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Economy of Spain vs Suriname compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Spain has a GDP of $1.73T compared to $4.42B for Suriname, ranking 15/197 and 164/197 by economy size, respectively.

Spain has $1.75T in government debt (101.6% of GDP), compared to $3.86B (87.3% of GDP) in Suriname.

Spain vs Suriname GDP by year

Spain
Suriname
1x
Year GDP, current $
Spain Suriname
2024 $1,725,671,652,742 $4,416,775,112
2023 $1,619,481,980,720 $3,472,693,412
2022 $1,448,850,658,407 $3,791,603,200
2021 $1,461,244,901,853 $3,107,923,198
2020 $1,289,783,836,971 $2,911,807,496
2019 $1,403,496,387,686 $4,016,040,575
2018 $1,431,642,809,327 $3,996,198,867
2017 $1,321,754,088,819 $3,591,679,431
2016 $1,243,015,667,917 $3,317,421,648
2015 $1,206,164,777,553 $5,126,237,646
2014 $1,380,244,561,362 $5,240,606,061
2013 $1,362,186,923,158 $5,145,757,576
2012 $1,330,994,811,670 $4,980,000,000
2011 $1,487,568,659,241 $4,422,276,622
2010 $1,427,989,078,917 $4,368,370,998
2009 $1,496,587,590,848 $3,875,409,836
2008 $1,636,115,447,613 $3,532,969,035
2007 $1,476,746,276,855 $2,936,612,022
2006 $1,261,846,683,275 $2,626,380,435
2005 $1,154,667,551,776 $1,793,410,397
2004 $1,069,829,382,515 $1,484,092,538
2003 $907,963,217,058 $1,274,190,311
2002 $708,938,227,244 $1,093,574,468
2001 $627,798,682,379 $834,279,358
2000 $598,102,854,756 $947,671,970
1999 $634,394,904,387 $886,290,698
1998 $618,731,484,575 $1,110,850,000
1997 $589,739,772,727 $926,422,500
1996 $642,251,412,058 $861,372,806
1995 $614,170,002,669 $691,590,498
1994 $530,183,651,720 $605,492,537
1993 $524,700,572,624 $428,764,706
1992 $630,465,353,486 $404,600,000
1991 $576,753,902,322 $448,100,000
1990 $536,175,326,477 $388,400,000
1989 $414,460,794,097 $542,600,000
1988 $375,891,716,898 $1,161,000,000
1987 $318,520,253,335 $980,000,000
1986 $251,141,555,186 $891,000,000
1985 $180,664,322,896 $873,000,000
1984 $171,979,977,230 $864,000,000
1983 $170,829,074,246 $883,500,000
1982 $195,856,752,991 $915,000,000
1981 $202,663,023,968 $889,000,000
1980 $232,600,556,974 $795,000,000
1979 $214,448,666,336 $782,500,000
1978 $160,484,969,618 $735,500,000
1977 $132,354,665,936 $641,500,000
1976 $118,422,534,195 $505,500,000
1975 $114,695,060,870 $465,500,000
1974 $97,204,522,642 $409,850,000
1973 $78,583,355,226 $339,450,000
1972 $59,090,176,029 $311,950,000
1971 $46,586,119,760 $301,000,000
1970 $40,963,715,237 $274,900,000
1969 $37,090,689,288 $259,650,000
1968 $32,394,326,464 $241,350,000
1967 $32,570,905,397 $220,700,000
1966 $29,559,436,183 $190,350,000
1965 $25,479,619,607 $154,150,000
1964 $21,966,876,027 $134,400,000
1963 $19,631,714,760 $125,950,000
1962 $16,609,632,791 $116,150,000
1961 $14,238,126,760 $107,700,000
1960 $12,424,514,014 $99,650,000

