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Economy of Argentina vs Tunisia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $51.3B for Tunisia, ranking 24/197 and 93/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $42.8B (83.4% of GDP) in Tunisia.

Argentina vs Tunisia GDP by year

Argentina
Tunisia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Tunisia
2024 $638,365,455,340 $51,332,285,657
2023 $649,461,687,959 $48,205,328,303
2022 $633,993,756,301 $44,929,920,093
2021 $486,564,085,480 $47,073,234,359
2020 $385,740,508,437 $42,491,780,918
2019 $447,754,683,615 $41,905,642,419
2018 $524,819,892,360 $42,686,504,460
2017 $643,628,393,281 $42,163,530,591
2016 $557,532,320,663 $44,360,072,680
2015 $594,749,285,413 $45,779,494,042
2014 $526,319,673,732 $50,271,812,921
2013 $552,025,140,252 $48,685,446,414
2012 $545,982,375,701 $47,311,401,813
2011 $530,158,122,010 $48,123,325,825
2010 $423,627,422,092 $46,206,091,938
2009 $332,976,484,578 $43,455,740,497
2008 $361,558,037,110 $44,859,439,902
2007 $287,530,508,431 $38,915,353,867
2006 $232,557,260,817 $34,376,664,601
2005 $198,737,095,012 $32,272,186,695
2004 $164,657,930,453 $31,183,885,241
2003 $127,586,973,492 $27,453,902,261
2002 $97,724,004,252 $23,141,616,605
2001 $268,696,750,000 $22,065,832,449
2000 $284,203,750,000 $21,473,528,161
1999 $283,523,000,000 $22,943,202,175
1998 $298,948,250,000 $21,802,893,587
1997 $292,859,000,000 $20,746,210,354
1996 $272,149,750,000 $19,587,161,807
1995 $258,031,750,000 $18,030,876,599
1994 $257,440,000,000 $15,633,174,304
1993 $236,741,715,015 $14,608,335,608
1992 $228,778,917,308 $15,496,708,060
1991 $189,719,984,268 $13,074,782,609
1990 $141,352,654,305 $12,290,568,182
1989 $76,629,728,760 $10,101,851,745
1988 $126,890,235,049 $10,096,245,762
1987 $108,810,885,301 $9,696,715,911
1986 $105,872,372,614 $9,017,806,654
1985 $88,150,891,728 $8,410,226,053
1984 $116,915,052,107 $8,254,541,195
1983 $103,979,106,778 $8,350,582,748
1982 $84,307,486,837 $8,133,580,052
1981 $78,676,842,367 $8,428,445,294
1980 $76,961,923,741 $8,744,134,354
1979 $69,252,328,952 $7,188,863,904
1978 $89,049,453,088 $5,968,460,080
1977 $56,781,000,101 $5,109,324,009
1976 $51,169,499,892 $4,508,191,942
1975 $52,438,647,922 $4,328,965,588
1974 $72,436,777,342 $3,545,868,575
1973 $52,544,000,117 $2,730,813,385
1972 $34,733,000,536 $2,237,556,149
1971 $33,293,199,095 $1,685,162,272
1970 $31,584,210,366 $1,439,238,095
1969 $31,256,284,544 $1,289,904,762
1968 $26,436,857,247 $1,214,666,667
1967 $24,256,667,553 $1,085,714,286
1966 $28,630,474,728 $1,040,952,381
1965 $28,344,705,967 $991,047,619
1964 $25,605,249,382 $1,025,866,792
1963 $18,272,123,664 $1,026,737,600
1962 $18,337,691,145 $880,027,733
1961 $20,132,220,375 $866,155,429
1960 $15,865,474,315 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Tunisia by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Tunisia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Tunisia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $4,181 $14,521
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $3,951 $14,041
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $3,707 $13,619
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $3,907 $12,444
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $3,549 $11,918
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $3,529 $12,495
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $3,628 $11,841
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $3,619 $11,289
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $3,848 $10,994
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $4,015 $10,783
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $4,459 $10,947
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $4,370 $10,672
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $4,297 $10,615
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $4,421 $10,436
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $4,292 $10,555
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $4,080 $10,237
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $4,255 $9,975
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $3,727 $9,479
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $3,323 $8,729
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $3,147 $8,117
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $3,067 $7,672
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $2,726 $7,098
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $2,321 $6,715
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $2,236 $6,593
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $2,199 $6,279
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $2,376 $5,930
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $2,285 $5,579
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $2,202 $5,333
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $2,107 $5,040
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $1,968 $4,686
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $1,733 $4,555
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $1,649 $4,401
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $1,785 $4,292
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $1,538 $3,975
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $1,476 $3,780
1989 $2,375 - $1,239 -
1988 $3,993 - $1,266 -
1987 $3,477 - $1,245 -
1986 $3,436 - $1,187 -
1985 $2,906 - $1,135 -
1984 $3,915 - $1,143 -
1983 $3,538 - $1,184 -
1982 $2,915 - $1,177 -
1981 $2,764 - $1,247 -
1980 $2,748 - $1,324 -
1979 $2,512 - $1,113 -
1978 $3,282 - $946 -
1977 $2,126 - $830 -
1976 $1,947 - $752 -
1975 $2,027 - $741 -
1974 $2,845 - $624 -
1973 $2,098 - $493 -
1972 $1,409 - $415 -
1971 $1,373 - $320 -
1970 $1,323 - $280.5 -
1969 $1,330 - $257.7 -
1968 $1,142 - $248.9 -
1967 $1,064 - $228 -
1966 $1,275 - $223.8 -
1965 $1,282 - $217.3 -
1964 $1,176 - $228.5 -
1963 $853 - $231.9 -
1962 $870 - $201.4 -
1961 $971 - $200.7 -
1960 $778 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $4,181 in Tunisia, ranking 129/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Tunisia ranks 114th at $14,521.

