Luxembourg has a population of 677K (ranked 164/197), compared with 19.1M in Romania (ranked 67/197). Luxembourg's land area is 994 sq mi versus 88,834 sq mi for Romania (ranked 169th vs. 80th).
By GDP, Luxembourg ranks 74/197 ($93.3B) and Romania ranks 42/197 ($383B). By GDP per capita, Luxembourg ranks 3/197 ($137,782), while Romania ranks 58/197 ($20,080).
Main facts and rankings
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
693885
|
18839108
|
| Population rank | 164/197 | 70/197 |
| GDP |
$93.3B
2024 |
$383B
2024 |
| GDP rank | 74/197 | 42/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$137,782
2024 |
$20,080
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank | 3/197 | 58/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$155,941
2024 |
$49,077
2024 |
| Government debt |
$24.5B
2024 |
$220B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
26.3%
2024 |
57.4%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$36,221
2024 |
$11,533
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | 19/185 | 48/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$69,593
2026 |
$13,912
2026 |
| Land area | 994 sq mi | 88,834 sq mi |
| Population density |
696 ppl/mi²
2026 |
212.1 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
1.25
2023 |
1.71
2023 |
| Median age |
40.2 years
2024 |
43.8 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
82.6 years
2026 |
76.4 years
2026 |
Luxembourg and Romania: Comparison Charts
Luxembourg and Romania economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | $93,279,851,863 | $382,564,217,989 |
| 2023 | $88,788,881,539 | $347,757,995,759 |
| 2022 | $80,801,680,397 | $295,319,437,557 |
| 2021 | $86,386,759,695 | $285,071,280,114 |
| 2020 | $73,670,782,100 | $250,625,048,304 |
| 2019 | $69,872,035,114 | $250,080,428,512 |
| 2018 | $71,085,623,495 | $241,791,427,224 |
| 2017 | $65,712,180,343 | $210,147,385,855 |
| 2016 | $62,216,885,436 | $185,290,759,249 |
| 2015 | $60,071,584,216 | $177,885,131,240 |
| 2014 | $68,804,811,898 | $199,722,319,676 |
| 2013 | $65,203,276,467 | $189,798,603,751 |
| 2012 | $59,776,383,527 | $179,117,323,107 |
| 2011 | $61,696,281,326 | $192,623,977,894 |
| 2010 | $56,213,985,987 | $170,064,350,672 |
| 2009 | $54,467,289,898 | $174,110,532,659 |
| 2008 | $58,844,277,702 | $214,315,932,061 |
| 2007 | $51,587,401,416 | $174,588,782,939 |
| 2006 | $42,910,146,296 | $122,023,735,993 |
| 2005 | $37,672,280,120 | $98,454,380,120 |
| 2004 | $35,064,843,793 | $74,973,656,852 |
| 2003 | $29,667,268,248 | $57,806,384,143 |
| 2002 | $23,649,833,332 | $46,065,502,703 |
| 2001 | $21,387,533,703 | $40,395,116,581 |
| 2000 | $21,230,182,989 | $37,253,739,511 |
| 1999 | $21,899,317,599 | $35,953,156,754 |
| 1998 | $20,150,053,345 | $41,696,091,974 |
| 1997 | $19,563,836,265 | $35,575,214,078 |
| 1996 | $20,895,314,658 | $36,937,074,278 |
| 1995 | $20,853,093,870 | $37,430,162,103 |
| 1994 | $17,701,798,891 | $30,072,805,104 |
| 1993 | $15,925,521,222 | $26,361,160,450 |
