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Estonia vs Germany statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 83.5M in Germany (ranked 19/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 134,916 sq mi for Germany (ranked 129th vs. 63rd).

By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and Germany ranks 3/197 ($4.66T). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while Germany ranks 18/197 ($55,800).

Main facts and rankings

Estonia Germany
Population
1355535
83039665
Population rank 155/197 19/197
GDP
$42.8B
2024
$4.66T
2024
GDP rank 102/197 3/197
GDP per capita
$31,170
2024
$55,800
2024
GDP per capita rank 40/197 18/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,334
2024
$72,300
2024
Government debt
$10.1B
2024
$2.98T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
65.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,362
2024
$35,650
2024
Government debt per person rank 66/185 21/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,368
2025
$39,481
2025
Land area
16,498 sq mi
2025
134,916 sq mi
2025
Population density
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
619 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.31
2023
1.39
2023
Median age
43.3 years
2024
46.3 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
81.7 years
2025

Estonia and Germany: Comparison Charts

Estonia and Germany economies compared

GDP
Estonia

Germany
Year GDP
Estonia Germany
1960 - $84,619,845,881
1961 - $96,558,204,043
1962 - $105,895,435,234
1963 - $112,232,503,744
1964 - $123,330,404,665
1965 - $134,774,688,191
1966 - $143,304,275,684
1967 - $145,100,667,773
1968 - $156,527,292,653
1969 - $177,733,486,326
1970 - $216,629,229,947
1971 - $250,900,942,397
1972 - $300,899,944,795
1973 - $399,833,571,167
1974 - $446,934,971,657
1975 - $492,434,094,920
1976 - $521,658,712,133
1977 - $602,698,323,086
1978 - $743,182,891,918
1979 - $884,574,218,333
1980 - $953,772,499,462
1981 - $803,404,797,058
1982 - $779,421,633,755
1983 - $773,507,930,295
1984 - $727,767,760,979
1985 - $735,218,723,093
1986 - $1,050,092,624,516
1987 - $1,302,932,318,825
1988 - $1,406,367,016,372
1989 - $1,404,092,925,205
1990 - $1,778,162,195,860
1991 - $1,875,792,575,133
1992 - $2,141,377,582,968
1993 $4,013,091,682 $2,078,954,217,438
1994 $4,123,011,420 $2,215,282,632,277
1995 $4,502,970,889 $2,593,053,091,306
1996 $4,786,018,988 $2,506,576,553,158
1997 $5,154,420,649 $2,218,790,886,533
1998 $5,674,080,543 $2,247,760,364,566
1999 $5,756,912,266 $2,213,873,468,587
2000 $5,686,579,748 $1,966,980,701,145
2001 $6,250,218,423 $1,966,381,496,642
2002 $7,370,119,619 $2,102,350,798,306
2003 $9,876,595,528 $2,534,715,518,349
2004 $12,148,595,031 $2,852,317,768,062
2005 $14,109,491,357 $2,893,393,187,362
2006 $17,025,671,810 $3,046,308,753,671
2007 $22,450,264,166 $3,484,056,680,855
2008 $24,342,935,404 $3,808,786,022,313
2009 $19,633,984,440 $3,479,800,820,863
2010 $19,524,355,419 $3,468,154,343,000
2011 $23,303,915,795 $3,824,828,563,521
2012 $23,237,406,116 $3,597,896,500,945
2013 $25,451,032,781 $3,808,086,291,482
2014 $27,055,689,003 $3,965,800,686,310
2015 $23,311,847,751 $3,423,568,450,957
2016 $24,561,027,788 $3,537,784,107,981
2017 $27,469,461,919 $3,763,092,263,753
2018 $31,222,632,741 $4,052,008,447,224
2019 $31,873,748,770 $3,957,208,055,216
2020 $31,820,771,494 $3,940,142,541,354
2021 $37,204,563,051 $4,348,297,440,388
2022 $38,376,046,175 $4,163,596,357,879
2023 $41,291,245,222 $4,525,703,903,628
2024 $42,764,929,169 $4,659,929,336,891

