Skip to content

Estonia vs Netherlands statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 18M in The Netherlands (ranked 72/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 13,000 sq mi for The Netherlands (ranked 129th vs. 134th).

By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and The Netherlands ranks 19/197 ($1.23T). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while The Netherlands ranks 13/197 ($68,219).

Main facts and rankings

Estonia Netherlands
Population
1355535
18191638
Population rank 155/197 72/197
GDP
$42.8B
2024
$1.23T
2024
GDP rank 102/197 19/197
GDP per capita
$31,170
2024
$68,219
2024
GDP per capita rank 40/197 13/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,334
2024
$84,218
2024
Government debt
$10.1B
2024
$531B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
43.3%
2025
Government debt per person
$7,362
2024
$29,494
2024
Government debt per person rank 66/185 25/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,368
2025
$45,699
2025
Land area
16,498 sq mi
2025
13,000 sq mi
2025
Population density
83.2 ppl/mi²
2024
1,384 ppl/mi²
2024
Fertility rate
1.31
2023
1.43
2023
Median age
43.3 years
2024
42.4 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
82.4 years
2025

Estonia and Netherlands: Comparison Charts

Estonia and Netherlands economies compared

GDP
Estonia

Netherlands
Year GDP
Estonia Netherlands
1960 - $13,282,979,015
1961 - $14,599,836,396
1962 - $15,847,582,341
1963 - $17,193,744,109
1964 - $20,232,048,553
1965 - $22,721,869,808
1966 - $24,741,480,717
1967 - $27,143,828,099
1968 - $30,097,635,751
1969 - $34,086,038,090
1970 - $38,220,884,519
1971 - $44,644,730,576
1972 - $54,787,070,173
1973 - $71,946,639,603
1974 - $87,371,810,804
1975 - $100,397,061,694
1976 - $109,329,386,564
1977 - $127,203,923,857
1978 - $156,089,077,205
1979 - $179,933,827,310
1980 - $195,439,301,707
1981 - $164,375,775,854
1982 - $158,712,765,536
1983 - $153,671,294,109
1984 - $144,124,462,912
1985 - $144,057,523,222
1986 - $201,157,708,221
1987 - $245,406,949,521
1988 - $262,295,966,105
1989 - $258,716,904,292
1990 - $318,799,003,994
1991 - $327,982,316,124
1992 - $363,497,050,125
1993 $4,013,091,682 $354,070,495,966
1994 $4,123,011,420 $379,688,232,232
1995 $4,502,970,889 $452,967,334,614
1996 $4,786,018,988 $451,372,549,020
1997 $5,154,420,649 $417,506,211,882
1998 $5,674,080,543 $438,612,530,549
1999 $5,756,912,266 $447,778,514,140
2000 $5,686,579,748 $417,649,282,154
2001 $6,250,218,423 $432,536,219,669
2002 $7,370,119,619 $475,529,972,123
2003 $9,876,595,528 $582,435,617,082
2004 $12,148,595,031 $661,224,886,143
2005 $14,109,491,357 $688,133,699,636
2006 $17,025,671,810 $737,593,995,289
2007 $22,450,264,166 $853,499,460,873
2008 $24,342,935,404 $957,901,566,041
2009 $19,633,984,440 $878,954,223,140
2010 $19,524,355,419 $852,464,982,433
2011 $23,303,915,795 $913,140,741,333
2012 $23,237,406,116 $845,689,017,066
2013 $25,451,032,781 $883,951,539,007
2014 $27,055,689,003 $901,556,501,756
2015 $23,311,847,751 $775,743,675,303
2016 $24,561,027,788 $797,163,949,290
2017 $27,469,461,919 $848,233,537,846
2018 $31,222,632,741 $929,733,599,797
2019 $31,873,748,770 $928,903,005,576
2020 $31,820,771,494 $932,560,861,701
2021 $37,204,563,051 $1,054,472,123,450
2022 $38,376,046,175 $1,046,540,797,549
2023 $41,291,245,222 $1,154,361,305,398
2024 $42,764,929,169 $1,227,543,925,316