| 1992 | $15,518,702,635 | $25,121,666,667 |
| 1991 | $13,834,219,728 | $28,850,634,900 |
| 1990 | $12,778,792,854 | $38,247,882,300 |
| 1989 | $10,037,674,038 | $41,450,777,202 |
| 1988 | $9,418,167,855 | $40,424,528,302 |
| 1987 | $8,320,902,215 | $38,067,567,568 |
| 1986 | $6,685,595,088 | - |
| 1985 | $4,577,211,767 | - |
| 1984 | $4,438,435,493 | - |
| 1983 | $4,524,217,751 | - |
| 1982 | $4,602,316,793 | - |
| 1981 | $5,053,665,797 | - |
| 1980 | $6,019,805,490 | - |
| 1979 | $5,516,982,664 | - |
| 1978 | $4,718,539,772 | - |
| 1977 | $3,789,321,328 | - |
| 1976 | $3,423,586,207 | - |
| 1975 | $3,123,333,333 | - |
| 1974 | $3,183,637,117 | - |
| 1973 | $2,609,875,802 | - |
| 1972 | $1,901,697,370 | - |
| 1971 | $1,518,773,421 | - |
| 1970 | $1,457,768,455 | - |
| 1969 | $1,245,432,991 | - |
| 1968 | $1,075,561,623 | - |
| 1967 | $983,052,315 | - |
| 1966 | $976,717,015 | - |
| 1965 | $929,477,285 | - |
| 1964 | $910,877,686 | - |
| 1963 | $797,902,154 | - |
| 1962 | $747,846,862 | - |
| 1961 | $710,163,719 | - |
| 1960 | $709,941,874 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY 
Luxembourg and Romania economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | $137,782 | $20,080 |
| 2023 | $133,231 | $18,244 |
| 2022 | $123,720 | $15,504 |
| 2021 | $134,966 | $14,908 |
| 2020 | $116,860 | $13,009 |
| 2019 | $112,697 | $12,910 |
| 2018 | $116,927 | $12,416 |
| 2017 | $110,193 | $10,728 |
| 2016 | $106,899 | $9,405 |
| 2015 | $105,462 | $8,977 |
| 2014 | $123,679 | $10,032 |
| 2013 | $120,000 | $9,498 |
| 2012 | $112,585 | $8,930 |
| 2011 | $119,025 | $9,561 |
| 2010 | $110,886 | $8,400 |
| 2009 | $109,420 | $8,548 |
| 2008 | $120,422 | $10,435 |
| 2007 | $107,475 | $8,360 |
| 2006 | $90,789 | $5,758 |
| 2005 | $80,988 | $4,618 |
| 2004 | $76,545 | $3,495 |
| 2003 | $65,689 | $2,679 |
| 2002 | $53,006 | $2,120 |
| 2001 | $48,440 | $1,825 |
| 2000 | $48,660 | $1,660 |
| 1999 | $50,872 | $1,600 |
| 1998 | $47,445 | $1,853 |
| 1997 | $46,642 | $1,577 |
| 1996 | $50,444 | $1,633 |
| 1995 | $51,032 | $1,650 |
| 1994 | $43,933 | $1,323 |
| 1993 | $40,067 | $1,158 |
| 1992 | $39,571 | $1,102 |
| 1991 | $35,747 | $1,254 |
| 1990 | $33,465 | $1,648 |
| 1989 | $26,618 | $1,790 |
| 1988 | $25,219 | $1,753 |
| 1987 | $22,443 | $1,659 |
| 1986 | $18,150 | - |
| 1985 | $12,482 | - |
| 1984 | $12,127 | - |
| 1983 | $12,374 | - |
| 1982 | $12,591 | - |
| 1981 | $13,837 | - |
| 1980 | $16,531 | - |
| 1979 | $15,204 | - |
| 1978 | $13,034 | - |
| 1977 | $10,486 | - |
| 1976 | $9,491 | - |
| 1975 | $8,701 | - |
| 1974 | $8,967 | - |
| 1973 | $7,447 | - |
| 1972 | $5,487 | - |
| 1971 | $4,435 | - |
| 1970 | $4,298 | - |
| 1969 | $3,690 | - |
| 1968 | $3,203 | - |
| 1967 | $2,935 | - |
| 1966 | $2,925 | - |
| 1965 | $2,804 | - |
| 1964 | $2,779 | - |
| 1963 | $2,462 | - |
| 1962 | $2,332 | - |
| 1961 | $2,241 | - |
| 1960 | $2,261 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY
