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Estonia vs Iceland statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 405K in Iceland (ranked 172/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 38,931 sq mi for Iceland (ranked 129th vs. 104th).

By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and Iceland ranks 108/197 ($33.5B). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while Iceland ranks 10/197 ($82,704).

Main facts and rankings

Estonia Iceland
Population
1355535
412970
Population rank 155/197 172/197
GDP
$42.8B
2024
$33.5B
2024
GDP rank 102/197 108/197
GDP per capita
$31,170
2024
$82,704
2024
GDP per capita rank 40/197 10/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,334
2024
$78,259
2024
Government debt
$10.1B
2024
$19.8B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
52.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,362
2024
$48,859
2024
Government debt per person rank 66/185 9/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,368
2025
$54,155
2025
Land area
16,498 sq mi
2025
38,931 sq mi
2025
Population density
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
10.4 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.31
2023
1.59
2023
Median age
43.3 years
2024
37.1 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
83.2 years
2025

Estonia and Iceland: Comparison Charts

Estonia and Iceland economies compared

GDP
Estonia

Iceland
Year GDP
Estonia Iceland
1960 - $252,169,712
1961 - $257,703,245
1962 - $289,200,704
1963 - $345,175,036
1964 - $440,797,869
1965 - $531,569,564
1966 - $638,349,755
1967 - $630,567,116
1968 - $481,532,848
1969 - $420,945,148
1970 - $526,704,545
1971 - $670,251,136
1972 - $839,652,164
1973 - $1,154,440,253
1974 - $1,515,190,595
1975 - $1,406,875,081
1976 - $1,669,488,390
1977 - $2,208,509,076
1978 - $2,511,826,196
1979 - $2,853,435,054
1980 - $3,381,419,251
1981 - $3,492,997,010
1982 - $3,206,626,645
1983 - $2,765,950,336
1984 - $2,864,441,387
1985 - $2,984,052,357
1986 - $3,989,622,739
1987 - $5,520,318,405
1988 - $6,106,635,816
1989 - $5,672,569,449
1990 - $6,468,736,356
1991 - $6,909,730,288
1992 - $7,080,981,738
1993 $4,013,091,682 $6,218,581,532
1994 $4,123,011,420 $6,389,460,343
1995 $4,502,970,889 $7,123,633,418
1996 $4,786,018,988 $7,426,082,271
1997 $5,154,420,649 $7,569,672,925
1998 $5,674,080,543 $8,503,746,468
1999 $5,756,912,266 $8,982,047,589
2000 $5,686,579,748 $9,025,660,362
2001 $6,250,218,423 $8,234,846,805
2002 $7,370,119,619 $9,318,395,055
2003 $9,876,595,528 $11,429,333,038
2004 $12,148,595,031 $13,825,302,536
2005 $14,109,491,357 $16,852,963,067
2006 $17,025,671,810 $17,465,318,552
2007 $22,450,264,166 $21,652,505,597
2008 $24,342,935,404 $18,074,622,987
2009 $19,633,984,440 $13,154,414,219
2010 $19,524,355,419 $13,751,161,918
2011 $23,303,915,795 $15,221,622,926
2012 $23,237,406,116 $14,751,508,134
2013 $25,451,032,781 $16,125,060,515
2014 $27,055,689,003 $17,867,662,178
2015 $23,311,847,751 $17,517,210,519
2016 $24,561,027,788 $20,793,168,031
2017 $27,469,461,919 $24,728,285,177
2018 $31,222,632,741 $26,260,850,582
2019 $31,873,748,770 $24,681,343,649
2020 $31,820,771,494 $21,629,953,194
2021 $37,204,563,051 $25,770,339,317
2022 $38,376,046,175 $28,696,453,180
2023 $41,291,245,222 $31,452,223,862
2024 $42,764,929,169 $33,462,807,983

