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Economy of Suriname vs United Kingdom compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Suriname has a GDP of $4.42B compared to $3.69T for the United Kingdom, ranking 164/197 and 6/197 by economy size, respectively.

Suriname has $3.86B in government debt (87.3% of GDP), compared to $3.73T (101.2% of GDP) in the United Kingdom.

Suriname vs United Kingdom GDP by year

Suriname
United Kingdom
1x
Year GDP, current $
Suriname United Kingdom
2024 $4,416,775,112 $3,686,033,044,482
2023 $3,472,693,412 $3,420,796,653,789
2022 $3,791,603,200 $3,181,244,350,465
2021 $3,107,923,198 $3,194,559,188,926
2020 $2,911,807,496 $2,724,001,478,305
2019 $4,016,040,575 $2,875,710,080,015
2018 $3,996,198,867 $2,897,028,009,916
2017 $3,591,679,431 $2,699,118,387,873
2016 $3,317,421,648 $2,706,807,606,539
2015 $5,126,237,646 $2,945,579,890,258
2014 $5,240,606,061 $3,085,362,169,410
2013 $5,145,757,576 $2,796,908,333,283
2012 $4,980,000,000 $2,719,715,961,540
2011 $4,422,276,622 $2,675,590,034,129
2010 $4,368,370,998 $2,496,740,681,057
2009 $3,875,409,836 $2,429,358,155,476
2008 $3,532,969,035 $2,945,251,838,235
2007 $2,936,612,022 $3,104,699,879,952
2006 $2,626,380,435 $2,719,558,417,663
2005 $1,793,410,397 $2,551,361,818,182
2004 $1,484,092,538 $2,429,774,807,763
2003 $1,274,190,311 $2,061,227,755,102
2002 $1,093,574,468 $1,790,536,570,743
2001 $834,279,358 $1,656,171,009,069
2000 $947,671,970 $1,671,597,821,153
1999 $886,290,698 $1,693,458,987,219
1998 $1,110,850,000 $1,660,821,464,061
1997 $926,422,500 $1,569,317,288,802
1996 $861,372,806 $1,425,287,051,482
1995 $691,590,498 $1,349,094,208,616
1994 $605,492,537 $1,140,489,745,944
1993 $428,764,706 $1,061,388,722,256
1992 $404,600,000 $1,179,659,529,660
1991 $448,100,000 $1,142,797,178,131
1990 $388,400,000 $1,093,169,389,205
1989 $542,600,000 $926,884,816,754
1988 $1,161,000,000 $910,122,732,124
1987 $980,000,000 $745,162,608,269
1986 $891,000,000 $601,452,653,181
1985 $873,000,000 $489,285,164,271
1984 $864,000,000 $461,487,097,632
1983 $883,500,000 $489,618,008,186
1982 $915,000,000 $515,048,916,841
1981 $889,000,000 $540,765,675,241
1980 $795,000,000 $564,947,710,899
1979 $782,500,000 $438,994,070,309
1978 $735,500,000 $335,883,029,722
1977 $641,500,000 $263,066,457,352
1976 $505,500,000 $232,614,555,256
1975 $465,500,000 $241,756,637,168
1974 $409,850,000 $206,131,369,799
1973 $339,450,000 $192,537,971,583
1972 $311,950,000 $169,965,034,965
1971 $301,000,000 $148,113,896,325
1970 $274,900,000 $130,671,946,244
1969 $259,650,000 $116,464,702,803
1968 $241,350,000 $107,759,910,068
1967 $220,700,000 $113,116,888,211
1966 $190,350,000 $108,572,752,102
1965 $154,150,000 $101,824,755,079
1964 $134,400,000 $94,407,558,351
1963 $125,950,000 $86,561,961,812
1962 $116,150,000 $81,247,564,157
1961 $107,700,000 $77,741,965,703
1960 $99,650,000 $73,233,967,692