Estonia and Netherlands economies compared

GDP per capita
Estonia

Netherlands
Year GDP per capita
Estonia Netherlands
1960 - $1,156
1961 - $1,254
1962 - $1,342
1963 - $1,437
1964 - $1,668
1965 - $1,848
1966 - $1,986
1967 - $2,155
1968 - $2,364
1969 - $2,647
1970 - $2,931
1971 - $3,384
1972 - $4,110
1973 - $5,353
1974 - $6,450
1975 - $7,346
1976 - $7,937
1977 - $9,180
1978 - $11,196
1979 - $12,817
1980 - $13,812
1981 - $11,537
1982 - $11,089
1983 - $10,696
1984 - $9,992
1985 - $9,941
1986 - $13,804
1987 - $16,734
1988 - $17,771
1989 - $17,423
1990 - $21,322
1991 - $21,764
1992 - $23,939
1993 $2,686 $23,156
1994 $2,819 $24,683
1995 $3,134 $29,301
1996 $3,381 $29,064
1997 $3,683 $26,745
1998 $4,093 $27,924
1999 $4,141 $28,319
2000 $4,071 $26,225
2001 $4,503 $26,956
2002 $5,343 $29,447
2003 $7,205 $35,897
2004 $8,916 $40,611
2005 $10,415 $42,165
2006 $12,641 $45,124
2007 $16,745 $52,101
2008 $18,206 $58,247
2009 $14,712 $53,172
2010 $14,664 $51,306
2011 $17,556 $54,702
2012 $17,568 $50,474
2013 $19,310 $52,602
2014 $20,582 $53,457
2015 $17,722 $45,794
2016 $18,666 $46,809
2017 $20,852 $49,514
2018 $23,618 $53,955
2019 $24,021 $53,555
2020 $23,934 $53,468
2021 $27,954 $60,142
2022 $28,451 $59,123
2023 $30,133 $64,572
2024 $31,170 $68,219

Estonia vs. Netherlands life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Estonia

Netherlands
Year Life expectancy, years
Estonia Netherlands
1950 66.4 71.4
1951 66.8 71.5
1952 67.2 72.1
1953 67.5 71.7
1954 67.8 72.4
1955 68.2 72.5
1956 68.5 72.5
1957 68.8 73
1958 68.8 73.1
1959 68.7 73.2
1960 69.3 73.4
1961 69.6 73.6
1962 69.8 73.2
1963 69.9 73.4
1964 70.6 73.7
1965 70.7 73.6
1966 70.7 73.6
1967 71 73.8
1968 70.6 73.6
1969 70.3 73.6
1970 70.4 73.6
1971 70.6 73.9
1972 70.4 73.8
1973 70.7 74.2
1974 70.8 74.6
1975 70.1 74.6
1976 69.7 74.7
1977 69.8 75.3
1978 69.7 75.2
1979 69.4 75.6
1980 69.5 75.8
1981 69.3 76
1982 69.9 76.1
1983 69.8 76.3
1984 69.6 76.3
1985 69.8 76.4
1986 70.9 76.4
1987 70.9 76.8
1988 71 77
1989 70.5 76.8
1990 69.9 77
1991 69.8 77.2
1992 69.2 77.4
1993 68.2 77
1994 66.7 77.5
1995 67.8 77.6
1996 70 77.6
1997 70.2 77.9
1998 69.8 78
1999 70.7 78
2000 71 78.1
2001 70.8 78.3
2002 71.4 78.4
2003 71.9 78.7
2004 72.4 79.2
2005 73 79.5
2006 73.2 79.8
2007 73.2 80.3
2008 74.3 80.4
2009 75.2 80.7
2010 75.9 80.8
2011 76.3 81.1
2012 76.4 81.1
2013 77.3 81.3
2014 77.1 81.7
2015 77.7 81.5
2016 77.8 81.6
2017 78.2 81.7
2018 78.3 81.8
2019 78.8 82.1
2020 78.9 81.4
2021 77.4 81.4
2022 78.2 81.9
2023 79.2 82.2
2024 79.3 82.3
2025 79.5 82.4

