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Economy of Argentina vs Israel compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $540B for Israel, ranking 24/197 and 29/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $366B (67.6% of GDP) in Israel.

Argentina vs Israel GDP by year

Argentina
Israel
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Israel
2024 $638,365,455,340 $540,379,921,262
2023 $649,461,687,959 $512,184,638,999
2022 $633,993,756,301 $525,181,008,026
2021 $486,564,085,480 $489,851,549,972
2020 $385,740,508,437 $410,768,352,658
2019 $447,754,683,615 $400,645,216,359
2018 $524,819,892,360 $376,299,083,108
2017 $643,628,393,281 $358,451,839,053
2016 $557,532,320,663 $321,940,971,558
2015 $594,749,285,413 $303,469,434,072
2014 $526,319,673,732 $315,017,088,117
2013 $552,025,140,252 $298,478,070,673
2012 $545,982,375,701 $263,589,172,712
2011 $530,158,122,010 $268,094,998,225
2010 $423,627,422,092 $239,679,036,634
2009 $332,976,484,578 $213,403,181,853
2008 $361,558,037,110 $221,231,658,863
2007 $287,530,508,431 $184,681,214,673
2006 $232,557,260,817 $158,900,547,825
2005 $198,737,095,012 $147,519,922,009
2004 $164,657,930,453 $140,047,984,605
2003 $127,586,973,492 $131,408,914,824
2002 $97,724,004,252 $125,332,331,884
2001 $268,696,750,000 $135,002,039,613
2000 $284,203,750,000 $136,512,300,542
1999 $283,523,000,000 $121,417,185,062
1998 $298,948,250,000 $120,547,409,279
1997 $292,859,000,000 $119,459,826,347
1996 $272,149,750,000 $115,116,595,545
1995 $258,031,750,000 $105,497,418,059
1994 $257,440,000,000 $90,740,103,829
1993 $236,741,715,015 $79,855,877,174
1992 $228,778,917,308 $79,457,685,757
1991 $189,719,984,268 $70,998,755,007
1990 $141,352,654,305 $62,016,729,541
1989 $76,629,728,760 $52,443,479,454
1988 $126,890,235,049 $52,650,948,910
1987 $108,810,885,301 $43,049,543,635
1986 $105,872,372,614 $35,834,154,874
1985 $88,150,891,728 $28,905,736,367
1984 $116,915,052,107 $30,645,607,293
1983 $103,979,106,778 $32,675,755,462
1982 $84,307,486,837 $29,255,285,401
1981 $78,676,842,367 $26,882,009,819
1980 $76,961,923,741 $25,395,256,478
1979 $69,252,328,952 $22,609,741,060
1978 $89,049,453,088 $17,701,286,907
1977 $56,781,000,101 $18,257,113,904
1976 $51,169,499,892 $15,956,349,550
1975 $52,438,647,922 $16,141,767,373
1974 $72,436,777,342 $17,172,607,138
1973 $52,544,000,117 $11,902,574,259
1972 $34,733,000,536 $9,222,557,539
1971 $33,293,199,095 $7,052,544,000
1970 $31,584,210,366 $7,406,712,876
1969 $31,256,284,544 $6,297,852,761
1968 $26,436,857,247 $5,458,427,928
1967 $24,256,667,553 $4,762,386,783
1966 $28,630,474,728 $4,703,300,098
1965 $28,344,705,967 $4,329,084,429
1964 $25,605,249,382 $4,024,344,853
1963 $18,272,123,664 $3,535,949,089
1962 $18,337,691,145 $2,966,154,031
1961 $20,132,220,375 $3,708,586,471
1960 $15,865,474,315 $3,070,585,807

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Israel by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Israel
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Israel
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $54,177 $57,236
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $52,004 $55,171
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $54,950 $53,619
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $52,271 $46,162
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $44,576 $40,955
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $44,251 $41,325
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $42,363 $40,190
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $41,138 $39,471
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $37,672 $38,189
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $36,213 $35,871
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $38,343 $34,816
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $37,034 $34,827
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $33,321 $32,484
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $34,523 $31,314
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $31,439 $29,456
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $28,508 $28,087
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $30,269 $28,084
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $25,721 $28,307
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $22,527 $26,385
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $21,287 $25,701
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $20,568 $26,078
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $19,643 $24,702
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $19,076 $26,101
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $20,966 $25,806
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $21,707 $25,766
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $19,823 $23,415
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $20,189 $22,927
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $20,469 $22,279
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $20,224 $21,672
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $19,026 $20,642
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $16,807 $19,478
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $15,179 $18,218
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $15,510 $17,553
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $14,346 $16,486
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $13,308 $15,721
1989 $2,375 - $11,608 -
1988 $3,993 - $11,853 -
1987 $3,477 - $9,853 -
1986 $3,436 - $8,335 -
1985 $2,906 - $6,829 -
1984 $3,915 - $7,369 -
1983 $3,538 - $7,960 -
1982 $2,915 - $7,258 -
1981 $2,764 - $6,795 -
1980 $2,748 - $6,549 -
1979 $2,512 - $5,972 -
1978 $3,282 - $4,797 -
1977 $2,126 - $5,053 -
1976 $1,947 - $4,516 -
1975 $2,027 - $4,672 -
1974 $2,845 - $5,085 -
1973 $2,098 - $3,631 -
1972 $1,409 - $2,930 -
1971 $1,373 - $2,298 -
1970 $1,323 - $2,490 -
1969 $1,330 - $2,189 -
1968 $1,142 - $1,947 -
1967 $1,064 - $1,735 -
1966 $1,275 - $1,789 -
1965 $1,282 - $1,689 -
1964 $1,176 - $1,626 -
1963 $853 - $1,486 -
1962 $870 - $1,294 -
1961 $971 - $1,697 -
1960 $778 - $1,452 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $54,177 in Israel, ranking 21/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Israel ranks 36th at $57,236.

