The latest officially reported population of Estonia was 1,372,341 in 2024 vs 677,012 people in Luxembourg in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Estonia's population is 1,339,590 people compared to 693,885 in Luxembourg.
Population statistics:
- Estonia's population is 1.93 times bigger than Luxembourg's.
- Estonia is ranked the 155th most populous country in the world, while Luxembourg is the 164th.
- The countries together account for 0.02% of the world: 0.02% for Estonia vs 0.008% for Luxembourg.
- For the last 10 years, Estonia has had an average growth rate of +0.37% per year vs +2.02% in Luxembourg.
- Since 2006, the population of Estonia has decreased from 1.35M people to 1.34M (0.54% decline), while Luxembourg has grown from 473K to 694K (46.8% growth).
Estonia vs Luxembourg: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Estonia
|
Luxembourg
|
|
| 2100 | 831,394 | 757,616 |
| 2099 | 836,965 | 759,426 |
| 2098 | 842,414 | 761,176 |
| 2097 | 847,873 | 763,015 |
| 2096 | 853,472 | 764,666 |
| 2095 | 859,044 | 765,990 |
| 2094 | 864,547 | 767,608 |
| 2093 | 870,136 | 769,178 |
| 2092 | 875,676 | 770,648 |
| 2091 | 881,282 | 772,463 |
| 2090 | 887,028 | 774,140 |
| 2089 | 892,857 | 775,834 |
| 2088 | 898,736 | 777,644 |
| 2087 | 904,914 | 779,590 |
| 2086 | 911,254 | 781,531 |
| 2085 | 917,722 | 783,409 |
| 2084 | 924,458 | 785,286 |
| 2083 | 931,259 | 786,877 |
| 2082 | 938,110 | 788,844 |
| 2081 | 944,978 | 790,684 |
| 2080 | 952,018 | 792,362 |
| 2079 | 959,194 | 794,006 |
| 2078 | 966,496 | 795,455 |
| 2077 | 973,883 | 796,986 |
| 2076 | 981,283 | 798,410 |
| 2075 | 988,735 | 799,754 |
| 2074 | 996,352 | 801,070 |
| 2073 | 1,004,078 | 802,482 |
| 2072 | 1,011,873 | 803,902 |
| 2071 | 1,019,779 | 804,943 |
| 2070 | 1,027,821 | 806,296 |
| 2069 | 1,035,828 | 807,272 |
| 2068 | 1,043,819 | 808,013 |
| 2067 | 1,051,892 | 808,667 |
| 2066 | 1,059,940 | 809,092 |
| 2065 | 1,068,064 | 809,449 |
| 2064 | 1,076,199 | 809,740 |
| 2063 | 1,084,303 | 810,010 |
| 2062 | 1,092,418 | 810,217 |
| 2061 | 1,100,514 | 810,062 |
| 2060 | 1,108,650 | 809,971 |
| 2059 | 1,116,534 | 809,738 |
| 2058 | 1,124,375 | 809,344 |
| 2057 | 1,132,033 | 808,943 |
| 2056 | 1,139,610 | 808,533 |
| 2055 | 1,147,117 | 807,418 |
| 2054 | 1,154,317 | 806,176 |
| 2053 | 1,161,452 | 804,878 |
| 2052 | 1,168,381 | 803,482 |
| 2051 | 1,175,291 | 801,594 |
| 2050 | 1,182,029 | 799,802 |
| 2049 | 1,188,633 | 797,764 |
| 2048 | 1,194,960 | 795,309 |
| 2047 | 1,201,294 | 792,814 |
| 2046 | 1,207,577 | 790,135 |
| 2045 | 1,213,815 | 787,133 |
| 2044 | 1,220,042 | 784,057 |
| 2043 | 1,226,162 | 780,860 |
| 2042 | 1,232,282 | 777,248 |
| 2041 | 1,238,386 | 773,499 |
| 2040 | 1,244,441 | 769,643 |
| 2039 | 1,250,581 | 765,360 |
| 2038 | 1,256,780 | 760,862 |
| 2037 | 1,263,149 | 756,459 |
| 2036 | 1,269,700 | 751,771 |
| 2035 | 1,276,331 | 746,768 |
| 2034 | 1,283,159 | 741,700 |
| 2033 | 1,290,037 | 736,388 |
| 2032 | 1,297,036 | 730,687 |
| 2031 | 1,304,102 | 724,969 |
