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Economy of Argentina vs Ireland compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $609B for Ireland, ranking 24/197 and 25/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $236B (38.8% of GDP) in Ireland.

Argentina vs Ireland GDP by year

Argentina
Ireland
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Ireland
2024 $638,365,455,340 $609,157,459,747
2023 $649,461,687,959 $567,372,737,459
2022 $633,993,756,301 $548,341,794,599
2021 $486,564,085,480 $530,394,123,830
2020 $385,740,508,437 $436,009,027,819
2019 $447,754,683,615 $407,211,793,801
2018 $524,819,892,360 $395,780,319,817
2017 $643,628,393,281 $348,355,212,569
2016 $557,532,320,663 $305,431,252,709
2015 $594,749,285,413 $302,101,388,556
2014 $526,319,673,732 $266,490,442,124
2013 $552,025,140,252 $242,924,245,719
2012 $545,982,375,701 $226,921,827,888
2011 $530,158,122,010 $240,975,871,047
2010 $423,627,422,092 $221,732,824,603
2009 $332,976,484,578 $236,443,115,854
2008 $361,558,037,110 $275,447,471,451
2007 $287,530,508,431 $270,079,279,420
2006 $232,557,260,817 $232,180,617,162
2005 $198,737,095,012 $211,876,989,656
2004 $164,657,930,453 $194,372,115,041
2003 $127,586,973,492 $164,670,771,260
2002 $97,724,004,252 $128,596,035,288
2001 $268,696,750,000 $109,346,669,230
2000 $284,203,750,000 $100,207,610,430
1999 $283,523,000,000 $98,893,958,263
1998 $298,948,250,000 $90,199,410,116
1997 $292,859,000,000 $82,856,648,758
1996 $272,149,750,000 $75,790,786,290
1995 $258,031,750,000 $69,139,823,232
1994 $257,440,000,000 $57,097,656,066
1993 $236,741,715,015 $52,417,477,614
1992 $228,778,917,308 $55,918,538,121
1991 $189,719,984,268 $49,787,501,584
1990 $141,352,654,305 $49,305,632,408
1989 $76,629,728,760 $39,238,392,678
1988 $126,890,235,049 $37,772,896,221
1987 $108,810,885,301 $33,920,518,493
1986 $105,872,372,614 $28,714,571,852
1985 $88,150,891,728 $21,270,013,326
1984 $116,915,052,107 $20,106,648,455
1983 $103,979,106,778 $20,766,047,764
1982 $84,307,486,837 $21,474,752,962
1981 $78,676,842,367 $20,670,190,138
1980 $76,961,923,741 $21,747,855,640
1979 $69,252,328,952 $18,319,334,300
1978 $89,049,453,088 $14,647,996,074
1977 $56,781,000,101 $11,248,340,431
1976 $51,169,499,892 $9,453,756,015
1975 $52,438,647,922 $9,483,808,362
1974 $72,436,777,342 $7,896,860,615
1973 $52,544,000,117 $7,481,173,066
1972 $34,733,000,536 $6,318,060,582
1971 $33,293,199,095 $5,098,250,287
1970 $31,584,210,366 $4,395,995,086
1969 $31,256,284,544 $3,902,721,632
1968 $26,436,857,247 $3,378,701,147
1967 $24,256,667,553 $3,445,739,915
1966 $28,630,474,728 $3,198,820,904
1965 $28,344,705,967 $3,035,655,794
1964 $25,605,249,382 $2,851,091,646
1963 $18,272,123,664 $2,505,073,358
1962 $18,337,691,145 $2,329,372,972
1961 $20,132,220,375 $2,151,772,980
1960 $15,865,474,315 $1,998,550,222

