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Estonia vs Russia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 144M in Russia (ranked 9/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 6,323,145 sq mi for Russia (ranked 129th vs. 1st).

By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and Russia ranks 11/197 ($2.17T). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while Russia ranks 69/197 ($15,145).

Main facts and rankings

Estonia Russia
Population
1355535
142718132
Population rank 155/197 9/197
GDP
$42.8B
2024
$2.17T
2024
GDP rank 102/197 11/197
GDP per capita
$31,170
2024
$15,145
2024
GDP per capita rank 40/197 69/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,334
2024
$47,405
2024
Government debt
$10.1B
2024
$441B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
21.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,362
2024
$3,075
2024
Government debt per person rank 66/185 98/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,368
2025
$9,262
2025
Land area
16,498 sq mi
2025
6,323,145 sq mi
2025
Population density
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
22.7 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.31
2023
1.41
2023
Median age
43.3 years
2024
40.9 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
73.5 years
2025

Estonia and Russia: Comparison Charts

Estonia and Russia economies compared

GDP
Estonia

Russia
Year GDP
Estonia Russia
1988 - $554,828,660,436
1989 - $506,631,299,735
1990 - $517,014,446,228
1991 - $517,962,962,963
1992 - $460,290,556,901
1993 $4,013,091,682 $435,083,713,851
1994 $4,123,011,420 $395,077,301,248
1995 $4,502,970,889 $395,537,185,735
1996 $4,786,018,988 $391,724,890,744
1997 $5,154,420,649 $404,928,954,192
1998 $5,674,080,543 $270,955,486,862
1999 $5,756,912,266 $195,907,128,351
2000 $5,686,579,748 $259,710,142,197
2001 $6,250,218,423 $306,602,070,621
2002 $7,370,119,619 $345,470,494,418
2003 $9,876,595,528 $430,347,420,185
2004 $12,148,595,031 $591,016,690,732
2005 $14,109,491,357 $764,015,973,481
2006 $17,025,671,810 $989,932,071,353
2007 $22,450,264,166 $1,299,703,478,482
2008 $24,342,935,404 $1,660,848,058,303
2009 $19,633,984,440 $1,222,645,900,056
2010 $19,524,355,419 $1,524,916,715,224
2011 $23,303,915,795 $2,045,922,753,398
2012 $23,237,406,116 $2,208,293,553,878
2013 $25,451,032,781 $2,292,470,078,346
2014 $27,055,689,003 $2,059,241,589,895
2015 $23,311,847,751 $1,363,482,182,198
2016 $24,561,027,788 $1,276,786,350,881
2017 $27,469,461,919 $1,574,199,360,089
2018 $31,222,632,741 $1,657,328,773,461
2019 $31,873,748,770 $1,693,115,002,708
2020 $31,820,771,494 $1,493,075,894,362
2021 $37,204,563,051 $1,829,186,719,575
2022 $38,376,046,175 $2,291,612,121,335
2023 $41,291,245,222 $2,071,505,725,031
2024 $42,764,929,169 $2,173,835,806,672

Estonia and Russia economies compared

GDP per capita
Estonia

Russia
Year GDP per capita
Estonia Russia
1988 - $3,778
1989 - $3,430
1990 - $3,494
1991 - $3,490
1992 - $3,099
1993 $2,686 $2,931
1994 $2,819 $2,662
1995 $3,134 $2,666
1996 $3,381 $2,644
1997 $3,683 $2,738
1998 $4,093 $1,835
1999 $4,141 $1,331
2000 $4,071 $1,772
2001 $4,503 $2,100
2002 $5,343 $2,378
2003 $7,205 $2,975
2004 $8,916 $4,102
2005 $10,415 $5,323
2006 $12,641 $6,920
2007 $16,745 $9,101
2008 $18,206 $11,635
2009 $14,712 $8,563
2010 $14,664 $10,675
2011 $17,556 $14,305
2012 $17,568 $15,402
2013 $19,310 $15,941
2014 $20,582 $14,277
2015 $17,722 $9,427
2016 $18,666 $8,804
2017 $20,852 $10,835
2018 $23,618 $11,399
2019 $24,021 $11,640
2020 $23,934 $10,280
2021 $27,954 $12,637
2022 $28,451 $15,888
2023 $30,133 $14,403
2024 $31,170 $15,145