Estonia and Netherlands population clocks and comparison

Population
Estonia

Netherlands
Year Population
Estonia Netherlands
1960 1,211,537 11,486,631
1961 1,225,077 11,638,712
1962 1,241,623 11,805,689
1963 1,258,857 11,965,966
1964 1,277,086 12,127,120
1965 1,294,566 12,294,732
1966 1,308,597 12,456,251
1967 1,318,946 12,598,201
1968 1,331,214 12,729,721
1969 1,345,249 12,877,984
1970 1,360,076 13,038,526
1971 1,376,955 13,194,497
1972 1,392,518 13,328,593
1973 1,405,951 13,439,322
1974 1,418,169 13,545,056
1975 1,429,352 13,666,335
1976 1,439,576 13,774,037
1977 1,450,211 13,856,185
1978 1,460,188 13,941,700
1979 1,468,333 14,038,270
1980 1,477,219 14,149,800
1981 1,487,666 14,247,208
1982 1,498,414 14,312,690
1983 1,508,745 14,367,070
1984 1,518,617 14,424,211
1985 1,528,781 14,491,632
1986 1,540,190 14,572,278
1987 1,552,221 14,665,037
1988 1,561,900 14,760,094
1989 1,568,131 14,848,907
1990 1,569,174 14,951,510
1991 1,561,314 15,069,798
1992 1,533,091 15,184,166
1993 1,494,128 15,290,368
1994 1,462,514 15,382,838
1995 1,436,634 15,459,006
1996 1,415,594 15,530,498
1997 1,399,535 15,610,650
1998 1,386,156 15,707,209
1999 1,390,244 15,812,088
2000 1,396,985 15,925,513
2001 1,388,115 16,046,180
2002 1,379,350 16,148,929
2003 1,370,720 16,225,302
2004 1,362,550 16,281,779
2005 1,354,775 16,319,868
2006 1,346,810 16,346,101
2007 1,340,680 16,381,696
2008 1,337,090 16,445,593
2009 1,334,515 16,530,388
2010 1,331,475 16,615,394
2011 1,327,439 16,693,074
2012 1,322,696 16,754,962
2013 1,317,997 16,804,432
2014 1,314,545 16,865,008
2015 1,315,407 16,939,923
2016 1,315,790 17,030,314
2017 1,317,384 17,131,296
2018 1,321,977 17,231,624
2019 1,326,898 17,344,874
2020 1,329,522 17,441,500
2021 1,330,932 17,533,044
2022 1,348,840 17,700,982
2023 1,370,286 17,877,117
2024 1,371,986 17,994,237

Fertility rates in Estonia and Netherlands

Fertility rate
Estonia

Netherlands
Year Fertility rate
Estonia Netherlands
1960 1.98 3.12
1961 1.98 3.22
1962 1.95 3.18
1963 1.89 3.19
1964 1.94 3.17
1965 1.88 3.04
1966 1.87 2.9
1967 1.9 2.81
1968 2.03 2.72
1969 2.13 2.75
1970 2.17 2.57
1971 2.19 2.36
1972 2.13 2.15
1973 2.06 1.9
1974 2.07 1.77
1975 2.04 1.66
1976 2.07 1.63
1977 2.06 1.58
1978 2.02 1.58
1979 2 1.56
1980 2.02 1.6
1981 2.07 1.56
1982 2.07 1.5
1983 2.16 1.47
1984 2.17 1.49
1985 2.13 1.51
1986 2.18 1.55
1987 2.27 1.56
1988 2.27 1.55
1989 2.22 1.55
1990 2.05 1.62
1991 1.8 1.61
1992 1.71 1.59
1993 1.49 1.57
1994 1.42 1.57
1995 1.38 1.53
1996 1.37 1.53
1997 1.32 1.56
1998 1.28 1.63
1999 1.3 1.65
2000 1.36 1.72
2001 1.32 1.71
2002 1.36 1.73
2003 1.37 1.75
2004 1.47 1.72
2005 1.52 1.71
2006 1.58 1.72
2007 1.69 1.72
2008 1.72 1.77
2009 1.7 1.79
2010 1.72 1.79
2011 1.61 1.76
2012 1.56 1.72
2013 1.52 1.68
2014 1.54 1.71
2015 1.58 1.66
2016 1.6 1.66
2017 1.59 1.62
2018 1.67 1.59
2019 1.66 1.57
2020 1.58 1.54
2021 1.61 1.62
2022 1.41 1.49
2023 1.31 1.43

Estonia and Netherlands demographics compared

Median age
Estonia

Netherlands
Year Median age, years
Estonia Netherlands
1960 32.2 28.8
1961 32.4 28.8
1962 32.5 28.7
1963 32.7 28.7
1964 32.8 28.6
1965 33 28.6
1966 33.2 28.6
1967 33.4 28.5
1968 33.6 28.6
1969 33.7 28.6
1970 33.7 28.6
1971 33.8 28.7
1972 33.9 28.9
1973 34.1 29
1974 34.2 29.3
1975 34.2 29.4
1976 34.3 29.8
1977 34.3 30.3
1978 34.2 30.7
1979 34 31
1980 33.9 31.3
1981 33.8 31.6
1982 33.8 31.9
1983 33.9 32.3
1984 33.9 32.6
1985 33.9 32.9
1986 34 33.2
1987 34 33.5
1988 34.1 33.8
1989 34.2 34.1
1990 34.3 34.3
1991 34.6 34.6
1992 35 34.8
1993 35.6 35.1
1994 36 35.4
1995 36.3 35.7
1996 36.7 36.1
1997 37 36.4
1998 37.3 36.7
1999 37.6 37
2000 38 37.3
2001 38.3 37.5
2002 38.5 37.8
2003 38.8 38.1
2004 39.1 38.5
2005 39.3 38.9
2006 39.6 39.3
2007 39.7 39.7
2008 39.8 40
2009 40 40.3
2010 40.3 40.7
2011 40.6 41
2012 40.9 41.3
2013 41.1 41.6
2014 41.4 41.8
2015 41.5 42
2016 41.7 42.2
2017 41.9 42.3
2018 42 42.4
2019 42.2 42.5
2020 42.4 42.5
2021 42.5 42.6
2022 42.7 42.5
2023 42.9 42.4
2024 43.3 42.4

