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Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Estonia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Bosnia and Herzegovina has a population of 3.16M (ranked 134/197), compared with 1.37M in Estonia (ranked 153/197). Bosnia and Herzegovina's land area is 19,768 sq mi versus 16,498 sq mi for Estonia (ranked 125th vs. 129th).

By GDP, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 111/197 ($28.3B) and Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B). By GDP per capita, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 90/197 ($8,957), while Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170).

Main facts and rankings

Bosnia Estonia
Population
3140094
1355535
Population rank 135/197 155/197
GDP
$28.3B
2024
$42.8B
2024
GDP rank 111/197 102/197
GDP per capita
$8,957
2024
$31,170
2024
GDP per capita rank 90/197 40/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$21,971
2024
$49,334
2024
Government debt
$9.28B
2024
$10.1B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
33.8%
2025
25.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,934
2024
$7,362
2024
Government debt per person rank 102/185 66/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,350
2025
$21,368
2025
Land area
19,768 sq mi
2025
16,498 sq mi
2025
Population density
160.1 ppl/mi²
2024
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.49
2023
1.31
2023
Median age
46.3 years
2024
43.3 years
2024
Life expectancy
78.2 years
2025
79.5 years
2025

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia: Comparison Charts

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia economies compared

GDP
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year GDP
Bosnia Estonia
1990 $7,753,478,261 -
1991 $6,122,959,184 -
1992 $4,735,044,707 -
1993 $3,630,668,950 $4,013,091,682
1994 $1,255,802,469 $4,123,011,420
1995 $1,866,572,954 $4,502,970,889
1996 $2,786,045,322 $4,786,018,988
1997 $3,671,909,673 $5,154,420,649
1998 $4,116,774,301 $5,674,080,543
1999 $4,686,256,363 $5,756,912,266
2000 $5,567,772,769 $5,686,579,748
2001 $5,800,615,466 $6,250,218,423
2002 $6,728,220,887 $7,370,119,619
2003 $8,498,894,359 $9,876,595,528
2004 $10,156,541,538 $12,148,595,031
2005 $11,222,796,337 $14,109,491,357
2006 $12,864,841,906 $17,025,671,810
2007 $15,778,734,264 $22,450,264,166
2008 $19,112,796,623 $24,342,935,404
2009 $17,613,949,091 $19,633,984,440
2010 $17,176,315,804 $19,524,355,419
2011 $18,644,233,537 $23,303,915,795
2012 $17,226,735,996 $23,237,406,116
2013 $18,179,108,531 $25,451,032,781
2014 $18,558,733,564 $27,055,689,003
2015 $16,404,348,871 $23,311,847,751
2016 $17,116,926,328 $24,561,027,788
2017 $18,326,373,366 $27,469,461,919
2018 $20,484,053,869 $31,222,632,741
2019 $20,482,608,755 $31,873,748,770
2020 $20,226,036,564 $31,820,771,494
2021 $23,672,712,242 $37,204,563,051
2022 $24,534,663,636 $38,376,046,175
2023 $27,592,361,388 $41,291,245,222
2024 $28,343,394,203 $42,764,929,169

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia economies compared

GDP per capita
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year GDP per capita
Bosnia Estonia
1990 $1,743 -
1991 $1,373 -
1992 $1,118 -
1993 $930 $2,686
1994 $337 $2,819
1995 $502 $3,134
1996 $719 $3,381
1997 $914 $3,683
1998 $1,007 $4,093
1999 $1,135 $4,141
2000 $1,338 $4,071
2001 $1,388 $4,503
2002 $1,607 $5,343
2003 $2,034 $7,205
2004 $2,453 $8,916
2005 $2,740 $10,415
2006 $3,166 $12,641
2007 $3,931 $16,745
2008 $4,842 $18,206
2009 $4,540 $14,712
2010 $4,506 $14,664
2011 $4,983 $17,556
2012 $4,694 $17,568
2013 $5,035 $19,310
2014 $5,206 $20,582
2015 $4,662 $17,722
2016 $4,929 $18,666
2017 $5,345 $20,852
2018 $6,048 $23,618
2019 $6,122 $24,021
2020 $6,130 $23,934
2021 $7,295 $27,954
2022 $7,656 $28,451
2023 $8,663 $30,133
2024 $8,957 $31,170

Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. Estonia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year Life expectancy, years
Bosnia Estonia
1950 47.3 66.4
1951 48.4 66.8
1952 49.4 67.2
1953 51.1 67.5
1954 51.9 67.8
1955 53 68.2
1956 53.9 68.5
1957 55.1 68.8
1958 56.2 68.8
1959 57.6 68.7
1960 58.5 69.3
1961 59.3 69.6
1962 60.1 69.8
1963 60.5 69.9
1964 61.5 70.6
1965 62.2 70.7
1966 63.1 70.7
1967 63.7 71
1968 64 70.6
1969 64.4 70.3
1970 64.8 70.4
1971 65.2 70.6
1972 65.7 70.4
1973 66.6 70.7
1974 67.6 70.8
1975 68.3 70.1
1976 68.6 69.7
1977 68.8 69.8
1978 68.8 69.7
1979 69.1 69.4
1980 69.6 69.5
1981 70.1 69.3
1982 70.1 69.9
1983 70.1 69.8
1984 70.2 69.6
1985 70.6 69.8
1986 70.8 70.9
1987 70.9 70.9
1988 71 71
1989 71.4 70.5
1990 71.5 69.9
1991 71.8 69.8
1992 52 69.2
1993 50.9 68.2
1994 66.6 66.7
1995 70.2 67.8
1996 73.5 70
1997 73.9 70.2
1998 74.5 69.8
1999 74.9 70.7
2000 75.3 71
2001 75.6 70.8
2002 76 71.4
2003 76.4 71.9
2004 76.5 72.4
2005 76.4 73
2006 76 73.2
2007 76.2 73.2
2008 76.3 74.3
2009 76.7 75.2
2010 76.8 75.9
2011 77 76.3
2012 77 76.4
2013 77.1 77.3
2014 77.1 77.1
2015 77.1 77.7
2016 77.1 77.8
2017 77.4 78.2
2018 77.9 78.3
2019 77.4 78.8
2020 76 78.9
2021 74.6 77.4
2022 76.8 78.2
2023 77.9 79.2
2024 78 79.3
2025 78.2 79.5

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia population clocks and comparison

Population
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year Population
Bosnia Estonia
1960 3,281,381 1,211,537
1961 3,348,035 1,225,077
1962 3,407,532 1,241,623
1963 3,461,942 1,258,857
1964 3,513,441 1,277,086
1965 3,562,834 1,294,566
1966 3,610,562 1,308,597
1967 3,656,223 1,318,946
1968 3,698,794 1,331,214
1969 3,737,765 1,345,249
1970 3,773,247 1,360,076
1971 3,809,376 1,376,955
1972 3,848,271 1,392,518
1973 3,887,376 1,405,951
1974 3,926,472 1,418,169
1975 3,965,743 1,429,352
1976 4,004,552 1,439,576
1977 4,042,124 1,450,211
1978 4,078,240 1,460,188
1979 4,113,300 1,468,333
1980 4,148,426 1,477,219
1981 4,184,217 1,487,666
1982 4,221,100 1,498,414
1983 4,258,728 1,508,745
1984 4,295,536 1,518,617
1985 4,330,364 1,528,781
1986 4,362,115 1,540,190
1987 4,390,246 1,552,221
1988 4,414,404 1,561,900
1989 4,433,983 1,568,131
1990 4,448,652 1,569,174
1991 4,458,343 1,561,314
1992 4,234,616 1,533,091
1993 3,904,482 1,494,128
1994 3,725,412 1,462,514
1995 3,715,564 1,436,634
1996 3,875,246 1,415,594
1997 4,018,227 1,399,535
1998 4,089,356 1,386,156
1999 4,130,305 1,390,244
2000 4,159,771 1,396,985
2001 4,179,438 1,388,115
2002 4,188,002 1,379,350
2003 4,178,523 1,370,720
2004 4,140,987 1,362,550
2005 4,096,493 1,354,775
2006 4,063,272 1,346,810
2007 4,013,424 1,340,680
2008 3,947,544 1,337,090
2009 3,879,794 1,334,515
2010 3,811,472 1,331,475
2011 3,741,798 1,327,439
2012 3,670,113 1,322,696
2013 3,610,859 1,317,997
2014 3,564,829 1,314,545
2015 3,518,541 1,315,407
2016 3,473,003 1,315,790
2017 3,428,682 1,317,384
2018 3,387,000 1,321,977
2019 3,345,533 1,326,898
2020 3,299,349 1,329,522
2021 3,244,907 1,330,932
2022 3,204,802 1,348,840
2023 3,185,073 1,370,286
2024 3,164,253 1,371,986

