Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 1.82M in North Macedonia (ranked 150/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 9,737 sq mi for North Macedonia (ranked 129th vs. 145th).
By GDP, Estonia ranks 100/197 ($43.1B) and North Macedonia ranks 138/197 ($17B). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,428), while North Macedonia ranks 88/197 ($9,292).
Main facts and rankings
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
1339590
|
1805954
|
| Population rank | 155/197 | 150/197 |
| GDP |
$43.1B
2024 |
$17B
2024 |
| GDP rank | 100/197 | 138/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$31,428
2024 |
$9,292
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank | 40/197 | 88/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$49,969
2024 |
$26,995
2024 |
| Government debt |
$10.1B
2024 |
$9.3B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
23.4%
2024 |
54.8%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$7,356
2024 |
$5,095
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | 65/185 | 77/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$23,740
2026 |
$7,534
2026 |
| Land area | 16,498 sq mi | 9,737 sq mi |
| Population density |
81.2 ppl/mi²
2026 |
185.5 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
1.31
2023 |
1.5
2023 |
| Median age |
43.3 years
2024 |
41.6 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
79.6 years
2026 |
77.8 years
2026 |
Estonia and North Macedonia: Comparison Charts
Estonia and North Macedonia economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | $43,130,419,829 | $16,951,682,245 |
| 2023 | $41,470,344,395 | $15,855,131,189 |
| 2022 | $38,226,641,740 | $13,932,436,550 |
| 2021 | $37,201,101,171 | $14,000,283,827 |
| 2020 | $31,820,771,494 | $12,361,036,914 |
| 2019 | $31,873,748,770 | $12,606,338,449 |
| 2018 | $31,222,632,741 | $12,683,068,114 |
| 2017 | $27,469,461,919 | $11,307,067,070 |
| 2016 | $24,561,027,788 | $10,672,467,073 |
| 2015 | $23,311,847,751 | $10,064,519,963 |
| 2014 | $27,055,689,003 | $11,362,265,253 |
| 2013 | $25,451,032,781 | $10,817,702,346 |
| 2012 | $23,237,406,116 | $9,745,261,301 |
| 2011 | $23,303,915,795 | $10,494,626,768 |
| 2010 | $19,524,355,419 | $9,407,170,321 |
| 2009 | $19,633,984,440 | $9,401,736,825 |
| 2008 | $24,342,935,404 | $9,909,552,435 |
| 2007 | $22,450,264,166 | $8,336,474,974 |
| 2006 | $17,025,671,810 | $6,861,226,972 |
| 2005 | $14,109,491,357 | $6,258,602,873 |
| 2004 | $12,148,595,031 | $5,682,784,472 |
| 2003 | $9,876,595,528 | $4,946,296,599 |
| 2002 | $7,370,119,619 | $4,018,365,747 |
| 2001 | $6,250,218,423 | $3,709,636,031 |
| 2000 | $5,686,579,748 | $3,772,859,034 |
| 1999 | $5,756,912,266 | $3,863,619,285 |
| 1998 | $5,674,080,543 | $3,765,745,023 |
| 1997 | $5,154,420,649 | $3,912,986,091 |
| 1996 | $4,786,018,988 | $4,642,021,256 |
| 1995 | $4,502,970,889 | $4,707,041,315 |
| 1994 | $4,123,011,420 | $3,559,608,640 |
| 1993 | $4,013,091,682 | $2,682,456,897 |
| 1992 | - | $2,436,849,342 |
| 1991 | - | $4,938,775,510 |
| 1990 | - | $4,699,646,643 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY 
Estonia and North Macedonia economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | $31,428 | $9,292 |
| 2023 | $30,264 | $8,674 |
