Skip to content

Bosnia and Herzegovina vs Estonia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Bosnia and Herzegovina has a population of 3.16M (ranked 134/197), compared with 1.37M in Estonia (ranked 153/197). Bosnia and Herzegovina's land area is 19,768 sq mi versus 16,498 sq mi for Estonia (ranked 125th vs. 129th).

By GDP, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 111/197 ($29.6B) and Estonia ranks 100/197 ($43.1B). By GDP per capita, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks 87/197 ($9,359), while Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,428).

Main facts and rankings

Bosnia Estonia
Population
3116111
1339590
Population rank 135/197 155/197
GDP
$29.6B
2024
$43.1B
2024
GDP rank 111/197 100/197
GDP per capita
$9,359
2024
$31,428
2024
GDP per capita rank 87/197 40/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$25,043
2024
$49,969
2024
Government debt
$8.74B
2024
$10.1B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
29.5%
2024
23.4%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,763
2024
$7,356
2024
Government debt per person rank 107/185 65/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,501
2026
$23,740
2026
Land area 19,768 sq mi 16,498 sq mi
Population density
157.6 ppl/mi²
2026
81.2 ppl/mi²
2026
Fertility rate
1.49
2023
1.31
2023
Median age
46.3 years
2024
43.3 years
2024
Life expectancy
78.4 years
2026
79.6 years
2026

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia: Comparison Charts

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia economies compared

GDP
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year GDP
Bosnia Estonia
2024 $29,613,572,023 $43,130,419,829
2023 $27,592,361,498 $41,470,344,395
2022 $24,534,663,636 $38,226,641,740
2021 $23,672,712,121 $37,201,101,171
2020 $20,226,038,370 $31,820,771,494
2019 $20,482,608,984 $31,873,748,770
2018 $20,484,058,033 $31,222,632,741
2017 $18,326,373,136 $27,469,461,919
2016 $17,116,926,554 $24,561,027,788
2015 $16,404,348,361 $23,311,847,751
2014 $18,558,734,107 $27,055,689,003
2013 $18,179,109,209 $25,451,032,781
2012 $17,226,735,996 $23,237,406,116
2011 $18,644,233,537 $23,303,915,795
2010 $17,176,315,804 $19,524,355,419
2009 $17,613,949,091 $19,633,984,440
2008 $19,112,796,623 $24,342,935,404
2007 $15,778,734,264 $22,450,264,166
2006 $12,864,841,906 $17,025,671,810
2005 $11,222,796,337 $14,109,491,357
2004 $10,156,541,221 $12,148,595,031
2003 $8,498,894,359 $9,876,595,528
2002 $6,728,220,983 $7,370,119,619
2001 $5,800,615,375 $6,250,218,423
2000 $5,567,772,769 $5,686,579,748
1999 $4,686,256,363 $5,756,912,266
1998 $4,116,774,301 $5,674,080,543
1997 $3,671,909,673 $5,154,420,649
1996 $2,786,045,322 $4,786,018,988
1995 $1,866,572,954 $4,502,970,889
1994 $1,255,802,469 $4,123,011,420
1993 $3,630,668,950 $4,013,091,682
1992 $4,735,044,707 -
1991 $6,122,959,184 -
1990 $7,753,478,261 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia economies compared

