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Economy of Argentina vs Iceland compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Argentina has a GDP of $683B compared to $38.6B for Iceland, ranking 25/197 and 105/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $549B in government debt (80.3% of GDP), compared to $21.6B (56.1% of GDP) in Iceland.

Argentina vs Iceland GDP by year

Argentina
Iceland
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Iceland
2025 $683,097,891,619 $38,582,528,789
2024 $638,365,455,340 $33,186,621,855
2023 $649,461,687,959 $31,701,996,434
2022 $633,993,756,301 $29,176,227,825
2021 $486,564,085,480 $26,234,872,402
2020 $385,740,508,437 $22,034,665,041
2019 $447,754,683,615 $24,985,687,022
2018 $524,819,892,360 $26,677,652,544
2017 $643,628,393,281 $25,060,086,488
2016 $557,532,320,663 $21,083,713,310
2015 $594,749,285,413 $17,700,486,957
2014 $526,319,673,732 $18,052,183,515
2013 $552,025,140,252 $16,244,319,959
2012 $545,982,375,701 $14,943,757,823
2011 $530,158,122,010 $15,394,005,872
2010 $423,627,422,092 $13,922,711,577
2009 $332,976,484,578 $13,212,543,838
2008 $361,558,037,110 $18,247,921,360
2007 $287,530,508,431 $21,960,110,030
2006 $232,557,260,817 $17,671,649,843
2005 $198,737,095,012 $17,146,410,561
2004 $164,657,930,453 $13,963,943,244
2003 $127,586,973,492 $11,564,687,742
2002 $97,724,004,252 $9,416,199,700
2001 $268,696,750,000 $8,323,401,820
2000 $284,203,750,000 $9,140,168,922
1999 $283,523,000,000 $9,107,644,691
1998 $298,948,250,000 $8,637,732,542
1997 $292,859,000,000 $7,716,781,803
1996 $272,149,750,000 $7,686,566,105
1995 $258,031,750,000 $7,372,640,169
1994 $257,440,000,000 $6,612,804,056
1993 $236,741,715,015 $6,435,952,174
1992 $228,778,917,308 $7,328,497,599
1991 $189,719,984,268 $7,151,260,062
1990 $141,352,654,305 $6,694,851,159
1989 $76,629,728,760 $5,870,854,233
1988 $126,890,235,049 $6,320,093,411
1987 $108,810,885,301 $5,713,281,235
1986 $105,872,372,614 $4,129,080,094
1985 $88,150,891,728 $3,088,359,967
1984 $116,915,052,107 $2,964,568,006
1983 $103,979,106,778 $2,862,634,164
1982 $84,307,486,837 $3,318,714,326
1981 $78,676,842,367 $3,615,094,820
1980 $76,961,923,741 $3,499,616,683
1979 $69,252,328,952 $2,953,176,971
1978 $89,049,453,088 $2,599,627,089
1977 $56,781,000,101 $2,285,707,749
1976 $51,169,499,892 $1,727,845,419
1975 $52,438,647,922 $1,456,052,700
1974 $72,436,777,342 $1,568,154,077
1973 $52,544,000,117 $1,194,794,186
1972 $34,733,000,536 $869,002,946
1971 $33,293,199,095 $693,679,545
1970 $31,584,210,366 $545,115,909
1969 $31,256,284,544 $435,659,610
1968 $26,436,857,247 $498,365,200
1967 $24,256,667,553 $652,609,076
1966 $28,630,474,728 $660,663,763
1965 $28,344,705,967 $550,150,988
1964 $25,605,249,382 $456,206,299
1963 $18,272,123,664 $357,240,896
1962 $18,337,691,145 $299,309,938
1961 $20,132,220,375 $266,711,460
1960 $15,865,474,315 $260,984,499

