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Economy of Argentina vs Lesotho compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Argentina has a GDP of $683B compared to $2.57B for Lesotho, ranking 25/197 and 175/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $549B in government debt (80.3% of GDP), compared to $1.26B (49.1% of GDP) in Lesotho.

Argentina vs Lesotho GDP by year

Argentina
Lesotho
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Lesotho
2025 $683,097,891,619 $2,573,572,920
2024 $638,365,455,340 $2,391,282,548
2023 $649,461,687,959 $2,129,871,530
2022 $633,993,756,301 $2,354,980,960
2021 $486,564,085,480 $2,412,130,057
2020 $385,740,508,437 $2,053,699,864
2019 $447,754,683,615 $2,390,702,296
2018 $524,819,892,360 $2,556,247,292
2017 $643,628,393,281 $2,306,741,672
2016 $557,532,320,663 $2,114,426,452
2015 $594,749,285,413 $2,359,686,725
2014 $526,319,673,732 $2,441,063,054
2013 $552,025,140,252 $2,367,112,932
2012 $545,982,375,701 $2,477,702,216
2011 $530,158,122,010 $2,579,409,620
2010 $423,627,422,092 $2,234,754,242
2009 $332,976,484,578 $1,740,894,965
2008 $361,558,037,110 $1,766,902,709
2007 $287,530,508,431 $1,682,131,785
2006 $232,557,260,817 $1,800,092,564
2005 $198,737,095,012 $1,682,343,527
2004 $164,657,930,453 $1,511,236,656
2003 $127,586,973,492 $1,157,825,435
2002 $97,724,004,252 $775,777,239
2001 $268,696,750,000 $825,706,961
2000 $284,203,750,000 $887,291,688
1999 $283,523,000,000 $912,773,681
1998 $298,948,250,000 $928,460,893
1997 $292,859,000,000 $998,004,259
1996 $272,149,750,000 $946,112,493
1995 $258,031,750,000 $1,001,894,000
1994 $257,440,000,000 $878,250,945
1993 $236,741,715,015 $835,582,062
1992 $228,778,917,308 $831,029,862
1991 $189,719,984,268 $704,325,367
1990 $141,352,654,305 $596,410,264
1989 $76,629,728,760 $495,409,233
1988 $126,890,235,049 $470,395,801
1987 $108,810,885,301 $402,768,324
1986 $105,872,372,614 $318,858,423
1985 $88,150,891,728 $268,629,926
1984 $116,915,052,107 $333,163,670
1983 $103,979,106,778 $386,699,309
1982 $84,307,486,837 $348,741,684
1981 $78,676,842,367 $434,188,034
1980 $76,961,923,741 $431,542,537
1979 $69,252,328,952 $290,134,593
1978 $89,049,453,088 $266,570,067
1977 $56,781,000,101 $193,315,048
1976 $51,169,499,892 $147,660,037
1975 $52,438,647,922 $149,558,896
1974 $72,436,777,342 $150,851,317
1973 $52,544,000,117 $121,188,716
1972 $34,733,000,536 $80,913,200
1971 $33,293,199,095 $76,480,285
1970 $31,584,210,366 $68,739,973
1969 $31,256,284,544 $65,967,974
1968 $26,436,857,247 $61,445,975
1967 $24,256,667,553 $59,261,976
1966 $28,630,474,728 $56,699,977
1965 $28,344,705,967 $54,879,978
1964 $25,605,249,382 $51,939,979
1963 $18,272,123,664 $47,039,981
1962 $18,337,691,145 $41,859,983
1961 $20,132,220,375 $35,699,986
1960 $15,865,474,315 $34,579,986

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Lesotho by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Lesotho
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Lesotho
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $14,898 - $1,089 -
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $1,023 $3,001
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $921 $2,881
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $1,030 $2,761
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $1,067 $2,545
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $919 $2,559
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $1,082 $2,568
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $1,171 $2,632
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $1,069 $2,619
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $992 $2,942
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $1,121 $3,035
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $1,174 $2,771
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $1,151 $2,538
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $1,218 $2,291
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $1,281 $2,279
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $1,119 $2,153
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $879 $2,036
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $898 $2,064
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $861 $1,932
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $925 $1,813
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $861 $1,681
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $767 $1,561
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $583 $1,484
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $389 $1,385
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $413 $1,350
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $443 $1,273
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $456 $1,199
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $465 $1,179
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $502 $1,154
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $480 $1,103
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $513 $1,037
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $456 $995
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $439 $932
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $444 $893
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $382 $830
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $330 $764
1989 $2,375 - $279 -
1988 $3,993 - $270.4 -
1987 $3,477 - $236.5 -
1986 $3,436 - $191.4 -
1985 $2,906 - $165.4 -
1984 $3,915 - $211 -
1983 $3,538 - $252 -
1982 $2,915 - $233.9 -
1981 $2,764 - $299.8 -
1980 $2,748 - $307 -
1979 $2,512 - $212.4 -
1978 $3,282 - $200.8 -
1977 $2,126 - $149.9 -
1976 $1,947 - $117.8 -
1975 $2,027 - $123.2 -
1974 $2,845 - $128.7 -
1973 $2,098 - $107 -
1972 $1,409 - $74 -
1971 $1,373 - $72.4 -
1970 $1,323 - $67.4 -
1969 $1,330 - $67.1 -
1968 $1,142 - $64.8 -
1967 $1,064 - $64.8 -
1966 $1,275 - $64.3 -
1965 $1,282 - $64.3 -
1964 $1,176 - $62.6 -
1963 $853 - $58.4 -
1962 $870 - $53.5 -
1961 $971 - $47 -
1960 $778 - $47 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $14,898, ranking 70/197, compared to $1,089 in Lesotho, ranking 179/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Lesotho ranks 180th at $3,001.

