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Economy of Suriname vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Suriname has a GDP of $4.42B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 164/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Suriname has $3.86B in government debt (87.3% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Suriname vs Sweden GDP by year

Suriname
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Suriname Sweden
2024 $4,416,775,112 $603,715,224,266
2023 $3,472,693,412 $578,990,915,246
2022 $3,791,603,200 $575,071,237,641
2021 $3,107,923,198 $631,693,331,301
2020 $2,911,807,496 $544,265,668,452
2019 $4,016,040,575 $530,894,124,494
2018 $3,996,198,867 $549,649,344,043
2017 $3,591,679,431 $535,172,356,785
2016 $3,317,421,648 $513,058,312,951
2015 $5,126,237,646 $501,602,351,912
2014 $5,240,606,061 $577,727,767,304
2013 $5,145,757,576 $584,125,353,119
2012 $4,980,000,000 $549,739,674,655
2011 $4,422,276,622 $570,538,581,144
2010 $4,368,370,998 $492,750,897,239
2009 $3,875,409,836 $434,311,714,442
2008 $3,532,969,035 $514,614,100,833
2007 $2,936,612,022 $490,047,789,548
2006 $2,626,380,435 $422,528,394,459
2005 $1,793,410,397 $391,688,455,929
2004 $1,484,092,538 $384,545,442,175
2003 $1,274,190,311 $334,072,443,516
2002 $1,093,574,468 $267,371,907,447
2001 $834,279,358 $242,497,797,485
2000 $947,671,970 $262,903,560,280
1999 $886,290,698 $274,318,357,862
1998 $1,110,850,000 $270,887,306,759
1997 $926,422,500 $268,249,616,891
1996 $861,372,806 $291,949,597,375
1995 $691,590,498 $267,050,453,507
1994 $605,492,537 $228,699,066,874
1993 $428,764,706 $212,644,602,616
1992 $404,600,000 $283,908,914,454
1991 $448,100,000 $273,831,464,572
1990 $388,400,000 $261,466,577,009
1989 $542,600,000 $217,632,340,195
1988 $1,161,000,000 $206,686,590,776
1987 $980,000,000 $182,744,315,974
1986 $891,000,000 $150,279,869,729
1985 $873,000,000 $113,958,084,357
1984 $864,000,000 $109,043,045,407
1983 $883,500,000 $104,862,109,663
1982 $915,000,000 $114,214,731,799
1981 $889,000,000 $129,498,921,476
1980 $795,000,000 $141,886,067,004
1979 $782,500,000 $123,207,527,699
1978 $735,500,000 $104,290,933,496
1977 $641,500,000 $94,331,782,622
1976 $505,500,000 $89,232,517,046
1975 $465,500,000 $82,765,232,648
1974 $409,850,000 $65,917,634,590
1973 $339,450,000 $59,318,842,992
1972 $311,950,000 $48,883,173,400
1971 $301,000,000 $41,506,151,115
1970 $274,900,000 $38,037,226,668
1969 $259,650,000 $33,967,301,561
1968 $241,350,000 $31,277,871,669
1967 $220,700,000 $29,474,881,506
1966 $190,350,000 $27,154,716,721
1965 $154,150,000 $24,963,947,415
1964 $134,400,000 $22,685,490,195
1963 $125,950,000 $20,342,131,882
1962 $116,150,000 $18,794,066,990
1961 $107,700,000 $17,329,620,585
1960 $99,650,000 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Suriname vs Sweden by year