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Iceland by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Iceland
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Iceland
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $14,898 - $98,323 -
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $85,863 $84,257
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $82,201 $81,608
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $76,377 $75,333
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $70,425 $61,610
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $60,128 $55,797
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $69,296 $60,524
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $75,634 $57,198
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $72,976 $55,638
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $62,854 $53,480
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $53,506 $49,201
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $55,140 $45,997
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $50,173 $44,410
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $46,595 $42,004
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $48,255 $40,937
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $43,776 $39,764
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $41,484 $41,885
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $57,489 $43,728
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $70,483 $41,471
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $58,172 $39,692
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $57,784 $37,323
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $47,810 $35,612
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $39,944 $32,697
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $32,749 $32,607
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $29,208 $31,882
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $32,504 $29,789
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $32,834 $29,558
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $31,519 $28,723
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $28,462 $26,874
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $28,584 $24,776
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $27,565 $23,954
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $24,858 $23,562
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $24,404 $22,460
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $28,072 $21,877
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $27,740 $22,416
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $26,272 $21,985
1989 $2,375 - $23,219 -
1988 $3,993 - $25,307 -
1987 $3,477 - $23,238 -
1986 $3,436 - $16,980 -
1985 $2,906 - $12,793 -
1984 $3,915 - $12,378 -
1983 $3,538 - $12,080 -
1982 $2,915 - $14,191 -
1981 $2,764 - $15,666 -
1980 $2,748 - $15,340 -
1979 $2,512 - $13,082 -
1978 $3,282 - $11,630 -
1977 $2,126 - $10,305 -
1976 $1,947 - $7,848 -
1975 $2,027 - $6,680 -
1974 $2,845 - $7,287 -
1973 $2,098 - $5,627 -
1972 $1,409 - $4,155 -
1971 $1,373 - $3,366 -
1970 $1,323 - $2,666 -
1969 $1,330 - $2,142 -
1968 $1,142 - $2,473 -
1967 $1,064 - $3,284 -
1966 $1,275 - $3,378 -
1965 $1,282 - $2,861 -
1964 $1,176 - $2,414 -
1963 $853 - $1,924 -
1962 $870 - $1,641 -
1961 $971 - $1,490 -
1960 $778 - $1,486 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $14,898, ranking 70/197, compared to $98,323 in Iceland, ranking 8/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Iceland ranks 13th at $84,257.

Economic indicators

Argentina Iceland
Gross domestic product
$683B
2025
$38.6B
2025
GDP rank
25/197
2025
105/197
2025
GDP growth
4.37%
2024-2025
1.28%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$14,898
2025
$98,323
2025
GDP per capita rank
70/197
2025
8/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$84,257
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
13/197
2024
Government debt
$549B
2025
$21.6B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
80.3%
2025
56.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$11,965
2025
$55,165
2025
Government debt per person rank
52/185
2025
9/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,751
2026
$54,153
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
n/a
Number of billionaires
5
2026
1
2026
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
22.4%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
3.7%
2019
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.6%
2025
45%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
41.9%
2024-2025
4.09%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
7.75%
2026
Unemployment rate
7.38%
2025
4.5%
2025
Population
46083022
398674

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Iceland
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Iceland
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 31.6% 80.3% 45% 56.1%
2024 31% 84.7% 47.1% 60.4%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 45.2% 61.5%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 46.2% 66.4%
2021 37.9% 81% 48.7% 73.6%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 50.4% 76.1%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 43% 65.7%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 43.4% 62.3%
2017 41.1% 57% 43.8% 70.8%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 45.8% 81.3%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 43% 96.3%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 45.3% 114.1%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 45.6% 121.1%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 47.2% 132.2%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 50% 136.6%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 48.2% 131.5%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 53.4% 128.2%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 62.8% 109.3%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 44.2% 67.4%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 44.3% 69.8%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 44.2% 67.8%
2004 23% 117.9% 46.2% 80.1%
2003 22% 125.2% 47.3% 84.1%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 45% 81.3%
2001 26.4% 48% 47% 82.5%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 44.3% 74.8%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 44.8% 75.5%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 40.3% 43.3%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 41.4% 51.1%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 42.5% 53.7%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 43% 56.1%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 43.6% 53%
1993 22% 26.9% 43.7% 50.6%
1992 12.1% 25% 43.3% 43.9%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 41.6% 36.4%
1990 11% 48.5% 41.4% 34.4%
1989 11% 118.2% 42.9% 35.3%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 41.4% 30.6%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 36.5% 27.3%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 39.5% 29.9%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 37% 32%
1984 13% 54.6% 34.7% 32.4%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 37.8% 30.8%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 36% 28.9%
1981 17% 26.5% 35.3% 22.4%
1980 15.2% 11.4% 33.9% 24.8%
1979 14.5% 12.4% 32.4% 21.1%
1978 14.9% 17.5% 31.9% 19.8%
1977 12.6% 25.1% 31.7% 18.4%
1976 13% 28.7% 32.1% 17.2%
1975 12.5% 33.8% 36.9% 16.4%
1974 14% 13% 36.6% 12.5%
1973 12.6% 12% 33.7% 11.5%
1972 11.2% 17.1% 33.3% 14.5%
1971 11.7% 15.2% 32.5% 11.7%
1970 12% 13.5% 29.9% 11.4%
1969 12.3% 9.63% 30.3% 14.6%
1968 12.8% 9.43% 33.3% 14.2%
1967 13% 10.9% 31.6% 8.8%
1966 12.1% 13.4% 28.3% 5.56%
1965 11.6% 15.9% 28.3% 7.78%
1964 11.8% 16.8% 28.2% 7.97%
1963 11.2% 23.4% 26.2% 7.89%
1962 11.3% 25.1% 24.9% 7.47%
1961 12.3% 8.69% 25.3% 8.49%
1960 11.3% 8.39% 33.2% 13.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

