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Economy of Germany vs Myanmar compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Germany has a GDP of $4.69T compared to $74.1B for Myanmar, ranking 3/197 and 85/197 by economy size, respectively.

Germany has $2.97T in government debt (63.5% of GDP), compared to $44B (59.3% of GDP) in Myanmar.

Germany vs Myanmar GDP by year

Germany
Myanmar
1x
Year GDP, current $
Germany Myanmar
2024 $4,685,592,577,805 $74,068,349,524
2023 $4,562,207,532,490 $66,757,619,000
2022 $4,201,021,706,479 $62,253,049,903
2021 $4,355,251,953,411 $66,345,291,149
2020 $3,941,398,957,074 $79,006,113,670
2019 $3,959,894,794,039 $75,065,106,243
2018 $4,055,433,215,302 $67,860,515,993
2017 $3,765,351,626,106 $66,053,040,475
2016 $3,536,787,895,179 $63,298,361,984
2015 $3,425,099,578,746 $59,607,290,408
2014 $3,964,870,735,761 $65,531,374,210
2013 $3,807,023,797,051 $60,269,732,855
2012 $3,596,483,233,406 $59,937,796,648
2011 $3,823,575,803,794 $59,977,326,086
2010 $3,467,093,769,667 $49,540,813,342
2009 $3,478,545,516,684 $36,906,181,381
2008 $3,808,197,720,125 $31,862,554,102
2007 $3,484,056,680,855 $20,182,477,481
2006 $3,046,308,753,671 $14,502,553,710
2005 $2,893,393,187,362 $11,986,972,419
2004 $2,852,317,768,062 $10,567,354,056
2003 $2,534,715,518,349 $10,467,109,978
2002 $2,102,350,798,306 $6,777,632,512
2001 $1,966,381,496,642 $6,477,790,688
2000 $1,966,980,701,145 $8,905,066,164
1999 $2,213,873,468,587 $8,486,832,801
1998 $2,247,760,364,566 $6,459,461,639
1997 $2,218,790,886,533 $4,722,288,496
1996 $2,506,576,553,158 $6,123,556,717
1995 $2,593,053,091,306 $5,289,174,943
1994 $2,215,282,632,277 $4,432,257,174
1993 $2,078,954,217,438 $3,163,020,035
1992 $2,141,377,582,968 $2,411,552,289
1991 $1,875,792,575,133 $2,069,832,687
1990 $1,778,162,195,860 $2,115,193,513
1989 $1,404,092,925,205 $2,013,448,229
1988 $1,406,367,016,372 $1,541,088,312
1987 $1,302,932,318,825 $1,562,448,077
1986 $1,050,092,624,516 $1,582,873,750
1985 $735,218,723,093 $1,478,908,173
1984 $727,767,760,979 $1,304,063,253
1983 $773,507,930,295 $1,381,573,615
1982 $779,421,633,755 $1,481,165,468
1981 $803,404,797,058 $1,111,000,765
1980 $953,772,499,462 $1,038,225,167
1979 $884,574,218,333 $952,265,043
1978 $743,182,891,918 $935,408,775
1977 $602,698,323,086 $873,579,932
1976 $521,658,712,133 $1,204,699,849
1975 $492,434,094,920 $1,061,107,354
1974 $446,934,971,657 $1,225,589,878
1973 $399,833,571,167 $719,754,655
1972 $300,899,944,795 $662,213,083
1971 $250,900,942,397 $587,448,405
1970 $216,629,229,947 $563,555,631
1969 $177,733,486,326 $571,854,215
1968 $156,527,292,653 $559,956,130
1967 $145,100,667,773 $420,359,036
1966 $143,304,275,684 $293,103,479
1965 $134,774,688,191 $367,053,117
1964 $123,330,404,665 $411,419,906
1963 $112,232,503,744 $598,998,419
1962 $105,895,435,234 $634,528,872
1961 $96,558,204,043 $605,581,577
1960 $84,619,845,881 $545,098,448

