 1.39
2018 1.67 1.38
2019 1.66 1.34
2020 1.58 1.36
2021 1.61 1.38
2022 1.41 1.31
2023 1.31 1.25

Estonia and Luxembourg demographics compared

Median age
Estonia

Luxembourg
Year Median age, years
Estonia Luxembourg
1960 32.2 35.1
1961 32.4 35.1
1962 32.5 35.1
1963 32.7 35.1
1964 32.8 35.2
1965 33 35.2
1966 33.2 35.2
1967 33.4 35.2
1968 33.6 35.3
1969 33.7 35.3
1970 33.7 35.3
1971 33.8 35.3
1972 33.9 35.1
1973 34.1 35.1
1974 34.2 35
1975 34.2 35
1976 34.3 34.9
1977 34.3 34.8
1978 34.2 34.8
1979 34 34.8
1980 33.9 34.9
1981 33.8 35
1982 33.8 35.2
1983 33.9 35.4
1984 33.9 35.6
1985 33.9 35.8
1986 34 36
1987 34 36.1
1988 34.1 36.2
1989 34.2 36.3
1990 34.3 36.4
1991 34.6 36.4
1992 35 36.5
1993 35.6 36.5
1994 36 36.6
1995 36.3 36.7
1996 36.7 36.8
1997 37 37
1998 37.3 37.1
1999 37.6 37.3
2000 38 37.3
2001 38.3 37.3
2002 38.5 37.6
2003 38.8 37.8
2004 39.1 38
2005 39.3 38.2
2006 39.6 38.4
2007 39.7 38.5
2008 39.8 38.7
2009 40 38.8
2010 40.3 38.9
2011 40.6 39
2012 40.9 39.1
2013 41.1 39.1
2014 41.4 39.2
2015 41.5 39.3
2016 41.7 39.3
2017 41.9 39.4
2018 42 39.5
2019 42.2 39.5
2020 42.4 39.6
2021 42.5 39.7
2022 42.7 39.7
2023 42.9 39.9
2024 43.3 40.2

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and Luxembourg.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Estonia Luxembourg
GNI, Atlas method
$39.4B
2024
$62B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.4%
2025
48.2%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
5.21%
2022
3.71%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.87%
2023
0.75%
2023
Armed forces personnel
7,000
2020
1,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.69%
2025
-0.78%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.5%
2024
6.42%
2024
Services, % of GDP
65.1%
2024
81.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
20.5%
2024
9.01%
2024
Economic freedom index
78.9
2025
79.5
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.7%
2023
25%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2023
2.8%
2023
Number of billionaires
2
2025
1
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.0002%
2025
0.0002%
2025
Listed domestic companies
14
2003
28
2024
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$41.9B
2024
Total reserves including gold
$2.07B
2024
$2.79B
2024
Personal remittances received
$496M
2024
$2.45B
2024
International tourist arrivals
1,695,000
2020
525,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
3.98%
2020
2.98%
2020
Banked people share
98.9%
2024
98.8%
2017

Energy

Estonia Luxembourg
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
3,089 kg
2023
4,592 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$15.1
2023
$31
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
11.4 megatons
2023
7.01 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
8.35 tons
2023
10.5 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
60.9%
2023
70.4%
2023
Renewable energy use share
38%
2021
20.5%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
2.9%
2023
2.55%
2023
Net energy imports use share
3.77%
2023
109.6%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
5,722 kWh
2023
11,428 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
40%
2021
89%
2021
Hydroelectric share
0.42%
2023
48.8%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
0%
2021
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Estonia Luxembourg
% of world population
0.02%
2024
0.008%
2024
Annual migration change
-7,742
2024
+5,677
2024
Urban population
70%
2024
92.3%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
6 ft
2025
5.86 ft
2025
Average female height
5.53 ft
2025
5.42 ft
2025
Quality of life index
82
2025
93.1
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
76
2024
81
2024
Higher education index
81
2025
79
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.54
2023
1.54
2022
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
4.5
2019
4.1
2019
Visa free countries
173
2025
175
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.9%
2021
100%
2000
English speaking
50.2%
2023
57%
2023
People using the Internet
92.2%
2024
98.8%
2024

Health

Estonia Luxembourg
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,999
2022
$7,505
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$463
2022
$654
2023
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
82.5 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
1.07%
2023
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.44
2021
2.99
2017
Age at first childbirth
28.7 years
2023
31.4 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
5
2023
11
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
2.1
2023
2.3
2023
Obesity rate
22.8%
2022
18.9%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
6.9%
2024
5.8%
2024
Air quality index
95
2025
81
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
28.3%
2022
23%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
10.7 liters
2020
10.8 liters
2020

Territory

Estonia Luxembourg
% of world land
0.03%
2025
0.002%
2025
Land area per capita
12,025 sq mi
2024
1,467 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
3,815 sq mi
2025
514 sq mi
2025
Forest area
9,415 sq mi
2025
342 sq mi
2025
Roads length n/a
1,786 mi
2019

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Facts comparisons

Facts vs Estonia vs Luxembourg
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