Suriname
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Suriname Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $6,962 $21,801 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $5,522 $21,110 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $6,084 $20,079 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $5,030 $18,458 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $4,755 $16,947 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $6,630 $19,772 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $6,666 $17,855 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $6,050 $17,568 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $5,644 $14,475 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $8,814 $16,544 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $9,108 $16,598 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $9,043 $16,173 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $8,851 $15,185 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $7,950 $13,926 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $7,944 $13,039 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $7,130 $12,393 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $6,576 $12,097 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $5,530 $11,530 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $5,003 $10,803 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $3,453 $10,014 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $2,888 $9,389 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $2,516 $8,552 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $2,202 $8,046 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $1,715 $7,865 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $1,988 $7,535 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $1,898 $7,367 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $2,429 $7,521 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $2,068 $7,422 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $1,963 $7,048 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $1,610 $7,000 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $1,434 $6,973 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $1,022 $6,650 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $969 $6,992 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $1,080 $6,852 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $942 $6,493 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $1,329 - $25,625 -
1988 $2,886 - $24,499 -
1987 $2,469 - $21,761 -
1986 $2,271 - $17,955 -
1985 $2,256 - $13,647 -
1984 $2,261 - $13,080 -
1983 $2,333 - $12,590 -
1982 $2,430 - $13,719 -
1981 $2,368 - $15,564 -
1980 $2,118 - $17,073 -
1979 $2,072 - $14,856 -
1978 $1,928 - $12,602 -
1977 $1,666 - $11,432 -
1976 $1,302 - $10,853 -
1975 $1,190 - $10,103 -
1974 $1,041 - $8,078 -
1973 $858 - $7,291 -
1972 $785 - $6,018 -
1971 $768 - $5,125 -
1970 $724 - $4,729 -
1969 $708 - $4,263 -
1968 $681 - $3,953 -
1967 $644 - $3,746 -
1966 $575 - $3,478 -
1965 $482 - $3,228 -
1964 $435 - $2,961 -
1963 $424 - $2,675 -
1962 $409 - $2,485 -
1961 $395 - $2,304 -
1960 $378 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

Suriname's GDP per capita is $6,962, ranking 102/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Suriname ranks 89th at $21,801, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Suriname Sweden
Gross domestic product
$4.42B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
164/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
1.72%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,962
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
102/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$21,801
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
89/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$3.86B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
87.3%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$6,077
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
74/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,263
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
30.1%
2022
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.2%
2022
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
29.2%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
16.2%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
10%
2013
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.92%
2016
8.31%
2024
Population
646767
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Suriname
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Suriname Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 29.2% 87.3% 49.3% 33%
2023 29% 98.2% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 29.5% 116.9% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 32% 115.8% 49.3% 37%
2020 30.2% 146.4% 52% 40.2%
2019 40.5% 84% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 29.5% 68.6% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 28.7% 73% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 27.9% 75.4% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 29.9% 41.2% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 25.2% 25.2% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 26.2% 27.9% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 25.1% 20.1% 50.2% 38%
2011 21% 18.7% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 21% 17.3% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 24% 14.6% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 20.5% 14.8% 49.4% 38%
2007 22.6% 16.4% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 22.2% 22.5% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 22.2% 27.1% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 20.8% 29.4% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 19.2% 31.5% 53% 49.4%
2002 22.2% 37.4% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 21.8% 37.2% 51.7% 52%
2000 24.4% 48.4% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 19.6% 32.3% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 30.3% 21.6% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 21.1% 16.8% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 21.4% 11.8% 60% 68.9%
1995 20.2% 16.3% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 19.8% 30.5% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 21.2% 51.1% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 24.4% 64.4% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 26.6% 75.7% 61.2% 40.2%
1990 22.7% 72.9% 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Suriname's government spending was $1.29B, accounting for 29.2% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 87.3% in Suriname and 33% in Sweden, ranking 37/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Suriname

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Suriname Sweden
2024 -2.42% -1.72%
2023 -1.68% -0.63%
2022 -2.69% 1%
2021 -5.66% -0.15%
2020 -12% -3.18%
2019 -20.2% 0.44%
2018 -8.56% 0.67%
2017 -8.62% 1.29%
2016 -10.2% 0.86%
2015 -8.29% -0.27%
2014 -2.65% -1.84%
2013 -2.64% -1.63%
2012 -0.38% -1.19%
2011 2.32% -0.41%
2010 -0.15% -0.14%
2009 2.03% -0.89%
2008 2.39% 1.87%
2007 5.01% 3.37%
2006 0.59% 2.2%
2005 -3.39% 2.08%
2004 -1.2% 0.17%
2003 -0.11% -1.25%
2002 -3.3% -1.46%
2001 3.49% 1.37%
2000 -7.76% 3.11%
1999 -4.92% 0.6%
1998 -6.39% 0.82%
1997 -0.32% -1.57%
1996 3.42% -3.11%
1995 1.17% -7.01%
1994 -1.89% -8.77%
1993 -4.68% -10.9%
1992 -6.45% -8.51%
1991 -9.8% 0.28%
1990 -3.04% 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Suriname's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $107M, equivalent to 2.42% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Suriname recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, Suriname posted an annual deficit equal to 3.4% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.88% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Suriname

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Suriname Sweden
2024 16.2% 2.84%
2023 51.6% 8.55%
2022 52.4% 8.37%
2021 59.1% 2.16%
2020 34.9% 0.5%
2019 - 1.78%
2018 - 1.95%
2017 22% 1.79%
2016 55.4% 0.98%
2015 6.89% -0.05%
2014 3.38% -0.18%
2013 1.92% -0.04%
2012 5.01% 0.89%
2011 17.7% 2.96%
2010 6.94% 1.16%
2009 -0.13% -0.49%
2008 14.7% 3.44%
2007 6.43% 2.21%
2006 11.3% 1.36%
2005 9.9% 0.45%
2004 9.99% 0.37%
2003 23% 1.93%
2002 15.5% 2.16%
2001 38.6% 2.41%
2000 59.4% 0.9%
1999 98.8% 0.46%
1998 19% -0.27%
1997 7.15% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Suriname has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 24.9%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 16.2% in Suriname and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Suriname
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $807K
Raw agricultural goods $30K
Metals $13K
Machinery & equipment $4K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $4.71M
Raw materials & minerals $3.22M
Metals $321K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $244K
Chemicals & pharma $117K
Textiles & consumer goods $81K
Wood & paper products $42K
Miscellaneous $7K
Animal & marine products $5K

Balance of trade

Suriname Sweden
Current account balance
$9.31M
2024
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
76/190
2024
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.21%
2024
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$1.65B
2024
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$2.58B
2024
$218B
2024
Service imports
$921M
2024
$126B
2024
Service exports
$211M
2024
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
38.4%
2010
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
52.5%
2010
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Suriname Sweden
Economic freedom 53 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 143/197 14/197
Property rights 40.5 96.2
Government integrity 41 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 46.5 95.6
Tax burden 69.1 51.6
Government spending 74.3 28.4
Fiscal health 76.6 97.5
Business freedom 56.9 84.8
Labor freedom 69 65.8
Monetary freedom 56.4 78.1
Trade freedom 65.2 79.4
Investment freedom 20 85
Financial freedom 20 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Suriname
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Suriname Sweden
2026 53 77.8
2025 50.9 77.9
2024 46.7 77.5
2023 46.1 77.5
2022 48.1 77.9
2021 46.4 74.7
2020 49.5 74.9
2019 48.1 75.2
2018 48.1 76.3
2017 48 74.9
2016 53.8 72
2015 54.2 72.7
2014 54.2 73.1
2013 52 72.9
2012 52.6 71.7
2011 53.1 71.9
2010 52.5 72.4
2009 54.1 70.5
2008 54.3 70.8
2007 54.8 69.3
2006 55.1 70.9
2005 51.9 69.8
2004 47.9 70.1
2003 46.9 70
2002 48 70.8
2001 44.3 66.6
2000 45.8 65.1
1999 40.1 64.2
1998 39.9 64
1997 35.9 63.3
1996 36.7 61.8
1995 - 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Suriname is 53, ranking 143/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Suriname Sweden
Services, % of GDP
50.8%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
35.1%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
6.77%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$3.61B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$20,000
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.63B
2024
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
132/177
2024
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$26.5M
2024
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$37.6M
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$11.1M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
20.5%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
70%
2020
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
36.2%
2010
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/suriname/sweden | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.