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

GDP per capita in Germany vs Myanmar by year

Germany
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Myanmar
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Germany Myanmar
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $56,104 $73,552 $1,359 $5,997
2023 $54,777 $71,684 $1,233 $5,953
2022 $50,507 $69,049 $1,158 $5,732
2021 $52,349 $62,531 $1,243 $5,178
2020 $47,395 $58,686 $1,490 $5,741
2019 $47,656 $59,271 $1,426 $6,101
2018 $48,916 $56,273 $1,298 $5,581
2017 $45,554 $54,110 $1,273 $4,706
2016 $42,949 $51,570 $1,229 $4,460
2015 $41,930 $48,545 $1,167 $4,459
2014 $48,960 $47,939 $1,293 $4,376
2013 $47,207 $45,889 $1,199 $4,144
2012 $44,718 $44,229 $1,203 $3,845
2011 $47,631 $43,398 $1,214 $3,579
2010 $42,397 $39,726 $1,011 $3,348
2009 $42,472 $37,574 $758 $3,040
2008 $46,379 $38,444 $658 $2,748
2007 $42,351 $36,914 $419 $2,459
2006 $36,980 $34,741 $303 $2,153
2005 $35,084 $32,314 $252.7 $1,860
2004 $34,567 $31,753 $224.5 $1,601
2003 $30,711 $30,301 $224.3 $1,385
2002 $25,487 $29,514 $146.6 $1,204
2001 $23,878 $28,674 $141.5 $1,069
2000 $23,926 $27,474 $196.6 $949
1999 $26,965 $26,518 $189.5 $825
1998 $27,396 $25,446 $146 $742
1997 $27,047 $24,649 $108 $702
1996 $30,600 $24,169 $141.9 $661
1995 $31,747 $23,631 $124.1 $618
1994 $27,202 $22,869 $105.4 $573
1993 $25,617 $21,900 $76.2 $529
1992 $26,560 $21,746 $58.9 $494
1991 $23,443 $21,001 $51.2 $447
1990 $22,386 $19,468 $53.1 $441
1989 $17,829 - $51.3 -
1988 $17,997 - $39.9 -
1987 $16,739 - $41.1 -
1986 $13,511 - $42.4 -
1985 $9,464 - $40.4 -
1984 $9,347 - $36.3 -
1983 $9,900 - $39.3 -
1982 $9,950 - $43 -
1981 $10,246 - $32.8 -
1980 $12,183 - $31.2 -
1979 $11,322 - $29.2 -
1978 $9,517 - $29.3 -
1977 $7,711 - $27.9 -
1976 $6,659 - $39.2 -
1975 $6,259 - $35.2 -
1974 $5,660 - $41.4 -
1973 $5,065 - $24.8 -
1972 $3,824 - $23.3 -
1971 $3,204 - $21.1 -
1970 $2,771 - $20.7 -
1969 $2,281 - $21.5 -
1968 $2,025 - $21.5 -
1967 $1,886 - $16.5 -
1966 $1,871 - $11.8 -
1965 $1,774 - $15.1 -
1964 $1,637 - $17.3 -
1963 $1,502 - $25.8 -
1962 $1,431 - $27.9 -
1961 $1,316 - $27.3 -
1960 $1,162 - $25.1 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

Germany's GDP per capita is $56,104, ranking 19/197, compared to $1,359 in Myanmar, ranking 165/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Germany ranks 20th at $73,552, while Myanmar ranks 153rd at $5,997.

Economic indicators

Germany Myanmar
Gross domestic product
$4.69T
2024
$74.1B
2024
GDP rank
3/197
2024
85/197
2024
GDP growth
-0.5%
2023-2024
-0.97%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$56,104
2024
$1,359
2024
GDP per capita rank
19/197
2024
165/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,552
2024
$5,997
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
20/197
2024
153/197
2024
Government debt
$2.97T
2024
$44B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
63.5%
2024
59.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$35,606
2024
$806
2024
Government debt per person rank
21/185
2024
150/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$41,775
2026
$1,646
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$2.04T
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
2,675,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
171
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25%
2020
25.5%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2020
3.8%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
49.4%
2024
20.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.26%
2023-2024
8.83%
2018-2019
Unemployment rate
3.37%
2024
1.48%
2020
Population
82575542
55292116