Economic indicators

Argentina Tunisia
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$51.3B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
93/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
1.61%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$4,181
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
129/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$14,521
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
114/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$42.8B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
83.4%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$3,487
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
94/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$3,951
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$8.3B
2024
Number of billionaires
5
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
27%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
3.1%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
33.8%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
7%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
7.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
15.1%
2023
Population
46048053
12437803

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Tunisia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Tunisia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 33.8% 83.4%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 35.7% 84%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 36.5% 83%
2021 37.9% 81% 33.2% 79.7%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 34.5% 77.7%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 29.5% 67.3%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 28.7% 72.9%
2017 41.1% 57% 28.7% 67.1%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 27.2% 58.9%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 27.4% 52.4%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 27.7% 50.7%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 30.8% 45.6%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 28.3% 49%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 27.9% 43.3%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 24% 38.8%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 24.6% 40.3%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 23.7% 41.4%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 23.3% 42.7%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 22.9% 45.7%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 23% 50%
2004 23% 117.9% 23% 51.6%
2003 22% 125.2% 23.5% 52.6%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 24.1% 51.6%
2001 26.4% 48% 24% 52.2%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 24% 62.9%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 24% 61.9%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 24.2% 58.2%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 24.5% 66.6%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 26.7% 66.8%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 26.6% 65.6%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 25.9% 63.9%
1993 22% 26.9% 26.7% 63.8%
1992 12.1% 25% 25.7% 62.1%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 27.6% 63.3%
1990 11% 48.5% - -
1989 11% 118.2% - -
1988 12.3% 61.4% - -
1987 13.7% 74.1% - -
1986 13.7% 55.9% - -
1985 14.7% 55.2% - -
1984 13% 54.6% - -
1983 14.2% 64.2% - -
1982 15.9% 52.2% - -
1981 17% 26.5% - -
1980 15.2% 11.4% - -
1979 14.5% 12.4% - -
1978 14.9% 17.5% - -
1977 12.6% 25.1% - -
1976 13% 28.7% - -
1975 12.5% 33.8% - -
1974 14% 13% - -
1973 12.6% 12% - -
1972 11.2% 17.1% - -
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1970 12% 13.5% - -
1969 12.3% 9.63% - -
1968 12.8% 9.43% - -
1967 13% 10.9% - -
1966 12.1% 13.4% - -
1965 11.6% 15.9% - -
1964 11.8% 16.8% - -
1963 11.2% 23.4% - -
1962 11.3% 25.1% - -
1961 12.3% 8.69% - -
1960 11.3% 8.39% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Tunisia spent $17.4B, or 33.8% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 83.4% in Tunisia, ranking 39/185 and 40/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Tunisia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Tunisia
2024 0.46% -5.92%
2023 -5.33% -7.03%
2022 -3.84% -6.91%
2021 -4.33% -7.6%
2020 -8.67% -9.06%
2019 -4.44% -3.6%
2018 -5.44% -4.27%
2017 -6.69% -5.61%
2016 -6.65% -5.87%
2015 -6% -4.95%
2014 -4.25% -3.11%
2013 -3.25% -7.05%
2012 -3.02% -4.9%
2011 -2.75% -3.19%
2010 -1.39% -0.46%
2009 -1.83% -2.59%
2008 0.35% -0.62%
2007 0.76% -2.47%
2006 1.65% -2.33%
2005 3.34% -2.59%
2004 3.97% -2.1%
2003 1.5% -2.64%
2002 -1.91% -2.55%
2001 -5.36% -2.87%
2000 -3.42% -3.22%
1999 -3.71% -3.05%
1998 -1.83% -2.84%
1997 -1.84% -3.7%
1996 -2.81% -5.18%
1995 -2.07% -4.53%
1994 -1.25% -2.87%
1993 -0.02% -3.22%
1992 1.54% -3.45%
1991 0.96% -5.25%
1990 -0.14% -
1989 -0.25% -
1988 -1.75% -
1987 1.89% -
1986 3.3% -
1985 3.6% -
1984 -1.39% -
1983 -2.89% -
1982 -4.68% -
1981 -3.93% -
1980 -1.14% -
1979 -1.5% -
1978 -1.36% -
1977 -0.54% -
1976 -2.39% -
1975 -2.9% -
1974 -1.08% -
1973 -1.48% -
1972 -0.12% -
1971 0.32% -
1970 1.01% -
1969 0.54% -
1968 0.25% -
1967 0.66% -
1966 -0.98% -
1965 -0.89% -
1964 -1.34% -
1963 -0.65% -
1962 -0.47% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 -1.98% -
1959 -4.82% -
1958 -6.61% -
1957 -2.72% -
1956 -3.77% -
1955 -3.75% -
1954 -3.21% -
1953 -3.1% -
1952 -3.01% -
1951 -3.52% -
1950 -3.38% -
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Tunisia's deficit of $3.04B, or 5.92% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 25 of those years, while Tunisia ran a deficit in 34 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 2.28% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.05% of GDP for Tunisia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Tunisia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Tunisia
2024 219.9% 7%
2023 133.5% 9.3%
2022 72.4% 8.3%
2021 48.4% 5.7%
2020 42% 5.6%
2019 53.5% 6.7%
2018 34.3% 7.3%
2017 25.7% 5.3%
2016 - 3.6%
2015 - 4.4%
2014 - 4.6%
2013 10.6% 5.3%
2012 10% 4.6%
2011 9.8% 3.2%
2010 10.5% 4.4%
2009 6.3% 3.5%
2008 8.6% 4.9%
2007 8.8% 3.4%
2006 10.9% 4.1%
2005 9.6% 2%
2004 4.4% 3.7%
2003 13.4% 2.7%
2002 25.9% 2.7%
2001 -1.1% 1.9%
2000 -0.9% 2.8%
1999 -1.2% 2.8%
1998 0.9% 3.1%
1997 - 3.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 4.55% in Tunisia. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 7% in Tunisia.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $35.7M
Miscellaneous $34.5M
Raw agricultural goods $3.19M
Animal & marine products $2.88M
Chemicals & pharma $710K
Machinery & equipment $23K
Tunisia
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $16.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.37M
Machinery & equipment $808K
Textiles & consumer goods $110K
Raw agricultural goods $38K
Chemicals & pharma $14K
Metals $2K