Luxembourg vs. Romania life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2026 | 82.6 | 76.4 |
| 2025 | 82.5 | 76.2 |
| 2024 | 82.4 | 76.1 |
| 2023 | 82.2 | 75.9 |
| 2022 | 82.2 | 75.3 |
| 2021 | 81.8 | 72.7 |
| 2020 | 81.4 | 74 |
| 2019 | 81.6 | 75.3 |
| 2018 | 81.5 | 75.1 |
| 2017 | 81.1 | 75 |
| 2016 | 81.6 | 75 |
| 2015 | 81.3 | 74.7 |
| 2014 | 81.2 | 74.8 |
| 2013 | 80.9 | 74.9 |
| 2012 | 80.4 | 74.3 |
| 2011 | 80.3 | 74.3 |
| 2010 | 80.1 | 73.6 |
| 2009 | 79.9 | 73.5 |
| 2008 | 80.1 | 73.2 |
| 2007 | 79.1 | 72.8 |
| 2006 | 78.8 | 72.2 |
| 2005 | 78.9 | 71.6 |
| 2004 | 78.7 | 71.1 |
| 2003 | 77.3 | 70.8 |
| 2002 | 77.6 | 70.8 |
| 2001 | 77.5 | 71.1 |
| 2000 | 77.3 | 71.2 |
| 1999 | 77 | 70.6 |
| 1998 | 76.6 | 69.9 |
| 1997 | 76.4 | 69.1 |
| 1996 | 76.2 | 68.8 |
| 1995 | 75.9 | 69.3 |
| 1994 | 75.9 | 69.3 |
| 1993 | 75.4 | 69.5 |
| 1992 | 74.7 | 69.5 |
| 1991 | 75 | 70 |
| 1990 | 75 | 69.8 |
| 1989 | 74.3 | 69.5 |
| 1988 | 74.3 | 69.4 |
| 1987 | 73.9 | 69.1 |
| 1986 | 74.1 | 69.7 |
| 1985 | 73.3 | 69.4 |
| 1984 | 72.7 | 69.9 |
| 1983 | 73 | 69.8 |
| 1982 | 72.2 | 69.8 |
| 1981 | 72.1 | 69.5 |
| 1980 | 72.4 | 69.2 |
| 1979 | 72.3 | 69.5 |
| 1978 | 71.5 | 69.8 |
| 1977 | 71.5 | 69.5 |
| 1976 | 70.2 | 69.9 |
| 1975 | 70.3 | 69.6 |
| 1974 | 70.2 | 69.5 |
| 1973 | 70.3 | 68.7 |
| 1972 | 70.5 | 69 |
| 1971 | 69.2 | 68.4 |
| 1970 | 69.2 | 67.9 |
| 1969 | 69.7 | 67.2 |
| 1968 | 70 | 67.9 |
| 1967 | 69.5 | 68.1 |
| 1966 | 68.9 | 68.2 |
| 1965 | 69.2 | 68.4 |
| 1964 | 68.8 | 68.4 |
| 1963 | 68.7 | 67.8 |
| 1962 | 68.4 | 67.2 |
| 1961 | 69.1 | 66.4 |
| 1960 | 68.8 | 65.6 |
| 1959 | 68.4 | 64.9 |
| 1958 | 68.4 | 64.4 |
| 1957 | 66.9 | 64 |
| 1956 | 67.1 | 63.6 |
| 1955 | 67.4 | 63.3 |
| 1954 | 66.7 | 63 |
| 1953 | 66.4 | 62.5 |
| 1952 | 66.1 | 61.8 |
| 1951 | 65.9 | 61.2 |
| 1950 | 65.5 | 60.5 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY
Luxembourg and Romania population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | 677,012 | 19,051,804 |
| 2023 | 666,430 | 19,061,062 |
| 2022 | 653,103 | 19,048,502 |
| 2021 | 640,064 | 19,122,059 |
| 2020 | 630,419 | 19,265,250 |
| 2019 | 620,001 | 19,371,648 |
| 2018 | 607,950 | 19,473,970 |
| 2017 | 596,336 | 19,588,715 |
| 2016 | 582,014 | 19,702,267 |
| 2015 | 569,604 | 19,815,616 |
| 2014 | 556,319 | 19,908,979 |
| 2013 | 543,360 | 19,983,693 |
| 2012 | 530,946 | 20,058,035 |
| 2011 | 518,347 | 20,147,528 |
| 2010 | 506,953 | 20,246,871 |
| 2009 | 497,783 | 20,367,487 |
| 2008 | 488,650 | 20,537,875 |
| 2007 | 479,993 | 20,882,982 |
| 2006 | 472,637 | 21,193,760 |
| 2005 | 465,158 | 21,319,685 |
| 2004 | 458,095 | 21,451,748 |
| 2003 | 451,630 | 21,574,326 |
| 2002 | 446,175 | 21,730,496 |
| 2001 | 441,525 | 22,131,970 |
| 2000 | 436,300 | 22,442,971 |
| 1999 | 430,475 | 22,472,040 |
| 1998 | 424,700 | 22,507,344 |
| 1997 | 419,450 | 22,553,978 |
| 1996 | 414,225 | 22,619,004 |
| 1995 | 408,625 | 22,684,270 |
| 1994 | 402,925 | 22,730,211 |
| 1993 | 397,475 | 22,763,280 |
| 1992 | 392,175 | 22,794,284 |