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Germany
Spending

Debt
Myanmar
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Germany Myanmar
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 49.4% 63.5% 20.7% 59.3%
2023 48.1% 62.4% 21.4% 59.1%
2022 48.6% 64.4% 21.3% 56.1%
2021 50.7% 68% 20.9% 63.4%
2020 51.1% 68% 21.3% 49.1%
2019 45.5% 58.7% 20.5% 37.6%
2018 44.7% 60.8% 18.7% 39.9%
2017 44.5% 64% 19.7% 41.9%
2016 44.7% 68.3% 21.3% 35.7%
2015 44.5% 71.2% 23.7% 36.6%
2014 44.5% 74.5% 24.7% 34.5%
2013 45.2% 77.5% 23.9% 44.8%
2012 45.1% 79.8% 20% 48%
2011 45.3% 78.5% 15.6% 49.9%
2010 48.1% 81% 15.8% 54.4%
2009 48.3% 72.4% 14.4% 56.4%
2008 44.4% 65.2% 14.4% 59.8%
2007 43.5% 63.7% 15.7% 77.4%
2006 45.3% 66.4% 15.6% 103.1%
2005 46.9% 67.1% 14.6% 119%
2004 47% 65% 14.6% 126.6%
2003 48.5% 63.3% 14.3% 146%
2002 48.2% 59.8% 15.3% 190.6%
2001 47.7% 58.1% 19.1% 262%
2000 48.1% 59.2% 21.4% 164.5%
1999 48.5% 60.3% 22.8% 150.7%
1998 48.3% 59.4% 25.2% 208.6%
1997 48.8% 58.8% - -
1996 49.6% 57.7% - -
1995 55.2% 54.9% - -
1994 48.3% 47.5% - -
1993 48.3% 45.1% - -
1992 47.4% 41.4% - -
1991 46.5% 39% - -
1990 44.7% 40.7% - -
1989 44.3% 39.2% - -
1988 45.6% 40.5% - -
1987 46% 40.1% - -
1986 45.7% 39.1% - -
1985 46.6% 39.2% - -
1984 47.2% 38.7% - -
1983 47.9% 38% - -
1982 49.1% 36.4% - -
1981 49% 33.6% - -
1980 48.2% 30.1% - -
1979 47.4% 28.2% - -
1978 47.7% 27.4% - -
1977 49% 26% - -
1976 49.4% 25.1% - -
1975 50.3% 23.7% - -
1974 46% 18.5% - -
1973 42.4% 17.3% - -
1972 41.8% 18% - -
1971 40.9% 17.7% - -
1970 39.5% 17.7% - -
1969 29.7% 20.3% - -
1968 28.5% 22.5% - -
1967 28.8% 22.5% - -
1966 28.3% 19.8% - -
1965 28.4% 18.7% - -
1964 29% 18.2% - -
1963 29.1% 18.1% - -
1962 29.2% 17.6% - -
1961 28.8% 18.7% - -
1960 22.9% 18.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

In 2024, Germany's government spending was $2.32T, accounting for 49.4% of its GDP, while Myanmar spent $15.3B, or 20.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 63.5% in Germany and 59.3% in Myanmar, ranking 72/185 and 81/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Germany

Myanmar
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Germany Myanmar
2024 -2.66% -5.06%
2023 -2.49% -5.18%
2022 -1.91% -2.82%
2021 -3.17% -2.47%
2020 -4.38% -6.5%
2019 1.33% -4.7%
2018 1.88% -2.77%
2017 1.34% -3.42%
2016 1.13% -2.53%
2015 0.91% -4.33%
2014 0.73% -1.06%
2013 0.12% -1.53%
2012 -0.05% -2.7%
2011 -0.84% -4.82%
2010 -4.42% -5.4%
2009 -3.18% -3.55%
2008 -0.26% -2.73%
2007 0.15% -3.52%
2006 -1.76% -3.42%
2005 -3.37% -3.49%
2004 -3.42% -4.62%
2003 -3.83% -4.24%
2002 -4.09% -4.01%
2001 -3.12% -6.34%
2000 -1.71% -6.03%
1999 -1.87% -4.46%
1998 -2.65% -4.89%
1997 -3.03% -
1996 -3.64% -
1995 -9.44% -
1994 -2.54% -
1993 -3.11% -
1992 -2.63% -
1991 -3.21% -
1990 -1.94% -
1989 0.08% -
1988 -2.02% -
1987 -1.85% -
1986 -1.18% -
1985 -1.18% -
1984 -2.04% -
1983 -2.95% -
1982 -3.56% -
1981 -4.03% -
1980 -3.02% -
1979 -2.71% -
1978 -2.62% -
1977 -2.56% -
1976 -3.5% -
1975 -5.78% -
1974 -1.69% -
1973 1.14% -
1972 -0.37% -
1971 0.16% -
1970 0.53% -
1969 -0.43% -
1968 1.39% -
1967 2.73% -
1966 1.76% -
1965 2.26% -
1964 1.49% -
1963 1.43% -
1962 0.49% -
1961 -0.12% -
1960 -0.34% -
1959 0.77% -
1958 1.77% -
1957 1.99% -
1956 0.59% -
1955 -1.41% -
1954 -0.37% -
1953 -0.13% -
1952 0% -
1951 1.15% -
1950 1.81% -
1949 - -
1948 - -
1947 - -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -
1936 - -
1935 - -
1934 -0.64% -
1933 -0.43% -
1932 -1.11% -
1931 -1.03% -
1930 -1.52% -
1929 -0.9% -
1928 -1.47% -
1927 -0.44% -
1926 -1.3% -
1925 0.34% -
1924 - -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 0.007% -
1912 -0.26% -
1911 0.06% -
1910 -0.21% -
1909 0.11% -
1908 -0.11% -
1907 -0.14% -
1906 0.76% -
1905 1.21% -
1904 0.41% -
1903 0.88% -
1902 0.08% -
1901 0.91% -
1900 0.27% -
1899 0.6% -
1898 0.47% -
1897 0.39% -
1896 0.63% -
1895 0.47% -
1894 0.44% -
1893 0.42% -
1892 -0.24% -
1891 1.18% -
1890 0.12% -
1889 1.16% -
1888 0.62% -
1887 0.88% -
1886 0.23% -
1885 0.21% -
1884 0.23% -
1883 0.55% -
1882 0.41% -
1881 0.12% -
1880 -0.13% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

In 2024, Germany's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $125B, equivalent to 2.66% of GDP. This compares to Myanmar's deficit of $3.75B, or 5.06% of GDP.