Balance of trade

Argentina Tunisia
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
-$775M
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
117/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
-1.51%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$18.7B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$8.95B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$3.92B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$11.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
56.3%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
50%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Tunisia
Economic freedom 57.4 48.1
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 172/197
Property rights 41.2 55.7
Government integrity 41.2 42.1
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 39.7
Tax burden 67.8 68.5
Government spending 62.3 62.5
Fiscal health 72.2 16
Business freedom 56.8 59.4
Labor freedom 53.5 55.8
Monetary freedom 28.9 72.4
Trade freedom 67.4 54.6
Investment freedom 70 20
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Tunisia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Tunisia
2026 57.4 48.1
2025 54.2 49.1
2024 49.9 48.8
2023 51 52.9
2022 50.1 54.2
2021 52.7 56.6
2020 53.1 55.8
2019 52.2 55.4
2018 52.3 58.9
2017 50.4 55.7
2016 43.8 57.6
2015 44.1 57.7
2014 44.6 57.3
2013 46.7 57
2012 48 58.6
2011 51.7 58.5
2010 51.2 58.9
2009 52.3 58
2008 54.2 60.1
2007 54 60.3
2006 53.4 57.5
2005 51.7 55.4
2004 53.9 58.4
2003 56.3 58.1
2002 65.7 60.2
2001 68.6 60.8
2000 70 61.3
1999 70.6 61.1
1998 70.9 63.9
1997 73.3 63.8
1996 74.7 63.9
1995 68 63.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/tunisia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 48.1 for Tunisia, ranking 172/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Tunisia
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
62.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
22.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
9.74%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$47.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$14,230
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$9.34B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
80/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$725M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$760M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$34.6M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
10.9%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
16.6%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
7.86%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.