Estonia and Germany economies compared

GDP per capita
Estonia

Germany
Year GDP per capita
Estonia Germany
1960 - $1,162
1961 - $1,316
1962 - $1,431
1963 - $1,502
1964 - $1,637
1965 - $1,774
1966 - $1,871
1967 - $1,886
1968 - $2,025
1969 - $2,281
1970 - $2,771
1971 - $3,204
1972 - $3,824
1973 - $5,065
1974 - $5,660
1975 - $6,259
1976 - $6,659
1977 - $7,711
1978 - $9,517
1979 - $11,322
1980 - $12,183
1981 - $10,246
1982 - $9,950
1983 - $9,900
1984 - $9,347
1985 - $9,464
1986 - $13,511
1987 - $16,739
1988 - $17,997
1989 - $17,829
1990 - $22,386
1991 - $23,443
1992 - $26,560
1993 $2,686 $25,617
1994 $2,819 $27,202
1995 $3,134 $31,747
1996 $3,381 $30,600
1997 $3,683 $27,047
1998 $4,093 $27,396
1999 $4,141 $26,965
2000 $4,071 $23,926
2001 $4,503 $23,878
2002 $5,343 $25,487
2003 $7,205 $30,711
2004 $8,916 $34,567
2005 $10,415 $35,084
2006 $12,641 $36,980
2007 $16,745 $42,351
2008 $18,206 $46,386
2009 $14,712 $42,487
2010 $14,664 $42,410
2011 $17,556 $47,647
2012 $17,568 $44,736
2013 $19,310 $47,220
2014 $20,582 $48,971
2015 $17,722 $41,911
2016 $18,666 $42,961
2017 $20,852 $45,527
2018 $23,618 $48,875
2019 $24,021 $47,624
2020 $23,934 $47,380
2021 $27,954 $52,266
2022 $28,451 $49,686
2023 $30,133 $53,940
2024 $31,170 $55,800

Estonia vs. Germany life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Estonia

Germany
Year Life expectancy, years
Estonia Germany
1950 66.4 66.8
1951 66.8 67.1
1952 67.2 67.5
1953 67.5 67.8
1954 67.8 68.1
1955 68.2 68.3
1956 68.5 68.6
1957 68.8 68.5
1958 68.8 69.2
1959 68.7 69.3
1960 69.3 69.3
1961 69.6 69.8
1962 69.8 70
1963 69.9 70.1
1964 70.6 70.6
1965 70.7 70.6
1966 70.7 70.7
1967 71 71
1968 70.6 70.6
1969 70.3 70.5
1970 70.4 70.7
1971 70.6 70.9
1972 70.4 71.1
1973 70.7 71.4
1974 70.8 71.7
1975 70.1 71.5
1976 69.7 72
1977 69.8 72.6
1978 69.7 72.6
1979 69.4 72.9
1980 69.5 73.1
1981 69.3 73.3
1982 69.9 73.6
1983 69.8 73.9
1984 69.6 74.4
1985 69.8 74.5
1986 70.9 74.7
1987 70.9 75.1
1988 71 75.3
1989 70.5 75.5
1990 69.9 75.3
1991 69.8 75.6
1992 69.2 76
1993 68.2 76.1
1994 66.7 76.4
1995 67.8 76.6
1996 70 76.8
1997 70.2 77.2
1998 69.8 77.6
1999 70.7 77.8
2000 71 78.1
2001 70.8 78.4
2002 71.4 78.5
2003 71.9 78.5
2004 72.4 79.1
2005 73 79.3
2006 73.2 79.6
2007 73.2 79.7
2008 74.3 79.8
2009 75.2 79.9
2010 75.9 80.1
2011 76.3 80.4
2012 76.4 80.5
2013 77.3 80.5
2014 77.1 80.9
2015 77.7 80.6
2016 77.8 80.8
2017 78.2 80.9
2018 78.3 80.9
2019 78.8 81.2
2020 78.9 81
2021 77.4 81.1
2022 78.2 80.6
2023 79.2 81.4
2024 79.3 81.5
2025 79.5 81.7

