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Economy of Argentina vs Eswatini compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Argentina has a GDP of $638B compared to $4.86B for Eswatini, ranking 24/197 and 162/197 by economy size, respectively.

Argentina has $540B in government debt (84.7% of GDP), compared to $1.93B (39.8% of GDP) in Eswatini.

Argentina vs Eswatini GDP by year

Argentina
Eswatini
1x
Year GDP, current $
Argentina Eswatini
2024 $638,365,455,340 $4,858,885,841
2023 $649,461,687,959 $4,621,191,262
2022 $633,993,756,301 $4,746,660,274
2021 $486,564,085,480 $4,807,069,277
2020 $385,740,508,437 $4,134,677,810
2019 $447,754,683,615 $4,617,018,959
2018 $524,819,892,360 $4,643,751,059
2017 $643,628,393,281 $4,462,640,651
2016 $557,532,320,663 $3,722,306,117
2015 $594,749,285,413 $3,908,217,914
2014 $526,319,673,732 $4,285,065,665
2013 $552,025,140,252 $4,463,396,204
2012 $545,982,375,701 $4,747,813,067
2011 $530,158,122,010 $4,722,912,047
2010 $423,627,422,092 $4,360,714,359
2009 $332,976,484,578 $3,525,213,502
2008 $361,558,037,110 $3,235,921,171
2007 $287,530,508,431 $3,391,122,887
2006 $232,557,260,817 $3,215,307,901
2005 $198,737,095,012 $3,097,946,371
2004 $164,657,930,453 $2,710,331,785
2003 $127,586,973,492 $2,149,632,433
2002 $97,724,004,252 $1,393,945,031
2001 $268,696,750,000 $1,502,870,486
2000 $284,203,750,000 $1,697,161,558
1999 $283,523,000,000 $1,547,888,496
1998 $298,948,250,000 $1,576,908,856
1997 $292,859,000,000 $1,716,714,070
1996 $272,149,750,000 $1,602,741,834
1995 $258,031,750,000 $1,698,989,464
1994 $257,440,000,000 $1,419,294,254
1993 $236,741,715,015 $1,357,189,552
1992 $228,778,917,308 $1,284,759,928
1991 $189,719,984,268 $1,156,135,718
1990 $141,352,654,305 $1,114,694,041
1989 $76,629,728,760 $696,921,542
1988 $126,890,235,049 $692,026,455
1987 $108,810,885,301 $584,126,092
1986 $105,872,372,614 $449,140,318
1985 $88,150,891,728 $360,079,419
1984 $116,915,052,107 $494,483,409
1983 $103,979,106,778 $555,336,146
1982 $84,307,486,837 $537,568,059
1981 $78,676,842,367 $570,774,825
1980 $76,961,923,741 $541,976,853
1979 $69,252,328,952 $412,093,134
1978 $89,049,453,088 $340,630,085
1977 $56,781,000,101 $304,060,076
1976 $51,169,499,892 $272,550,068
1975 $52,438,647,922 $288,299,789
1974 $72,436,777,342 $264,320,941
1973 $52,544,000,117 $221,915,128
1972 $34,733,000,536 $146,736,479
1971 $33,293,199,095 $136,462,081
1970 $31,584,210,366 $112,139,955
1969 $31,256,284,544 $105,419,958
1968 $26,436,857,247 $79,799,968
1967 $24,256,667,553 $74,759,970
1966 $28,630,474,728 $76,859,969
1965 $28,344,705,967 $70,279,972
1964 $25,605,249,382 $64,980,554
1963 $18,272,123,664 $54,129,438
1962 $18,337,691,145 $45,927,962
1961 $20,132,220,375 $43,026,043
1960 $15,865,474,315 $35,076,846

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

GDP per capita in Argentina vs Eswatini by year

Argentina
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Eswatini
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Argentina Eswatini
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $13,970 $30,431 $3,910 $11,799
2023 $14,262 $30,221 $3,756 $11,300
2022 $13,962 $29,809 $3,894 $10,635
2021 $10,738 $26,300 $3,984 $9,990
2020 $8,536 $22,393 $3,467 $9,329
2019 $9,956 $23,517 $3,913 $9,248
2018 $11,753 $24,410 $3,973 $8,535
2017 $14,533 $23,385 $3,853 $8,584
2016 $12,700 $20,106 $3,238 $8,484
2015 $13,680 $19,899 $3,420 $8,391
2014 $12,233 $19,487 $3,771 $8,366
2013 $12,964 $19,929 $3,950 $8,231
2012 $12,950 $19,430 $4,225 $7,760
2011 $12,704 $19,105 $4,225 $7,571
2010 $10,260 $17,848 $3,923 $7,324
2009 $8,150 $16,182 $3,190 $7,011
2008 $8,944 $17,277 $2,947 $6,914
2007 $7,185 $16,455 $3,109 $6,732
2006 $5,869 $14,844 $2,965 $6,319
2005 $5,068 $13,465 $2,871 $5,773
2004 $4,242 $12,118 $2,526 $5,310
2003 $3,320 $10,933 $2,015 $5,020
2002 $2,570 $9,953 $1,316 $4,742
2001 $7,141 $11,118 $1,430 $4,521
2000 $7,637 $11,500 $1,630 $4,401
1999 $7,706 $11,464 $1,502 $4,272
1998 $8,219 $11,836 $1,547 $4,137
1997 $8,147 $11,403 $1,705 $4,038
1996 $7,663 $10,496 $1,619 $3,916
1995 $7,358 $9,891 $1,751 $3,777
1994 $7,438 $10,103 $1,461 $3,526
1993 $6,932 $9,472 $1,397 $3,371
1992 $6,790 $8,668 $1,362 $3,289
1991 $5,709 $7,961 $1,273 $3,236
1990 $4,315 $7,158 $1,278 $3,202
1989 $2,375 - $832 -
1988 $3,993 - $865 -
1987 $3,477 - $765 -
1986 $3,436 - $611 -
1985 $2,906 - $510 -
1984 $3,915 - $726 -
1983 $3,538 - $843 -
1982 $2,915 - $843 -
1981 $2,764 - $925 -
1980 $2,748 - $908 -
1979 $2,512 - $714 -
1978 $3,282 - $610 -
1977 $2,126 - $563 -
1976 $1,947 - $521 -
1975 $2,027 - $568 -
1974 $2,845 - $536 -
1973 $2,098 - $463 -
1972 $1,409 - $315 -
1971 $1,373 - $301 -
1970 $1,323 - $254.2 -
1969 $1,330 - $245.2 -
1968 $1,142 - $190.4 -
1967 $1,064 - $182.8 -
1966 $1,275 - $192.7 -
1965 $1,282 - $181 -
1964 $1,176 - $171.6 -
1963 $853 - $146.4 -
1962 $870 - $127.1 -
1961 $971 - $121.8 -
1960 $778 - $101.6 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

Argentina's GDP per capita is $13,970, ranking 72/197, compared to $3,910 in Eswatini, ranking 131/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Argentina ranks 73rd at $30,431, while Eswatini ranks 126th at $11,799.

Economic indicators

Argentina Eswatini
Gross domestic product
$638B
2024
$4.86B
2024
GDP rank
24/197
2024
162/197
2024
GDP growth
-1.34%
2023-2024
2.97%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$13,970
2024
$3,910
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
131/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$30,431
2024
$11,799
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
73/197
2024
126/197
2024
Government debt
$540B
2024
$1.93B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
84.7%
2024
39.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,826
2024
$1,554
2024
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2024
130/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,743
2026
$3,913
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$52.9B
2022
$234M
2007
Number of billionaires
5
2025
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.2%
2024
42.7%
2016
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2024
1.4%
2016
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31%
2024
33.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
219.9%
2023-2024
2.6%
2018-2019
Central bank interest rate
29%
2025
6.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2024
34.6%
2023
Population
46048053
1273390

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Argentina
Spending

Debt
Eswatini
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Argentina Eswatini
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31% 84.7% 33.3% 39.8%
2023 37.6% 154.6% 32% 40%
2022 37.6% 84.3% 29.6% 40.5%
2021 37.9% 81% 30.1% 38.4%
2020 42.5% 103.8% 32.7% 38.2%
2019 38.1% 89.8% 32.9% 30.7%
2018 38.9% 85.2% 32.2% 27%
2017 41.1% 57% 33.9% 21.9%
2016 41.5% 53.1% 34.7% 20.5%
2015 41.4% 52.6% 35.3% 16.4%
2014 38.9% 44.7% 33.3% 14.3%
2013 37.6% 43.5% 29.4% 15.5%
2012 36.8% 40.4% 27.8% 15.2%
2011 34.9% 38.9% 26% 15.1%
2010 33.4% 43.5% 31.6% 14.5%
2009 34.5% 55.4% 34.5% 10.8%
2008 30.8% 53.8% 34.4% 15%
2007 29.6% 62.1% 31.2% 16.6%
2006 26.6% 70.8% 28.2% 15%
2005 24.4% 80.3% 29.7% 13.9%
2004 23% 117.9% 32% 15.5%
2003 22% 125.2% 26.4% 18%
2002 21.9% 147.2% 27.2% 17.6%
2001 26.4% 48% 26.4% 22.4%
2000 25.2% 40.8% 25.3% 18.7%
1999 25.5% 38.9% 26.5% 17.2%
1998 23.1% 34.1% 22.5% 15.9%
1997 22.6% 31.7% 21.2% 13%
1996 22.7% 32.6% 23.3% 12%
1995 22.9% 30.7% 20.5% 12.9%
1994 22.9% 28.4% 24.7% 13.8%
1993 22% 26.9% 24% 15.6%
1992 12.1% 25% 26% 16.6%
1991 11.4% 35.7% 20.3% 20.1%
1990 11% 48.5% 18.7% 20.4%
1989 11% 118.2% 15.8% 26.8%
1988 12.3% 61.4% 15.6% 27.5%
1987 13.7% 74.1% 17% 36.1%
1986 13.7% 55.9% 19.8% 44%
1985 14.7% 55.2% 22.3% 45.5%
1984 13% 54.6% 22.2% 29.7%
1983 14.2% 64.2% 23.2% 28.7%
1982 15.9% 52.2% 24% 29.2%
1981 17% 26.5% 23.8% 24.3%
1980 15.2% 11.4% 19.6% 27.2%
1979 14.5% 12.4% - -
1978 14.9% 17.5% - -
1977 12.6% 25.1% - -
1976 13% 28.7% - -
1975 12.5% 33.8% - -
1974 14% 13% - -
1973 12.6% 12% - -
1972 11.2% 17.1% - -
1971 11.7% 15.2% - -
1970 12% 13.5% - -
1969 12.3% 9.63% - -
1968 12.8% 9.43% - -
1967 13% 10.9% - -
1966 12.1% 13.4% - -
1965 11.6% 15.9% - -
1964 11.8% 16.8% - -
1963 11.2% 23.4% - -
1962 11.3% 25.1% - -
1961 12.3% 8.69% - -
1960 11.3% 8.39% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government spending was $198B, accounting for 31% of its GDP, while Eswatini spent $1.62B, or 33.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 84.7% in Argentina and 39.8% in Eswatini, ranking 39/185 and 134/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Argentina

Eswatini
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Argentina Eswatini
2024 0.46% -1.36%
2023 -5.33% -0.67%
2022 -3.84% -5.4%
2021 -4.33% -4.68%
2020 -8.67% -4.27%
2019 -4.44% -6.26%
2018 -5.44% -6.72%
2017 -6.69% -5.68%
2016 -6.65% -8.54%
2015 -6% -6.03%
2014 -4.25% -1.18%
2013 -3.25% 0.59%
2012 -3.02% 3.48%
2011 -2.75% -4.02%
2010 -1.39% -9.52%
2009 -1.83% -3.06%
2008 0.35% 1.63%
2007 0.76% 2.44%
2006 1.65% 8.88%
2005 3.34% -1.7%
2004 3.97% -4.1%
2003 1.5% -2.15%
2002 -1.91% -3.78%
2001 -5.36% -2.31%
2000 -3.42% -1.22%
1999 -3.71% -1.27%
1998 -1.83% 1.07%
1997 -1.84% 2.11%
1996 -2.81% -1%
1995 -2.07% 0.9%
1994 -1.25% -3.61%
1993 -0.02% -3.29%
1992 1.54% -2.9%
1991 0.96% 3.4%
1990 -0.14% 5.61%
1989 -0.25% 5.82%
1988 -1.75% 3.23%
1987 1.89% 2.03%
1986 3.3% -2.41%
1985 3.6% -1.33%
1984 -1.39% 1.25%
1983 -2.89% -0.6%
1982 -4.68% 0.11%
1981 -3.93% -4.29%
1980 -1.14% 6.55%
1979 -1.5% -
1978 -1.36% -
1977 -0.54% -
1976 -2.39% -
1975 -2.9% -
1974 -1.08% -
1973 -1.48% -
1972 -0.12% -
1971 0.32% -
1970 1.01% -
1969 0.54% -
1968 0.25% -
1967 0.66% -
1966 -0.98% -
1965 -0.89% -
1964 -1.34% -
1963 -0.65% -
1962 -0.47% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 -1.98% -
1959 -4.82% -
1958 -6.61% -
1957 -2.72% -
1956 -3.77% -
1955 -3.75% -
1954 -3.21% -
1953 -3.1% -
1952 -3.01% -
1951 -3.52% -
1950 -3.38% -
1949 -3.98% -
1948 -2.73% -
1947 -1.6% -
1946 -4.12% -
1945 -5.25% -
1944 -4.61% -
1943 -3.86% -
1942 -2.9% -
1941 -2.85% -
1940 -2.31% -
1939 -3.09% -
1938 -2.09% -
1937 -1.62% -
1936 -1.44% -
1935 -1.16% -
1934 -1.56% -
1933 -1.27% -
1932 -1.19% -
1931 -2.98% -
1930 -3.94% -
1929 -1.95% -
1928 -1.52% -
1927 -3.3% -
1926 -1% -
1925 -0.46% -
1924 -0.68% -
1923 -0.93% -
1922 -1.86% -
1921 -0.99% -
1920 0.2% -
1919 -0.3% -
1918 -1.14% -
1917 -2.18% -
1916 -2.13% -
1915 -2.64% -
1914 -3.03% -
1913 -0.61% -
1912 -0.78% -
1911 -2.19% -
1910 -2.24% -
1909 -2.57% -
1908 0.28% -
1907 -0.2% -
1906 -0.32% -
1905 -3.52% -
1904 0.15% -
1903 -0.25% -
1902 -2.2% -
1901 -0.54% -
1900 -0.42% -
1899 -0.4% -
1898 -9.31% -
1897 -1.46% -
1896 -4.19% -
1895 -1.59% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 0.06% -
1892 -1.33% -
1891 -4.48% -
1890 -1.82% -
1889 -2.88% -
1888 -0.69% -
1887 0.35% -
1886 -2.39% -
1885 -2.67% -
1884 -4.07% -
1883 -4.19% -
1882 -5.42% -
1881 -2.31% -
1880 -2.15% -
1879 -1.09% -
1878 -1.08% -
1877 -1.68% -
1876 -4.15% -
1875 -3.08% -
1874 -2.59% -
1873 -1.39% -
1872 -1.18% -
1871 -5.54% -
1870 -2.74% -
1869 -1.61% -
1868 -1.8% -
1867 -1.08% -
1866 -2.09% -
1865 -0.79% -
1864 0.51% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

In 2024, Argentina's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.92B, equivalent to 0.46% of GDP. This compares to Eswatini's deficit of $66.2M, or 1.36% of GDP.

Over the past 45 years, Argentina recorded a fiscal deficit in 33 of those years, while Eswatini ran a deficit in 29 years. On average, Argentina posted an annual deficit equal to 1.89% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.21% of GDP for Eswatini.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Argentina

Eswatini
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Argentina Eswatini
2024 219.9% -
2023 133.5% -
2022 72.4% -
2021 48.4% -
2020 42% -
2019 53.5% 2.6%
2018 34.3% 4.82%
2017 25.7% 6.22%
2016 - 7.85%
2015 - 4.95%
2014 - 5.68%
2013 10.6% 5.62%
2012 10% 8.94%
2011 9.8% 6.11%
2010 10.5% 4.51%
2009 6.3% 7.45%
2008 8.6% 12.7%
2007 8.8% 8.08%
2006 10.9% 5.3%
2005 9.6% 4.77%
2004 4.4% 3.45%
2003 13.4% 7.29%
2002 25.9% 12%
2001 -1.1% 5.94%
2000 -0.9% 12.2%
1999 -1.2% 6.09%
1998 0.9% 8.11%
1997 - 7.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1998–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2019, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

Over the past 22 years, Argentina has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 12.6%, compared with 6.85% in Eswatini. In 2019, inflation was 219.9% in Argentina and 2.6% in Eswatini.

Balance of trade

Argentina Eswatini
Current account balance
$5.7B
2024
$78.3M
2024
Current account balance ranking
32/190
2024
69/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.89%
2024
+1.61%
2024
Goods imports
$57.4B
2024
$2.07B
2024
Goods exports
$79.8B
2024
$2.33B
2024
Service imports
$22.9B
2024
$542M
2024
Service exports
$17.2B
2024
$234M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
12.7%
2024
53.7%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
53.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Argentina Eswatini
Economic freedom 57.4 57.5
Economic freedom ranking 117/197 116/197
Property rights 41.2 42.5
Government integrity 41.2 29.7
Judicial effectiveness 58.2 35.5
Tax burden 67.8 78.6
Government spending 62.3 71
Fiscal health 72.2 87.5
Business freedom 56.8 49.9
Labor freedom 53.5 55.2
Monetary freedom 28.9 76.8
Trade freedom 67.4 73.6
Investment freedom 70 50
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Argentina
Eswatini
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Argentina Eswatini
2026 57.4 57.5
2025 54.2 56.4
2024 49.9 55.6
2023 51 54.9
2022 50.1 51.4
2021 52.7 55.1
2020 53.1 55.3
2019 52.2 54.7
2018 52.3 55.9
2017 50.4 61.1
2016 43.8 59.7
2015 44.1 59.9
2014 44.6 61.2
2013 46.7 57.2
2012 48 57.2
2011 51.7 59.1
2010 51.2 57.4
2009 52.3 59.1
2008 54.2 58.4
2007 54 60.1
2006 53.4 61.4
2005 51.7 59.4
2004 53.9 58.6
2003 56.3 59.6
2002 65.7 60.9
2001 68.6 63.6
2000 70 62.6
1999 70.6 62.1
1998 70.9 62
1997 73.3 59.4
1996 74.7 58.6
1995 68 63.3

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/argentina/eswatini | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Argentina is 57.4, ranking 117/197, compared to 57.5 for Eswatini, ranking 116/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Argentina Eswatini
Services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
51.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24%
2024
34.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.81%
2024
6.48%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$618B
2024
$4.46B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$29,800
2024
$10,760
2024
Total reserves including gold
$29.6B
2024
$479M
2023
Total reserves ranking
56/177
2024
159/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$8.89B
2024
-$11.8M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$11.6B
2024
$75.5M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.76B
2024
$63.8M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
6.32%
2024
4.68%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
38.1%
2024
58.9%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.8%
2024
15%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1864–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  7. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.