| 2030 | 1,311,189 | 719,018 |
| 2029 | 1,318,225 | 712,675 |
| 2028 | 1,325,354 | 705,838 |
| 2027 | 1,332,492 | 698,918 |
| 2026 | 1,339,590 | 692,020 |
| 2025 | 1,358,931 | 684,765 |
| 2024 | 1,372,341 | 677,012 |
| 2023 | 1,370,286 | 666,430 |
| 2022 | 1,348,840 | 653,103 |
| 2021 | 1,330,932 | 640,064 |
| 2020 | 1,329,522 | 630,419 |
| 2019 | 1,326,898 | 620,001 |
| 2018 | 1,321,977 | 607,950 |
| 2017 | 1,317,384 | 596,336 |
| 2016 | 1,315,790 | 582,014 |
| 2015 | 1,315,407 | 569,604 |
| 2014 | 1,314,545 | 556,319 |
| 2013 | 1,317,997 | 543,360 |
| 2012 | 1,322,696 | 530,946 |
| 2011 | 1,327,439 | 518,347 |
| 2010 | 1,331,475 | 506,953 |
| 2009 | 1,334,515 | 497,783 |
| 2008 | 1,337,090 | 488,650 |
| 2007 | 1,340,680 | 479,993 |
| 2006 | 1,346,810 | 472,637 |
| 2005 | 1,354,775 | 465,158 |
| 2004 | 1,362,550 | 458,095 |
| 2003 | 1,370,720 | 451,630 |
| 2002 | 1,379,350 | 446,175 |
| 2001 | 1,388,115 | 441,525 |
| 2000 | 1,396,985 | 436,300 |
| 1999 | 1,390,244 | 430,475 |
| 1998 | 1,386,156 | 424,700 |
| 1997 | 1,399,535 | 419,450 |
| 1996 | 1,415,594 | 414,225 |
| 1995 | 1,436,634 | 408,625 |
| 1994 | 1,462,514 | 402,925 |
| 1993 | 1,494,128 | 397,475 |
| 1992 | 1,533,091 | 392,175 |
| 1991 | 1,561,314 | 387,000 |
| 1990 | 1,569,174 | 381,850 |
| 1989 | 1,568,131 | 377,100 |
| 1988 | 1,561,900 | 373,450 |
| 1987 | 1,552,221 | 370,750 |
| 1986 | 1,540,190 | 368,355 |
| 1985 | 1,528,781 | 366,706 |
| 1984 | 1,518,617 | 365,998 |
| 1983 | 1,508,745 | 365,622 |
| 1982 | 1,498,414 | 365,525 |
| 1981 | 1,487,666 | 365,225 |
| 1980 | 1,477,219 | 364,150 |
| 1979 | 1,468,333 | 362,856 |
| 1978 | 1,460,188 | 362,007 |
| 1977 | 1,450,211 | 361,358 |
| 1976 | 1,439,576 | 360,731 |
| 1975 | 1,429,352 | 358,950 |
| 1974 | 1,418,169 | 355,050 |
| 1973 | 1,405,951 | 350,450 |
| 1972 | 1,392,518 | 346,600 |
| 1971 | 1,376,955 | 342,421 |
| 1970 | 1,360,076 | 339,171 |
| 1969 | 1,345,249 | 337,500 |
| 1968 | 1,331,214 | 335,850 |
| 1967 | 1,318,946 | 334,995 |
| 1966 | 1,308,597 | 333,895 |
| 1965 | 1,294,566 | 331,500 |
| 1964 | 1,277,086 | 327,750 |
| 1963 | 1,258,857 | 324,100 |
| 1962 | 1,241,623 | 320,750 |
| 1961 | 1,225,077 | 316,845 |
| 1960 | 1,211,537 | 313,970 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/luxembourg | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Estonia decreased by 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline), while Luxembourg gained 109,377 people (a 23.1% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Estonia gained 23,800 people (a 1.81% growth), while Luxembourg's population increased by 111,871 people (a 19.2% growth).
Estonia was ranked 149th most populous country in 2006 and is 155th in 2026. Luxembourg was ranked 167th in 2006 and ranked 164th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Estonia's population will shrink by 11.8% to 1,182,029 people with a rank change from 155th to 159th. The population of Luxembourg will increase by 15.3% to 799,802 people and will still be ranked 164th.