Fertility rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia

Fertility rate
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year Fertility rate
Bosnia Estonia
1960 3.96 1.98
1961 3.89 1.98
1962 3.81 1.95
1963 3.7 1.89
1964 3.6 1.94
1965 3.53 1.88
1966 3.39 1.87
1967 3.22 1.9
1968 3.08 2.03
1969 2.95 2.13
1970 2.79 2.17
1971 2.75 2.19
1972 2.67 2.13
1973 2.54 2.06
1974 2.45 2.07
1975 2.39 2.04
1976 2.31 2.07
1977 2.2 2.06
1978 2.08 2.02
1979 1.99 2
1980 1.98 2.02
1981 2.02 2.07
1982 2.05 2.07
1983 2.05 2.16
1984 2.02 2.17
1985 1.96 2.13
1986 1.91 2.18
1987 1.88 2.27
1988 1.85 2.27
1989 1.79 2.22
1990 1.79 2.05
1991 1.78 1.8
1992 1.76 1.71
1993 1.73 1.49
1994 1.7 1.42
1995 1.67 1.38
1996 1.65 1.37
1997 1.69 1.32
1998 1.56 1.28
1999 1.37 1.3
2000 1.28 1.36
2001 1.23 1.32
2002 1.23 1.36
2003 1.22 1.37
2004 1.22 1.47
2005 1.2 1.52
2006 1.18 1.58
2007 1.19 1.69
2008 1.21 1.72
2009 1.27 1.7
2010 1.26 1.72
2011 1.21 1.61
2012 1.25 1.56
2013 1.28 1.52
2014 1.26 1.54
2015 1.32 1.58
2016 1.36 1.6
2017 1.42 1.59
2018 1.5 1.67
2019 1.51 1.66
2020 1.52 1.58
2021 1.49 1.61
2022 1.48 1.41
2023 1.49 1.31

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia demographics compared

Median age
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
Year Median age, years
Bosnia Estonia
1960 21.5 32.2
1961 21.6 32.4
1962 21.6 32.5
1963 21.7 32.7
1964 21.7 32.8
1965 21.8 33
1966 21.9 33.2
1967 22 33.4
1968 22.1 33.6
1969 22.2 33.7
1970 22.4 33.7
1971 22.6 33.8
1972 22.9 33.9
1973 23.2 34.1
1974 23.6 34.2
1975 23.9 34.2
1976 24.2 34.3
1977 24.6 34.3
1978 25 34.2
1979 25.4 34
1980 25.8 33.9
1981 26.2 33.8
1982 26.5 33.8
1983 26.9 33.9
1984 27.3 33.9
1985 27.6 33.9
1986 28 34
1987 28.4 34
1988 28.8 34.1
1989 29.2 34.2
1990 29.7 34.3
1991 30.2 34.6
1992 30.9 35
1993 31.8 35.6
1994 32.6 36
1995 33 36.3
1996 32.9 36.7
1997 32.8 37
1998 33 37.3
1999 33.3 37.6
2000 33.6 38
2001 34 38.3
2002 34.4 38.5
2003 34.9 38.8
2004 35.4 39.1
2005 35.9 39.3
2006 36.5 39.6
2007 37.1 39.7
2008 37.8 39.8
2009 38.5 40
2010 39.1 40.3
2011 39.8 40.6
2012 40.5 40.9
2013 41.2 41.1
2014 41.8 41.4
2015 42.3 41.5
2016 42.8 41.7
2017 43.3 41.9
2018 43.8 42
2019 44.3 42.2
2020 44.8 42.4
2021 45.2 42.5
2022 45.6 42.7
2023 46 42.9
2024 46.3 43.3