Estonia and Germany population clocks and comparison

Population
Estonia

Germany
Year Population
Estonia Germany
1960 1,211,537 72,814,900
1961 1,225,077 73,377,632
1962 1,241,623 74,025,784
1963 1,258,857 74,714,353
1964 1,277,086 75,318,337
1965 1,294,566 75,963,695
1966 1,308,597 76,600,311
1967 1,318,946 76,951,336
1968 1,331,214 77,294,314
1969 1,345,249 77,909,682
1970 1,360,076 78,169,289
1971 1,376,955 78,312,842
1972 1,392,518 78,688,452
1973 1,405,951 78,936,666
1974 1,418,169 78,967,433
1975 1,429,352 78,673,554
1976 1,439,576 78,336,950
1977 1,450,211 78,159,814
1978 1,460,188 78,091,820
1979 1,468,333 78,126,350
1980 1,477,219 78,288,576
1981 1,487,666 78,407,907
1982 1,498,414 78,333,366
1983 1,508,745 78,128,282
1984 1,518,617 77,858,685
1985 1,528,781 77,684,873
1986 1,540,190 77,720,436
1987 1,552,221 77,839,920
1988 1,561,900 78,144,619
1989 1,568,131 78,751,283
1990 1,569,174 79,433,029
1991 1,561,314 80,013,896
1992 1,533,091 80,624,598
1993 1,494,128 81,156,363
1994 1,462,514 81,438,348
1995 1,436,634 81,678,051
1996 1,415,594 81,914,831
1997 1,399,535 82,034,771
1998 1,386,156 82,047,195
1999 1,390,244 82,100,243
2000 1,396,985 82,211,508
2001 1,388,115 82,349,925
2002 1,379,350 82,488,495
2003 1,370,720 82,534,176
2004 1,362,550 82,516,260
2005 1,354,775 82,469,422
2006 1,346,810 82,376,451
2007 1,340,680 82,266,372
2008 1,337,090 82,110,097
2009 1,334,515 81,902,307
2010 1,331,475 81,776,930
2011 1,327,439 80,274,983
2012 1,322,696 80,425,823
2013 1,317,997 80,645,605
2014 1,314,545 80,982,500
2015 1,315,407 81,686,611
2016 1,315,790 82,348,669
2017 1,317,384 82,657,002
2018 1,321,977 82,905,782
2019 1,326,898 83,092,962
2020 1,329,522 83,160,871
2021 1,330,932 83,196,078
2022 1,348,840 83,797,985
2023 1,370,286 83,901,923
2024 1,371,986 83,510,950

Fertility rates in Estonia and Germany

Fertility rate
Estonia

Germany
Year Fertility rate
Estonia Germany
1960 1.98 2.37
1961 1.98 2.45
1962 1.95 2.44
1963 1.89 2.51
1964 1.94 2.54
1965 1.88 2.5
1966 1.87 2.53
1967 1.9 2.48
1968 2.03 2.38
1969 2.13 2.21
1970 2.17 2.03
1971 2.19 1.92
1972 2.13 1.71
1973 2.06 1.54
1974 2.07 1.51
1975 2.04 1.45
1976 2.07 1.45
1977 2.06 1.4
1978 2.02 1.38
1979 2 1.38
1980 2.02 1.44
1981 2.07 1.43
1982 2.07 1.41
1983 2.16 1.33
1984 2.17 1.29
1985 2.13 1.37
1986 2.18 1.43
1987 2.27 1.43
1988 2.27 1.46
1989 2.22 1.42
1990 2.05 1.45
1991 1.8 1.33
1992 1.71 1.29
1993 1.49 1.28
1994 1.42 1.24
1995 1.38 1.25
1996 1.37 1.3
1997 1.32 1.35
1998 1.28 1.36
1999 1.3 1.36
2000 1.36 1.38
2001 1.32 1.35
2002 1.36 1.34
2003 1.37 1.34
2004 1.47 1.36
2005 1.52 1.34
2006 1.58 1.33
2007 1.69 1.37
2008 1.72 1.38
2009 1.7 1.36
2010 1.72 1.39
2011 1.61 1.39
2012 1.56 1.41
2013 1.52 1.42
2014 1.54 1.47
2015 1.58 1.5
2016 1.6 1.6
2017 1.59 1.57
2018 1.67 1.57
2019 1.66 1.54
2020 1.58 1.53
2021 1.61 1.58
2022 1.41 1.46
2023 1.31 1.39