| 2022 | $28,340 | $7,606 |
| 2021 | $27,951 | $7,621 |
| 2020 | $23,934 | $6,660 |
| 2019 | $24,021 | $6,719 |
| 2018 | $23,618 | $6,714 |
| 2017 | $20,852 | $5,955 |
| 2016 | $18,666 | $5,598 |
| 2015 | $17,722 | $5,263 |
| 2014 | $20,582 | $5,925 |
| 2013 | $19,310 | $5,626 |
| 2012 | $17,568 | $5,050 |
| 2011 | $17,556 | $5,417 |
| 2010 | $14,664 | $4,833 |
| 2009 | $14,712 | $4,800 |
| 2008 | $18,206 | $5,026 |
| 2007 | $16,745 | $4,204 |
| 2006 | $12,641 | $3,440 |
| 2005 | $10,415 | $3,121 |
| 2004 | $8,916 | $2,819 |
| 2003 | $7,205 | $2,445 |
| 2002 | $5,343 | $1,989 |
| 2001 | $4,503 | $1,823 |
| 2000 | $4,071 | $1,862 |
| 1999 | $4,141 | $1,915 |
| 1998 | $4,093 | $1,876 |
| 1997 | $3,683 | $1,960 |
| 1996 | $3,381 | $2,307 |
| 1995 | $3,134 | $2,355 |
| 1994 | $2,819 | $1,786 |
| 1993 | $2,686 | $1,337 |
| 1992 | - | $1,199 |
| 1991 | - | $2,402 |
| 1990 | - | $2,277 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY
Estonia vs. North Macedonia life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2026 | 79.6 | 77.8 |
| 2025 | 79.5 | 77.7 |
| 2024 | 79.3 | 77.5 |
| 2023 | 79.2 | 77.4 |
| 2022 | 78.2 | 76.6 |
| 2021 | 77.4 | 73.3 |
| 2020 | 78.9 | 74.5 |
| 2019 | 78.8 | 76.8 |
| 2018 | 78.3 | 76.9 |
| 2017 | 78.2 | 76.2 |
| 2016 | 77.8 | 75.6 |
| 2015 | 77.7 | 75.6 |
| 2014 | 77.1 | 75.6 |
| 2013 | 77.3 | 75.6 |
| 2012 | 76.4 | 75 |
| 2011 | 76.3 | 75.1 |
| 2010 | 75.9 | 75 |
| 2009 | 75.2 | 74.5 |
| 2008 | 74.3 | 74.4 |
| 2007 | 73.2 | 73.7 |
| 2006 | 73.2 | 73.8 |
| 2005 | 73 | 73.6 |
| 2004 | 72.4 | 73.4 |
| 2003 | 71.9 | 73 |
| 2002 | 71.4 | 72.7 |
| 2001 | 70.8 | 73 |
| 2000 | 71 | 72.6 |
| 1999 | 70.7 | 72.3 |
| 1998 | 69.8 | 71.8 |
| 1997 | 70.2 | 71.9 |
| 1996 | 70 | 71.9 |
| 1995 | 67.8 | 72 |
| 1994 | 66.7 | 71.5 |
| 1993 | 68.2 | 71.7 |
| 1992 | 69.2 | 71.3 |
| 1991 | 69.8 | 71.8 |
| 1990 | 69.9 | 71.3 |
| 1989 | 70.5 | 71.1 |
| 1988 | 71 | 70.5 |
| 1987 | 70.9 | 70.4 |
| 1986 | 70.9 | 70.3 |
| 1985 | 69.8 | 70.2 |
| 1984 | 69.6 | 70.2 |
| 1983 | 69.8 | 69.7 |
| 1982 | 69.9 | 69.8 |
| 1981 | 69.3 | 69.4 |
| 1980 | 69.5 | 69.1 |
| 1979 | 69.4 | 69.2 |
| 1978 | 69.7 | 69.1 |
| 1977 | 69.8 | 68.2 |
| 1976 | 69.7 | 67.9 |
| 1975 | 70.1 | 67.3 |
| 1974 | 70.8 | 67.1 |
| 1973 | 70.7 | 67.1 |
| 1972 | 70.4 | 65.6 |
| 1971 | 70.6 | 65.2 |
| 1970 | 70.4 | 65 |
| 1969 | 70.3 | 64 |
| 1968 | 70.6 | 64.6 |
| 1967 | 71 | 63.8 |
| 1966 | 70.7 | 63.5 |
| 1965 | 70.7 | 62.6 |
| 1964 | 70.6 | 61.5 |
| 1963 | 69.9 | 61.4 |
| 1962 | 69.8 | 59.3 |
| 1961 | 69.6 | 61.8 |
| 1960 | 69.3 | 60.5 |
| 1959 | 68.7 | 59.5 |
| 1958 | 68.8 | 60.3 |
| 1957 | 68.8 | 55.7 |
| 1956 | 68.5 | 58.5 |
| 1955 | 68.2 | 55.4 |
| 1954 | 67.8 | 55.7 |
| 1953 | 67.5 | 53.2 |
| 1952 | 67.2 | 52.5 |
| 1951 | 66.8 | 48.5 |
| 1950 | 66.4 | 50.6 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY
Estonia and North Macedonia population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | 1,372,341 | 1,824,359 |
| 2023 | 1,370,286 | 1,827,816 |
| 2022 | 1,348,840 | 1,831,712 |
| 2021 | 1,330,932 | 1,837,114 |
| 2020 | 1,329,522 | 1,856,124 |
| 2019 | 1,326,898 | 1,876,262 |
| 2018 | 1,321,977 | 1,889,051 |
| 2017 | 1,317,384 | 1,898,657 |
| 2016 | 1,315,790 | 1,906,313 |
| 2015 | 1,315,407 | 1,912,430 |