Estonia vs. Russia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Estonia

Russia
Year Life expectancy, years
Estonia Russia
1950 66.4 55.5
1951 66.8 55.3
1952 67.2 57.6
1953 67.5 58.8
1954 67.8 59.9
1955 68.2 62.1
1956 68.5 66.5
1957 68.8 66
1958 68.8 67.7
1959 68.7 67.4
1960 69.3 68.3
1961 69.6 68.6
1962 69.8 68.5
1963 69.9 69.1
1964 70.6 69.5
1965 70.7 69.3
1966 70.7 69.4
1967 71 69.2
1968 70.6 69.1
1969 70.3 68.6
1970 70.4 68.7
1971 70.6 68.9
1972 70.4 68.8
1973 70.7 68.9
1974 70.8 68.7
1975 70.1 68.3
1976 69.7 68.1
1977 69.8 67.9
1978 69.7 67.8
1979 69.4 67.6
1980 69.5 67.5
1981 69.3 67.6
1982 69.9 68.1
1983 69.8 68
1984 69.6 67.6
1985 69.8 68.3
1986 70.9 70
1987 70.9 70.1
1988 71 69.9
1989 70.5 69.7
1990 69.9 69.3
1991 69.8 69
1992 69.2 67.8
1993 68.2 65
1994 66.7 63.8
1995 67.8 64
1996 70 65.4
1997 70.2 66.6
1998 69.8 66.9
1999 70.7 65.6
2000 71 65
2001 70.8 65
2002 71.4 64.7
2003 71.9 64.7
2004 72.4 65.1
2005 73 65.2
2006 73.2 66.5
2007 73.2 67.5
2008 74.3 67.9
2009 75.2 68.7
2010 75.9 68.2
2011 76.3 69.7
2012 76.4 70.1
2013 77.3 70.6
2014 77.1 70.8
2015 77.7 71.3
2016 77.8 71.9
2017 78.2 72.8
2018 78.3 72.9
2019 78.8 73.1
2020 78.9 71.2
2021 77.4 69.8
2022 78.2 72.5
2023 79.2 73.2
2024 79.3 73.3
2025 79.5 73.5

Estonia and Russia population clocks and comparison

Population
Estonia

Russia
Year Population
Estonia Russia
1960 1,211,537 119,897,000
1961 1,225,077 121,236,000
1962 1,241,623 122,591,000
1963 1,258,857 123,960,000
1964 1,277,086 125,345,000
1965 1,294,566 126,745,000
1966 1,308,597 127,468,000
1967 1,318,946 128,196,000
1968 1,331,214 128,928,000
1969 1,345,249 129,664,000
1970 1,360,076 130,404,000
1971 1,376,955 131,155,000
1972 1,392,518 131,909,000
1973 1,405,951 132,669,000
1974 1,418,169 133,432,000
1975 1,429,352 134,200,000
1976 1,439,576 135,147,000
1977 1,450,211 136,100,000
1978 1,460,188 137,060,000
1979 1,468,333 138,027,000
1980 1,477,219 139,010,000
1981 1,487,666 139,941,000
1982 1,498,414 140,823,000
1983 1,508,745 141,668,000
1984 1,518,617 142,745,000
1985 1,528,781 143,858,000
1986 1,540,190 144,894,000
1987 1,552,221 145,908,000
1988 1,561,900 146,857,000
1989 1,568,131 147,721,000
1990 1,569,174 147,969,406
1991 1,561,314 148,394,216
1992 1,533,091 148,538,197
1993 1,494,128 148,458,777
1994 1,462,514 148,407,912
1995 1,436,634 148,375,787
1996 1,415,594 148,160,129
1997 1,399,535 147,915,361
1998 1,386,156 147,670,784
1999 1,390,244 147,214,776
2000 1,396,985 146,596,869
2001 1,388,115 145,976,482
2002 1,379,350 145,306,497
2003 1,370,720 144,648,618
2004 1,362,550 144,067,316
2005 1,354,775 143,518,814
2006 1,346,810 143,049,637
2007 1,340,680 142,805,114
2008 1,337,090 142,742,366
2009 1,334,515 142,785,348
2010 1,331,475 142,849,468
2011 1,327,439 143,018,195
2012 1,322,696 143,378,447
2013 1,317,997 143,805,638
2014 1,314,545 144,237,223
2015 1,315,407 144,640,716
2016 1,315,790 145,015,460
2017 1,317,384 145,293,260
2018 1,321,977 145,398,106
2019 1,326,898 145,453,291
2020 1,329,522 145,245,148
2021 1,330,932 144,746,762
2022 1,348,840 144,236,933
2023 1,370,286 143,826,130
2024 1,371,986 143,533,851