Luxembourg is projected to reach its peak in 2062 at 810K people, while Estonia's population already peaked in 1990 at 1.57M people and is projected to decrease to 831K people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
Luxembourg
|
|
| 2100 | -0.67% | -0.24% |
| 2099 | -0.65% | -0.23% |
| 2098 | -0.64% | -0.24% |
| 2097 | -0.66% | -0.22% |
| 2096 | -0.65% | -0.17% |
| 2095 | -0.64% | -0.21% |
| 2094 | -0.64% | -0.2% |
| 2093 | -0.63% | -0.19% |
| 2092 | -0.64% | -0.23% |
| 2091 | -0.65% | -0.22% |
| 2090 | -0.65% | -0.22% |
| 2089 | -0.65% | -0.23% |
| 2088 | -0.68% | -0.25% |
| 2087 | -0.7% | -0.25% |
| 2086 | -0.7% | -0.24% |
| 2085 | -0.73% | -0.24% |
| 2084 | -0.73% | -0.2% |
| 2083 | -0.73% | -0.25% |
| 2082 | -0.73% | -0.23% |
| 2081 | -0.74% | -0.21% |
| 2080 | -0.75% | -0.21% |
| 2079 | -0.76% | -0.18% |
| 2078 | -0.76% | -0.19% |
| 2077 | -0.75% | -0.18% |
| 2076 | -0.75% | -0.17% |
| 2075 | -0.76% | -0.16% |
| 2074 | -0.77% | -0.18% |
| 2073 | -0.77% | -0.18% |
| 2072 | -0.78% | -0.13% |
| 2071 | -0.78% | -0.17% |
| 2070 | -0.77% | -0.12% |
| 2069 | -0.77% | -0.09% |
| 2068 | -0.77% | -0.08% |
| 2067 | -0.76% | -0.05% |
| 2066 | -0.76% | -0.04% |
| 2065 | -0.76% | -0.04% |
| 2064 | -0.75% | -0.03% |
| 2063 | -0.74% | -0.03% |
| 2062 | -0.74% | 0.02% |
| 2061 | -0.73% | 0.01% |
| 2060 | -0.71% | 0.03% |
| 2059 | -0.7% | 0.05% |
| 2058 | -0.68% | 0.05% |
| 2057 | -0.66% | 0.05% |
| 2056 | -0.65% | 0.14% |
| 2055 | -0.62% | 0.15% |
| 2054 | -0.61% | 0.16% |
| 2053 | -0.59% | 0.17% |
| 2052 | -0.59% | 0.24% |
| 2051 | -0.57% | 0.22% |
| 2050 | -0.56% | 0.26% |
| 2049 | -0.53% | 0.31% |
| 2048 | -0.53% | 0.31% |
| 2047 | -0.52% | 0.34% |
| 2046 | -0.51% | 0.38% |
| 2045 | -0.51% | 0.39% |
| 2044 | -0.5% | 0.41% |
| 2043 | -0.5% | 0.46% |
| 2042 | -0.49% | 0.48% |
| 2041 | -0.49% | 0.5% |
| 2040 | -0.49% | 0.56% |
| 2039 | -0.49% | 0.59% |
| 2038 | -0.5% | 0.58% |
| 2037 | -0.52% | 0.62% |
| 2036 | -0.52% | 0.67% |
| 2035 | -0.53% | 0.68% |
| 2034 | -0.53% | 0.72% |
| 2033 | -0.54% | 0.78% |
| 2032 | -0.54% | 0.79% |
| 2031 | -0.54% | 0.83% |
| 2030 | -0.53% | 0.89% |
| 2029 | -0.54% | 0.97% |
| 2028 | -0.54% | 0.99% |
| 2027 | -0.53% | 1% |
| 2026 | -1.42% | 1.06% |
| 2025 | -0.98% | 1.15% |
| 2024 | 0.15% | 1.59% |
| 2023 | 1.59% | 2.04% |
| 2022 | 1.35% | 2.04% |
| 2021 | 0.11% | 1.53% |
| 2020 | 0.2% | 1.68% |
| 2019 | 0.37% | 1.98% |
| 2018 | 0.35% | 1.95% |
| 2017 | 0.12% | 2.46% |
| 2016 | 0.03% | 2.18% |
| 2015 | 0.07% | 2.39% |
| 2014 | -0.26% | 2.38% |
| 2013 | -0.36% | 2.34% |
| 2012 | -0.36% | 2.43% |
| 2011 | -0.3% | 2.25% |
| 2010 | -0.23% | 1.84% |
| 2009 | -0.19% | 1.87% |
| 2008 | -0.27% | 1.8% |
| 2007 | -0.46% | 1.56% |
| 2006 | -0.59% | 1.61% |
| 2005 | -0.57% | 1.54% |
| 2004 | -0.6% | 1.43% |
| 2003 | -0.63% | 1.22% |
| 2002 | -0.63% | 1.05% |
| 2001 | -0.63% | 1.2% |
| 2000 | 0.48% | 1.35% |
| 1999 | 0.29% | 1.36% |
| 1998 | -0.96% | 1.25% |
| 1997 | -1.13% | 1.26% |
| 1996 | -1.46% | 1.37% |
| 1995 | -1.77% | 1.41% |
| 1994 | -2.12% | 1.37% |
| 1993 | -2.54% | 1.35% |
| 1992 | -1.81% | 1.34% |
| 1991 | -0.5% | 1.35% |
| 1990 | 0.07% | 1.26% |