Economic indicators

Argentina Lesotho
Gross domestic product
$683B
2025
$2.57B
2025
GDP rank
25/197
2025
175/197
2025
GDP growth
4.37%
2024-2025
1.98%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$14,898
2025
$1,089
2025
GDP per capita rank
70/197
2025
179/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$3,001
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
180/197
2024
Government debt
$549B
2025
$1.26B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
80.3%
2025
49.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$11,965
2025
$535
2025
Government debt per person rank
52/185
2025
165/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,751
2026
$1,455
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
n/a
Number of billionaires
5
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
32.9%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
1.7%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.6%
2025
54.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
41.9%
2024-2025
4.27%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
6.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.38%
2025
18.7%
2024
Population
46083022
2402837

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Lesotho
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Lesotho
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 31.6% 80.3% 54.2% 49.1%
2024 31% 84.7% 52.5% 52.8%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 49% 61.1%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 50.8% 64.4%
2021 37.9% 81% 53.6% 58%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 54.2% 54.7%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 52.9% 58.2%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 51.9% 48.2%
2017 41.1% 57% 50.4% 41%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 54.1% 41.5%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 51.7% 45.8%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 50.1% 41.5%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 58.4% 41.2%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 58.1% 39.8%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 60.2% 36.2%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 55.3% 33.8%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 66.4% 35.9%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 54.1% 47%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 48.1% 49.6%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 43.2% 43.7%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 37.6% 41%
2004 23% 117.9% 36.3% 49.4%
2003 22% 125.2% 39.8% 52.6%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 41.2% 79.6%
2001 26.4% 48% 41.4% 108.7%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 39.3% 88.5%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 50.8% 83%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 51.4% 79.4%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 44.6% 65.7%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 41.5% 71.6%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 42.1% 62.8%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 40.2% 67%
1993 22% 26.9% 36% 71.2%
1992 12.1% 25% 35.3% 64.4%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 31.3% 11.9%
1990 11% 48.5% 32.9% 18%
1989 11% 118.2% 35.8% 112.5%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 35.3% 105.2%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 40.3% 97.4%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 33.2% 92.5%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 32.8% 86.3%
1984 13% 54.6% 26.8% 57.2%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 27.2% 56.7%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 29.9% 61.4%
1981 17% 26.5% - -
1980 15.2% 11.4% - -
1979 14.5% 12.4% - -
1978 14.9% 17.5% - -
1977 12.6% 25.1% - -
1976 13% 28.7% - -
1975 12.5% 33.8% - -
1974 14% 13% - -
1973 12.6% 12% - -
1972 11.2% 17.1% - -
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1970 12% 13.5% - -
1969 12.3% 9.63% - -
1968 12.8% 9.43% - -
1967 13% 10.9% - -
1966 12.1% 13.4% - -
1965 11.6% 15.9% - -
1964 11.8% 16.8% - -
1963 11.2% 23.4% - -
1962 11.3% 25.1% - -
1961 12.3% 8.69% - -
1960 11.3% 8.39% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

