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Economy of Argentina vs Kuwait compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $160B for Kuwait, ranking 24/197 and 59/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $4.68B (2.92% of GDP) in Kuwait.

Argentina vs Kuwait GDP by year

Argentina
Kuwait
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Kuwait
2024 $638,365,455,340 $160,227,273,053
2023 $649,461,687,959 $165,384,407,116
2022 $633,993,756,301 $183,502,046,694
2021 $486,564,085,480 $148,350,671,489
2020 $385,740,508,437 $111,045,470,606
2019 $447,754,683,615 $140,856,394,861
2018 $524,819,892,360 $138,646,316,351
2017 $643,628,393,281 $120,687,539,806
2016 $557,532,320,663 $109,406,674,125
2015 $594,749,285,413 $114,585,555,689
2014 $526,319,673,732 $162,650,450,685
2013 $552,025,140,252 $174,168,116,535
2012 $545,982,375,701 $174,047,662,680
2011 $530,158,122,010 $154,039,231,246
2010 $423,627,422,092 $115,416,245,242
2009 $332,976,484,578 $105,968,691,905
2008 $361,558,037,110 $147,379,737,230
2007 $287,530,508,431 $114,634,043,362
2006 $232,557,260,817 $101,557,330,723
2005 $198,737,095,012 $80,798,630,137
2004 $164,657,930,453 $59,439,090,601
2003 $127,586,973,492 $47,874,582,232
2002 $97,724,004,252 $38,135,788,414
2001 $268,696,750,000 $34,889,559,870
2000 $284,203,750,000 $37,718,743,480
1999 $283,523,000,000 $30,122,365,849
1998 $298,948,250,000 $25,943,705,784
1997 $292,859,000,000 $30,350,190,704
1996 $272,149,750,000 $31,492,373,309
1995 $258,031,750,000 $27,186,980,647
1994 $257,440,000,000 $24,848,483,838
1993 $236,741,715,015 $23,941,391,391
1992 $228,778,917,308 $19,858,555,215
1991 $189,719,984,268 $11,009,993,703
1990 $141,352,654,305 $18,427,777,778
1989 $76,629,728,760 $24,313,855,653
1988 $126,890,235,049 $20,690,322,153
1987 $108,810,885,301 $22,368,704,134
1986 $105,872,372,614 $17,903,989,745
1985 $88,150,891,728 $21,445,970,614
1984 $116,915,052,107 $21,700,082,753
1983 $103,979,106,778 $20,871,081,080
1982 $84,307,486,837 $21,577,153,356
1981 $78,676,842,367 $25,058,020,338
1980 $76,961,923,741 $28,638,868,356
1979 $69,252,328,952 $24,749,063,922
1978 $89,049,453,088 $15,503,557,496
1977 $56,781,000,101 $14,137,406,741
1976 $51,169,499,892 $13,132,252,802
1975 $52,438,647,922 $12,022,811,621
1974 $72,436,777,342 $13,006,948,296
1973 $52,544,000,117 $5,408,804,607
1972 $34,733,000,536 $4,450,537,925
1971 $33,293,199,095 $3,880,392,195
1970 $31,584,210,366 $2,873,638,851
1969 $31,256,284,544 $2,769,198,892
1968 $26,436,857,247 $2,662,798,935
1967 $24,256,667,553 $2,441,599,023
1966 $28,630,474,728 $2,391,199,044
1965 $28,344,705,967 $2,097,199,161
1964 $25,605,249,382 $2,071,668,533
1963 $18,272,123,664 $1,900,895,857
1962 $18,337,691,145 $1,828,107,503
1961 $20,132,220,375 -
1960 $15,865,474,315 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Kuwait by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Kuwait
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Kuwait
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $32,718 $52,444
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $34,076 $53,025
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $39,982 $55,043
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $34,019 $50,652
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $25,236 $41,462
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $31,708 $50,703
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $32,068 $51,371
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $29,048 $46,566
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $27,324 $41,862
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $29,882 $45,267
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $44,369 $68,337
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $49,651 $76,813
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $52,155 $82,090
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $49,170 $79,037
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $39,212 $75,184
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $37,907 $80,110
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $55,585 $90,337
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $45,709 $91,435
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $42,947 $89,075
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $36,123 $84,968
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $27,552 $77,227
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $22,691 $69,752
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $18,513 $59,713
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $17,374 $58,553
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $19,296 $58,703
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $15,854 $56,406
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $14,067 $58,344
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $16,977 $57,420
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $18,201 $56,913
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $16,168 $57,163
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $14,930 $53,946
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $14,318 $48,482
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $12,146 $36,149
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $8,147 $23,390
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $10,938 $30,763
1989 $2,375 - $10,965 -
1988 $3,993 - $9,692 -
1987 $3,477 - $10,896 -
1986 $3,436 - $9,077 -
1985 $2,906 - $11,322 -
1984 $3,915 - $11,919 -
1983 $3,538 - $11,965 -
1982 $2,915 - $12,979 -
1981 $2,764 - $15,825 -
1980 $2,748 - $19,032 -
1979 $2,512 - $17,386 -
1978 $3,282 - $11,567 -
1977 $2,126 - $11,238 -
1976 $1,947 - $11,141 -
1975 $2,027 - $10,882 -
1974 $2,845 - $12,527 -
1973 $2,098 - $5,532 -
1972 $1,409 - $4,836 -
1971 $1,373 - $4,486 -
1970 $1,323 - $3,552 -
1969 $1,330 - $3,695 -
1968 $1,142 - $3,872 -
1967 $1,064 - $3,887 -
1966 $1,275 - $4,176 -
1965 $1,282 - $4,024 -
1964 $1,176 - $4,379 -
1963 $853 - $4,445 -
1962 $870 - $4,748 -
1961 $971 - - -
1960 $778 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $32,718 in Kuwait, ranking 37/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Kuwait ranks 40th at $52,444.