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

GDP per capita in Suriname vs United Kingdom by year

Suriname
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Kingdom
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Suriname United Kingdom
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $6,962 $21,801 $53,246 $62,009
2023 $5,522 $21,110 $49,944 $59,911
2022 $6,084 $20,079 $47,057 $59,022
2021 $5,030 $18,458 $47,691 $51,004
2020 $4,755 $16,947 $40,813 $48,230
2019 $6,630 $19,772 $43,159 $50,065
2018 $6,666 $17,855 $43,703 $47,212
2017 $6,050 $17,568 $40,917 $46,113
2016 $5,644 $14,475 $41,258 $44,085
2015 $8,814 $16,544 $45,255 $42,515
2014 $9,108 $16,598 $47,746 $41,267
2013 $9,043 $16,173 $43,607 $39,948
2012 $8,851 $15,185 $42,688 $38,337
2011 $7,950 $13,926 $42,296 $37,224
2010 $7,944 $13,039 $39,778 $36,484
2009 $7,130 $12,393 $39,009 $35,042
2008 $6,576 $12,097 $47,652 $36,745
2007 $5,530 $11,530 $50,629 $35,522
2006 $5,003 $10,803 $44,695 $34,727
2005 $3,453 $10,014 $42,240 $32,726
2004 $2,888 $9,389 $40,504 $32,051
2003 $2,516 $8,552 $34,557 $30,314
2002 $2,202 $8,046 $30,159 $29,089
2001 $1,715 $7,865 $28,014 $27,913
2000 $1,988 $7,535 $28,384 $26,536
1999 $1,898 $7,367 $28,858 $24,494
1998 $2,429 $7,521 $28,396 $23,689
1997 $2,068 $7,422 $26,910 $23,071
1996 $1,963 $7,048 $24,503 $21,947
1995 $1,610 $7,000 $23,253 $20,595
1994 $1,434 $6,973 $19,709 $19,605
1993 $1,022 $6,650 $18,389 $18,336
1992 $969 $6,992 $20,487 $17,349
1991 $1,080 $6,852 $19,901 $16,791
1990 $942 $6,493 $19,095 $16,505
1989 $1,329 - $16,239 -
1988 $2,886 - $15,987 -
1987 $2,469 - $13,119 -
1986 $2,271 - $10,611 -
1985 $2,256 - $8,652 -
1984 $2,261 - $8,179 -
1983 $2,333 - $8,692 -
1982 $2,430 - $9,146 -
1981 $2,368 - $9,599 -
1980 $2,118 - $10,032 -
1979 $2,072 - $7,805 -
1978 $1,928 - $5,977 -
1977 $1,666 - $4,681 -
1976 $1,302 - $4,138 -
1975 $1,190 - $4,300 -
1974 $1,041 - $3,666 -
1973 $858 - $3,426 -
1972 $785 - $3,030 -
1971 $768 - $2,650 -
1970 $724 - $2,348 -
1969 $708 - $2,101 -
1968 $681 - $1,952 -
1967 $644 - $2,059 -
1966 $575 - $1,987 -
1965 $482 - $1,874 -
1964 $435 - $1,748 -
1963 $424 - $1,613 -
1962 $409 - $1,526 -
1961 $395 - $1,472 -
1960 $378 - $1,398 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

Suriname's GDP per capita is $6,962, ranking 102/197, compared to $53,246 in the United Kingdom, ranking 22/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Suriname ranks 89th at $21,801, while the United Kingdom ranks 32nd at $62,009.

Economic indicators

Suriname United Kingdom
Gross domestic product
$4.42B
2024
$3.69T
2024
GDP rank
164/197
2024
6/197
2024
GDP growth
1.72%
2023-2024
1.13%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,962
2024
$53,246
2024
GDP per capita rank
102/197
2024
22/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$21,801
2024
$62,009
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
89/197
2024
32/197
2024
Government debt
$3.86B
2024
$3.73T
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
87.3%
2024
101.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,077
2024
$53,900
2024
Government debt per person rank
74/185
2024
7/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,263
2026
$39,230
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$3.1T
2022
Number of millionaires n/a
2,624,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
55
2025
Income share by richest 10%
30.1%
2022
24.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
2.2%
2022
3%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
29.2%
2024
44%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
16.2%
2023-2024
3.27%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
10%
2013
3.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.92%
2016
4.36%
2024
Population
646767
70154914