| 1991 | 387,000 | 23,001,155 |
| 1990 | 381,850 | 23,201,835 |
| 1989 | 377,100 | 23,161,458 |
| 1988 | 373,450 | 23,057,662 |
| 1987 | 370,750 | 22,949,430 |
| 1986 | 368,355 | 22,836,841 |
| 1985 | 366,706 | 22,732,999 |
| 1984 | 365,998 | 22,640,547 |
| 1983 | 365,622 | 22,560,478 |
| 1982 | 365,525 | 22,475,741 |
| 1981 | 365,225 | 22,353,070 |
| 1980 | 364,150 | 22,207,282 |
| 1979 | 362,856 | 22,090,488 |
| 1978 | 362,007 | 21,951,464 |
| 1977 | 361,358 | 21,756,096 |
| 1976 | 360,731 | 21,551,634 |
| 1975 | 358,950 | 21,293,583 |
| 1974 | 355,050 | 21,029,429 |
| 1973 | 350,450 | 20,835,681 |
| 1972 | 346,600 | 20,657,957 |
| 1971 | 342,421 | 20,461,567 |
| 1970 | 339,171 | 20,250,398 |
| 1969 | 337,500 | 20,009,141 |
| 1968 | 335,850 | 19,799,831 |
| 1967 | 334,995 | 19,534,242 |
| 1966 | 333,895 | 19,215,450 |
| 1965 | 331,500 | 19,031,576 |
| 1964 | 327,750 | 18,919,126 |
| 1963 | 324,100 | 18,797,850 |
| 1962 | 320,750 | 18,676,550 |
| 1961 | 316,845 | 18,555,250 |
| 1960 | 313,970 | 18,406,905 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY
Fertility rates in Luxembourg and Romania
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2023 | 1.25 | 1.71 |
| 2022 | 1.31 | 1.71 |
| 2021 | 1.38 | 1.81 |
| 2020 | 1.36 | 1.8 |
| 2019 | 1.34 | 1.77 |
| 2018 | 1.38 | 1.76 |
| 2017 | 1.39 | 1.78 |
| 2016 | 1.41 | 1.69 |
| 2015 | 1.47 | 1.62 |
| 2014 | 1.5 | 1.56 |
| 2013 | 1.55 | 1.46 |
| 2012 | 1.57 | 1.52 |
| 2011 | 1.52 | 1.47 |
| 2010 | 1.63 | 1.59 |
| 2009 | 1.59 | 1.66 |
| 2008 | 1.61 | 1.6 |
| 2007 | 1.61 | 1.45 |
| 2006 | 1.65 | 1.42 |
| 2005 | 1.63 | 1.4 |
| 2004 | 1.66 | 1.33 |
| 2003 | 1.62 | 1.3 |
| 2002 | 1.63 | 1.27 |
| 2001 | 1.66 | 1.27 |
| 2000 | 1.76 | 1.31 |
| 1999 | 1.74 | 1.3 |
| 1998 | 1.68 | 1.32 |
| 1997 | 1.71 | 1.32 |
| 1996 | 1.77 | 1.3 |
| 1995 | 1.7 | 1.33 |
| 1994 | 1.72 | 1.4 |
| 1993 | 1.7 | 1.43 |
| 1992 | 1.64 | 1.51 |
| 1991 | 1.6 | 1.59 |
| 1990 | 1.6 | 1.83 |
| 1989 | 1.52 | 2.22 |
| 1988 | 1.51 | 2.3 |
| 1987 | 1.4 | 2.38 |
| 1986 | 1.43 | 2.39 |
| 1985 | 1.38 | 2.31 |
| 1984 | 1.42 | 2.26 |
| 1983 | 1.43 | 2.06 |
| 1982 | 1.49 | 2.17 |
| 1981 | 1.55 | 2.36 |
| 1980 | 1.5 | 2.43 |
| 1979 | 1.48 | 2.49 |
| 1978 | 1.48 | 2.52 |
| 1977 | 1.5 | 2.57 |
| 1976 | 1.48 | 2.54 |
| 1975 | 1.55 | 2.59 |
| 1974 | 1.58 | 2.71 |
| 1973 | 1.58 | 2.44 |
| 1972 | 1.75 | 2.55 |
| 1971 | 1.95 | 2.67 |
| 1970 | 1.97 | 2.89 |
| 1969 | 2.02 | 3.19 |
| 1968 | 2.12 | 3.63 |
| 1967 | 2.24 | 3.66 |
| 1966 | 2.34 | 1.9 |
| 1965 | 2.42 | 1.91 |
| 1964 | 2.34 | 1.96 |
| 1963 | - | 2.01 |
| 1962 | 2.37 | 2.04 |
| 1961 | - | 2.17 |
| 1960 | 2.29 | 2.34 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY
Luxembourg and Romania demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | 40.2 | 43.8 |
| 2023 | 39.9 | 43.5 |
| 2022 | 39.7 | 43.3 |
| 2021 | 39.7 | 43.2 |
| 2020 | 39.6 | 42.9 |
| 2019 | 39.5 | 42.6 |
| 2018 | 39.5 | 42.3 |
| 2017 | 39.4 | 42 |
| 2016 | 39.3 | 41.7 |
| 2015 | 39.3 | 41.3 |
| 2014 | 39.2 | 40.9 |