Estonia and Germany demographics compared

Median age
Estonia

Germany
Year Median age, years
Estonia Germany
1960 32.2 34.7
1961 32.4 34.7
1962 32.5 34.7
1963 32.7 34.6
1964 32.8 34.5
1965 33 34.4
1966 33.2 34.4
1967 33.4 34.3
1968 33.6 34.2
1969 33.7 34.1
1970 33.7 34.3
1971 33.8 34.4
1972 33.9 34.6
1973 34.1 34.7
1974 34.2 35
1975 34.2 35.5
1976 34.3 35.8
1977 34.3 36.1
1978 34.2 36.3
1979 34 36.4
1980 33.9 36.5
1981 33.8 36.5
1982 33.8 36.6
1983 33.9 36.7
1984 33.9 37
1985 33.9 37.1
1986 34 37.2
1987 34 37.4
1988 34.1 37.6
1989 34.2 37.6
1990 34.3 37.6
1991 34.6 37.7
1992 35 37.8
1993 35.6 37.9
1994 36 38.1
1995 36.3 38.4
1996 36.7 38.6
1997 37 38.9
1998 37.3 39.3
1999 37.6 39.7
2000 38 40
2001 38.3 40.4
2002 38.5 40.8
2003 38.8 41.2
2004 39.1 41.6
2005 39.3 42
2006 39.6 42.5
2007 39.7 43.1
2008 39.8 43.5
2009 40 43.9
2010 40.3 44.2
2011 40.6 44.6
2012 40.9 45.1
2013 41.1 45.5
2014 41.4 45.7
2015 41.5 45.7
2016 41.7 45.7
2017 41.9 45.8
2018 42 45.8
2019 42.2 45.8
2020 42.4 45.8
2021 42.5 45.9
2022 42.7 46
2023 42.9 46.2
2024 43.3 46.3

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and Germany.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Estonia Germany
GNI, Atlas method
$39.4B
2024
$4.59T
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.4%
2025
49.9%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
5.21%
2022
5.24%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.87%
2023
1.52%
2023
Armed forces personnel
7,000
2020
183,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.69%
2025
-2.95%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.5%
2024
3.37%
2024
Services, % of GDP
65.1%
2024
63.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
20.5%
2024
25.8%
2024
Economic freedom index
78.9
2025
71.6
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.7%
2023
25%
2020
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2023
2.9%
2020
Number of millionaires n/a
2,820,819
2024
Percentage of millionaires n/a
4.14%
2024
Number of billionaires
2
2025
171
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.0002%
2025
0.0003%
2025
Listed domestic companies
14
2003
435
2024
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$2.04T
2024
Total reserves including gold
$2.07B
2024
$378B
2024
Personal remittances received
$496M
2024
$21.2B
2024
International tourist arrivals
1,695,000
2020
12,449,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
3.98%
2020
3.47%
2019
Banked people share
98.9%
2024
98.3%
2024

Energy

Estonia Germany
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
3,089 kg
2023
2,907 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$15.1
2023
$23.6
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
11.4 megatons
2023
583 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
8.35 tons
2023
6.95 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
60.9%
2023
77.6%
2023
Renewable energy use share
38%
2021
17.6%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
2.9%
2023
9.15%
2023
Net energy imports use share
3.77%
2023
70.5%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
5,722 kWh
2023
5,904 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
40%
2021
39.8%
2021
Hydroelectric share
0.42%
2023
4.95%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
1.41%
2023
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Estonia Germany
% of world population
0.02%
2024
1.03%
2024
Annual migration change
-7,742
2024
+36,954
2024
Urban population
70%
2024
77.9%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
6 ft
2025
5.92 ft
2025
Average female height
5.53 ft
2025
5.45 ft
2025
Quality of life index
82
2025
91.1
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
76
2024
75
2024
Higher education index
81
2025
93
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.54
2023
0.82
2022
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
4.5
2019
3.8
2019
Visa free countries
173
2025
175
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.9%
2021
99%
2003
English speaking
50.2%
2023
56.3%
2023
People using the Internet
92.2%
2024
93.5%
2024

Health

Estonia Germany
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,999
2022
$6,233
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$463
2022
$703
2023
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
81.7 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
n/a
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.44
2021
4.52
2021
Age at first childbirth
28.7 years
2023
29.8 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
5
2023
4
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
2.1
2023
3.7
2023
Obesity rate
22.8%
2022
21%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
6.9%
2024
7.8%
2024
Air quality index
95
2025
76
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
28.3%
2022
21.3%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
10.7 liters
2020
11.8 liters
2020

Territory

Estonia Germany
% of world land
0.03%
2025
0.23%
2025
Land area per capita
12,025 sq mi
2024
1,616 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
3,815 sq mi
2025
64,039 sq mi
2025
Forest area
9,415 sq mi
2025
44,089 sq mi
2025
Roads length n/a
515,738 mi
2022

In-depth comparisons

Facts comparisons

Facts vs Estonia vs Germany
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