| 1989 | 0.4% | 0.98% |
| 1988 | 0.62% | 0.73% |
| 1987 | 0.78% | 0.65% |
| 1986 | 0.75% | 0.45% |
| 1985 | 0.67% | 0.19% |
| 1984 | 0.65% | 0.1% |
| 1983 | 0.69% | 0.03% |
| 1982 | 0.72% | 0.08% |
| 1981 | 0.71% | 0.3% |
| 1980 | 0.61% | 0.36% |
| 1979 | 0.56% | 0.23% |
| 1978 | 0.69% | 0.18% |
| 1977 | 0.74% | 0.17% |
| 1976 | 0.72% | 0.5% |
| 1975 | 0.79% | 1.1% |
| 1974 | 0.87% | 1.31% |
| 1973 | 0.96% | 1.11% |
| 1972 | 1.13% | 1.22% |
| 1971 | 1.24% | 0.96% |
| 1970 | 1.1% | 0.5% |
| 1969 | 1.05% | 0.49% |
| 1968 | 0.93% | 0.26% |
| 1967 | 0.79% | 0.33% |
| 1966 | 1.08% | 0.72% |
| 1965 | 1.37% | 1.14% |
| 1964 | 1.45% | 1.13% |
| 1963 | 1.39% | 1.04% |
| 1962 | 1.35% | 1.23% |
| 1961 | 1.12% | 0.92% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/luxembourg | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Estonia grew by 0.15%, while Luxembourg's population grew by 1.59%.
Live population counters
|
Estonia
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1339590
|
693885
|
| Population rank | 155/197 | 164/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 0.008% |
| One net population change |
4.26 hours
|
49.7 minutes
|
| One birth every |
47.9 minutes
|
1.38 hours
|
| One death every |
32.8 minutes
|
1.99 hours
|
| Daily growth/decline | +6 | +29 |
| Annual growth/decline | +2,055 | +10,582 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.15% | +1.59% |
| Population growth rate rank | 158/197 | 67/197 |
| One migration net change every |
39.5 minutes
|
1.68 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -13,350 | +5,237 |
| Net migration rank | 141/196 | 51/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 203,046 | 344,309 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 110/195 | 94/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 14.9% | 51.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 43/195 | 8/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
Luxembourg
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -13,350 | - | 5,237 |
| 2024 | - | -7,742 | - | 5,677 |
| 2023 | -5,070 | 5,717 | 1,933 | 5,905 |
| 2022 | -5,665 | 39,754 | 2,024 | 13,194 |
| 2021 | -5,324 | 7,043 | 2,240 | 8,724 |
| 2020 | -2,659 | 3,694 | 1,828 | 6,967 |
| 2019 | -1,327 | 5,386 | 1,922 | 10,503 |
| 2018 | -1,322 | 7,089 | 1,945 | 10,145 |
| 2017 | -1,713 | 5,202 | 1,968 | 9,643 |
| 2016 | -1,316 | 1,081 | 2,095 | 12,760 |
| 2015 | -1,315 | 4,261 | 2,107 | 11,377 |
| 2014 | -1,972 | -674 | 2,225 | 11,217 |
| 2013 | -1,713 | -2,688 | 2,336 | 10,535 |
| 2012 | -1,455 | -3,674 | 2,124 | 10,273 |
| 2011 | -531 | -3,941 | 1,814 | 10,918 |
| 2010 | 0 | -3,781 | 2,129 | 7,909 |
| 2009 | -400 | -2,089 | 1,991 | 6,855 |
| 2008 | -668 | -2,034 | 2,003 | 7,969 |
| 2007 | -1,608 | -2,941 | 1,584 | 6,244 |
| 2006 | -2,559 | -5,351 | 1,748 | 5,557 |
| 2005 | -2,981 | -5,208 | 1,721 | 6,310 |
| 2004 | -3,679 | -3,681 | 1,878 | 4,566 |
| 2003 | -5,072 | -3,705 | 1,220 | 5,581 |
| 2002 | -5,380 | -2,889 | 1,607 | 2,759 |
| 2001 | -5,830 | -3,280 | 1,766 | 3,427 |
| 2000 | -5,309 | -3,083 | 1,963 | 4,516 |
| 1999 | -6,117 | 1,419 | 1,808 | 4,666 |