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

GDP per capita in Spain vs Suriname by year

Spain
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Suriname
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Spain Suriname
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $35,327 $57,965 $6,962 $21,801
2023 $33,493 $55,682 $5,522 $21,110
2022 $30,319 $51,399 $6,084 $20,079
2021 $30,799 $44,252 $5,030 $18,458
2020 $27,234 $39,328 $4,755 $16,947
2019 $29,787 $44,043 $6,630 $19,772
2018 $30,602 $41,015 $6,666 $17,855
2017 $28,381 $39,825 $6,050 $17,568
2016 $26,756 $37,613 $5,644 $14,475
2015 $25,982 $35,229 $8,814 $16,544
2014 $29,708 $33,761 $9,108 $16,598
2013 $29,229 $32,614 $9,043 $16,173
2012 $28,456 $31,870 $8,851 $15,185
2011 $31,825 $32,016 $7,950 $13,926
2010 $30,659 $31,805 $7,944 $13,039
2009 $32,280 $32,218 $7,130 $12,393
2008 $35,603 $33,350 $6,576 $12,097
2007 $32,652 $32,536 $5,530 $11,530
2006 $28,422 $30,749 $5,003 $10,803
2005 $26,451 $27,630 $3,453 $10,014
2004 $24,925 $26,160 $2,888 $9,389
2003 $21,522 $25,057 $2,516 $8,552
2002 $17,111 $24,378 $2,202 $8,046
2001 $15,368 $22,952 $1,715 $7,865
2000 $14,743 $21,582 $1,988 $7,535
1999 $15,708 $19,938 $1,898 $7,367
1998 $15,382 $19,083 $2,429 $7,521
1997 $14,722 $17,903 $2,068 $7,422
1996 $16,101 $16,971 $1,963 $7,048
1995 $15,461 $16,276 $1,610 $7,000
1994 $13,406 $15,582 $1,434 $6,973
1993 $13,330 $14,973 $1,022 $6,650
1992 $16,101 $14,855 $969 $6,992
1991 $14,801 $14,461 $1,080 $6,852
1990 $13,795 $13,676 $942 $6,493
1989 $10,674 - $1,329 -
1988 $9,696 - $2,886 -
1987 $8,234 - $2,469 -
1986 $6,509 - $2,271 -
1985 $4,696 - $2,256 -
1984 $4,487 - $2,261 -
1983 $4,475 - $2,333 -
1982 $5,156 - $2,430 -
1981 $5,367 - $2,368 -
1980 $6,204 - $2,118 -
1979 $5,766 - $2,072 -
1978 $4,353 - $1,928 -
1977 $3,625 - $1,666 -
1976 $3,277 - $1,302 -
1975 $3,208 - $1,190 -
1974 $2,748 - $1,041 -
1973 $2,246 - $858 -
1972 $1,708 - $785 -
1971 $1,361 - $768 -
1970 $1,211 - $724 -
1969 $1,109 - $708 -
1968 $978 - $681 -
1967 $997 - $644 -
1966 $916 - $575 -
1965 $797 - $482 -
1964 $695 - $435 -
1963 $627 - $424 -
1962 $535 - $409 -
1961 $463 - $395 -
1960 $408 - $378 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

Spain's GDP per capita is $35,327, ranking 32/197, compared to $6,962 in Suriname, ranking 102/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Spain ranks 34th at $57,965, while Suriname ranks 89th at $21,801.

Economic indicators

Spain Suriname
Gross domestic product
$1.73T
2024
$4.42B
2024
GDP rank
15/197
2024
164/197
2024
GDP growth
3.46%
2023-2024
1.72%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$35,327
2024
$6,962
2024
GDP per capita rank
32/197
2024
102/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$57,965
2024
$21,801
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
34/197
2024
89/197
2024
Government debt
$1.75T
2024
$3.86B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
101.6%
2024
87.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$35,909
2024
$6,077
2024
Government debt per person rank
20/185
2024
74/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$25,470
2026
$3,263
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$754B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
1,202,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
34
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.5%
2023
30.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.2%
2023
2.2%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
45.3%
2024
29.2%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.77%
2023-2024
16.2%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
10%
2013
Unemployment rate
11.3%
2024
7.92%
2016
Population
48806901
646767

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Spain
Spending

Debt
Suriname
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Spain Suriname
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 45.3% 101.6% 29.2% 87.3%
2023 45.5% 105.1% 29% 98.2%
2022 46.4% 109.2% 29.5% 116.9%
2021 49.5% 115.6% 32% 115.8%
2020 51.4% 119.2% 30.2% 146.4%
2019 42% 97.6% 40.5% 84%
2018 41.5% 99.7% 29.5% 68.6%
2017 41% 101.1% 28.7% 73%
2016 42.1% 102% 27.9% 75.4%
2015 43.7% 102.4% 29.9% 41.2%
2014 45.1% 104.4% 25.2% 25.2%
2013 46.2% 100% 26.2% 27.9%
2012 49.2% 89.6% 25.1% 20.1%
2011 45.9% 69.5% 21% 18.7%
2010 45.8% 60.3% 21% 17.3%
2009 46.1% 53.1% 24% 14.6%
2008 41.3% 39.6% 20.5% 14.8%
2007 39.2% 35.7% 22.6% 16.4%
2006 38.4% 39% 22.2% 22.5%
2005 38.4% 42.4% 22.2% 27.1%
2004 38.8% 45.3% 20.8% 29.4%
2003 38.4% 47.7% 19.2% 31.5%
2002 38.6% 51.2% 22.2% 37.4%
2001 38.4% 54.1% 21.8% 37.2%
2000 39.1% 57.8% 24.4% 48.4%
1999 40% 60.9% 19.6% 32.3%
1998 41% 62.4% 30.3% 21.6%
1997 41.5% 64.3% 21.1% 16.8%
1996 42.9% 65.4% 21.4% 11.8%
1995 44.1% 61.6% 20.2% 16.3%
1994 44.8% 57% 19.8% 30.5%
1993 46.3% 54.6% 21.2% 51.1%
1992 43.9% 44.1% 24.4% 64.4%
1991 42.6% 41.9% 26.6% 75.7%
1990 41.1% 41.3% 22.7% 72.9%
1989 32.1% 39.2% - -
1988 28.6% 38.2% - -
1987 31.1% 42.1% - -
1986 28.4% 36.5% - -
1985 27.6% 31.5% - -
1984 27% 18.3% - -
1983 26% 13.4% - -
1982 21.5% 12% - -
1981 18.1% 10.9% - -
1980 16.3% 10.2% - -
1979 14.3% 9.88% - -
1978 14.3% 9.93% - -
1977 12.8% 8.75% - -
1976 11.5% 8.21% - -
1975 11.4% 11.9% - -
1974 11.4% 13.6% - -
1973 9.88% 16.3% - -
1972 12.5% 17.6% - -
1971 14% 17.9% - -
1970 12.3% 19.2% - -
1969 12.3% 18.8% - -
1968 12.8% 18.3% - -
1967 12.5% 17.6% - -
1966 11.8% 17.7% - -
1965 14% 18.1% - -
1964 12.7% 19.5% - -
1963 12.4% 21% - -
1962 10.6% 24.4% - -
1961 9.97% 26.7% - -
1960 11% 29.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

In 2024, Spain's government spending was $782B, accounting for 45.3% of its GDP, while Suriname spent $1.29B, or 29.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 101.6% in Spain and 87.3% in Suriname, ranking 21/185 and 37/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Spain

Suriname
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Spain Suriname
2024 -3.15% -2.42%
2023 -3.52% -1.68%
2022 -4.63% -2.69%
2021 -6.66% -5.66%
2020 -10% -12%
2019 -3.04% -20.2%
2018 -2.58% -8.56%
2017 -3.1% -8.62%
2016 -4.26% -10.2%
2015 -5.26% -8.29%
2014 -6.07% -2.65%
2013 -7.49% -2.64%
2012 -11.5% -0.38%
2011 -9.69% 2.32%
2010 -9.49% -0.15%
2009 -11.2% 2.03%
2008 -4.56% 2.39%
2007 1.88% 5.01%
2006 2.12% 0.59%
2005 1.23% -3.39%
2004 -0.1% -1.2%
2003 -0.37% -0.11%
2002 -0.32% -3.3%
2001 -0.45% 3.49%
2000 -1.16% -7.76%
1999 -1.24% -4.92%
1998 -2.63% -6.39%
1997 -3.86% -0.32%
1996 -5.87% 3.42%
1995 -6.79% 1.17%
1994 -6.31% -1.89%
1993 -6.89% -4.68%
1992 -4.26% -6.45%
1991 -4.58% -9.8%
1990 -3.9% -3.04%
1989 -3.24% -
1988 -2.95% -
1987 -3.52% -
1986 -5.18% -
1985 -6.04% -
1984 -5.25% -
1983 -4.77% -
1982 -5.76% -
1981 -2.88% -
1980 -2.55% -
1979 -1.51% -
1978 -1.63% -
1977 -0.24% -
1976 0.43% -
1975 0.26% -
1974 0.11% -
1973 1.09% -
1972 0.24% -
1971 -0.96% -
1970 0.09% -
1969 -0.06% -
1968 -0.55% -
1967 -0.32% -
1966 0.07% -
1965 -0.04% -
1964 0.18% -
1963 -0.54% -
1962 1.27% -
1961 1.9% -
1960 0.69% -
1959 0.54% -
1958 0.23% -
1957 1.13% -
1956 -0.05% -
1955 0.6% -
1954 0.7% -
1953 1.02% -
1952 0.81% -
1951 -0.24% -
1950 -0.44% -
1949 -0.35% -
1948 -1.21% -
1947 -1.09% -
1946 -2.24% -
1945 -4.56% -
1944 -5.44% -
1943 -7.73% -
1942 -2.48% -
1941 -4.34% -
1940 -3.54% -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -
1936 - -
1935 -0.49% -
1934 -1.17% -
1933 -0.72% -
1932 -0.3% -
1931 0.1% -
1930 0.3% -
1929 -0.07% -
1928 -0.31% -
1927 -0.54% -
1926 -0.65% -
1925 -1.19% -
1924 -1.76% -
1923 -1.89% -
1922 -2.26% -
1921 -3.33% -
1920 -2.4% -
1919 -1.82% -
1918 -1.8% -
1917 -1.49% -
1916 -1.15% -
1915 -2.97% -
1914 -1.04% -
1913 -0.09% -
1912 -0.33% -
1911 0.19% -
1910 0.09% -
1909 -0.29% -
1908 0.59% -
1907 0.66% -
1906 0.91% -
1905 0.71% -
1904 0.52% -
1903 0.28% -
1902 0.74% -
1901 0.69% -
1900 1.04% -
1899 2.75% -
1898 0.13% -
1897 -0.64% -
1896 0.46% -
1895 0.83% -
1894 -0.08% -
1893 0.87% -
1892 -0.67% -
1891 -0.41% -
1890 -0.4% -
1889 -0.38% -
1888 -0.97% -
1887 -0.73% -
1886 -0.08% -
1885 -0.78% -
1884 -0.23% -
1883 -0.38% -
1882 0.38% -
1881 0.08% -
1880 -0.02% -
1879 -0.52% -
1878 -0.08% -
1877 0.11% -
1876 0.1% -
1875 -1.42% -
1874 -0.1% -
1873 2.22% -
1872 -2.27% -
1871 -2.64% -
1870 -3.42% -
1869 -2.64% -
1868 -1.46% -
1867 -0.79% -
1866 -0.83% -
1865 -1.84% -
1864 -2.48% -
1863 -1.55% -
1862 -1.76% -
1861 -1.77% -
1860 -0.94% -
1859 0.39% -
1858 -0.44% -
1857 -0.41% -
1856 -0.46% -
1855 -0.76% -
1854 -0.32% -
1853 -0.02% -
1852 -0.11% -
1851 -0.25% -
1850 0.31% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

In 2024, Spain's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $54.3B, equivalent to 3.15% of GDP. This compares to Suriname's deficit of $107M, or 2.42% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Spain recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 of those years, while Suriname ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, Spain posted an annual deficit equal to 4.28% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.4% of GDP for Suriname.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Spain

Suriname
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Spain Suriname
2024 2.77% 16.2%
2023 3.53% 51.6%
2022 8.39% 52.4%
2021 3.09% 59.1%
2020 -0.32% 34.9%
2019 0.7% -
2018 1.67% -
2017 1.96% 22%
2016 -0.2% 55.4%
2015 -0.5% 6.89%
2014 -0.15% 3.38%
2013 1.41% 1.92%
2012 2.45% 5.01%
2011 3.2% 17.7%
2010 1.8% 6.94%
2009 -0.29% -0.13%
2008 4.08% 14.7%
2007 2.79% 6.43%
2006 3.52% 11.3%
2005 3.37% 9.9%
2004 3.04% 9.99%
2003 3.04% 23%
2002 3.07% 15.5%
2001 3.59% 38.6%
2000 3.43% 59.4%
1999 2.31% 98.8%
1998 1.83% 19%
1997 1.97% 7.15%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Spain has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.34%, compared with 24.9% in Suriname. In 2024, inflation was 2.77% in Spain and 16.2% in Suriname.

Top exports between countries

Spain
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $4.38M
Weapons & explosives $3.57M
Metals $1.61M
Raw materials & minerals $1.45M
Machinery & equipment $1.17M
Chemicals & pharma $957K
Animal & marine products $793K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $588K
Wood & paper products $120K
Miscellaneous $45K
Suriname
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $182K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $106K
Animal & marine products $44K
Wood & paper products $34K
Metals $17K
Raw agricultural goods $13K
Chemicals & pharma $12K
Raw materials & minerals $3K
Miscellaneous $2K
Textiles & consumer goods $1K

Balance of trade

Spain Suriname
Current account balance
$54.9B
2024
$9.31M
2024
Current account balance ranking
13/190
2024
76/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+3.18%
2024
+0.21%
2024
Goods imports
$456B
2024
$1.65B
2024
Goods exports
$419B
2024
$2.58B
2024
Service imports
$111B
2024
$921M
2024
Service exports
$220B
2024
$211M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.9%
2024
38.4%
2010
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.1%
2024
52.5%
2010

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Spain Suriname
Economic freedom 66.8 53
Economic freedom ranking 59/197 143/197
Property rights 88 40.5
Government integrity 64.2 41
Judicial effectiveness 74.3 46.5
Tax burden 58.2 69.1
Government spending 37.3 74.3
Fiscal health 57.3 76.6
Business freedom 82.6 56.9
Labor freedom 61.7 69
Monetary freedom 78.2 56.4
Trade freedom 79.4 65.2
Investment freedom 60 20
Financial freedom 60 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Spain
Suriname
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Spain Suriname
2026 66.8 53
2025 66.3 50.9
2024 63.3 46.7
2023 65 46.1
2022 68.2 48.1
2021 69.9 46.4
2020 66.9 49.5
2019 65.7 48.1
2018 65.1 48.1
2017 63.6 48
2016 68.5 53.8
2015 67.6 54.2
2014 67.2 54.2
2013 68 52
2012 69.1 52.6
2011 70.2 53.1
2010 69.6 52.5
2009 70.1 54.1
2008 69.1 54.3
2007 69.2 54.8
2006 68.2 55.1
2005 67 51.9
2004 68.9 47.9
2003 68.8 46.9
2002 68.8 48
2001 68.1 44.3
2000 65.9 45.8
1999 65.1 40.1
1998 62.6 39.9
1997 59.6 35.9
1996 59.6 36.7
1995 62.8 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/spain/suriname | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Spain is 66.8, ranking 59/197, compared to 53 for Suriname, ranking 143/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Spain Suriname
Services, % of GDP
68.9%
2024
50.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
19.5%
2024
35.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2.75%
2024
6.77%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$1.64T
2024
$3.61B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$57,670
2024
$20,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$108B
2024
$1.63B
2024
Total reserves ranking
26/177
2024
132/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$28.7B
2024
$26.5M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$42.8B
2024
-$37.6M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$71.5B
2024
-$11.1M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
20.5%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
20.2%
2022
70%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.2%
2024
36.2%
2010

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.