| 2013 | 39.1 | 40.5 |
| 2012 | 39.1 | 40.2 |
| 2011 | 39 | 39.8 |
| 2010 | 38.9 | 39.3 |
| 2009 | 38.8 | 38.8 |
| 2008 | 38.7 | 38.2 |
| 2007 | 38.5 | 37.7 |
| 2006 | 38.4 | 37.3 |
| 2005 | 38.2 | 37 |
| 2004 | 38 | 36.6 |
| 2003 | 37.8 | 36 |
| 2002 | 37.6 | 35.3 |
| 2001 | 37.3 | 34.8 |
| 2000 | 37.3 | 34.8 |
| 1999 | 37.3 | 34.7 |
| 1998 | 37.1 | 34.6 |
| 1997 | 37 | 34.4 |
| 1996 | 36.8 | 34.2 |
| 1995 | 36.7 | 34 |
| 1994 | 36.6 | 33.8 |
| 1993 | 36.5 | 33.6 |
| 1992 | 36.5 | 33.3 |
| 1991 | 36.4 | 33.1 |
| 1990 | 36.4 | 33 |
| 1989 | 36.3 | 32.9 |
| 1988 | 36.2 | 32.8 |
| 1987 | 36.1 | 32.8 |
| 1986 | 36 | 32.7 |
| 1985 | 35.8 | 32.5 |
| 1984 | 35.6 | 32.3 |
| 1983 | 35.4 | 32.1 |
| 1982 | 35.2 | 32 |
| 1981 | 35 | 31.9 |
| 1980 | 34.9 | 31.8 |
| 1979 | 34.8 | 31.7 |
| 1978 | 34.8 | 31.7 |
| 1977 | 34.8 | 31.8 |
| 1976 | 34.9 | 31.8 |
| 1975 | 35 | 31.7 |
| 1974 | 35 | 31.6 |
| 1973 | 35.1 | 31.5 |
| 1972 | 35.1 | 31.5 |
| 1971 | 35.3 | 31.4 |
| 1970 | 35.3 | 31.4 |
| 1969 | 35.3 | 31.3 |
| 1968 | 35.3 | 31.3 |
| 1967 | 35.2 | 31.3 |
| 1966 | 35.2 | 31 |
| 1965 | 35.2 | 30.6 |
| 1964 | 35.2 | 30.2 |
| 1963 | 35.1 | 29.7 |
| 1962 | 35.1 | 29.3 |
| 1961 | 35.1 | 28.9 |
| 1960 | 35.1 | 28.5 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/luxembourg/romania | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Luxembourg and Romania.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$57.3B
2024 |
$335B
2024 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
46.9%
2024 |
39.9%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
3.71%
2022 |
3.28%
2022 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.96%
2024 |
2.3%
2024 |
| Armed forces personnel |
1,000
2020 |
128,000
2020 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
+1.03%
2024 |
-8.68%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
6.42%
2024 |
5.43%
2024 |
| Services, % of GDP |
81.2%
2024 |
62.6%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
9.66%
2024 |
25.3%
2024 |
| Economic freedom index |
79.7
2026 |
65.4
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
25%
2023 |
21.8%
2023 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.8%
2023 |
2.4%
2023 |
| Number of billionaires |
1
2025 |
6
2025 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.0002%
2025 |
0.00004%
2025 |
| Listed domestic companies |
28
2024 |
83
2024 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$41.9B
2024 |
$47.4B
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.79B
2024 |
$73.4B
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$2.5B
2024 |
$9.53B
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
525,000
2020 |
5,023,000
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
2.97%
2020 |
1.73%
2020 |
| Banked people share |
98.8%
2017 |
71.3%
2024 |
Energy
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
4,592 kg
2023 |
1,601 kg
2023 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$32.8
2023 |
$28.7