Interactive Maps

Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and the Netherlands.

GDP per capita

GDP

Life expectancy

Population

Population density

Fertility rate

Median age

Land area

National statistics comparison

Finance

Estonia Netherlands
GNI, Atlas method
$39.4B
2024
$1.13T
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44.4%
2025
44.7%
2025
Education expenditure, % of GDP
5.21%
2022
5.18%
2022
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.87%
2023
1.53%
2023
Armed forces personnel
7,000
2020
41,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-2.69%
2025
-1.9%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.5%
2024
3.64%
2024
Services, % of GDP
65.1%
2024
70.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
20.5%
2024
17.9%
2024
Economic freedom index
78.9
2025
78.2
2025
Income share by richest 10%
23.7%
2023
21.4%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2023
3.6%
2021
Number of millionaires n/a
1,231,625
2024
Percentage of millionaires n/a
8.62%
2024
Number of billionaires
2
2025
13
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.0002%
2025
0.00009%
2025
Listed domestic companies
14
2003
103
2018
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$1.1T
2017
Total reserves including gold
$2.07B
2024
$79.1B
2024
Personal remittances received
$496M
2024
$4.72B
2024
International tourist arrivals
1,695,000
2020
7,265,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
3.98%
2020
1.44%
2020
Banked people share
98.9%
2024
99.2%
2024

Energy

Estonia Netherlands
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
3,089 kg
2023
3,418 kg
2023
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$15.1
2023
$22.9
2023
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
11.4 megatons
2023
122.9 megatons
2023
CO2 emissions per capita
8.35 tons
2023
6.87 tons
2023
Fossil fuel energy use share
60.9%
2023
83.5%
2023
Renewable energy use share
38%
2021
12.2%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
2.9%
2023
9.01%
2023
Net energy imports use share
3.77%
2023
87%
2023
Electric power consumption per capita
5,722 kWh
2023
6,189 kWh
2023
Renewable electricity output share
40%
2021
33.1%
2021
Hydroelectric share
0.42%
2023
0.06%
2023
Nuclear share
0%
2021
3.28%
2023
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Estonia Netherlands
% of world population
0.02%
2024
0.22%
2024
Annual migration change
-7,742
2024
+121,628
2024
Urban population
70%
2024
93.5%
2024
Male:Female ratio
50:50
2024
50:50
2024
Average male height
6 ft
2025
6.03 ft
2025
Average female height
5.53 ft
2025
5.59 ft
2025
Quality of life index
82
2025
92.1
2025
Corruption Perceptions Index
76
2024
78
2024
Higher education index
81
2025
95
2025
Homicides per 100K people
1.54
2023
0.69
2023
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
4.5
2019
4
2019
Visa free countries
173
2025
175
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.9%
2021
99%
2003
English speaking
50.2%
2023
90.9%
2023
People using the Internet
92.2%
2024
97%
2023

Health

Estonia Netherlands
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,999
2022
$5,796
2022
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$463
2022
$581
2022
Life expectancy
79.5 years
2025
82.4 years
2025
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.01%
2022
0.01%
2022
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.44
2021
3.91
2021
Age at first childbirth
28.7 years
2023
30.4 years
2023
Maternal mortality per 100K births
5
2023
4
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
2.1
2023
4
2023
Obesity rate
22.8%
2022
15%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
6.9%
2024
5%
2024
Air quality index
95
2025
77
2025
Tobacco use prevalence
28.3%
2022
21.3%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
10.7 liters
2020
8.71 liters
2020

Territory

Estonia Netherlands
% of world land
0.03%
2025
0.02%
2025
Land area per capita
12,025 sq mi
2024
722 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
3,815 sq mi
2025
6,961 sq mi
2025
Forest area
9,415 sq mi
2025
1,437 sq mi
2025
Roads length n/a
88,123 mi
2022

In-depth comparisons

Facts comparisons

Facts vs Estonia vs Netherlands
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Vatican Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare