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Economy of Argentina vs Indonesia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $1.4T for Indonesia, ranking 24/197 and 16/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $561B (40.2% of GDP) in Indonesia.

Argentina vs Indonesia GDP by year

Argentina
Indonesia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Indonesia
2024 $638,365,455,340 $1,396,300,098,191
2023 $649,461,687,959 $1,371,169,301,564
2022 $633,993,756,301 $1,319,101,183,380
2021 $486,564,085,480 $1,186,509,691,087
2020 $385,740,508,437 $1,059,054,842,698
2019 $447,754,683,615 $1,119,099,871,350
2018 $524,819,892,360 $1,042,271,532,989
2017 $643,628,393,281 $1,015,618,744,160
2016 $557,532,320,663 $931,877,364,038
2015 $594,749,285,413 $860,854,232,686
2014 $526,319,673,732 $890,814,755,534
2013 $552,025,140,252 $912,524,136,718
2012 $545,982,375,701 $917,869,913,333
2011 $530,158,122,010 $892,969,104,563
2010 $423,627,422,092 $755,094,157,622
2009 $332,976,484,578 $539,580,085,612
2008 $361,558,037,110 $510,228,634,992
2007 $287,530,508,431 $432,216,737,775
2006 $232,557,260,817 $364,570,515,618
2005 $198,737,095,012 $285,868,619,196
2004 $164,657,930,453 $256,836,875,295
2003 $127,586,973,492 $234,772,463,824
2002 $97,724,004,252 $195,660,611,165
2001 $268,696,750,000 $160,446,947,785
2000 $284,203,750,000 $165,021,012,078
1999 $283,523,000,000 $140,001,351,215
1998 $298,948,250,000 $95,445,547,873
1997 $292,859,000,000 $215,748,998,610
1996 $272,149,750,000 $227,369,679,375
1995 $258,031,750,000 $202,132,028,723
1994 $257,440,000,000 $176,892,143,932
1993 $236,741,715,015 $158,006,700,302
1992 $228,778,917,308 $128,026,966,580
1991 $189,719,984,268 $116,621,996,217
1990 $141,352,654,305 $106,140,727,334
1989 $76,629,728,760 $94,451,427,877
1988 $126,890,235,049 $84,300,174,486
1987 $108,810,885,301 $75,929,617,558
1986 $105,872,372,614 $79,954,072,545
1985 $88,150,891,728 $85,289,488,375
1984 $116,915,052,107 $84,853,700,028
1983 $103,979,106,778 $81,052,283,384
1982 $84,307,486,837 $90,158,449,295
1981 $78,676,842,367 $85,518,233,419
1980 $76,961,923,741 $72,482,337,397
1979 $69,252,328,952 $51,400,186,343
1978 $89,049,453,088 $51,455,719,076
1977 $56,781,000,101 $45,808,915,663
1976 $51,169,499,892 $37,269,156,627
1975 $52,438,647,922 $30,463,855,422
1974 $72,436,777,342 $25,802,409,639
1973 $52,544,000,117 $16,273,253,012
1972 $34,733,000,536 $10,997,590,361
1971 $33,293,199,095 $9,333,536,370
1970 $31,584,210,366 $9,150,684,932
1969 $31,256,284,544 $8,337,423,313
1968 $26,436,857,247 $7,076,465,300
1967 $24,256,667,553 $5,667,756,628
1966 $28,630,474,728 -
1965 $28,344,705,967 -
1964 $25,605,249,382 -
1963 $18,272,123,664 -
1962 $18,337,691,145 -
1961 $20,132,220,375 -
1960 $15,865,474,315 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Indonesia by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Indonesia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Indonesia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $4,925 $16,448
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $4,876 $15,416
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $4,731 $14,285
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $4,287 $12,757
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $3,854 $11,729
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $4,107 $11,986
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $3,861 $11,372
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $3,799 $10,688
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $3,521 $10,263
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $3,288 $10,028
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $3,441 $10,065
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $3,567 $9,866
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $3,632 $9,530
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $3,579 $8,937
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $3,066 $8,353
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $2,218 $7,868
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $2,125 $7,569
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $1,823 $7,096
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $1,558 $6,583
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $1,238 $6,134
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $1,127 $5,700
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $1,043 $5,353
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $881 $5,076
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $732 $4,849
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $764 $4,639
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $657 $4,386
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $455 $4,356
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $1,045 $5,037
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $1,119 $4,807
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $1,011 $4,451
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $900 $4,096
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $817 $3,793
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $674 $3,538
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $624 $3,305
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $578 $3,044
1989 $2,375 - $524 -
1988 $3,993 - $477 -
1987 $3,477 - $438 -
1986 $3,436 - $470 -
1985 $2,906 - $511 -
1984 $3,915 - $520 -
1983 $3,538 - $508 -
1982 $2,915 - $578 -
1981 $2,764 - $561 -
1980 $2,748 - $487 -
1979 $2,512 - $353 -
1978 $3,282 - $362 -
1977 $2,126 - $331 -
1976 $1,947 - $275.7 -
1975 $2,027 - $231.1 -
1974 $2,845 - $200.7 -
1973 $2,098 - $129.9 -
1972 $1,409 - $90.1 -
1971 $1,373 - $78.5 -
1970 $1,323 - $79.1 -
1969 $1,330 - $74.1 -
1968 $1,142 - $64.7 -
1967 $1,064 - $53.2 -
1966 $1,275 - - -
1965 $1,282 - - -
1964 $1,176 - - -
1963 $853 - - -
1962 $870 - - -
1961 $971 - - -
1960 $778 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $4,925 in Indonesia, ranking 121/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Indonesia ranks 107th at $16,448.

Economic indicators

Argentina Indonesia
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$1.4T
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
16/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
5.03%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$4,925
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
121/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$16,448
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
107/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$561B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
40.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$1,978
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
120/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$3,371
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$758B
2023
Number of millionaires n/a
178,605
2025
Number of billionaires
5
2025
33
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
28.8%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
3.5%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
16.8%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
2.18%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
4.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
3.31%
2023
Population
46048053
288551776

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Indonesia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Indonesia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 16.8% 40.2%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 16.6% 39.6%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 17.3% 40.1%
2021 37.9% 81% 18.1% 41.1%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 18.4% 39.7%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 16.4% 30.6%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 16.6% 30.4%
2017 41.1% 57% 16.4% 29.4%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 16.9% 28%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 17.6% 27%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 18.4% 24.6%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 18.8% 24.9%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 18.8% 23%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 17.7% 23.1%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 16.9% 26.4%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 17% 26.5%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 19.4% 30.3%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 18.7% 38.1%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 18.4% 35.8%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 17.4% 42.6%
2004 23% 117.9% 17.8% 51.3%
2003 22% 125.2% 18.2% 55.6%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 16.9% 62.3%
2001 26.4% 48% 19.5% 73.7%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 15.3% 87.4%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 15.1% 95.9%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 15.1% 72.5%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 15.2% 26.4%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 11.5% 27.5%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 11.9% 32%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 13.5% 37%
1993 22% 26.9% 14.1% 40.4%
1992 12.1% 25% 16.8% 42.6%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 15% 39.2%
1990 11% 48.5% 15.8% 40.8%
1989 11% 118.2% 16.5% 42.5%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 17.3% 45.6%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 18% 49.7%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 20.9% 38.3%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 18.5% 28%
1984 13% 54.6% 16.1% 23.5%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 18.2% 23.1%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 18.8% 18.6%
1981 17% 26.5% 24.4% 16.4%
1980 15.2% 11.4% 22.1% 17.3%
1979 14.5% 12.4% 20.9% 22%
1978 14.9% 17.5% 20.1% 30.3%
1977 12.6% 25.1% 19.5% 27.7%
1976 13% 28.7% 21.8% 38.1%
1975 12.5% 33.8% 20.5% 36.7%
1974 14% 13% 17.3% 34.4%
1973 12.6% 12% 16.3% 43.1%
1972 11.2% 17.1% 15.7% 51.2%
1971 11.7% 15.2% 14.5% 50.5%
1970 12% 13.5% 13.8% 46.7%
1969 12.3% 9.63% 12.8% -
1968 12.8% 9.43% 8.82% -
1967 13% 10.9% 10.4% -
1966 12.1% 13.4% 9.18% -
1965 11.6% 15.9% 10.7% -
1964 11.8% 16.8% 9.55% -
1963 11.2% 23.4% 10.3% -
1962 11.3% 25.1% 7.89% -
1961 12.3% 8.69% 15.1% -
1960 11.3% 8.39% 14.4% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1992–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Indonesia spent $235B, or 16.8% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 40.2% in Indonesia, ranking 39/185 and 132/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Indonesia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Indonesia
2024 0.46% -2.3%
2023 -5.33% -1.64%
2022 -3.84% -2.31%
2021 -4.33% -4.4%
2020 -8.67% -6.07%
2019 -4.44% -2.09%
2018 -5.44% -1.69%
2017 -6.69% -2.26%
2016 -6.65% -2.56%
2015 -6% -2.72%
2014 -4.25% -1.8%
2013 -3.25% -1.96%
2012 -3.02% -1.59%
2011 -2.75% -0.7%
2010 -1.39% -1.24%
2009 -1.83% -1.64%
2008 0.35% 0.05%
2007 0.76% -0.95%
2006 1.65% 0.45%
2005 3.34% 0.46%
2004 3.97% -0.26%
2003 1.5% -1.08%
2002 -1.91% -0.58%
2001 -5.36% -1.76%
2000 -3.42% -1.87%
1999 -3.71% -0.96%
1998 -1.83% -1.89%
1997 -1.84% -1.03%
1996 -2.81% 0.96%
1995 -2.07% 0.64%
1994 -1.25% 0.005%
1993 -0.02% -0.59%
1992 1.54% -2.95%
1991 0.96% -0.87%
1990 -0.14% -0.55%
1989 -0.25% -1.72%
1988 -1.75% -2.68%
1987 1.89% -0.9%
1986 3.3% -2.94%
1985 3.6% -0.45%
1984 -1.39% 1.83%
1983 -2.89% -1%
1982 -4.68% -1.11%
1981 -3.93% -0.69%
1980 -1.14% -0.82%
1979 -1.5% -0.67%
1978 -1.36% -2.03%
1977 -0.54% -0.38%
1976 -2.39% -2.63%
1975 -2.9% -2.33%
1974 -1.08% -0.35%
1973 -1.48% -1.33%
1972 -0.12% -1.82%
1971 0.32% -2.51%
1970 1.01% -3.02%
1969 0.54% -2.8%
1968 0.25% 0%
1967 0.66% -0.35%
1966 -0.98% -5.06%
1965 -0.89% -6.62%
1964 -1.34% -5.58%
1963 -0.65% -5.24%
1962 -0.47% -3.1%
1961 1.73% -4.57%
1960 -1.98% -1.65%
1959 -4.82% -4.06%
1958 -6.61% -6.67%
1957 -2.72% -2.92%
1956 -3.77% -1.38%
1955 -3.75% -1.6%
1954 -3.21% -3.16%
1953 -3.1% -2.33%
1952 -3.01% -3.66%
1951 -3.52% 1.52%
1950 -3.38% -
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Indonesia's deficit of $32.1B, or 2.3% of GDP.

Over the past 58 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 41 of those years, while Indonesia ran a deficit in 50 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.61% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.39% of GDP for Indonesia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Indonesia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Indonesia
2024 219.9% 2.18%
2023 133.5% 3.67%
2022 72.4% 4.21%
2021 48.4% 1.56%
2020 42% 1.92%
2019 53.5% 3.03%
2018 34.3% 3.2%
2017 25.7% 3.81%
2016 - 3.53%
2015 - 6.36%
2014 - 6.39%
2013 10.6% 6.41%
2012 10% 4.28%
2011 9.8% 5.36%
2010 10.5% 5.13%
2009 6.3% 4.39%
2008 8.6% 10.2%
2007 8.8% 6.41%
2006 10.9% 13.1%
2005 9.6% 10.5%
2004 4.4% 6.06%
2003 13.4% 6.76%
2002 25.9% 11.9%
2001 -1.1% 11.5%
2000 -0.9% 3.69%
1999 -1.2% 20.5%
1998 0.9% 58.5%
1997 - 6.23%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

Over the past 27 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 31.5%, compared with 8.31% in Indonesia. In 2024, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 2.18% in Indonesia.

Top exports between countries

Argentina
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $714M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $353M
Miscellaneous $234M
Animal & marine products $12.1M
Textiles & consumer goods $9.82M
Chemicals & pharma $9.18M
Metals $4.05M
Raw materials & minerals $3.06M
Wood & paper products $2.05M
Machinery & equipment $1.74M
Indonesia
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $83.9M
Machinery & equipment $60.1M
Raw materials & minerals $28.8M
Chemicals & pharma $22.1M
Metals $10.4M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $8.04M
Raw agricultural goods $5.41M
Wood & paper products $1.96M
Precious metals & jewellery $515K
Miscellaneous $140K

Balance of trade

Argentina Indonesia
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
-$8.72B
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
174/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
-0.62%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$223B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$263B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$57.6B
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$39B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
20.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
22.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Indonesia
Economic freedom 57.4 65.1
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 67/197
Property rights 41.2 39.7
Government integrity 41.2 42
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 43.1
Tax burden 67.8 81.5
Government spending 62.3 91.4
Fiscal health 72.2 89.8
Business freedom 56.8 69.2
Labor freedom 53.5 56.8
Monetary freedom 28.9 79.4
Trade freedom 67.4 78.6
Investment freedom 70 50
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Indonesia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Indonesia
2026 57.4 65.1
2025 54.2 65.2
2024 49.9 63.5
2023 51 63.5
2022 50.1 64.4
2021 52.7 66.9
2020 53.1 67.2
2019 52.2 65.8
2018 52.3 64.2
2017 50.4 61.9
2016 43.8 59.4
2015 44.1 58.1
2014 44.6 58.5
2013 46.7 56.9
2012 48 56.4
2011 51.7 56
2010 51.2 55.5
2009 52.3 53.4
2008 54.2 53.2
2007 54 53.2
2006 53.4 51.9
2005 51.7 52.9
2004 53.9 52.1
2003 56.3 55.8
2002 65.7 54.8
2001 68.6 52.5
2000 70 55.2
1999 70.6 61.5
1998 70.9 63.4
1997 73.3 62
1996 74.7 61
1995 68 54.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 65.1 for Indonesia, ranking 67/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Indonesia
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
43.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
39.3%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
12.6%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$1.39T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$16,010
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$156B
2024
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
20/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$15.9B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$24.2B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$8.39B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
5.65%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
9%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
31.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/indonesia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.