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Economy of Argentina vs Croatia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $633B compared to $92.5B for Croatia, ranking 24/197 and 74/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (73.1% of GDP), compared to $53.3B (55.9% of GDP) in Croatia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Argentina
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Croatia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Argentina Croatia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $15,865,474,315 $150,797,810,296 - -
1961 $20,132,220,375 $158,982,878,500 - -
1962 $18,337,691,145 $157,628,310,159 - -
1963 $18,272,123,664 $149,261,089,203 - -
1964 $25,605,249,382 $164,381,681,832 - -
1965 $28,344,705,967 $181,755,894,112 - -
1966 $28,630,474,728 $180,556,802,912 - -
1967 $24,256,667,553 $186,320,169,965 - -
1968 $26,436,857,247 $195,305,461,613 - -
1969 $31,256,284,544 $214,210,104,570 - -
1970 $31,584,210,366 $220,734,180,309 - -
1971 $33,293,199,095 $233,223,609,574 - -
1972 $34,733,000,536 $237,021,461,356 - -
1973 $52,544,000,117 $243,685,921,868 - -
1974 $72,436,777,342 $257,171,024,124 - -
1975 $52,438,647,922 $257,097,956,426 - -
1976 $51,169,499,892 $251,909,073,021 - -
1977 $56,781,000,101 $269,376,820,356 - -
1978 $89,049,453,088 $257,238,364,643 - -
1979 $69,252,328,952 $283,535,234,199 - -
1980 $76,961,923,741 $287,841,521,829 - -
1981 $78,676,842,367 $272,903,153,784 - -
1982 $84,307,486,837 $270,895,516,738 - -
1983 $103,979,106,778 $282,677,015,450 - -
1984 $116,915,052,107 $287,117,132,733 - -
1985 $88,150,891,728 $272,218,554,793 - -
1986 $105,872,372,614 $288,969,188,904 - -
1987 $108,810,885,301 $296,785,426,416 - -
1988 $126,890,235,049 $293,550,663,102 - -
1989 $76,629,728,760 $272,541,389,929 - -
1990 $141,352,654,305 $265,817,211,205 $25,650,213,280 $46,596,559,831
1991 $189,719,984,268 $290,094,591,012 $18,760,386,775 $36,769,964,789
1992 $228,778,917,308 $313,120,244,490 $10,621,169,291 $32,462,991,993
1993 $236,741,715,015 $338,817,957,426 $11,259,647,874 $29,857,647,989
1994 $257,440,000,000 $358,592,053,442 $15,062,911,617 $31,610,433,645
1995 $258,031,750,000 $348,389,357,874 $22,772,394,547 $33,746,817,538
1996 $272,149,750,000 $367,643,757,075 $24,150,978,347 $35,808,404,184
1997 $292,859,000,000 $397,463,514,161 $24,175,764,812 $38,017,063,245
1998 $298,948,250,000 $412,766,570,326 $25,890,228,430 $38,873,085,038
1999 $283,523,000,000 $398,792,535,409 $23,777,026,779 $38,543,171,373
2000 $284,203,750,000 $395,646,066,536 $22,134,411,297 $39,678,365,282
2001 $268,696,750,000 $378,202,665,752 $23,066,883,850 $40,912,852,422
2002 $97,724,004,252 $336,999,433,710 $26,757,722,429 $43,287,159,654
2003 $127,586,973,492 $366,780,211,149 $35,245,317,002 $45,697,550,022
2004 $164,657,930,453 $399,898,899,167 $41,836,292,157 $47,603,359,433
2005 $198,737,095,012 $435,296,589,745 $45,013,119,282 $49,663,193,223
2006 $232,557,260,817 $470,325,565,798 $49,590,197,657 $52,186,811,454
2007 $287,530,508,431 $512,690,850,742 $59,298,265,770 $54,821,664,180
2008 $361,558,037,110 $533,491,913,656 $68,478,776,206 $55,900,878,030
2009 $332,976,484,578 $501,917,060,966 $62,321,642,125 $52,091,816,698
2010 $423,627,422,092 $552,738,161,802 $58,981,738,869 $51,396,869,396
2011 $530,158,122,010 $585,924,294,025 $62,903,737,380 $51,346,628,209
2012 $545,982,375,701 $579,910,247,223 $57,551,963,753 $50,189,405,845
2013 $552,025,140,252 $593,858,966,307 $59,852,401,272 $50,126,443,322
2014 $526,319,673,732 $578,937,574,936 $59,612,144,078 $49,847,163,745
2015 $594,749,285,413 $594,749,285,413 $51,005,200,670 $51,005,200,670
2016 $557,532,320,663 $582,376,550,428 $52,654,855,638 $52,770,556,703
2017 $643,628,393,281 $598,790,850,844 $56,186,190,438 $54,501,936,569
2018 $524,819,892,360 $583,118,120,294 $61,668,130,123 $56,085,044,234
2019 $447,754,683,615 $571,450,737,224 $61,467,582,194 $57,823,926,883
2020 $385,740,508,437 $514,874,343,768 $57,963,370,885 $53,017,808,755
2021 $486,564,085,480 $568,636,554,720 $69,006,802,299 $59,714,859,478
2022 $632,790,070,063 $598,603,016,935 $71,198,635,102 $64,066,840,477
2023 $646,075,277,525 $588,959,512,630 $84,393,795,502 $66,182,676,637
2024 $633,266,692,534 $578,834,679,333 $92,526,176,109 $68,707,509,494

Economic indicators

Argentina Croatia
Gross domestic product
$633B
2024
$92.5B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
74/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.98%
2023-2024
9.64%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,858
2024
$23,931
2024
GDP per capita rank
73/197
2024
50/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,176
2024
$48,575
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$53.3B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
73.1%
2025
55.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$13,796
2024
Government debt per person rank
47/185
2024
42/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,221
2025
$20,265
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$27.8B
2024
Number of billionaires
5
2025
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
23.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
2.9%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
32.7%
2025
48.9%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
41.3%
2024-2025
2.97%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
5.03%
2024
Population
45973765
3839202

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Croatia

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,858, ranking 73/197, compared to $23,931 in Croatia, ranking 50/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 72nd at $30,176, while Croatia ranks 47th at $48,575.

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Croatia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Argentina Croatia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $778 - - -
1961 $971 - - -
1962 $870 - - -
1963 $853 - - -
1964 $1,176 - - -
1965 $1,282 - - -
1966 $1,275 - - -
1967 $1,064 - - -
1968 $1,142 - - -
1969 $1,330 - - -
1970 $1,323 - - -
1971 $1,373 - - -
1972 $1,409 - - -
1973 $2,098 - - -
1974 $2,845 - - -
1975 $2,027 - - -
1976 $1,947 - - -
1977 $2,126 - - -
1978 $3,282 - - -
1979 $2,512 - - -
1980 $2,748 - - -
1981 $2,764 - - -
1982 $2,915 - - -
1983 $3,538 - - -
1984 $3,915 - - -
1985 $2,906 - - -
1986 $3,436 - - -
1987 $3,477 - - -
1988 $3,993 - - -
1989 $2,375 - - -
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $5,369 $9,519
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $4,001 $7,912
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $2,321 $7,321
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $2,448 $6,856
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $3,238 $7,332
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $4,929 $8,046
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $5,300 $8,802
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $5,331 $9,534
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $5,713 $9,889
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $5,269 $9,943
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $4,954 $10,672
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $5,365 $11,654
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $6,220 $12,775
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $8,190 $13,693
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $9,719 $14,688
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $10,444 $15,451
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $11,503 $17,635
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $13,758 $19,571
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $15,889 $21,020
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $14,476 $20,350
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $13,731 $20,144
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $14,695 $21,196
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $13,509 $21,620
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $14,136 $22,432
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $14,188 $22,708
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $12,285 $23,759
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $12,821 $25,804
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $13,903 $27,889
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $15,460 $29,789
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $15,564 $33,064
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $14,808 $31,596
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $17,790 $36,933
2022 $13,936 $29,598 $18,466 $41,960
2023 $14,187 $30,082 $21,865 $45,603
2024 $13,858 $30,176 $23,931 $48,575

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $199B, accounting for 32.7% of its GDP, while Croatia's spent $44.8B, or 48.9% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 73.1% in Argentina and 55.9% in Croatia, ranking 51/185 and 94/185, respectively.