Fertility rates in Estonia and Russia

Fertility rate
Estonia

Russia
Year Fertility rate
Estonia Russia
1960 1.98 2.52
1961 1.98 2.45
1962 1.95 2.36
1963 1.89 2.27
1964 1.94 2.18
1965 1.88 2.13
1966 1.87 2.1
1967 1.9 2.04
1968 2.03 1.99
1969 2.13 1.97
1970 2.17 1.99
1971 2.19 2.03
1972 2.13 2.04
1973 2.06 2.01
1974 2.07 2
1975 2.04 1.98
1976 2.07 1.97
1977 2.06 1.95
1978 2.02 1.92
1979 2 1.9
1980 2.02 1.89
1981 2.07 1.91
1982 2.07 2.04
1983 2.16 2.11
1984 2.17 2.06
1985 2.13 2.05
1986 2.18 2.15
1987 2.27 2.22
1988 2.27 2.12
1989 2.22 2.01
1990 2.05 1.89
1991 1.8 1.73
1992 1.71 1.55
1993 1.49 1.39
1994 1.42 1.4
1995 1.38 1.34
1996 1.37 1.27
1997 1.32 1.22
1998 1.28 1.23
1999 1.3 1.16
2000 1.36 1.2
2001 1.32 1.22
2002 1.36 1.29
2003 1.37 1.32
2004 1.47 1.34
2005 1.52 1.29
2006 1.58 1.31
2007 1.69 1.42
2008 1.72 1.5
2009 1.7 1.54
2010 1.72 1.57
2011 1.61 1.58
2012 1.56 1.69
2013 1.52 1.71
2014 1.54 1.75
2015 1.58 1.78
2016 1.6 1.76
2017 1.59 1.62
2018 1.67 1.58
2019 1.66 1.5
2020 1.58 1.51
2021 1.61 1.51
2022 1.41 1.42
2023 1.31 1.41

Estonia and Russia demographics compared

Median age
Estonia

Russia
Year Median age, years
Estonia Russia
1960 32.2 27.1
1961 32.4 27.4
1962 32.5 27.7
1963 32.7 28.1
1964 32.8 28.3
1965 33 28.6
1966 33.2 28.9
1967 33.4 29.2
1968 33.6 29.8
1969 33.7 30.3
1970 33.7 30.7
1971 33.8 31
1972 33.9 31.1
1973 34.1 31.1
1974 34.2 30.9
1975 34.2 30.7
1976 34.3 30.6
1977 34.3 30.9
1978 34.2 31
1979 34 31.1
1980 33.9 31.3
1981 33.8 31.4
1982 33.8 31.6
1983 33.9 31.7
1984 33.9 31.8
1985 33.9 32
1986 34 32.2
1987 34 32.4
1988 34.1 32.6
1989 34.2 32.9
1990 34.3 33.2
1991 34.6 33.6
1992 35 33.9
1993 35.6 34.4
1994 36 34.7
1995 36.3 35
1996 36.7 35.3
1997 37 35.7
1998 37.3 36
1999 37.6 36.3
2000 38 36.6
2001 38.3 36.8
2002 38.5 36.9
2003 38.8 37
2004 39.1 37.2
2005 39.3 37.4
2006 39.6 37.6
2007 39.7 37.7
2008 39.8 37.8
2009 40 37.9
2010 40.3 38
2011 40.6 38.1
2012 40.9 38.3
2013 41.1 38.4
2014 41.4 38.6
2015 41.5 38.7
2016 41.7 38.8
2017 41.9 39
2018 42 39.2
2019 42.2 39.4
2020 42.4 39.7
2021 42.5 39.9
2022 42.7 40.1
2023 42.9 40.5
2024 43.3 40.9