Estonia and Iceland economies compared

GDP per capita
Estonia

Iceland
Year GDP per capita
Estonia Iceland
1960 - $1,436
1961 - $1,439
1962 - $1,586
1963 - $1,859
1964 - $2,332
1965 - $2,764
1966 - $3,264
1967 - $3,173
1968 - $2,390
1969 - $2,070
1970 - $2,576
1971 - $3,252
1972 - $4,015
1973 - $5,437
1974 - $7,041
1975 - $6,454
1976 - $7,583
1977 - $9,957
1978 - $11,237
1979 - $12,641
1980 - $14,822
1981 - $15,137
1982 - $13,712
1983 - $11,672
1984 - $11,960
1985 - $12,361
1986 - $16,406
1987 - $22,453
1988 - $24,452
1989 - $22,434
1990 - $25,385
1991 - $26,803
1992 - $27,124
1993 $2,686 $23,580
1994 $2,819 $24,019
1995 $3,134 $26,634
1996 $3,381 $27,615
1997 $3,683 $27,919
1998 $4,093 $31,030
1999 $4,141 $32,382
2000 $4,071 $32,096
2001 $4,503 $28,897
2002 $5,343 $32,409
2003 $7,205 $39,477
2004 $8,916 $47,335
2005 $10,415 $56,795
2006 $12,641 $57,493
2007 $16,745 $69,496
2008 $18,206 $56,943
2009 $14,712 $41,301
2010 $14,664 $43,237
2011 $17,556 $47,715
2012 $17,568 $45,996
2013 $19,310 $49,805
2014 $20,582 $54,577
2015 $17,722 $52,952
2016 $18,666 $61,988
2017 $20,852 $72,010
2018 $23,618 $74,452
2019 $24,021 $68,452
2020 $23,934 $59,024
2021 $27,954 $69,178
2022 $28,451 $75,121
2023 $30,133 $79,960
2024 $31,170 $82,704

Estonia vs. Iceland life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Estonia

Iceland
Year Life expectancy, years
Estonia Iceland
1950 66.4 71
1951 66.8 71
1952 67.2 72.4
1953 67.5 72.3
1954 67.8 73.3
1955 68.2 73.3
1956 68.5 72.9
1957 68.8 73.4
1958 68.8 73.3
1959 68.7 72.6
1960 69.3 74
1961 69.6 73.4
1962 69.8 73.6
1963 69.9 72.9
1964 70.6 73.5
1965 70.7 73.8
1966 70.7 73.1
1967 71 73.7
1968 70.6 73.9
1969 70.3 73.7
1970 70.4 73.8
1971 70.6 73.5
1972 70.4 74.4
1973 70.7 74.3
1974 70.8 74.1
1975 70.1 75.3
1976 69.7 76.6
1977 69.8 76.1
1978 69.7 76.4
1979 69.4 76.5
1980 69.5 76.6
1981 69.3 76.2
1982 69.9 76.8
1983 69.8 76.4
1984 69.6 77.3
1985 69.8 77.4
1986 70.9 77.9
1987 70.9 77.1
1988 71 76.9
1989 70.5 77.9
1990 69.9 77.7
1991 69.8 77.8
1992 69.2 78.6
1993 68.2 78.8
1994 66.7 79
1995 67.8 77.5
1996 70 78.6
1997 70.2 78.7
1998 69.8 79.4
1999 70.7 79.2
2000 71 79.5
2001 70.8 80.4
2002 71.4 80.3
2003 71.9 80.8
2004 72.4 80.7
2005 73 81.2
2006 73.2 80.9
2007 73.2 81.1
2008 74.3 81.2
2009 75.2 81.4
2010 75.9 81.6
2011 76.3 82
2012 76.4 82.3
2013 77.3 81.7
2014 77.1 82.4
2015 77.7 82.2
2016 77.8 81.8
2017 78.2 82.2
2018 78.3 82.5
2019 78.8 82.8
2020 78.9 82.7
2021 77.4 82.8
2022 78.2 81.6
2023 79.2 82.7
2024 79.3 83
2025 79.5 83.2

Estonia and Iceland population clocks and comparison

Population
Estonia

Iceland
Year Population
Estonia Iceland
1960 1,211,537 175,574
1961 1,225,077 179,029
1962 1,241,623 182,378
1963 1,258,857 185,653
1964 1,277,086 188,983
1965 1,294,566 192,286
1966 1,308,597 195,570
1967 1,318,946 198,751
1968 1,331,214 201,488
1969 1,345,249 203,369
1970 1,360,076 204,438
1971 1,376,955 206,098
1972 1,392,518 209,137
1973 1,405,951 212,317
1974 1,418,169 215,209
1975 1,429,352 217,979
1976 1,439,576 220,154
1977 1,450,211 221,799
1978 1,460,188 223,537
1979 1,468,333 225,735
1980 1,477,219 228,138
1981 1,487,666 230,755
1982 1,498,414 233,860
1983 1,508,745 236,977
1984 1,518,617 239,511
1985 1,528,781 241,405
1986 1,540,190 243,180
1987 1,552,221 245,859
1988 1,561,900 249,740
1989 1,568,131 252,852
1990 1,569,174 254,826
1991 1,561,314 257,797
1992 1,533,091 261,057
1993 1,494,128 263,725
1994 1,462,514 266,021
1995 1,436,634 267,468
1996 1,415,594 268,916
1997 1,399,535 271,128
1998 1,386,156 274,047
1999 1,390,244 277,381
2000 1,396,985 281,205
2001 1,388,115 284,968
2002 1,379,350 287,523
2003 1,370,720 289,521
2004 1,362,550 292,074
2005 1,354,775 296,734
2006 1,346,810 303,782
2007 1,340,680 311,566
2008 1,337,090 317,414
2009 1,334,515 318,499
2010 1,331,475 318,041
2011 1,327,439 319,014
2012 1,322,696 320,716
2013 1,317,997 323,764
2014 1,314,545 327,386
2015 1,315,407 330,815
2016 1,315,790 335,439
2017 1,317,384 343,400
2018 1,321,977 352,721
2019 1,326,898 360,563
2020 1,329,522 366,463
2021 1,330,932 372,520
2022 1,348,840 382,003
2023 1,370,286 393,349
2024 1,371,986 404,610

Fertility rates in Estonia and Iceland

Fertility rate
Estonia

Iceland
Year Fertility rate
Estonia Iceland
1960 1.98 4.29
1961 1.98 3.88
1962 1.95 3.98
1963 1.89 3.99
1964 1.94 3.88
1965 1.88 3.73
1966 1.87 3.59
1967 1.9 3.28
1968 2.03 3.06
1969 2.13 2.99
1970 2.17 2.81
1971 2.19 2.92
1972 2.13 3.09
1973 2.06 2.94
1974 2.07 2.66
1975 2.04 2.65
1976 2.07 2.52
1977 2.06 2.31
1978 2.02 2.35
1979 2 2.49
1980 2.02 2.48
1981 2.07 2.33
1982 2.07 2.27
1983 2.16 2.24
1984 2.17 2.08
1985 2.13 1.93
1986 2.18 1.92
1987 2.27 2.06
1988 2.27 2.26
1989 2.22 2.19
1990 2.05 2.3
1991 1.8 2.18
1992 1.71 2.21
1993 1.49 2.22
1994 1.42 2.14
1995 1.38 2.08
1996 1.37 2.12
1997 1.32 2.04
1998 1.28 2.05
1999 1.3 1.99
2000 1.36 2.08
2001 1.32 1.95
2002 1.36 1.93
2003 1.37 1.99
2004 1.47 2.04
2005 1.52 2.05
2006 1.58 2.08
2007 1.69 2.09
2008 1.72 2.15
2009 1.7 2.23
2010 1.72 2.2
2011 1.61 2.02
2012 1.56 2.04
2013 1.52 1.93
2014 1.54 1.93
2015 1.58 1.8
2016 1.6 1.74
2017 1.59 1.71
2018 1.67 1.71
2019 1.66 1.74
2020 1.58 1.72
2021 1.61 1.82
2022 1.41 1.59
2023 1.31 1.59