Argentina
Government spending

Government debt
Croatia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Argentina Croatia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 11.3% 8.39% - -
1961 12.3% 8.69% - -
1962 11.3% 25.1% - -
1963 11.2% 23.4% - -
1964 11.8% 16.8% - -
1965 11.6% 15.9% - -
1966 12.1% 13.4% - -
1967 13% 10.9% - -
1968 12.8% 9.43% - -
1969 12.3% 9.63% - -
1970 12% 13.5% - -
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1972 11.2% 17.1% - -
1973 12.6% 12% - -
1974 14% 13% - -
1975 12.5% 33.8% - -
1976 13% 28.7% - -
1977 12.6% 25.1% - -
1978 14.9% 17.5% - -
1979 14.5% 12.4% - -
1980 15.2% 11.4% - -
1981 17% 26.5% - -
1982 15.9% 52.2% - -
1983 14.2% 64.2% - -
1984 13% 54.6% - -
1985 14.7% 55.2% - -
1986 13.7% 55.9% - -
1987 13.7% 74.1% - -
1988 12.3% 61.4% - -
1989 11% 118.2% - -
1990 11% 48.5% - -
1991 11.4% 35.7% - -
1992 12.1% 25% 37.1% -
1993 22% 26.9% 36% -
1994 22.9% 28.4% 45.4% -
1995 22.9% 30.7% 50.3% -
1996 22.7% 32.6% 52.1% -
1997 22.6% 31.7% 51.7% 22.5%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 56.8% 23.3%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 58.9% 30%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 54.6% 35.4%
2001 26.4% 48% 50.6% 36.6%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 49.2% 36.5%
2003 22% 125.2% 49.6% 37.8%
2004 23% 117.9% 49% 40%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 46.5% 40.9%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 44.6% 38.4%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 46.3% 37.1%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 46.3% 38.9%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 49.2% 47.9%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 48.1% 56.8%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 48.6% 63.1%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 47.3% 68.9%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 47.9% 79.5%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 48.7% 83.2%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 47.5% 82.8%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 45.9% 79.3%
2017 41.1% 57% 44.1% 76.2%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 44.9% 72.8%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 44.3% 70.9%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 53.7% 86.5%
2021 37.9% 81% 48.1% 78.2%
2022 37.7% 84.5% 44.9% 68.5%
2023 37.8% 155.4% 46.6% 61.8%
2024 31.4% 85.3% 48.4% 57.6%
2025 32.7% 73.1% 48.9% 55.9%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $5.45B, equivalent to 0.86% of GDP. This compares to Croatia's deficit of -$1.98B, or -2.14% of GDP.

Over the past 33 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 25 of those years, while Croatia ran a deficit in 29 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to -2.37% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.98% of GDP for Croatia.

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Croatia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Croatia
1864 0.51% -
1865 -0.79% -
1866 -2.09% -
1867 -1.08% -
1868 -1.8% -
1869 -1.61% -
1870 -2.74% -
1871 -5.54% -
1872 -1.18% -
1873 -1.39% -
1874 -2.59% -
1875 -3.08% -
1876 -4.15% -
1877 -1.68% -
1878 -1.08% -
1879 -1.09% -
1880 -2.15% -
1881 -2.31% -
1882 -5.42% -
1883 -4.19% -
1884 -4.07% -
1885 -2.67% -
1886 -2.39% -
1887 0.35% -
1888 -0.69% -
1889 -2.88% -
1890 -1.82% -
1891 -4.48% -
1892 -1.33% -
1893 0.06% -
1894 -1.06% -
1895 -1.59% -
1896 -4.19% -
1897 -1.46% -
1898 -9.31% -
1899 -0.4% -
1900 -0.42% -
1901 -0.54% -
1902 -2.2% -
1903 -0.25% -
1904 0.15% -
1905 -3.52% -
1906 -0.32% -
1907 -0.2% -
1908 0.28% -
1909 -2.57% -
1910 -2.24% -
1911 -2.19% -
1912 -0.78% -
1913 -0.61% -
1914 -3.03% -
1915 -2.64% -
1916 -2.13% -
1917 -2.18% -
1918 -1.14% -
1919 -0.3% -
1920 0.2% -
1921 -0.99% -
1922 -1.86% -
1923 -0.93% -
1924 -0.68% -
1925 -0.46% -
1926 -1% -
1927 -3.3% -
1928 -1.52% -
1929 -1.95% -
1930 -3.94% -
1931 -2.98% -
1932 -1.19% -
1933 -1.27% -
1934 -1.56% -
1935 -1.16% -
1936 -1.44% -
1937 -1.62% -
1938 -2.09% -
1939 -3.09% -
1940 -2.31% -
1941 -2.85% -
1942 -2.9% -
1943 -3.86% -
1944 -4.61% -
1945 -5.25% -
1946 -4.12% -
1947 -1.6% -
1948 -2.73% -
1949 -3.98% -
1950 -3.38% -
1951 -3.52% -
1952 -3.01% -
1953 -3.1% -
1954 -3.21% -
1955 -3.75% -
1956 -3.77% -
1957 -2.72% -
1958 -6.61% -
1959 -4.82% -
1960 -1.98% -
1961 1.73% -
1962 -0.47% -
1963 -0.65% -
1964 -1.34% -
1965 -0.89% -
1966 -0.98% -
1967 0.66% -
1968 0.25% -
1969 0.54% -
1970 1.01% -
1971 0.32% -
1972 -0.12% -
1973 -1.48% -
1974 -1.08% -
1975 -2.9% -
1976 -2.39% -
1977 -0.54% -
1978 -1.36% -
1979 -1.5% -
1980 -1.14% -
1981 -3.93% -
1982 -4.68% -
1983 -2.89% -
1984 -1.39% -
1985 3.6% -
1986 3.3% -
1987 1.89% -
1988 -1.75% -
1989 -0.25% -
1990 -0.14% -
1991 0.96% -
1992 1.54% -5.69%
1993 -0.02% -2.67%
1994 -1.25% -0.82%
1995 -2.07% -4.23%
1996 -2.81% -4.41%
1997 -1.84% -4.93%
1998 -1.83% -6.36%
1999 -3.71% -11.1%
2000 -3.42% -9.2%
2001 -5.36% -4.79%
2002 -1.91% -4.9%
2003 1.5% -5.03%
2004 3.97% -6.09%
2005 3.34% -3.24%
2006 1.65% -2.01%
2007 0.76% -2.28%
2008 0.35% -2.34%
2009 -1.83% -7.15%
2010 -1.39% -6.46%
2011 -2.75% -7.53%
2012 -3.02% -5.46%
2013 -3.25% -5.52%
2014 -4.25% -5.19%
2015 -6% -3.53%
2016 -6.65% -1.04%
2017 -6.69% 0.8%
2018 -5.44% 0.23%
2019 -4.44% 2.31%
2020 -8.67% -7.23%
2021 -4.33% -2.55%
2022 -3.84% 0.14%
2023 -5.36% -0.86%
2024 0.86% -2.14%
2025 0.43% -2.36%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 2.86% in Croatia. In 2024, inflation was 41.3% in Argentina and 2.97% in Croatia.