Economic indicators

Argentina Israel
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$540B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
29/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
0.87%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$54,177
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
21/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$57,236
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
36/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$366B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
67.6%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$36,645
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
18/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$43,003
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$331B
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
179,905
2025
Number of billionaires
5
2025
41
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
26.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
2%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
43.8%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
3.07%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
4.5%
2024
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
2.9%
2024
Population
46048053
10290887

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Israel
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Israel
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 43.8% 67.6%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 39.3% 61.3%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 36.9% 60.3%
2021 37.9% 81% 40% 67.7%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 44.8% 71.1%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 38.7% 59.3%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 39.2% 60.1%
2017 41.1% 57% 38.3% 59.8%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 37.9% 61.7%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 37.6% 62.8%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 38.3% 64.9%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 39.7% 66%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 39.6% 66.9%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 39.3% 67.2%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 39.7% 69%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 41.4% 72.6%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 41.2% 70.2%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 40.2% 70.8%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 41.6% 77.7%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 42.3% 85.2%
2004 23% 117.9% 43% 88.3%
2003 22% 125.2% 45.4% 89.7%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 50% 87.2%
2001 26.4% 48% 46.1% 81.1%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 43.4% 77.2%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 53.6% 94.8%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 55% 101%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 52.6% 99.3%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 53.2% 100.3%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 52.8% 102.3%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 41.7% 110.2%
1993 22% 26.9% 42.2% 118.3%
1992 12.1% 25% 44.1% 119.6%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 34.4% 123.7%
1990 11% 48.5% 46.8% 138.3%
1989 11% 118.2% 47.5% 147.4%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 46.5% 145.4%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 52.8% 143.2%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 55.7% 162.5%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 65.2% 199%
1984 13% 54.6% - 284%
1983 14.2% 64.2% - 260.5%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 69.7% -
1981 17% 26.5% 71.8% -
1980 15.2% 11.4% 69.4% 154.3%
1979 14.5% 12.4% 70.1% 155.5%
1978 14.9% 17.5% 62.2% 133.6%
1977 12.6% 25.1% 69.1% 142%
1976 13% 28.7% 66.3% 97.4%
1975 12.5% 33.8% 62% 85.1%
1974 14% 13% - 79.8%
1973 12.6% 12% - 62.1%
1972 11.2% 17.1% - 63.9%
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1970 12% 13.5% 41.6% -
1969 12.3% 9.63% 41.1% -
1968 12.8% 9.43% 39.4% -
1967 13% 10.9% 33.9% -
1966 12.1% 13.4% 29.6% -
1965 11.6% 15.9% 27.8% -
1964 11.8% 16.8% 28.2% -
1963 11.2% 23.4% 26.9% -
1962 11.3% 25.1% 27.7% -
1961 12.3% 8.69% 30.3% -
1960 11.3% 8.39% 30.4% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Israel spent $237B, or 43.8% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 67.6% in Israel, ranking 39/185 and 62/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Israel
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Israel
2024 0.46% -8.26%
2023 -5.33% -5.06%
2022 -3.84% 0.32%
2021 -4.33% -3.37%
2020 -8.67% -10.7%
2019 -4.44% -3.79%
2018 -5.44% -3.56%
2017 -6.69% -1.13%
2016 -6.65% -1.79%
2015 -6% -1.21%
2014 -4.25% -2.29%
2013 -3.25% -4.06%
2012 -3.02% -4.46%
2011 -2.75% -3.43%
2010 -1.39% -3.72%
2009 -1.83% -6.53%
2008 0.35% -3.5%
2007 0.76% -0.43%
2006 1.65% -0.95%
2005 3.34% -2.74%
2004 3.97% -3.4%
2003 1.5% -5.03%
2002 -1.91% -8.22%
2001 -5.36% -4.06%
2000 -3.42% -0.8%
1999 -3.71% -6.26%
1998 -1.83% -7.99%
1997 -1.84% -4.84%
1996 -2.81% -5.97%
1995 -2.07% -4.28%
1994 -1.25% -5.62%
1993 -0.02% -5.62%
1992 1.54% -8%
1991 0.96% -7.04%
1990 -0.14% -9.67%
1989 -0.25% -9.03%
1988 -1.75% -7.57%
1987 1.89% -7.47%
1986 3.3% -7.51%
1985 3.6% -14.2%
1984 -1.39% -
1983 -2.89% -
1982 -4.68% -13.8%
1981 -3.93% -23.5%
1980 -1.14% -19.6%
1979 -1.5% -16.7%
1978 -1.36% -14.7%
1977 -0.54% -20.3%
1976 -2.39% -19.4%
1975 -2.9% -19.6%
1974 -1.08% -
1973 -1.48% -
1972 -0.12% -
1971 0.32% -
1970 1.01% -16%
1969 0.54% -15.3%
1968 0.25% -11.7%
1967 0.66% -7.68%
1966 -0.98% -4.35%
1965 -0.89% -2.72%
1964 -1.34% -3.65%
1963 -0.65% -4.41%
1962 -0.47% -4.09%
1961 1.73% -5.86%
1960 -1.98% -6.62%
1959 -4.82% -7.23%
1958 -6.61% -8.31%
1957 -2.72% -7.17%
1956 -3.77% -9.3%
1955 -3.75% -4.3%
1954 -3.21% -7.84%
1953 -3.1% -8.32%
1952 -3.01% -7.19%
1951 -3.52% -8.13%
1950 -3.38% -10.7%
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1993–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Israel's deficit of $44.6B, or 8.26% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 47 of those years, while Israel ran a deficit in 58 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.51% of GDP, compared to deficit of 7.34% of GDP for Israel.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Israel
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Israel
2024 219.9% 3.07%
2023 133.5% 4.23%
2022 72.4% 4.41%
2021 48.4% 1.48%
2020 42% -0.58%
2019 53.5% 0.82%
2018 34.3% 0.81%
2017 25.7% 0.25%
2016 - -0.54%
2015 - -0.62%
2014 - 0.47%
2013 10.6% 1.59%
2012 10% 1.68%
2011 9.8% 3.49%
2010 10.5% 2.7%
2009 6.3% 3.37%
2008 8.6% 4.53%
2007 8.8% 0.47%
2006 10.9% 2.05%
2005 9.6% 1.34%
2004 4.4% -0.42%
2003 13.4% 0.71%
2002 25.9% 5.8%
2001 -1.1% 1.12%
2000 -0.9% 1.03%
1999 -1.2% 5.19%
1998 0.9% 5.49%
1997 - 8.95%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 2% in Israel. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 3.07% in Israel.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $294M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $83M
Miscellaneous $50.6M
Raw agricultural goods $9.25M
Machinery & equipment $1.01M
Chemicals & pharma $813K
Metals $34K
Wood & paper products $27K
Textiles & consumer goods $7K
Israel
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $68.3M
Chemicals & pharma $61.5M
Raw materials & minerals $25.3M
Textiles & consumer goods $13.5M
Metals $4.11M
Raw agricultural goods $1.29M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.22M
Animal & marine products $899K
Wood & paper products $539K
Precious metals & jewellery $239K