2023 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
7.15 megatons
2024 |
70.9 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
10.6 tons
2024 |
3.72 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
70.4%
2023 |
70.4%
2022 |
| Renewable energy use share |
20.5%
2021 |
23.6%
2021 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
2.55%
2023 |
17.5%
2023 |
| Net energy imports use share |
109.6%
2023 |
28.1%
2023 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
11,428 kWh
2023 |
2,585 kWh
2023 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
89%
2021 |
44.9%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
48.8%
2023 |
32.2%
2023 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
19.3%
2023 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.008%
2024 |
0.23%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
+5,237
2025 |
-29,041
2025 |
| Urban population |
94.8%
2024 |
52.2%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
50.3:49.7
2024 |
48.4:51.6
2024 |
| Average male height |
5.86 ft
2025 |
5.83 ft
2025 |
| Average female height |
5.42 ft
2025 |
5.4 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
94.2
2026 |
71.2
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
78
2025 |
45
2025 |
| Higher education index |
79
2026 |
69
2026 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.54
2022 |
1.12
2024 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
4.1
2019 |
10.3
2019 |
| Visa free countries |
172
2025 |
170
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
100%
2000 |
99.2%
2021 |
| English speaking |
57%
2023 |
31%
2023 |
| People using the Internet |
98.8%
2024 |
91.3%
2024 |
Health
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$8,170
2024 |
$1,051
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$695
2024 |
$241.3
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
82.6 years
2026 |
76.4 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
1.24%
2024 |
0%
2023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
2.98
2017 |
3.63
2022 |
| Age at first childbirth |
31.4 years
2023 |
27.1 years
2023 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
11
2023 |
12
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
2.3
2023 |
6.6
2023 |
| Obesity rate |
18.9%
2022 |
35%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
5.8%
2024 |
7.5%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
81
2026 |
50
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
23%
2022 |
30%
2022 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
10.8 liters
2020 |
16.8 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
Luxembourg
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.002%
2026 |
0.15%
2026 |
| Land area per capita |
1,468 sq mi
2024 |
4,663 sq mi
2024 |
| Agricultural land area |
514 sq mi
2026 |
49,093 sq mi
2026 |
| Forest area |
342 sq mi
2026 |
26,753 sq mi
2026 |
| Roads length |
1,786 mi
2019 |
53,964 mi
2024 |
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.