GDP per capita
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year GDP per capita
Bosnia Estonia
2024 $9,359 $31,428
2023 $8,663 $30,264
2022 $7,656 $28,340
2021 $7,295 $27,951
2020 $6,130 $23,934
2019 $6,122 $24,021
2018 $6,048 $23,618
2017 $5,345 $20,852
2016 $4,929 $18,666
2015 $4,662 $17,722
2014 $5,206 $20,582
2013 $5,035 $19,310
2012 $4,694 $17,568
2011 $4,983 $17,556
2010 $4,506 $14,664
2009 $4,540 $14,712
2008 $4,842 $18,206
2007 $3,931 $16,745
2006 $3,166 $12,641
2005 $2,740 $10,415
2004 $2,453 $8,916
2003 $2,034 $7,205
2002 $1,607 $5,343
2001 $1,388 $4,503
2000 $1,338 $4,071
1999 $1,135 $4,141
1998 $1,007 $4,093
1997 $914 $3,683
1996 $719 $3,381
1995 $502 $3,134
1994 $337 $2,819
1993 $930 $2,686
1992 $1,118 -
1991 $1,373 -
1990 $1,743 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. Estonia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year Life expectancy, years
Bosnia Estonia
2026 78.4 79.6
2025 78.2 79.5
2024 78 79.3
2023 77.9 79.2
2022 76.8 78.2
2021 74.6 77.4
2020 76 78.9
2019 77.4 78.8
2018 77.9 78.3
2017 77.4 78.2
2016 77.1 77.8
2015 77.1 77.7
2014 77.1 77.1
2013 77.1 77.3
2012 77 76.4
2011 77 76.3
2010 76.8 75.9
2009 76.7 75.2
2008 76.3 74.3
2007 76.2 73.2
2006 76 73.2
2005 76.4 73
2004 76.5 72.4
2003 76.4 71.9
2002 76 71.4
2001 75.6 70.8
2000 75.3 71
1999 74.9 70.7
1998 74.5 69.8
1997 73.9 70.2
1996 73.5 70
1995 70.2 67.8
1994 66.6 66.7
1993 50.9 68.2
1992 52 69.2
1991 71.8 69.8
1990 71.5 69.9
1989 71.4 70.5
1988 71 71
1987 70.9 70.9
1986 70.8 70.9
1985 70.6 69.8
1984 70.2 69.6
1983 70.1 69.8
1982 70.1 69.9
1981 70.1 69.3
1980 69.6 69.5
1979 69.1 69.4
1978 68.8 69.7
1977 68.8 69.8
1976 68.6 69.7
1975 68.3 70.1
1974 67.6 70.8
1973 66.6 70.7
1972 65.7 70.4
1971 65.2 70.6
1970 64.8 70.4
1969 64.4 70.3
1968 64 70.6
1967 63.7 71
1966 63.1 70.7
1965 62.2 70.7
1964 61.5 70.6
1963 60.5 69.9
1962 60.1 69.8
1961 59.3 69.6
1960 58.5 69.3
1959 57.6 68.7
1958 56.2 68.8
1957 55.1 68.8
1956 53.9 68.5
1955 53 68.2
1954 51.9 67.8
1953 51.1 67.5
1952 49.4 67.2
1951 48.4 66.8
1950 47.3 66.4

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia population clocks and comparison

Population
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year Population
Bosnia Estonia
2024 3,164,253 1,372,341
2023 3,185,073 1,370,286
2022 3,204,802 1,348,840
2021 3,244,907 1,330,932
2020 3,299,349 1,329,522
2019 3,345,533 1,326,898
2018 3,387,000 1,321,977
2017 3,428,682 1,317,384
2016 3,473,003 1,315,790
2015 3,518,541 1,315,407
2014 3,564,829 1,314,545
2013 3,610,859 1,317,997
2012 3,670,113 1,322,696
2011 3,741,798 1,327,439
2010 3,811,472 1,331,475
2009 3,879,794 1,334,515
2008 3,947,544 1,337,090
2007 4,013,424 1,340,680
2006 4,063,272 1,346,810
2005 4,096,493 1,354,775
2004 4,140,987 1,362,550
2003 4,178,523 1,370,720
2002 4,188,002 1,379,350
2001 4,179,438 1,388,115
2000 4,159,771 1,396,985
1999 4,130,305 1,390,244
1998 4,089,356 1,386,156
1997 4,018,227 1,399,535
1996 3,875,246 1,415,594
1995 3,715,564 1,436,634
1994 3,725,412 1,462,514
1993 3,904,482 1,494,128
1992 4,234,616 1,533,091
1991 4,458,343 1,561,314
1990 4,448,652 1,569,174
1989 4,433,983 1,568,131
1988 4,414,404 1,561,900
1987 4,390,246 1,552,221
1986 4,362,115 1,540,190
1985 4,330,364 1,528,781
1984 4,295,536 1,518,617
1983 4,258,728 1,508,745
1982 4,221,100 1,498,414
1981 4,184,217 1,487,666
1980 4,148,426 1,477,219
1979 4,113,300 1,468,333
1978 4,078,240 1,460,188
1977 4,042,124 1,450,211
1976 4,004,552 1,439,576
1975 3,965,743 1,429,352
1974 3,926,472 1,418,169
1973 3,887,376 1,405,951
1972 3,848,271 1,392,518
1971 3,809,376 1,376,955
1970 3,773,247 1,360,076
1969 3,737,765 1,345,249
1968 3,698,794 1,331,214
1967 3,656,223 1,318,946
1966 3,610,562 1,308,597
1965 3,562,834 1,294,566
1964 3,513,441 1,277,086
1963 3,461,942 1,258,857
1962 3,407,532 1,241,623
1961 3,348,035 1,225,077
1960 3,281,381 1,211,537