Balance of trade

Argentina Israel
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
$15.5B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
21/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
+2.86%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$96.3B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$70B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$44.4B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$83.7B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
26%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
28.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Israel
Economic freedom 57.4 68.4
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 47/197
Property rights 41.2 73.1
Government integrity 41.2 66.2
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 68.1
Tax burden 67.8 60.2
Government spending 62.3 52
Fiscal health 72.2 60.8
Business freedom 56.8 72.4
Labor freedom 53.5 56.8
Monetary freedom 28.9 78.2
Trade freedom 67.4 82.8
Investment freedom 70 70
Financial freedom 70 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Israel
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Israel
2026 57.4 68.4
2025 54.2 69.9
2024 49.9 70.1
2023 51 68.9
2022 50.1 68
2021 52.7 73.8
2020 53.1 74
2019 52.2 72.8
2018 52.3 72.2
2017 50.4 69.7
2016 43.8 70.7
2015 44.1 70.5
2014 44.6 68.4
2013 46.7 66.9
2012 48 67.8
2011 51.7 68.5
2010 51.2 67.7
2009 52.3 67.6
2008 54.2 66.3
2007 54 64.8
2006 53.4 64.4
2005 51.7 62.6
2004 53.9 61.4
2003 56.3 62.7
2002 65.7 66.9
2001 68.6 66.1
2000 70 65.5
1999 70.6 68.3
1998 70.9 68
1997 73.3 62.7
1996 74.7 62
1995 68 61.5

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 68.4 for Israel, ranking 47/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Israel
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
72.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
17.3%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
1.28%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$528B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$56,790
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$215B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
18/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$4.86B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$14.8B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$9.92B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
22%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
23.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/israel | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.