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Ireland by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Ireland
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Ireland
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $112,895 $133,437
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $106,819 $129,683
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $105,191 $138,523
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $103,783 $116,904
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $86,514 $97,800
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $81,828 $92,023
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $80,804 $86,299
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $72,161 $80,450
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $64,130 $73,013
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $64,250 $71,588
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $57,215 $52,641
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $52,538 $48,839
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $49,336 $46,726
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $52,614 $45,526
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $48,624 $43,212
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $52,133 $41,491
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $61,353 $44,169
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $61,396 $46,782
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $54,329 $44,223
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $50,933 $40,466
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $47,754 $38,729
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $41,204 $36,280
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $32,705 $35,222
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $28,282 $32,573
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $26,335 $30,216
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $26,338 $27,041
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $24,295 $25,094
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $22,551 $22,637
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $20,836 $20,482
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $19,158 $18,944
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $15,903 $17,011
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $14,657 $15,811
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $15,714 $15,116
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $14,087 $14,399
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $14,031 $13,743
1989 $2,375 - $11,176 -
1988 $3,993 - $10,716 -
1987 $3,477 - $9,582 -
1986 $3,436 - $8,112 -
1985 $2,906 - $6,012 -
1984 $3,915 - $5,692 -
1983 $3,538 - $5,915 -
1982 $2,915 - $6,161 -
1981 $2,764 - $5,986 -
1980 $2,748 - $6,372 -
1979 $2,512 - $5,430 -
1978 $3,282 - $4,400 -
1977 $2,126 - $3,427 -
1976 $1,947 - $2,920 -
1975 $2,027 - $2,973 -
1974 $2,845 - $2,517 -
1973 $2,098 - $2,424 -
1972 $1,409 - $2,080 -
1971 $1,373 - $1,704 -
1970 $1,323 - $1,487 -
1969 $1,330 - $1,331 -
1968 $1,142 - $1,159 -
1967 $1,064 - $1,187 -
1966 $1,275 - $1,107 -
1965 $1,282 - $1,055 -
1964 $1,176 - $995 -
1963 $853 - $878 -
1962 $870 - $821 -
1961 $971 - $762 -
1960 $778 - $707 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $112,895 in Ireland, ranking 4/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Ireland ranks 4th at $133,437.

Economic indicators

Argentina Ireland
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$609B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
25/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
2.6%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$112,895
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
4/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$133,437
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
4/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$236B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
38.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$43,766
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
11/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$47,851
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$110B
2018
Number of billionaires
5
2025
11
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
24.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
3.7%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
22.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
2.11%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
4.27%
2024
Population
46048053
5518360