| 2014 | 1,314,545 | 1,917,557 |
| 2013 | 1,317,997 | 1,922,716 |
| 2012 | 1,322,696 | 1,929,821 |
| 2011 | 1,327,439 | 1,937,398 |
| 2010 | 1,331,475 | 1,946,298 |
| 2009 | 1,334,515 | 1,958,782 |
| 2008 | 1,337,090 | 1,971,493 |
| 2007 | 1,340,680 | 1,982,933 |
| 2006 | 1,346,810 | 1,994,287 |
| 2005 | 1,354,775 | 2,005,330 |
| 2004 | 1,362,550 | 2,016,186 |
| 2003 | 1,370,720 | 2,022,725 |
| 2002 | 1,379,350 | 2,020,157 |
| 2001 | 1,388,115 | 2,034,882 |
| 2000 | 1,396,985 | 2,026,350 |
| 1999 | 1,390,244 | 2,017,142 |
| 1998 | 1,386,156 | 2,007,523 |
| 1997 | 1,399,535 | 1,996,869 |
| 1996 | 1,415,594 | 2,012,553 |
| 1995 | 1,436,634 | 1,998,534 |
| 1994 | 1,462,514 | 1,992,666 |
| 1993 | 1,494,128 | 2,006,854 |
| 1992 | 1,533,091 | 2,032,523 |
| 1991 | 1,561,314 | 2,055,994 |
| 1990 | 1,569,174 | 2,063,689 |
| 1989 | 1,568,131 | 2,055,649 |
| 1988 | 1,561,900 | 2,045,737 |
| 1987 | 1,552,221 | 2,035,157 |
| 1986 | 1,540,190 | 2,024,732 |
| 1985 | 1,528,781 | 2,014,331 |
| 1984 | 1,518,617 | 2,003,399 |
| 1983 | 1,508,745 | 1,991,901 |
| 1982 | 1,498,414 | 1,978,956 |
| 1981 | 1,487,666 | 1,959,065 |
| 1980 | 1,477,219 | 1,933,038 |
| 1979 | 1,468,333 | 1,906,523 |
| 1978 | 1,460,188 | 1,879,847 |
| 1977 | 1,450,211 | 1,853,138 |
| 1976 | 1,439,576 | 1,825,830 |
| 1975 | 1,429,352 | 1,797,972 |
| 1974 | 1,418,169 | 1,770,545 |
| 1973 | 1,405,951 | 1,743,816 |
| 1972 | 1,392,518 | 1,717,395 |
| 1971 | 1,376,955 | 1,691,216 |
| 1970 | 1,360,076 | 1,664,208 |
| 1969 | 1,345,249 | 1,636,345 |
| 1968 | 1,331,214 | 1,608,930 |
| 1967 | 1,318,946 | 1,582,492 |
| 1966 | 1,308,597 | 1,557,349 |
| 1965 | 1,294,566 | 1,533,466 |
| 1964 | 1,277,086 | 1,510,900 |
| 1963 | 1,258,857 | 1,488,737 |
| 1962 | 1,241,623 | 1,471,745 |
| 1961 | 1,225,077 | 1,455,171 |
| 1960 | 1,211,537 | 1,435,059 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY
Fertility rates in Estonia and North Macedonia
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2023 | 1.31 | 1.5 |
| 2022 | 1.41 | 1.6 |
| 2021 | 1.61 | 1.6 |
| 2020 | 1.58 | 1.31 |
| 2019 | 1.66 | 1.34 |
| 2018 | 1.67 | 1.42 |
| 2017 | 1.59 | 1.43 |
| 2016 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| 2015 | 1.58 | 1.49 |
| 2014 | 1.54 | 1.5 |
| 2013 | 1.52 | 1.5 |
| 2012 | 1.56 | 1.5 |
| 2011 | 1.61 | 1.46 |
| 2010 | 1.72 | 1.6 |
| 2009 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
| 2008 | 1.72 | 1.47 |
| 2007 | 1.69 | 1.46 |
| 2006 | 1.58 | 1.46 |
| 2005 | 1.52 | 1.5 |
| 2004 | 1.47 | 1.52 |
| 2003 | 1.37 | 1.75 |
| 2002 | 1.36 | 1.79 |
| 2001 | 1.32 | 1.73 |
| 2000 | 1.36 | 1.86 |
| 1999 | 1.3 | 1.77 |
| 1998 | 1.28 | 1.89 |
| 1997 | 1.32 | 1.92 |
| 1996 | 1.37 | 2.06 |
| 1995 | 1.38 | 2.13 |
| 1994 | 1.42 | 2.23 |
| 1993 | 1.49 | 2.26 |
| 1992 | 1.71 | 2.28 |
| 1991 | 1.8 | 2.31 |
| 1990 | 2.05 | 2.27 |
| 1989 | 2.22 | 2.25 |
| 1988 | 2.27 | 2.32 |
| 1987 | 2.27 | 2.32 |
| 1986 | 2.18 | 2.25 |
| 1985 | 2.13 | 2.25 |
| 1984 | 2.17 | 2.24 |
| 1983 | 2.16 | 2.25 |
| 1982 | 2.07 | 2.29 |
| 1981 | 2.07 | 2.29 |
| 1980 | 2.02 | 2.36 |
| 1979 | 2 | 2.4 |
| 1978 | 2.02 | 2.42 |
| 1977 | 2.06 | 2.49 |
| 1976 | 2.07 | 2.62 |
| 1975 | 2.04 | 2.69 |
| 1974 | 2.07 | 2.7 |
| 1973 | 2.06 | 2.72 |
| 1972 | 2.13 | 2.87 |
| 1971 | 2.19 | 2.93 |