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Fertility rates in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia

Fertility rate
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year Fertility rate
Bosnia Estonia
2023 1.49 1.31
2022 1.48 1.41
2021 1.49 1.61
2020 1.52 1.58
2019 1.51 1.66
2018 1.5 1.67
2017 1.42 1.59
2016 1.36 1.6
2015 1.32 1.58
2014 1.26 1.54
2013 1.28 1.52
2012 1.25 1.56
2011 1.21 1.61
2010 1.26 1.72
2009 1.27 1.7
2008 1.21 1.72
2007 1.19 1.69
2006 1.18 1.58
2005 1.2 1.52
2004 1.22 1.47
2003 1.22 1.37
2002 1.23 1.36
2001 1.23 1.32
2000 1.28 1.36
1999 1.37 1.3
1998 1.56 1.28
1997 1.69 1.32
1996 1.65 1.37
1995 1.67 1.38
1994 1.7 1.42
1993 1.73 1.49
1992 1.76 1.71
1991 1.78 1.8
1990 1.79 2.05
1989 1.79 2.22
1988 1.85 2.27
1987 1.88 2.27
1986 1.91 2.18
1985 1.96 2.13
1984 2.02 2.17
1983 2.05 2.16
1982 2.05 2.07
1981 2.02 2.07
1980 1.98 2.02
1979 1.99 2
1978 2.08 2.02
1977 2.2 2.06
1976 2.31 2.07
1975 2.39 2.04
1974 2.45 2.07
1973 2.54 2.06
1972 2.67 2.13
1971 2.75 2.19
1970 2.79 2.17
1969 2.95 2.13
1968 3.08 2.03
1967 3.22 1.9
1966 3.39 1.87
1965 3.53 1.88
1964 3.6 1.94
1963 3.7 1.89
1962 3.81 1.95
1961 3.89 1.98
1960 3.96 1.98

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia demographics compared

Median age
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estonia
1x
Year Median age, years
Bosnia Estonia
2024 46.3 43.3
2023 46 42.9
2022 45.6 42.7
2021 45.2 42.5
2020 44.8 42.4
2019 44.3 42.2
2018 43.8 42
2017 43.3 41.9
2016 42.8 41.7
2015 42.3 41.5
2014 41.8 41.4
2013 41.2 41.1
2012 40.5 40.9
2011 39.8 40.6
2010 39.1 40.3
2009 38.5 40
2008 37.8 39.8
2007 37.1 39.7
2006 36.5 39.6
2005 35.9 39.3
2004 35.4 39.1
2003 34.9 38.8
2002 34.4 38.5
2001 34 38.3
2000 33.6 38
1999 33.3 37.6
1998 33 37.3
1997 32.8 37
1996 32.9 36.7
1995 33 36.3
1994 32.6 36
1993 31.8 35.6
1992 30.9 35
1991 30.2 34.6
1990 29.7 34.3
1989 29.2 34.2
1988 28.8 34.1
1987 28.4 34
1986 28 34
1985 27.6 33.9
1984 27.3 33.9
1983 26.9 33.9
1982 26.5 33.8
1981 26.2 33.8
1980 25.8 33.9
1979 25.4 34
1978 25 34.2
1977 24.6 34.3
1976 24.2 34.3
1975 23.9 34.2
1974 23.6 34.2
1973 23.2 34.1
1972 22.9 33.9
1971 22.6 33.8
1970 22.4 33.7
1969 22.2 33.7
1968 22.1 33.6
1967 22 33.4
1966 21.9 33.2
1965 21.8 33
1964 21.7 32.8
1963 21.7 32.7
1962 21.6 32.5
1961 21.6 32.4
1960 21.5 32.2

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/bosnia-and-herzegovina/estonia | CC BY

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Bosnia and Herzegovina and Estonia.