In 2025, Argentina's government spending was $216B, accounting for 31.6% of its GDP, while Iceland spent $17.4B, or 45% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 80.3% in Argentina and 56.1% in Iceland, ranking 43/185 and 86/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Iceland
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Iceland
2025 -0.38% -2.77%
2024 0.46% -3.71%
2023 -5.33% -2.32%
2022 -3.84% -3.82%
2021 -4.33% -7.96%
2020 -8.67% -8.81%
2019 -4.44% -1.45%
2018 -5.44% 1.04%
2017 -6.69% 1.28%
2016 -6.65% 12.7%
2015 -6% -0.14%
2014 -4.25% 0.59%
2013 -3.25% -0.88%
2012 -3.02% -2.59%
2011 -2.75% -6.42%
2010 -1.39% -6.56%
2009 -1.83% -8.5%
2008 0.35% -12%
2007 0.76% 5.57%
2006 1.65% 6.42%
2005 3.34% 4.96%
2004 3.97% 0.33%
2003 1.5% -2.25%
2002 -1.91% -2.21%
2001 -5.36% -0.27%
2000 -3.42% 1.43%
1999 -3.71% 1.3%
1998 -1.83% -0.55%
1997 -1.84% 0.05%
1996 -2.81% -1.46%
1995 -2.07% -2.77%
1994 -1.25% -4.44%
1993 -0.02% -4.21%
1992 1.54% -1.8%
1991 0.96% -0.63%
1990 -0.14% -3.06%
1989 -0.25% -4.29%
1988 -1.75% -1.93%
1987 1.89% -0.79%
1986 3.3% -3.93%
1985 3.6% -1.56%
1984 -1.39% 2.25%
1983 -2.89% -1.96%
1982 -4.68% 1.72%
1981 -3.93% 1.32%
1980 -1.14% 1.37%
1979 -1.5% -0.07%
1978 -1.36% -0.9%
1977 -0.54% -1.2%
1976 -2.39% 0.02%
1975 -2.9% -3.87%
1974 -1.08% -3.64%
1973 -1.48% -0.74%
1972 -0.12% 0.05%
1971 0.32% -0.69%
1970 1.01% 0.27%
1969 0.54% -0.88%
1968 0.25% -0.89%
1967 0.66% 0.78%
1966 -0.98% 1.69%
1965 -0.89% 0.15%
1964 -1.34% -0.41%
1963 -0.65% 1.8%
1962 -0.47% 2.25%
1961 1.73% 1.64%
1960 -1.98% 2.38%
1959 -4.82% 2.44%
1958 -6.61% 2.16%
1957 -2.72% 1.2%
1956 -3.77% -0.09%
1955 -3.75% 1.57%
1954 -3.21% 1.25%
1953 -3.1% 0.34%
1952 -3.01% 3.33%
1951 -3.52% 2.73%
1950 -3.38% 1.23%
1949 -3.98% -0.3%
1948 -2.73% 0.67%
1947 -1.6% -1.95%
1946 -4.12% -0.37%
1945 -5.25% -2.33%
1944 -4.61% -3.23%
1943 -3.86% -0.89%
1942 -2.9% -0.75%
1941 -2.85% -1.33%
1940 -2.31% -1.35%
1939 -3.09% -2.6%
1938 -2.09% -2.01%
1937 -1.62% -2.6%
1936 -1.44% -3.34%
1935 -1.16% -3.46%
1934 -1.56% -4.79%
1933 -1.27% -3.42%
1932 -1.19% -4.65%
1931 -2.98% -4.27%
1930 -3.94% -4.94%
1929 -1.95% -1.94%
1928 -1.52% -1.94%
1927 -3.3% -3.45%
1926 -1% -2.43%
1925 -0.46% 0.43%
1924 -0.68% -1.78%
1923 -0.93% -4.99%
1922 -1.86% -4.67%
1921 -0.99% -6.12%
1920 0.2% -7.45%
1919 -0.3% -2.5%
1918 -1.14% -7.43%
1917 -2.18% -11.3%
1916 -2.13% -2.53%
1915 -2.64% -2.06%
1914 -3.03% -3.21%
1913 -0.61% -2.3%
1912 -0.78% -2.93%
1911 -2.19% -3.06%
1910 -2.24% -1.27%
1909 -2.57% -2.15%
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