| 1970 | 2.17 | 3.01 |
| 1969 | 2.13 | 3.1 |
| 1968 | 2.03 | 3.22 |
| 1967 | 1.9 | 3.33 |
| 1966 | 1.87 | 3.43 |
| 1965 | 1.88 | 3.52 |
| 1964 | 1.94 | 3.56 |
| 1963 | 1.89 | 3.62 |
| 1962 | 1.95 | 3.5 |
| 1961 | 1.98 | 3.62 |
| 1960 | 1.98 | 3.83 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY
Estonia and North Macedonia demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | 43.3 | 41.6 |
| 2023 | 42.9 | 41.3 |
| 2022 | 42.7 | 40.9 |
| 2021 | 42.5 | 40.7 |
| 2020 | 42.4 | 40.3 |
| 2019 | 42.2 | 39.9 |
| 2018 | 42 | 39.4 |
| 2017 | 41.9 | 38.8 |
| 2016 | 41.7 | 38.3 |
| 2015 | 41.5 | 37.8 |
| 2014 | 41.4 | 37.3 |
| 2013 | 41.1 | 36.9 |
| 2012 | 40.9 | 36.4 |
| 2011 | 40.6 | 36 |
| 2010 | 40.3 | 35.5 |
| 2009 | 40 | 35.1 |
| 2008 | 39.8 | 34.7 |
| 2007 | 39.7 | 34.3 |
| 2006 | 39.6 | 33.9 |
| 2005 | 39.3 | 33.5 |
| 2004 | 39.1 | 33.2 |
| 2003 | 38.8 | 32.8 |
| 2002 | 38.5 | 32.6 |
| 2001 | 38.3 | 32.2 |
| 2000 | 38 | 31.9 |
| 1999 | 37.6 | 31.5 |
| 1998 | 37.3 | 31.2 |
| 1997 | 37 | 31 |
| 1996 | 36.7 | 30.8 |
| 1995 | 36.3 | 30.5 |
| 1994 | 36 | 30.3 |
| 1993 | 35.6 | 29.9 |
| 1992 | 35 | 29.6 |
| 1991 | 34.6 | 29.2 |
| 1990 | 34.3 | 28.9 |
| 1989 | 34.2 | 28.6 |
| 1988 | 34.1 | 28.3 |
| 1987 | 34 | 28 |
| 1986 | 34 | 27.8 |
| 1985 | 33.9 | 27.5 |
| 1984 | 33.9 | 27.2 |
| 1983 | 33.9 | 26.8 |
| 1982 | 33.8 | 26.5 |
| 1981 | 33.8 | 26.2 |
| 1980 | 33.9 | 25.9 |
| 1979 | 34 | 25.5 |
| 1978 | 34.2 | 25.2 |
| 1977 | 34.3 | 24.8 |
| 1976 | 34.3 | 24.5 |
| 1975 | 34.2 | 24.2 |
| 1974 | 34.2 | 23.9 |
| 1973 | 34.1 | 23.6 |
| 1972 | 33.9 | 23.3 |
| 1971 | 33.8 | 23.1 |
| 1970 | 33.7 | 22.8 |
| 1969 | 33.7 | 22.6 |
| 1968 | 33.6 | 22.4 |
| 1967 | 33.4 | 22.2 |
| 1966 | 33.2 | 22 |
| 1965 | 33 | 21.9 |
| 1964 | 32.8 | 21.9 |
| 1963 | 32.7 | 21.9 |
| 1962 | 32.5 | 21.9 |
| 1961 | 32.4 | 21.8 |
| 1960 | 32.2 | 21.8 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/estonia/north-macedonia | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and North Macedonia.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$39.6B
2024 |
$15.1B
2024 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
43.6%
2024 |
36.7%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.21%
2022 |
3.3%
2002 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
3.37%
2024 |
2.1%
2024 |
| Armed forces personnel |
7,000
2020 |
16,000
2020 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-1.51%
2024 |
-4.45%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
7.5%
2024 |
12.3%
2024 |
| Services, % of GDP |
65.7%
2024 |
56.2%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
20.1%
2024 |
24.1%
2024 |
| Economic freedom index |
78.7
2026 |
63.3
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
23.7%
2023 |
22.9%
2019 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.1%
2023 |
1.9%
2019 |
| Number of billionaires |
2
2025 |
n/a |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.0002%
2025 |
n/a |
| Listed domestic companies |
14
2003 |
n/a |
| Total reserves including gold |
$2.07B
2024 |
$5.25B
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$496M
2024 |
$458M
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
1,695,000
2020 |
118,000
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
3.98%
2020 |
