Kazakhstan has a population of 20.6M (ranked 64/197), compared with 3.52M in Mongolia (ranked 132/197). Kazakhstan's land area is 1,042,360 sq mi versus 601,740 sq mi for Mongolia (ranked 9th vs. 18th).
By GDP, Kazakhstan ranks 50/197 ($288B) and Mongolia ranks 121/197 ($23.6B). By GDP per capita, Kazakhstan ranks 72/197 ($14,005), while Mongolia ranks 107/197 ($6,691).
Main facts and rankings
|
|
|
---|---|---|
Population |
21036432
|
3599274
|
Population rank | 65/197 | 132/197 |
GDP |
$288B
2024 |
$23.6B
2024 |
GDP rank | 50/197 | 121/197 |
GDP per capita |
$14,005
2024 |
$6,691
2024 |
GDP per capita rank | 72/197 | 107/197 |
GDP per capita, PPP |
$40,813
2024 |
$19,098
2024 |
Government debt |
$71.5B
2024 |
$10.5B
2024 |
Debt-to-GDP ratio |
25.4%
2025 |
42.6%
2025 |
Government debt per person |
$3,474
2024 |
$2,969
2024 |
Government debt per person rank | 96/185 | 101/185 |
Average annual personal income after taxes |
$7,117
2025 |
$6,196
2025 |
Land area |
1,042,360 sq mi
2025 |
601,740 sq mi
2025 |
Population density |
19.8 ppl/mi²
2024 |
5.86 ppl/mi²
2024 |
Fertility rate |
3.01
2023 |
2.7
2023 |
Median age |
30.5 years
2024 |
27.8 years
2024 |
Life expectancy |
74.7 years
2025 |
72.2 years
2025 |
Kazakhstan and Mongolia: Comparison Charts
Kazakhstan and Mongolia economies compared
Year | GDP | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1980 | - | $2,101,394,100 |
1981 | - | $2,310,099,100 |
1982 | - | $2,552,401,933 |
1983 | - | $2,725,736,633 |
1984 | - | $2,098,734,600 |
1985 | - | $2,186,505,475 |
1986 | - | $2,896,178,867 |
1987 | - | $3,020,611,600 |
1988 | - | $3,204,461,567 |
1989 | - | $3,576,966,800 |
1990 | $26,932,016,270 | $2,560,785,660 |
1991 | $24,923,076,923 | $2,379,018,326 |
1992 | $24,917,355,372 | $1,317,611,864 |
1993 | $23,409,260,880 | $768,401,634 |
1994 | $21,250,792,886 | $925,817,092 |
1995 | $20,374,302,652 | $1,452,165,005 |
1996 | $21,035,357,937 | $1,345,719,472 |
1997 | $22,165,932,063 | $1,180,934,203 |
1998 | $22,135,245,507 | $1,124,440,205 |
1999 | $16,870,817,182 | $1,057,408,589 |
2000 | $18,291,990,662 | $1,136,896,124 |
2001 | $22,152,689,180 | $1,267,997,934 |
2002 | $24,636,598,527 | $1,396,555,720 |
2003 | $30,833,692,900 | $1,595,297,356 |
2004 | $43,151,647,003 | $1,992,066,808 |
2005 | $57,123,671,734 | $2,523,471,601 |
2006 | $81,003,864,630 | $3,414,055,662 |
2007 | $104,849,915,058 | $4,234,999,704 |
2008 | $133,441,648,852 | $5,623,216,608 |
2009 | $115,308,686,941 | $4,583,850,368 |
2010 | $148,047,348,241 | $7,189,481,999 |
2011 | $192,626,464,617 | $10,409,797,378 |
2012 | $207,998,568,866 | $12,292,770,632 |
2013 | $236,634,603,409 | $12,582,122,604 |
2014 | $221,415,613,595 | $12,226,514,668 |
2015 | $184,388,404,706 | $11,619,892,591 |
2016 | $137,278,320,084 | $11,181,350,649 |