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Ireland
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Ireland
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 22.3% 38.8%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 22.1% 42.1%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 20.6% 43.2%
2021 37.9% 81% 23.6% 52.7%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 26.7% 57.1%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 23.9% 55.9%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 24.7% 61.4%
2017 41.1% 57% 25.3% 65.3%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 27.5% 72.7%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 28.1% 74%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 36.6% 101.4%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 39.8% 117.7%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 42.3% 118.9%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 46.9% 109.6%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 64.9% 86.2%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 46.9% 61.8%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 41.6% 42.5%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 35.6% 23.9%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 33.6% 23.7%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 33% 26.1%
2004 23% 117.9% 32.8% 28.1%
2003 22% 125.2% 32.7% 29.8%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 32.9% 30.9%
2001 26.4% 48% 32.2% 33.6%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 30.6% 36.4%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 32.5% 46.6%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 34.2% 51.4%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 36.1% 61.6%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 38.5% 69.8%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 40.3% 78.5%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 44.2% 88%
1993 22% 26.9% 44.6% 93.4%
1992 12.1% 25% 46.8% 90.6%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 46.1% 93.8%
1990 11% 48.5% 44.6% 92.7%
1989 11% 118.2% 42.5% 97.9%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 48.2% 106.5%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 51.4% 108.3%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 52.9% 107.2%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 53.2% 93%
1984 13% 54.6% 52.7% 90.2%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 55.6% 86.1%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 56.7% 73.5%
1981 17% 26.5% 54.1% 68.8%
1980 15.2% 11.4% 53.7% 64.6%
1979 14.5% 12.4% 48.7% 63.5%
1978 14.9% 17.5% 46.2% 50.6%
1977 12.6% 25.1% 44.6% 49.2%
1976 13% 28.7% 47.8% 51.7%
1975 12.5% 33.8% 48.2% 48.3%
1974 14% 13% 44.3% 43.5%
1973 12.6% 12% 40.3% 35.1%
1972 11.2% 17.1% 41.5% 37.3%
1971 11.7% 15.2% 45.3% 39.8%
1970 12% 13.5% 44.1% 41.7%
1969 12.3% 9.63% 42.5% 42.6%
1968 12.8% 9.43% 40% 44.7%
1967 13% 10.9% 39.3% 47.1%
1966 12.1% 13.4% 36.9% 47.7%
1965 11.6% 15.9% 35.8% 44.6%
1964 11.8% 16.8% 34.8% 43.1%
1963 11.2% 23.4% 33.6% 45.2%
1962 11.3% 25.1% 31.7% 44.5%
1961 12.3% 8.69% 31.4% 44.3%
1960 11.3% 8.39% 29.1% 44.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Ireland spent $136B, or 22.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 38.8% in Ireland, ranking 39/185 and 138/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Ireland
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Ireland
2024 0.46% 4.09%
2023 -5.33% 1.52%
2022 -3.84% 1.67%
2021 -4.33% -1.37%
2020 -8.67% -4.87%
2019 -4.44% 0.41%
2018 -5.44% 0.09%
2017 -6.69% -0.3%
2016 -6.65% -0.76%
2015 -6% -1.97%
2014 -4.25% -3.52%
2013 -3.25% -6.28%
2012 -3.02% -8.42%
2011 -2.75% -13.5%
2010 -1.39% -32.1%
2009 -1.83% -13.9%
2008 0.35% -7.03%
2007 0.76% 0.27%
2006 1.65% 2.78%
2005 3.34% 1.57%
2004 3.97% 1.3%
2003 1.5% 0.35%
2002 -1.91% -0.52%
2001 -5.36% 0.96%
2000 -3.42% 4.86%
1999 -3.71% 3.54%
1998 -1.83% 2.07%
1997 -1.84% 1.37%
1996 -2.81% -0.2%
1995 -2.07% -2.07%
1994 -1.25% -1.82%
1993 -0.02% -2.62%
1992 1.54% -2.84%
1991 0.96% -2.8%
1990 -0.14% -2.69%
1989 -0.25% -2.64%
1988 -1.75% -4.62%
1987 1.89% -8.47%
1986 3.3% -10.5%
1985 3.6% -10.7%
1984 -1.39% -9.43%
1983 -2.89% -11.5%
1982 -4.68% -13.1%
1981 -3.93% -12.1%
1980 -1.14% -11.1%
1979 -1.5% -10%
1978 -1.36% -8.27%
1977 -0.54% -6.44%
1976 -2.39% -7.34%
1975 -2.9% -11.1%
1974 -1.08% -6.96%
1973 -1.48% -3.84%
1972 -0.12% -3.23%
1971 0.32% -3.5%
1970 1.01% -3.64%
1969 0.54% -3.4%
1968 0.25% -2.72%
1967 0.66% -2.69%
1966 -0.98% -2.26%
1965 -0.89% -3.5%
1964 -1.34% -3.35%
1963 -0.65% -2.92%
1962 -0.47% -2.91%
1961 1.73% -2.6%
1960 -1.98% -1.97%
1959 -4.82% -2.16%
1958 -6.61% -4.3%
1957 -2.72% -5.19%
1956 -3.77% -3.23%
1955 -3.75% -5.06%
1954 -3.21% -5.28%
1953 -3.1% -5.77%
1952 -3.01% -7.84%
1951 -3.52% -4.62%
1950 -3.38% -5.21%
1949 -3.98% -2.17%
1948 -2.73% -1.29%
1947 -1.6% -1.8%
1946 -4.12% -0.43%
1945 -5.25% -0.43%
1944 -4.61% 0.39%
1943 -3.86% -1.18%
1942 -2.9% -2.48%
1941 -2.85% -1.42%
1940 -2.31% -0.15%
1939 -3.09% -7.31%
1938 -2.09% -0.92%
1937 -1.62% -0.77%
1936 -1.44% -0.19%
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% 2.97%
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -1.63%
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -3.41%
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -1.95%
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Ireland's surplus of $24.9B, or 4.09% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 47 of those years, while Ireland ran a deficit in 50 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.51% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.15% of GDP for Ireland.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Ireland
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Ireland
2024 219.9% 2.11%
2023 133.5% 6.3%
2022 72.4% 7.83%
2021 48.4% 2.34%
2020 42% -0.33%
2019 53.5% 0.94%
2018 34.3% 0.47%
2017 25.7% 0.36%
2016 - 0.02%
2015 - -0.33%
2014 - 0.19%
2013 10.6% 0.52%
2012 10% 1.69%
2011 9.8% 2.55%
2010 10.5% -0.92%
2009 6.3% -4.45%
2008 8.6% 4.04%
2007 8.8% 4.89%
2006 10.9% 3.94%
2005 9.6% 2.46%
2004 4.4% 2.18%
2003 13.4% 3.49%
2002 25.9% 4.63%
2001 -1.1% 4.85%
2000 -0.9% 5.58%
1999 -1.2% 1.63%
1998 0.9% 2.41%
1997 - 1.54%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 2.2% in Ireland. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 2.11% in Ireland.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $341M
Chemicals & pharma $99.2M
Miscellaneous $63M
Raw agricultural goods $1.91M
Animal & marine products $524K
Wood & paper products $132K
Machinery & equipment $24K
Textiles & consumer goods $14K
Ireland
Export category Export value
Business & finance services $94.9M
Chemicals & pharma $77M
Machinery & equipment $18.9M
Transport & tourism services $8.42M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $5.13M
IT & IP services $4.72M
Precious metals & jewellery $499K
Raw materials & minerals $402K
Animal & marine products $254K
Raw agricultural goods $181K