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Bosnia Estonia
GNI, Atlas method
$27.3B
2024
$39.4B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.9%
2025
44.4%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
3.25%
2023
5.21%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
0.81%
2023
2.87%
2023
Armed forces personnel
11,000
2020
7,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.19%
2025
-2.69%
2025
Unemployment rate
10.7%
2023
7.5%
2024
Services, % of GDP
58%
2024
65.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22%
2024
20.5%
2024
Economic freedom index
63.5
2025
78.9
2025
Income share by richest 10%
25.1%
2011
23.7%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2011
3.1%
2023
Number of billionaires n/a
2
2025
Percentage of billionaires n/a
0.0002%
2025
Listed domestic companies n/a
14
2003
Total reserves including gold
$9.42B
2024
$2.07B
2024
Personal remittances received
$3.12B
2024
$496M
2024
International tourist arrivals
197,000
2020
1,695,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
6.24%
2020
3.98%
2020
Banked people share
77.5%
2024
98.9%
2024

Energy

Bosnia Estonia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
2,171 kg
2023
3,089 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$10.4
2023
$15.1
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
22 megatons
2023
11.4 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
6.91 tons
2023
8.35 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
78.8%
2022
60.9%
2023
Renewable energy use share
36.6%
2021
38%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
9.15%
2023
2.9%
2023
Net energy imports use share
24.9%
2023
3.77%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
3,677 kWh
2023
5,722 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
39.3%
2021
40%
2021
Hydroelectric share
39.3%
2023
0.42%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
0%
2021
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Bosnia Estonia
% of world population
0.04%
2024
0.02%
2024
Annual migration change
-4,497
2024
-7,742
2024
Urban population
50.7%
2024
70%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
5.99 ft
2025
6 ft
2025
Average female height
5.5 ft
2025
5.53 ft
2025
Quality of life index
54.9
2025
82
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
33
2024
76
2024
Higher education index
62
2025
81
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.22
2023
1.54
2023
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
13.5
2019
4.5
2019
Visa free countries
124
2025
173
2025
Adult literacy rate
98.3%
2022
99.9%
2021
English speaking
16%
2025
50.2%
2023
People using the Internet
86.1%
2024
92.2%
2024

Health

Bosnia Estonia
Government health expenditure per capita
$667
2022
$1,999
2022
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$206.1
2022
$463
2022
Life expectancy
78.2 years
2025
79.5 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
2.91%
2022
0.01%
2022
Physicians per 1,000 people
2.32
2019
3.44
2021
Age at first childbirth
28 years
2021
28.7 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
6
2023
5
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
6
2023
2.1
2023
Obesity rate
22%
2022
22.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
10.3%
2024
6.9%
2024
Air quality index
23
2025
95
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
36.2%
2022
28.3%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
5.87 liters
2020
10.7 liters
2020

Territory

Bosnia Estonia
% of world land
0.03%
2025
0.03%
2025
Land area per capita
6,247 sq mi
2024
12,025 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
4,297 sq mi
2025
3,815 sq mi
2025
Forest area
8,448 sq mi
2025
9,415 sq mi
2025
Roads length
14,246 mi
2010
n/a

In-depth comparisons

Facts comparisons

Facts vs Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Estonia
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