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Suriname
Spending

Debt
United Kingdom
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Suriname United Kingdom
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 29.2% 87.3% 44% 101.2%
2023 29% 98.2% 44.8% 100.4%
2022 29.5% 116.9% 44.1% 99.6%
2021 32% 115.8% 45.8% 105.1%
2020 30.2% 146.4% 50% 105.8%
2019 40.5% 84% 38.8% 85.7%
2018 29.5% 68.6% 38.9% 86.3%
2017 28.7% 73% 39.2% 86.7%
2016 27.9% 75.4% 39.6% 87.8%
2015 29.9% 41.2% 40.4% 87.9%
2014 25.2% 25.2% 41.2% 87.1%
2013 26.2% 27.9% 41.8% 85.3%
2012 25.1% 20.1% 43.6% 84.5%
2011 21% 18.7% 43.5% 81.4%
2010 21% 17.3% 44.7% 75.9%
2009 24% 14.6% 44.6% 64.9%
2008 20.5% 14.8% 41% 50.8%
2007 22.6% 16.4% 38.7% 43.2%
2006 22.2% 22.5% 38.4% 42.1%
2005 22.2% 27.1% 38.4% 41%
2004 20.8% 29.4% 38% 39.8%
2003 19.2% 31.5% 37.2% 36.8%
2002 22.2% 37.4% 35.9% 35.4%
2001 21.8% 37.2% 34.7% 35%
2000 24.4% 48.4% 33.9% 37.7%
1999 19.6% 32.3% 33.9% 40.4%
1998 30.3% 21.6% 34.5% 42%
1997 21.1% 16.8% 34.9% 44.1%
1996 21.4% 11.8% 35.7% 43.7%
1995 20.2% 16.3% 37.6% 43.7%
1994 19.8% 30.5% 37.5% 40.7%
1993 21.2% 51.1% 37.8% 38%
1992 24.4% 64.4% 37.8% 33.2%
1991 26.6% 75.7% 35.9% 28.5%
1990 22.7% 72.9% 35% 28.5%
1989 - - 39.7% 31.4%
1988 - - 40.3% 36.6%
1987 - - 42.7% 41.8%
1986 - - 44.6% 42.9%
1985 - - 48.7% 42.9%
1984 - - 50.3% 44.1%
1983 - - 50.4% 44.2%
1982 - - 50.8% 44.7%
1981 - - 51.2% 41.1%
1980 - - 47.6% 43.7%
1979 - - 45.1% 44.5%
1978 - - 46.2% 47.3%
1977 - - 46.8% 53.7%
1976 - - 49.2% 47.7%
1975 - - 49.1% 49.6%
1974 - - 47.8% 56.2%
1973 - - 43.5% 58.5%
1972 - - 42.3% 65%
1971 - - 41.2% 67.9%
1970 - - 42% 73.4%
1969 - - 39.2% 82.8%
1968 - - 40.3% 88.5%
1967 - - 40.1% 89.1%
1966 - - 35.7% 91.9%
1965 - - 34.6% 94.6%
1964 - - 32.8% 101.1%
1963 - - 37.4% 108.6%
1962 - - 33.8% 110.5%
1961 - - 31.5% 113.8%
1960 - - 33.1% 117.9%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Suriname's government spending was $1.29B, accounting for 29.2% of its GDP, while the United Kingdom spent $1.62T, or 44% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 87.3% in Suriname and 101.2% in the United Kingdom, ranking 37/185 and 22/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Suriname

United Kingdom
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Suriname United Kingdom
2024 -2.42% -5.75%
2023 -1.68% -6.05%
2022 -2.69% -4.56%
2021 -5.66% -7.72%
2020 -12% -13.2%
2019 -20.2% -2.47%
2018 -8.56% -2.27%
2017 -8.62% -2.49%
2016 -10.2% -3.31%
2015 -8.29% -4.59%
2014 -2.65% -5.53%
2013 -2.64% -5.34%
2012 -0.38% -7.45%
2011 2.32% -7.38%
2010 -0.15% -9.22%
2009 2.03% -10.1%
2008 2.39% -5.09%
2007 5.01% -2.65%
2006 0.59% -2.76%
2005 -3.39% -3.15%
2004 -1.2% -3.16%
2003 -0.11% -3.22%
2002 -3.3% -1.96%
2001 3.49% 0.34%
2000 -7.76% 1.4%
1999 -4.92% 0.76%
1998 -6.39% -0.21%
1997 -0.32% -2.01%
1996 3.42% -3.65%
1995 1.17% -4.99%
1994 -1.89% -5.74%
1993 -4.68% -6.62%
1992 -6.45% -5.41%
1991 -9.8% -2.77%
1990 -3.04% -1.54%
1989 - 0.77%
1988 - 0.46%
1987 - -1.79%
1986 - -2.56%
1985 - -5.57%
1984 - -6.39%
1983 - -6.26%
1982 - -5.66%
1981 - -7.03%
1980 - -5.65%
1979 - -5.79%
1978 - -6.63%
1977 - -4.41%
1976 - -5.61%
1975 - -5.08%
1974 - -4.06%
1973 - -4.29%
1972 - -1.66%
1971 - 1.48%
1970 - 2.61%
1969 - 1.03%
1968 - -2.3%
1967 - -4.57%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.06%
1964 - -1.76%
1963 - -5.47%
1962 - -0.49%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.75%
1959 - -0.58%
1958 - -1.73%
1957 - -1.04%
1956 - 0.55%
1955 - -0.39%
1954 - -1.65%
1953 - -2.84%
1952 - -1.26%
1951 - 2.03%
1950 - 0.34%
1949 - 3.01%
1948 - -0.39%
1947 - -15.8%
1946 - -22.5%
1945 - -30.9%
1944 - -29.7%
1943 - -33.3%
1942 - -31.6%
1941 - -32%
1940 - -12.1%
1939 - -2.99%
1938 - 0%
1937 - 0.82%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 0.37%
1934 - 0.48%
1933 - 0.99%
1932 - -0.15%
1931 - 0.8%
1930 - 1.01%
1929 - 0.75%
1928 - 1.75%
1927 - 1.62%
1926 - 0.6%
1925 - 0.84%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - 2.23%
1922 - 2.45%
1921 - 1.15%
1920 - 4.2%
1919 - -6.28%
1918 - -34.4%
1917 - -48.8%
1916 - -50.6%
1915 - -30%
1914 - -14.6%
1913 - 0.25%
1912 - 0.22%
1911 - 0.51%
1910 - 1.75%
1909 - -1.25%
1908 - 0.34%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.58%
1905 - 0.36%
1904 - 0.2%
1903 - -0.22%
1902 - -1.77%
1901 - -2.74%
1900 - -2.96%
1899 - -0.79%
1898 - 0.01%
1897 - 0.25%
1896 - 0.17%
1895 - 0.3%
1894 - 0.06%
1893 - -0.007%
1892 - 0.14%
1891 - 0.19%
1890 - 0.23%
1889 - 0.3%
1888 - 0.27%
1887 - 0.25%
1886 - 0.07%
1885 - -0.21%
1884 - -0.04%
1883 - 0.06%
1882 - 0.02%
1881 - 0.06%
1880 - 0.1%
1879 - -0.86%
1878 - -0.18%
1877 - -0.18%
1876 - 0.09%
1875 - 0%
1874 - 0.09%
1873 - 0%
1872 - 0.55%
1871 - 0.29%
1870 - 0%
1869 - 0.77%
1868 - -0.45%
1867 - -0.45%
1866 - 0.11%
1865 - 0%
1864 - 0.24%
1863 - 0%
1862 - -0.13%
1861 - -0.4%
1860 - -0.43%
1859 - 0%
1858 - -0.15%
1857 - -0.15%
1856 - -0.6%
1855 - -3.57%
1854 - -3.39%
1853 - 0.5%
1852 - 0.35%
1851 - 0.35%
1850 - 0.37%
1849 - 0.34%
1848 - -0.17%
1847 - -6.13%
1846 - 0.52%
1845 - 0.56%
1844 - 0.59%
1843 - 0.44%
1842 - -0.87%
1841 - -0.42%
1840 - -0.2%
1839 - -0.18%
1838 - -0.19%
1837 - -0.21%
1836 - 0.59%
1835 - 0.42%
1834 - 0.23%
1833 - 0.24%
1832 - 0%
1831 - 0%
1830 - 0.45%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

In 2024, Suriname's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $107M, equivalent to 2.42% of GDP. This compares to the United Kingdom's deficit of $212B, or 5.75% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Suriname recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 of those years, while the United Kingdom ran a deficit in 32 years. On average, Suriname posted an annual deficit equal to 3.4% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.28% of GDP for the United Kingdom.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Suriname