Over the past 27 years, Germany recorded a fiscal deficit in 19 of those years, while Myanmar ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, Germany posted an annual deficit equal to 1.54% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.95% of GDP for Myanmar.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Germany

Myanmar
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Germany Myanmar
2024 2.26% -
2023 5.95% -
2022 6.87% -
2021 3.07% -
2020 0.14% -
2019 1.45% 8.83%
2018 1.73% 6.87%
2017 1.51% 4.57%
2016 0.49% 6.93%
2015 0.51% 9.45%
2014 0.91% 4.95%
2013 1.5% 5.64%
2012 2.01% 1.47%
2011 2.08% 5.02%
2010 1.1% 7.72%
2009 0.31% 1.47%
2008 2.63% 26.8%
2007 2.3% 35%
2006 1.58% 20%
2005 1.55% 9.37%
2004 1.67% 4.53%
2003 1.03% 36.6%
2002 1.42% 57.1%
2001 1.98% 21.1%
2000 1.44% -0.11%
1999 0.59% 18.4%
1998 0.91% 51.5%
1997 1.94% 29.7%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

Over the past 23 years, Germany has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.42%, compared with 16.2% in Myanmar. In 2019, inflation was 2.26% in Germany and 8.83% in Myanmar.

Top exports between countries

Germany
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $42.2M
Machinery & equipment $14M
Miscellaneous $9.68M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $8.5M
Textiles & consumer goods $4.32M
Raw materials & minerals $1.79M
Raw agricultural goods $975K
Metals $400K
Wood & paper products $339K
Animal & marine products $281K
Myanmar
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $621M
Machinery & equipment $10.2M
Raw materials & minerals $2.17M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.8M
Raw agricultural goods $730K
Chemicals & pharma $340K
Animal & marine products $198K
Wood & paper products $111K
Miscellaneous $74K
Metals $19K

Balance of trade

Germany Myanmar
Current account balance
$270B
2024
$67.7M
2019
Current account balance ranking
2/190
2024
71/190
2019
Current account balance, % of GDP
+5.77%
2024
+0.09%
2019
Goods imports
$1.21T
2024
$13.7B
2019
Goods exports
$1.47T
2024
$10.8B
2019
Service imports
$548B
2024
$3.66B
2019
Service exports
$470B
2024
$6.68B
2019
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.7%
2024
n/a
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
41.4%
2024
24.3%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Germany Myanmar
Economic freedom 71.7 44.5
Economic freedom ranking 30/197 180/197
Property rights 95.5 5.7
Government integrity 84.5 18.1
Judicial effectiveness 94.6 3.9
Tax burden 60.5 88.6
Government spending 28.8 86.6
Fiscal health 83.1 62.7
Business freedom 79.8 37.9
Labor freedom 52.2 53.2
Monetary freedom 72.5 57.5
Trade freedom 79.4 69.4
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Germany
Myanmar
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Germany Myanmar
2026 71.7 44.5
2025 71.6 43.7
2024 72.1 42.2
2023 73.7 46.5
2022 76.1 49.6
2021 72.5 55.2
2020 73.5 54
2019 73.5 53.6
2018 74.2 53.9
2017 73.8 52.5
2016 74.4 48.7
2015 73.8 46.9
2014 73.4 46.5
2013 72.8 39.2
2012 71 38.7
2011 71.8 37.8
2010 71.1 36.7
2009 70.5 37.7
2008 70.6 39.5
2007 70.8 41
2006 70.8 40
2005 68.1 40.5
2004 69.5 43.6
2003 69.7 44.9
2002 70.4 45.5
2001 69.5 46.1
2000 65.7 47.9
1999 65.6 46.4
1998 64.3 45.7
1997 67.5 45.4
1996 69.1 45.1
1995 69.8 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Germany is 71.7, ranking 30/197, compared to 44.5 for Myanmar, ranking 180/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Germany Myanmar
Services, % of GDP
64%
2024
41.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.6%
2024
37.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.91%
2024
20.8%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$4.6T
2024
$65.9B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$76,180
2024
$5,890
2024
Total reserves including gold
$378B
2024
$9.34B
2023
Total reserves ranking
10/177
2024
81/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
$32.6B
2024
-$1.74B
2019
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$47.6B
2024
$1.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$80.2B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
1.31%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.8%
2021
24.8%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.5%
2024
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/myanmar | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.