In 2025, Argentina's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.6B, equivalent to 0.38% of GDP. This compares to Iceland's deficit of $1.07B, or 2.77% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 48 of those years, while Iceland ran a deficit in 41 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.49% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1% of GDP for Iceland.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Iceland
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Iceland
2025 41.9% 4.09%
2024 219.9% 5.86%
2023 133.5% 8.74%
2022 72.4% 8.31%
2021 48.4% 4.44%
2020 42% 2.85%
2019 53.5% 3.01%
2018 34.3% 2.68%
2017 25.7% 1.76%
2016 - 1.7%
2015 - 1.63%
2014 - 2.04%
2013 10.6% 3.87%
2012 10% 5.19%
2011 9.8% 4%
2010 10.5% 5.4%
2009 6.3% 12%
2008 8.6% 12.7%
2007 8.8% 5.05%
2006 10.9% 6.69%
2005 9.6% 3.99%
2004 4.4% 3.16%
2003 13.4% 2.06%
2002 25.9% 5.2%
2001 -1.1% 6.41%
2000 -0.9% 5.14%
1999 -1.2% 3.23%
1998 0.9% 1.66%
1997 - 1.82%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.9%, compared with 4.74% in Iceland. In 2025, inflation was 41.9% in Argentina and 4.09% in Iceland.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $3.65M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $512K
Miscellaneous $1K
Iceland
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $2.12M
Transport & tourism services $1.19M
Metals $296K
Business & finance services $228K
Miscellaneous $79K
Animal & marine products $54K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $54K
Textiles & consumer goods $29K
Chemicals & pharma $12K
Raw materials & minerals $1K

Balance of trade

Argentina Iceland
Current account balance
-$7.58B
2025
-$1.34B
2025
Current account balance ranking
169/190
2025
127/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.11%
2025
-3.48%
2025
Goods imports
$71.8B
2025
$10.4B
2025
Goods exports
$87.2B
2025
$7.4B
2025
Service imports
$29.3B
2025
$5.98B
2025
Service exports
$18B
2025
$8.16B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
14.8%
2025
42.4%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.6%
2025
40.1%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Iceland
Economic freedom 57.4 75
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 19/197
Property rights 41.2 94.9
Government integrity 41.2 85
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 95.2
Tax burden 67.8 72.2
Government spending 62.3 37
Fiscal health 72.2 76.2
Business freedom 56.8 86.8
Labor freedom 53.5 59.3
Monetary freedom 28.9 73.5
Trade freedom 67.4 79.8
Investment freedom 70 70
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Iceland
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Iceland
2026 57.4 75
2025 54.2 72.8
2024 49.9 70.5
2023 51 72.2
2022 50.1 77
2021 52.7 77.4
2020 53.1 77.1
2019 52.2 77.1
2018 52.3 77
2017 50.4 74.4
2016 43.8 73.3
2015 44.1 72
2014 44.6 72.4
2013 46.7 72.1
2012 48 70.9
2011 51.7 68.2
2010 51.2 73.7
2009 52.3 75.9
2008 54.2 75.8
2007 54 76
2006 53.4 75.8
2005 51.7 76.6
2004 53.9 72.1
2003 56.3 73.5
2002 65.7 73.1
2001 68.6 73.4
2000 70 74
1999 70.6 71.4
1998 70.9 71.2
1997 73.3 70.5
1996 74.7 -
1995 68 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 75 for Iceland, ranking 19/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Iceland
Services, % of GDP
56.2%
2025
66.2%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
22.9%
2025
20.1%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.53%
2025
3.65%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$672B
2025
$35B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$31,920
2025
$83,250
2025
Total reserves including gold
$41B
2025
$7.73B
2025
Total reserves ranking
54/177
2025
88/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$300M
2025
-$650M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$2.83B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$300M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
8.8%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
16.1%
2025
26.6%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/iceland | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.