Estonia and Iceland demographics compared

Median age
Estonia

Iceland
Year Median age, years
Estonia Iceland
1960 32.2 25.4
1961 32.4 25.2
1962 32.5 24.9
1963 32.7 24.7
1964 32.8 24.4
1965 33 24.2
1966 33.2 24.1
1967 33.4 24.1
1968 33.6 24.2
1969 33.7 24.3
1970 33.7 24.5
1971 33.8 24.7
1972 33.9 24.8
1973 34.1 24.9
1974 34.2 25.1
1975 34.2 25.4
1976 34.3 25.7
1977 34.3 26
1978 34.2 26.4
1979 34 26.7
1980 33.9 26.9
1981 33.8 27.2
1982 33.8 27.5
1983 33.9 27.7
1984 33.9 28
1985 33.9 28.4
1986 34 28.8
1987 34 29.1
1988 34.1 29.3
1989 34.2 29.6
1990 34.3 30
1991 34.6 30.2
1992 35 30.5
1993 35.6 30.8
1994 36 31.1
1995 36.3 31.5
1996 36.7 31.8
1997 37 32.1
1998 37.3 32.4
1999 37.6 32.6
2000 38 32.8
2001 38.3 33
2002 38.5 33.4
2003 38.8 33.7
2004 39.1 34
2005 39.3 34.2
2006 39.6 34.5
2007 39.7 34.6
2008 39.8 34.5
2009 40 34.6
2010 40.3 34.9
2011 40.6 35.1
2012 40.9 35.4
2013 41.1 35.5
2014 41.4 35.7
2015 41.5 36
2016 41.7 36.2
2017 41.9 36.3
2018 42 36.4
2019 42.2 36.5
2020 42.4 36.6
2021 42.5 36.7
2022 42.7 36.7
2023 42.9 36.9
2024 43.3 37.1

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and Iceland.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Estonia Iceland
GNI, Atlas method
$39.4B
2024
$31.8B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.4%
2025
44.5%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
5.21%
2022
7.29%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.87%
2023
n/a
Armed forces personnel
7,000
2020
0
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.69%
2025
-1.64%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.5%
2024
3.56%
2024
Services, % of GDP
65.1%
2024
65.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
20.5%
2024
19.4%
2024
Economic freedom index
78.9
2025
72.8
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.7%
2023
22.4%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2023
3.7%
2019
Number of billionaires
2
2025
1
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.0002%
2025
0.0003%
2025
Listed domestic companies
14
2003
34
2004
Total reserves including gold
$2.07B
2024
$6.4B
2024
Personal remittances received
$496M
2024
$246M
2024
International tourist arrivals
1,695,000
2020
488,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
3.98%
2020
11.9%
2008
Banked people share
98.9%
2024
99.9%
2024

Energy

Estonia Iceland
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
3,089 kg
2023
15,379 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$15.1
2023
$4.99
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
11.4 megatons
2023
3.09 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
8.35 tons
2023
7.85 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
60.9%
2023
10.3%
2023
Renewable energy use share
38%
2021
82.4%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
2.9%
2023
88.8%
2023
Net energy imports use share
3.77%
2023
20.5%
2009
Electric power consumption per capita
5,722 kWh
2023
49,956 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
40%
2021
100%
2016
Hydroelectric share
0.42%
2023
70.3%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
0%
2021
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Estonia Iceland
% of world population
0.02%
2024
0.005%
2024
Annual migration change
-7,742
2024
+3,543
2024
Urban population
70%
2024
94.1%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
6 ft
2025
5.97 ft
2025
Average female height
5.53 ft
2025
5.54 ft
2025
Quality of life index
82
2025
92.4
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
76
2024
77
2024
Higher education index
81
2025
79
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.54
2023
1.07
2022
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
4.5
2019
2
2019
Visa free countries
173
2025
171
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.9%
2021
99%
2003
English speaking
50.2%
2023
98%
2023
People using the Internet
92.2%
2024
99.8%
2023

Health

Estonia Iceland
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,999
2022
$7,197
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$463
2022
$1,035
2023
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
83.2 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
0%
2022
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.44
2021
4.52
2022
Age at first childbirth
28.7 years
2023
28.8 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
5
2023
3
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
2.1
2023
2.6
2023
Obesity rate
22.8%
2022
21.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
6.9%
2024
6.9%
2024
Air quality index
95
2025
98
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
28.3%
2022
9.4%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
10.7 liters
2020
7.94 liters
2020

Territory

Estonia Iceland
% of world land
0.03%
2025
0.07%
2025
Land area per capita
12,025 sq mi
2024
96,218 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
3,815 sq mi
2025
6,324 sq mi
2025
Forest area
9,415 sq mi
2025
205.8 sq mi
2025
Roads length n/a
8,014 mi
2012

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Facts comparisons

Facts vs Estonia vs Iceland
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