1x
1x
1x
1x
1x
1x
1x

National statistics comparison

Finance

Bosnia Estonia
GNI, Atlas method
$27.8B
2024
$39.6B
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
43.3%
2024
43.6%
2024
Education expenditure, % of GDP
3.25%
2023
5.21%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
0.75%
2024
3.37%
2024
Armed forces personnel
11,000
2020
7,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-1.88%
2024
-1.51%
2024
Unemployment rate
10.7%
2024
7.5%
2024
Services, % of GDP
56.6%
2024
65.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22.4%
2024
20.1%
2024
Economic freedom index
63.1
2026
78.7
2026
Income share by richest 10%
25.1%
2011
23.7%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2011
3.1%
2023
Number of billionaires n/a
2
2025
Percentage of billionaires n/a
0.0002%
2025
Listed domestic companies n/a
14
2003
Total reserves including gold
$9.42B
2024
$2.07B
2024
Personal remittances received
$3.12B
2024
$496M
2024
International tourist arrivals
197,000
2020
1,695,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
6.24%
2020
3.98%
2020
Banked people share
77.5%
2024
98.9%
2024

Energy

Bosnia Estonia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
2,171 kg
2023
3,089 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$10.8
2023
$15.7
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
20.4 megatons
2024
10.6 megatons
2024
CO2 emissions per capita
6.45 tons
2024
7.76 tons
2024
Fossil fuel energy use share
78.8%
2022
60.9%
2023
Renewable energy use share
36.6%
2021
38%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
9.15%
2023
2.9%
2023
Net energy imports use share
24.9%
2023
3.77%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
3,677 kWh
2023
5,722 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
39.3%
2021
40%
2021
Hydroelectric share
39.3%
2023
0.42%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
0%
2021
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Bosnia Estonia
% of world population
0.04%
2024
0.02%
2024
Annual migration change
-6,994
2025
-13,350
2025
Urban population
52.1%
2024
70.7%
2024
Male:Female ratio
47.6:52.4
2024
47.5:52.5
2024
Average male height
5.99 ft
2025
6 ft
2025
Average female height
5.5 ft
2025
5.53 ft
2025
Quality of life index
57.5
2026
83.6
2026
Corruption Perceptions Index
34
2025
76
2025
Higher education index
61
2026
81
2026
Homicides per 100K people
1.22
2023
1.54
2023
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
13.5
2019
4.5
2019
Visa free countries
122
2025
171
2025
Adult literacy rate
98.3%
2022
99.9%
2021
English speaking
16%
2025
50.2%
2023
People using the Internet
86.1%
2024
92.2%
2024

Health

Bosnia Estonia
Government health expenditure per capita
$773
2023
$2,438
2024
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$239.3
2023
$521
2024
Life expectancy
78.4 years
2026
79.6 years
2026
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
1.28%
2023
0.009%
2023
Physicians per 1,000 people
2.58
2019
3.47
2022
Age at first childbirth
28 years
2021
28.7 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
6
2023
5
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age
6
2023
2.1
2023
Obesity rate
22%
2022
22.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
10.3%
2024
6.9%
2024
Air quality index
22
2026
95
2026
Tobacco use prevalence
36.2%
2022
28.3%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
5.87 liters
2020
10.7 liters
2020

Territory

Bosnia Estonia
% of world land
0.03%
2026
0.03%
2026
Land area per capita
6,247 sq mi
2024
12,022 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
4,297 sq mi
2026
3,815 sq mi
2026
Forest area
8,448 sq mi
2026
9,415 sq mi
2026
Roads length
14,246 mi
2010
n/a

In-depth comparisons

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  6. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  7. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2021–2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  9. Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  10. Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
  11. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  12. EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.