| 1998 | -7,208 | -3,296 | 1,486 | 3,874 |
| 1997 | -6,018 | -4,066 | 1,552 | 3,711 |
| 1996 | -5,662 | -10,540 | 1,781 | 3,603 |
| 1995 | -7,327 | -12,655 | 1,634 | 4,385 |
| 1994 | -8,044 | -17,984 | 1,652 | 3,900 |
| 1993 | -5,976 | -25,501 | 1,470 | 4,055 |
| 1992 | -1,993 | -38,391 | 1,098 | 4,101 |
| 1991 | -312 | -9,712 | 1,239 | 4,067 |
| 1990 | 2,825 | -2,660 | 1,145 | 3,992 |
| 1989 | 5,803 | -368 | 679 | 2,999 |
| 1988 | 6,404 | 5,256 | 747 | 2,909 |
| 1987 | 6,829 | 5,389 | 222 | 2,200 |
| 1986 | 6,160 | 5,260 | 331 | 2,121 |
| 1985 | 4,281 | 5,097 | 74 | 1,067 |
| 1984 | 5,163 | 5,006 | 146 | 346 |
| 1983 | 5,884 | 4,986 | 37 | 376 |
| 1982 | 5,244 | 4,832 | 183 | 334 |
| 1981 | 4,612 | 4,789 | 329 | 443 |
| 1980 | 3,989 | 4,619 | 37 | 840 |
| 1979 | 3,818 | 4,521 | 72 | 670 |
| 1978 | 4,088 | 7,234 | -145 | 3,155 |
| 1977 | 4,931 | 7,189 | -36 | 2,830 |
| 1976 | 4,319 | 6,942 | -578 | 2,802 |
| 1975 | 4,717 | 6,737 | -395 | 2,794 |
| 1974 | 5,956 | 6,594 | -390 | 2,728 |
| 1973 | 5,623 | 6,488 | -421 | 2,673 |
| 1972 | 6,267 | 6,432 | -35 | 4,143 |
| 1971 | 7,160 | 6,392 | 69 | 4,274 |
| 1970 | 6,257 | 6,158 | 272 | 853 |
| 1969 | 5,515 | 8,650 | 303 | 833 |
| 1968 | 5,592 | 9,403 | 604 | 850 |
| 1967 | 5,012 | 9,115 | 837 | 752 |
| 1966 | 4,842 | 8,998 | 1,168 | 2,222 |
| 1965 | 5,437 | 8,851 | 1,260 | 2,203 |
| 1964 | 6,897 | 8,734 | 1,377 | 2,178 |
| 1963 | 6,043 | 8,410 | 1,199 | 2,080 |
| 1962 | 6,457 | 8,248 | 1,091 | 2,014 |
| 1961 | 7,228 | 7,991 | 1,489 | 1,969 |
| 1960 | 7,511 | 7,762 | 1,319 | 61 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/luxembourg | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 26.1% of the population change in Estonia is from natural causes (a loss of 27,683 people) and 73.9% is from migration (a gain of 78,553 people). In Luxembourg 16.8% is from natural causes (a gain of 20,287 people) and 83.2% is from migration (a gain of 100,435 people).
As of 2024, 203,046 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Estonia, compared to 344,309 people or 51.2% in Luxembourg.
Biggest cities by population
|
Estonia
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Tallinn | 458K |
| Tartu | 97.8K |
| Narva | 53.4K |
| Parnu | 41.5K |
| Kohtla-Jarve | 33.4K |
| Viljandi | 17.3K |
| Maardu | 17K |
| Rakvere | 15.7K |
| Kuressaare | 13.2K |
| Sillamae | 12.4K |
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Luxembourg | 138K |
| Esch-sur-Alzette | 37.5K |
| Differdange | 30.4K |
| Dudelange | 22K |
| Petange | 20.9K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Estonia and Luxembourg
|
Estonia
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 79.6 years | 82.6 years |
| Average age | 43.1 years | 40.6 years |
| Median age | 43.3 years | 40.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 47.5:52.5 | 50.3:49.7 |
| Fertility rate | 1.31 births per woman | 1.25 births per woman |
| Population density | 81.2 ppl/mi² | 696 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/luxembourg | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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