Economic indicators

Argentina Kuwait
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$160B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
59/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
-2.56%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$32,718
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
37/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$52,444
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
40/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$4.68B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
2.92%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$956
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
143/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$23,828
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$141B
2024
Number of billionaires
5
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
50.4%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
2.9%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
3.5%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
2.16%
2016
Population
46048053
5100145

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Kuwait
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Kuwait
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 50.4% 2.92%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 48.3% 3.13%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 39.6% 2.95%
2021 37.9% 81% 48.3% 7.2%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 62.9% 10.2%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 50.3% 10.5%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 51.1% 14.3%
2017 41.1% 57% 51.9% 19.6%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 54.1% 9.88%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 55.4% 4.6%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 45% 3.43%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 38.4% 3.09%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 38.2% 3.6%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 39.7% 4.64%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 45.5% 6.16%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 42.9% 6.65%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 40.9% 5.38%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 30.4% 7.05%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 32.3% 7.79%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 28.8% 10.2%
2004 23% 117.9% 35.3% 13.9%
2003 22% 125.2% 38.2% 17.2%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 42.8% 21.3%
2001 26.4% 48% 41.4% 23%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 29.9% 21.4%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 44.5% 25.5%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 51.7% 25.6%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 43.8% 24.3%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 42.8% 26.5%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 52% 34.9%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 57.8% 37.7%
1993 22% 26.9% 58.2% 28.8%
1992 12.1% 25% 77.6% 27.9%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 208.9% 45.3%
1990 11% 48.5% 122.9% -
1989 11% 118.2% - -
1988 12.3% 61.4% - -
1987 13.7% 74.1% - -
1986 13.7% 55.9% - -
1985 14.7% 55.2% - -
1984 13% 54.6% - -
1983 14.2% 64.2% - -
1982 15.9% 52.2% - -
1981 17% 26.5% - -
1980 15.2% 11.4% - -
1979 14.5% 12.4% - -
1978 14.9% 17.5% - -
1977 12.6% 25.1% - -
1976 13% 28.7% - -
1975 12.5% 33.8% - -
1974 14% 13% - -
1973 12.6% 12% - -
1972 11.2% 17.1% - -
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1970 12% 13.5% - -
1969 12.3% 9.63% - -
1968 12.8% 9.43% - -
1967 13% 10.9% - -
1966 12.1% 13.4% - -
1965 11.6% 15.9% - -
1964 11.8% 16.8% - -
1963 11.2% 23.4% - -
1962 11.3% 25.1% - -
1961 12.3% 8.69% - -
1960 11.3% 8.39% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Kuwait spent $80.8B, or 50.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 2.92% in Kuwait, ranking 39/185 and 184/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Kuwait
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Kuwait
2024 0.46% 23.8%
2023 -5.33% 28.2%
2022 -3.84% 30%
2021 -4.33% 9.98%
2020 -8.67% 0.14%
2019 -4.44% 13%
2018 -5.44% 17.5%
2017 -6.69% 15.3%
2016 -6.65% 13.1%
2015 -6% 16.6%
2014 -4.25% 30%
2013 -3.25% 40.6%
2012 -3.02% 40.7%
2011 -2.75% 38.8%
2010 -1.39% 31.9%
2009 -1.83% 31.3%
2008 0.35% 21.3%
2007 0.76% 37.1%
2006 1.65% 28%
2005 3.34% 38.9%
2004 3.97% 32.5%
2003 1.5% 27.2%
2002 -1.91% 31%
2001 -5.36% 45.2%
2000 -3.42% 52.5%
1999 -3.71% 28.2%
1998 -1.83% 19.5%
1997 -1.84% 29.5%
1996 -2.81% 24.3%
1995 -2.07% 11.7%
1994 -1.25% 1.76%
1993 -0.02% -3.12%
1992 1.54% -28.1%
1991 0.96% -145%
1990 -0.14% -50%
1989 -0.25% -
1988 -1.75% -
1987 1.89% -
1986 3.3% -
1985 3.6% -
1984 -1.39% -
1983 -2.89% -
1982 -4.68% -
1981 -3.93% -
1980 -1.14% -
1979 -1.5% -
1978 -1.36% -
1977 -0.54% -
1976 -2.39% -
1975 -2.9% -
1974 -1.08% -
1973 -1.48% -
1972 -0.12% -
1971 0.32% -
1970 1.01% -
1969 0.54% -
1968 0.25% -
1967 0.66% -
1966 -0.98% -
1965 -0.89% -
1964 -1.34% -
1963 -0.65% -
1962 -0.47% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 -1.98% -
1959 -4.82% -
1958 -6.61% -
1957 -2.72% -
1956 -3.77% -
1955 -3.75% -
1954 -3.21% -
1953 -3.1% -
1952 -3.01% -
1951 -3.52% -
1950 -3.38% -
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Kuwait's surplus of $38.1B, or 23.8% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 26 of those years, while Kuwait ran a deficit in 4 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 2.22% of GDP, compared to surplus of 16.7% of GDP for Kuwait.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Kuwait
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Kuwait
2024 219.9% 2.9%
2023 133.5% 3.64%
2022 72.4% 3.98%
2021 48.4% 3.42%
2020 42% 2.1%
2019 53.5% 1.09%
2018 34.3% 0.54%
2017 25.7% 2.17%
2016 - 3.2%
2015 - 3.27%
2014 - 2.91%
2013 10.6% 2.68%
2012 10% 3.26%
2011 9.8% 4.84%
2010 10.5% 4.5%
2009 6.3% 4.61%
2008 8.6% 10.6%
2007 8.8% 5.48%
2006 10.9% 3.06%
2005 9.6% 4.14%
2004 4.4% 1.25%
2003 13.4% 0.96%
2002 25.9% 0.89%
2001 -1.1% 1.3%
2000 -0.9% 1.81%
1999 -1.2% 2.99%
1998 0.9% 0.13%
1997 - 0.68%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 3.03% in Kuwait. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 2.9% in Kuwait.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Miscellaneous $42.4M
Raw agricultural goods $8.72M
Chemicals & pharma $1.05M
Machinery & equipment $116K
Animal & marine products $87K
Metals $19K
Textiles & consumer goods $7K
Kuwait
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $132K
Machinery & equipment $42K
Chemicals & pharma $33K
Textiles & consumer goods $32K
Miscellaneous $6K
Metals $5K