In 2025, Argentina's government spending was $216B, accounting for 31.6% of its GDP, while Lesotho spent $1.4B, or 54.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 80.3% in Argentina and 49.1% in Lesotho, ranking 43/185 and 106/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Lesotho
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Lesotho
2025 -0.38% 2.15%
2024 0.46% 8.17%
2023 -5.33% 7.36%
2022 -3.84% -6.33%
2021 -4.33% -4.79%
2020 -8.67% 1.45%
2019 -4.44% -5.09%
2018 -5.44% -4.41%
2017 -6.69% -2.02%
2016 -6.65% -9.43%
2015 -6% -1.38%
2014 -4.25% 3.16%
2013 -3.25% -2.58%
2012 -3.02% 4.56%
2011 -2.75% -9.85%
2010 -1.39% -1.49%
2009 -1.83% -4.16%
2008 0.35% 8.1%
2007 0.76% 10.8%
2006 1.65% 11.6%
2005 3.34% 4.46%
2004 3.97% 6.05%
2003 1.5% 0.89%
2002 -1.91% -2.44%
2001 -5.36% -2.76%
2000 -3.42% -0.95%
1999 -3.71% -15.3%
1998 -1.83% -11.8%
1997 -1.84% 0.27%
1996 -2.81% 2.11%
1995 -2.07% 5.13%
1994 -1.25% 5.69%
1993 -0.02% 7.55%
1992 1.54% 4.65%
1991 0.96% 9.74%
1990 -0.14% 8.78%
1989 -0.25% 3.88%
1988 -1.75% -1.87%
1987 1.89% -2.85%
1986 3.3% 0.87%
1985 3.6% 1.68%
1984 -1.39% 4.82%
1983 -2.89% 1.85%
1982 -4.68% -2.03%
1981 -3.93% -
1980 -1.14% -
1979 -1.5% -
1978 -1.36% -
1977 -0.54% -
1976 -2.39% -
1975 -2.9% -
1974 -1.08% -
1973 -1.48% -
1972 -0.12% -
1971 0.32% -
1970 1.01% -
1969 0.54% -
1968 0.25% -
1967 0.66% -
1966 -0.98% -
1965 -0.89% -
1964 -1.34% -
1963 -0.65% -
1962 -0.47% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 -1.98% -
1959 -4.82% -
1958 -6.61% -
1957 -2.72% -
1956 -3.77% -
1955 -3.75% -
1954 -3.21% -
1953 -3.1% -
1952 -3.01% -
1951 -3.52% -
1950 -3.38% -
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

In 2025, Argentina's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.6B, equivalent to 0.38% of GDP. This compares to Lesotho's surplus of $55.4M, or 2.15% of GDP.

Over the past 44 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 of those years, while Lesotho ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.82% of GDP, compared to surplus of 0.78% of GDP for Lesotho.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Lesotho
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Lesotho
2025 41.9% 4.27%
2024 219.9% 6.11%
2023 133.5% 6.34%
2022 72.4% 8.27%
2021 48.4% 6.05%
2020 42% 4.98%
2019 53.5% 5.19%
2018 34.3% 4.75%
2017 25.7% 4.45%
2016 - 6.6%
2015 - 3.22%
2014 - 5.37%
2013 10.6% 4.87%
2012 10% 6.05%
2011 9.8% 5.04%
2010 10.5% -2.41%
2009 6.3% -16.9%
2008 8.6% 10.7%
2007 8.8% 8.01%
2006 10.9% 6.07%
2005 9.6% 3.44%
2004 4.4% 5.02%
2003 13.4% 6.63%
2002 25.9% 33.8%
2001 -1.1% -9.62%
2000 -0.9% 6.13%
1999 -1.2% -
1998 0.9% -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (2000–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

Over the past 26 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 34.7%, compared with 5.1% in Lesotho. In 2025, inflation was 41.9% in Argentina and 4.27% in Lesotho.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Lesotho
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $14K

Balance of trade

Argentina Lesotho
Current account balance
-$7.58B
2025
-$3.94M
2025
Current account balance ranking
169/190
2025
71/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.11%
2025
-0.15%
2025
Goods imports
$71.8B
2025
$1.69B
2025
Goods exports
$87.2B
2025
$933M
2025
Service imports
$29.3B
2025
$467M
2025
Service exports
$18B
2025
$16M
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
14.8%
2025
104.5%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.6%
2025
49.5%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Lesotho
Economic freedom 57.4 54.9
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 130/197
Property rights 41.2 41.7
Government integrity 41.2 39.6
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 43.6
Tax burden 67.8 76.4
Government spending 62.3 21.3
Fiscal health 72.2 93.5
Business freedom 56.8 50.6
Labor freedom 53.5 57
Monetary freedom 28.9 74.8
Trade freedom 67.4 65.4
Investment freedom 70 55
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Lesotho
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Lesotho
2026 57.4 54.9
2025 54.2 54.1
2024 49.9 51.9
2023 51 51.6
2022 50.1 48.1
2021 52.7 53.5
2020 53.1 54.5
2019 52.2 53.1
2018 52.3 53.9
2017 50.4 53.9
2016 43.8 50.6
2015 44.1 49.6
2014 44.6 49.5
2013 46.7 47.9
2012 48 46.6
2011 51.7 47.5
2010 51.2 48.1
2009 52.3 49.7
2008 54.2 52.1
2007 54 53.2
2006 53.4 54.7
2005 51.7 53.9
2004 53.9 50.3
2003 56.3 52
2002 65.7 48.9
2001 68.6 50.6
2000 70 48.4
1999 70.6 48.2
1998 70.9 48.4
1997 73.3 47.2
1996 74.7 47
1995 68 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/lesotho | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 54.9 for Lesotho, ranking 130/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Lesotho
Services, % of GDP
56.2%
2025
55.6%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
22.9%
2025
25.2%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.53%
2025
6.49%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$672B
2025
$3.03B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$31,920
2025
$3,900
2025
Total reserves including gold
$41B
2025
$1.01B
2024
Total reserves ranking
54/177
2025
142/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$300M
2025
$5.77M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
-$12.6M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
3.79%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
49.7%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
16.1%
2025
31.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. TradeMap (2021, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.