United Kingdom
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Suriname United Kingdom
2024 16.2% 3.27%
2023 51.6% 6.79%
2022 52.4% 7.92%
2021 59.1% 2.52%
2020 34.9% 0.99%
2019 - 1.74%
2018 - 2.29%
2017 22% 2.56%
2016 55.4% 1.01%
2015 6.89% 0.37%
2014 3.38% 1.45%
2013 1.92% 2.29%
2012 5.01% 2.57%
2011 17.7% 3.86%
2010 6.94% 2.49%
2009 -0.13% 1.96%
2008 14.7% 3.52%
2007 6.43% 2.39%
2006 11.3% 2.46%
2005 9.9% 2.09%
2004 9.99% 1.39%
2003 23% 1.38%
2002 15.5% 1.52%
2001 38.6% 1.53%
2000 59.4% 1.18%
1999 98.8% 1.75%
1998 19% 1.82%
1997 7.15% 2.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Suriname has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 24.9%, compared with 2.4% in the United Kingdom. In 2024, inflation was 16.2% in Suriname and 3.27% in the United Kingdom.

Top exports between countries

Suriname
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $3.92M
Machinery & equipment $2.57M
Metals $297K
Animal & marine products $249K
Textiles & consumer goods $151K
Raw agricultural goods $140K
Wood & paper products $69K
Chemicals & pharma $62K
Raw materials & minerals $24K
Miscellaneous $5K
United Kingdom
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $5.3M
Chemicals & pharma $1.7M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.39M
Animal & marine products $664K
Raw agricultural goods $156K
Textiles & consumer goods $148K
Metals $130K
Raw materials & minerals $120K
Miscellaneous $112K
Wood & paper products $55K

Balance of trade

Suriname United Kingdom
Current account balance
$9.31M
2024
-$80.6B
2024
Current account balance ranking
76/190
2024
189/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.21%
2024
-2.19%
2024
Goods imports
$1.65B
2024
$763B
2024
Goods exports
$2.58B
2024
$494B
2024
Service imports
$921M
2024
$411B
2024
Service exports
$211M
2024
$648B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
38.4%
2010
31.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
52.5%
2010
31%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Suriname United Kingdom
Economic freedom 53 70.4
Economic freedom ranking 143/197 35/197
Property rights 40.5 93.6
Government integrity 41 83
Judicial effectiveness 46.5 83.1
Tax burden 69.1 61.7
Government spending 74.3 41.1
Fiscal health 76.6 32.4
Business freedom 56.9 83.6
Labor freedom 69 61.2
Monetary freedom 56.4 71.9
Trade freedom 65.2 82.8
Investment freedom 20 70
Financial freedom 20 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Suriname
United Kingdom
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Suriname United Kingdom
2026 53 70.4
2025 50.9 69.3
2024 46.7 68.6
2023 46.1 69.9
2022 48.1 72.7
2021 46.4 78.4
2020 49.5 79.3
2019 48.1 78.9
2018 48.1 78
2017 48 76.4
2016 53.8 76.4
2015 54.2 75.8
2014 54.2 74.9
2013 52 74.8
2012 52.6 74.1
2011 53.1 74.5
2010 52.5 76.5
2009 54.1 79
2008 54.3 79.4
2007 54.8 79.9
2006 55.1 80.4
2005 51.9 79.2
2004 47.9 77.7
2003 46.9 77.5
2002 48 78.5
2001 44.3 77.6
2000 45.8 77.3
1999 40.1 76.2
1998 39.9 76.5
1997 35.9 76.4
1996 36.7 76.4
1995 - 77.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Suriname is 53, ranking 143/197, compared to 70.4 for the United Kingdom, ranking 35/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Suriname United Kingdom
Services, % of GDP
50.8%
2024
72.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
35.1%
2024
17.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
6.77%
2024
0.64%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$3.61B
2024
$3.42T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$20,000
2024
$61,460
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.63B
2024
$175B
2024
Total reserves ranking
132/177
2024
19/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$26.5M
2024
$42.8B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$37.6M
2024
-$13B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$11.1M
2024
-$72.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
20.5%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
70%
2020
18.6%
2017
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
36.2%
2010
19.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/united-kingdom | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1830–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.