Balance of trade

Argentina Kuwait
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
$46.7B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
15/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
+29.1%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$33.4B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$77.5B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$28.1B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$12.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
38.3%
2023
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
57.7%
2023

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Kuwait
Economic freedom 57.4 59.9
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 100/197
Property rights 41.2 42
Government integrity 41.2 47.9
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 43.4
Tax burden 67.8 97.7
Government spending 62.3 36.2
Fiscal health 72.2 99.9
Business freedom 56.8 57.4
Labor freedom 53.5 49.2
Monetary freedom 28.9 68.7
Trade freedom 67.4 75.8
Investment freedom 70 50
Financial freedom 70 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Kuwait
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Kuwait
2026 57.4 59.9
2025 54.2 59.9
2024 49.9 58.5
2023 51 56.7
2022 50.1 58.3
2021 52.7 64.1
2020 53.1 63.2
2019 52.2 60.8
2018 52.3 62.2
2017 50.4 65.1
2016 43.8 62.7
2015 44.1 62.5
2014 44.6 62.3
2013 46.7 63.1
2012 48 62.5
2011 51.7 64.9
2010 51.2 67.7
2009 52.3 65.6
2008 54.2 68.1
2007 54 66.4
2006 53.4 66.5
2005 51.7 64.6
2004 53.9 63.6
2003 56.3 66.7
2002 65.7 65.4
2001 68.6 68.2
2000 70 69.7
1999 70.6 69.5
1998 70.9 66.3
1997 73.3 64.8
1996 74.7 66.1
1995 68 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/kuwait | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 59.9 for Kuwait, ranking 100/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Kuwait
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
55.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
57.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
0.49%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$200B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$63,270
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$50.7B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
41/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
$9.71B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$615M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$10.3B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
17.7%
2023

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.