Balance of trade

Argentina Ireland
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
$106B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
6/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
+17.4%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$165B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$356B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$467B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$526B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
102.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
144%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Ireland
Economic freedom 57.4 83.3
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 3/197
Property rights 41.2 94.4
Government integrity 41.2 84
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 95.4
Tax burden 67.8 77.7
Government spending 62.3 85.9
Fiscal health 72.2 97
Business freedom 56.8 85.5
Labor freedom 53.5 61.3
Monetary freedom 28.9 79.3
Trade freedom 67.4 79.4
Investment freedom 70 90
Financial freedom 70 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Ireland
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Ireland
2026 57.4 83.3
2025 54.2 83.1
2024 49.9 82.6
2023 51 82
2022 50.1 82
2021 52.7 81.4
2020 53.1 80.9
2019 52.2 80.5
2018 52.3 80.4
2017 50.4 76.7
2016 43.8 77.3
2015 44.1 76.6
2014 44.6 76.2
2013 46.7 75.7
2012 48 76.9
2011 51.7 78.7
2010 51.2 81.3
2009 52.3 82.2
2008 54.2 82.5
2007 54 82.6
2006 53.4 82.2
2005 51.7 80.8
2004 53.9 80.3
2003 56.3 80.9
2002 65.7 80.5
2001 68.6 81.2
2000 70 76.1
1999 70.6 74.6
1998 70.9 73.7
1997 73.3 72.6
1996 74.7 68.5
1995 68 68.5

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 83.3 for Ireland, ranking 3/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Ireland
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
60.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
33.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
1.02%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$435B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$101,180
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$12.7B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
73/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
$62.3B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$4.82B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$67.1B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
14%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
18.2%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/ireland | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2018–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.