Inflation
Argentina

Croatia
Year Inflation
Argentina Croatia Argentina Croatia
1996 - 4.3%
1997 - 4.17%
1998 0.9% 6.4%
1999 -1.2% 4.02%
2000 -0.9% 4.61%
2001 -1.1% 3.78%
2002 25.9% 1.67%
2003 13.4% 1.77%
2004 4.4% 2.06%
2005 9.6% 3.32%
2006 10.9% 3.19%
2007 8.8% 2.9%
2008 8.6% 6.08%
2009 6.3% 2.38%
2010 10.5% 1.03%
2011 9.8% 2.27%
2012 10% 3.41%
2013 10.6% 2.22%
2014 - -0.22%
2015 - -0.46%
2016 - -1.12%
2017 25.7% 1.13%
2018 34.3% 1.5%
2019 53.5% 0.77%
2020 42% 0.15%
2021 48.4% 2.55%
2022 72.4% 10.8%
2023 133.5% 7.94%
2024 219.9% 2.97%
2025 41.3% -

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Miscellaneous $15.3M
Raw agricultural goods $7.44M
Animal & marine products $5.3M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $97K
Croatia
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $5.38M
Machinery & equipment $667K
Metals $659K
Miscellaneous $373K
Business & finance services $336K
Chemicals & pharma $286K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $286K
Wood & paper products $226K
IT & IP services $139K
Textiles & consumer goods $127K

Balance of trade

Argentina Croatia
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
-$1.05B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/189
2024
124/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.9%
2024
-1.13%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$41.5B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$21.9B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$8.35B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$24.7B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.8%
2024
52.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.3%
2024
49.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Croatia
Economic freedom 54.2 68.7
Economic freedom ranking 136/197 45/197
Property rights 34.7 81.3
Government integrity 39.7 53.4
Judicial effectiveness 56.5 71.4
Tax burden 70.8 77.3
Government spending 57.1 35.1
Fiscal health 67.9 90.3
Business freedom 55.3 80.4
Labor freedom 55.2 69.1
Monetary freedom 23.3 66.6
Trade freedom 64.4 79.6
Investment freedom 65 60
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 54.2, ranking 136/197, compared to 68.7 for Croatia, ranking 45/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Argentina
Croatia
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Croatia
1995 68 -
1996 74.7 48
1997 73.3 46.7
1998 70.9 51.7
1999 70.6 53.1
2000 70 53.6
2001 68.6 50.7
2002 65.7 51.1
2003 56.3 53.3
2004 53.9 53.1
2005 51.7 51.9
2006 53.4 53.6
2007 54 53.4
2008 54.2 54.1
2009 52.3 55.1
2010 51.2 59.2
2011 51.7 61.1
2012 48 60.9
2013 46.7 61.3
2014 44.6 60.4
2015 44.1 61.5
2016 43.8 59.1
2017 50.4 59.4
2018 52.3 61
2019 52.2 61.4
2020 53.1 62.2
2021 52.7 63.6
2022 50.1 67.6
2023 51 66.4
2024 49.9 67.2
2025 54.2 68.7

More economic indicators

Argentina Croatia
Services, % of GDP
53.4%
2024
59.7%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
19.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.98%
2024
3.41%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$614B
2024
$85.4B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,570
2024
$48,760
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$3.34B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
116/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$1.88B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$4.67B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$2.79B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
7.24%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
20.3%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.7%
2024
23.5%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.