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and Russia.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Estonia Russia
GNI, Atlas method
$39.4B
2024
$2.24T
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.4%
2025
37.6%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
5.21%
2022
4.16%
2023
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.87%
2023
5.86%
2023
Armed forces personnel
7,000
2020
1,454,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.69%
2025
-1.01%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.5%
2024
2.43%
2024
Services, % of GDP
65.1%
2024
57.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
20.5%
2024
30.7%
2024
Economic freedom index
78.9
2025
51.6
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.7%
2023
25.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2023
3.1%
2023
Number of millionaires n/a
381,726
2024
Percentage of millionaires n/a
0.34%
2024
Number of billionaires
2
2025
140
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.0002%
2025
0.0001%
2025
Listed domestic companies
14
2003
194
2023
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$650B
2023
Total reserves including gold
$2.07B
2024
$597B
2023
Personal remittances received
$496M
2024
$1.91B
2024
International tourist arrivals
1,695,000
2020
6,359,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
3.98%
2020
1.3%
2020
Banked people share
98.9%
2024
79.3%
2024

Energy

Estonia Russia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
3,089 kg
2023
5,601 kg
2022
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$15.1
2023
$7.43
2022
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
11.4 megatons
2023
2,070 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
8.35 tons
2023
14.4 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
60.9%
2023
89.5%
2022
Renewable energy use share
38%
2021
3.5%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
2.9%
2023
9.45%
2022
Net energy imports use share
3.77%
2023
-75.1%
2022
Electric power consumption per capita
5,722 kWh
2023
7,184 kWh
2022
Renewable electricity output share
40%
2021
19.2%
2021
Hydroelectric share
0.42%
2023
17.3%
2022
Nuclear share
0%
2021
19.4%
2022
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Estonia Russia
% of world population
0.02%
2024
1.76%
2024
Annual migration change
-7,742
2024
-178,042
2024
Urban population
70%
2024
75.5%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
6 ft
2025
5.79 ft
2025
Average female height
5.53 ft
2025
5.4 ft
2025
Quality of life index
82
2025
48.5
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
76
2024
22
2024
Higher education index
81
2025
84
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.54
2023
6.8
2021
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
4.5
2019
12
2019
Visa free countries
173
2025
125
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.9%
2021
99.9%
2021
English speaking
50.2%
2023
4.84%
2023
People using the Internet
92.2%
2024
94.4%
2024

Health

Estonia Russia
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,999
2022
$1,078
2022
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$463
2022
$298.7
2022
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
73.5 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
0.05%
2008
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.44
2021
3.83
2020
Age at first childbirth
28.7 years
2023
25.2 years
2013
Maternal mortality per 100K births
5
2023
9
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
2.1
2023
4.5
2023
Obesity rate
22.8%
2022
24.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
6.9%
2024
5.9%
2024
Air quality index
95
2025
69
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
28.3%
2022
29.2%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
10.7 liters
2020
10.5 liters
2020

Territory

Estonia Russia
% of world land
0.03%
2025
11%
2025
Land area per capita
12,025 sq mi
2024
44,053 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
3,815 sq mi
2025
832,826 sq mi
2025
Forest area
9,415 sq mi
2025
3,147,937 sq mi
2025
Roads length n/a
981,326 mi
2023

In-depth comparisons

Facts comparisons

Facts vs Estonia vs Russia
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