3.52%
2020 |
| Banked people share |
98.9%
2024 |
84.3%
2024 |
Energy
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
3,089 kg
2023 |
1,450 kg
2023 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$15.7
2023 |
$17.5
2023 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
10.6 megatons
2024 |
7.3 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
7.76 tons
2024 |
4 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
60.9%
2023 |
82.2%
2022 |
| Renewable energy use share |
38%
2021 |
19.5%
2021 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
2.9%
2023 |
7.2%
2023 |
| Net energy imports use share |
3.77%
2023 |
63.8%
2023 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
5,722 kWh
2023 |
3,320 kWh
2023 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
40%
2021 |
31%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0.42%
2023 |
23.6%
2023 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.02%
2024 |
0.02%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
-13,350
2025 |
-5,645
2025 |
| Urban population |
70.7%
2024 |
62.6%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
47.5:52.5
2024 |
48.6:51.4
2024 |
| Average male height |
6 ft
2025 |
5.79 ft
2025 |
| Average female height |
5.53 ft
2025 |
5.28 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
83.6
2026 |
57.6
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
76
2025 |
40
2025 |
| Higher education index |
81
2026 |
63
2026 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.54
2023 |
1.53
2023 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
4.5
2019 |
5.1
2019 |
| Visa free countries |
171
2025 |
131
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99.9%
2021 |
97.6%
2012 |
| English speaking |
50.2%
2023 |
5%
2025 |
| People using the Internet |
92.2%
2024 |
87.2%
2023 |
Health
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$2,438
2024 |
$639
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$521
2024 |
$253
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
79.6 years
2026 |
77.8 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.009%
2023 |
0.002%
2018 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.47
2022 |
2.94
2022 |
| Age at first childbirth |
28.7 years
2023 |
27.4 years
2022 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
5
2023 |
3
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
2.1
2023 |
3.3
2023 |
| Obesity rate |
22.8%
2022 |
28.4%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
6.9%
2024 |
7.4%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
95
2026 |
32
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
28.3%
2022 |
n/a |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
10.7 liters
2020 |
4.36 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
Estonia
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.03%
2026 |
0.02%
2026 |
| Land area per capita |
12,022 sq mi
2024 |
5,337 sq mi
2024 |
| Agricultural land area |
3,815 sq mi
2026 |
4,830 sq mi
2026 |
| Forest area |
9,415 sq mi
2026 |
3,867 sq mi
2026 |
| Roads length | n/a |
8,812 mi
2017 |
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2022–2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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