2017 | $166,805,788,827 | $11,480,847,741 |
2018 | $179,339,977,690 | $13,178,094,720 |
2019 | $181,667,184,855 | $14,206,359,018 |
2020 | $171,082,365,861 | $13,312,981,429 |
2021 | $197,112,255,361 | $15,286,441,738 |
2022 | $225,496,328,925 | $17,146,471,714 |
2023 | $261,840,101,060 | $20,325,121,394 |
2024 | $288,406,138,231 | $23,586,055,802 |
Kazakhstan and Mongolia economies compared
Year | GDP per capita | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1980 | - | $1,235 |
1981 | - | $1,325 |
1982 | - | $1,430 |
1983 | - | $1,490 |
1984 | - | $1,120 |
1985 | - | $1,138 |
1986 | - | $1,469 |
1987 | - | $1,493 |
1988 | - | $1,543 |
1989 | - | $1,684 |
1990 | $1,570 | $1,220 |
1991 | $1,442 | $1,099 |
1992 | $1,438 | $608 |
1993 | $1,355 | $355 |
1994 | $1,247 | $423 |
1995 | $1,218 | $653 |
1996 | $1,281 | $596 |
1997 | $1,382 | $515 |
1998 | $1,415 | $484 |
1999 | $1,092 | $449 |
2000 | $1,180 | $476 |
2001 | $1,422 | $524 |
2002 | $1,574 | $570 |
2003 | $1,958 | $643 |
2004 | $2,722 | $794 |
2005 | $3,577 | $995 |
2006 | $5,030 | $1,330 |
2007 | $6,449 | $1,628 |
2008 | $8,124 | $2,127 |
2009 | $6,938 | $1,703 |
2010 | $8,793 | $2,625 |
2011 | $11,287 | $3,736 |
2012 | $12,019 | $4,329 |
2013 | $13,478 | $4,340 |
2014 | $12,428 | $4,126 |
2015 | $10,196 | $3,839 |
2016 | $7,476 | $3,620 |
2017 | $8,943 | $3,646 |
2018 | $9,472 | $4,108 |
2019 | $9,457 | $4,348 |
2020 | $8,782 | $4,001 |
2021 | $9,984 | $4,518 |
2022 | $11,255 | $4,994 |
2023 | $12,879 | $5,839 |
2024 | $14,005 | $6,691 |
Kazakhstan vs. Mongolia life expectancy calculator
Year | Life expectancy, years | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1950 | 55.6 | 38.6 |
1951 | 55.9 | 39.1 |
1952 | 56.1 | 39.4 |
1953 | 56.4 | 39.8 |
1954 | 56.6 | 40.2 |
1955 | 56.8 | 40.7 |
1956 | 57.1 | 41.4 |
1957 | 57.3 | 40.4 |
1958 | 57.5 | 42.8 |
1959 | 57.7 | 43.7 |
1960 | 57.9 | 44.5 |
1961 | 58.2 | 45.4 |
1962 | 58.4 | 46.3 |
1963 | 58.6 | 47.1 |
1964 | 58.8 | 47.9 |
1965 | 59 | 48.7 |
1966 | 59.2 | 49.4 |
1967 | 59.4 | 50.1 |
1968 | 59.6 | 50.8 |
1969 | 59.8 | 51.4 |
1970 | 60 | 52 |
1971 | 60.3 | 52.6 |
1972 | 60.5 | 53.1 |
1973 | 60.7 | 53.6 |
1974 | 60.9 | 54 |
1975 | 61.1 | 54.3 |
1976 | 61.3 | 54.6 |
1977 | 61.5 | 54.8 |
1978 | 61.8 | 54.9 |
1979 | 62.1 | 55.1 |
1980 | 62.5 | 55.2 |
1981 | 63 | 55.4 |
1982 | 63.6 | 55.6 |
1983 | 64.2 | 55.9 |
1984 | 64.8 | 56.1 |
1985 | 65.4 | 56.4 |
1986 | 65.8 | 56.8 |
1987 | 66 | 57.1 |
1988 | 66 | 57.5 |
1989 | 65.9 | 58.1 |
1990 | 65.7 | 58.8 |
1991 | 65.4 | 59.8 |
1992 | 65 | 60.4 |
1993 | 64.5 | 60.8 |
1994 | 64.1 | 60.9 |
1995 | 63.7 | 60.9 |
1996 | 63.5 | 61 |
1997 | 63.3 | 61.4 |
1998 | 63.3 | 62.1 |
1999 | 63.5 | 62.8 |
2000 | 63.8 | 63.5 |
2001 | 64.1 | 63.8 |
2002 | 64.4 | 64 |
2003 | 64.8 | 64.1 |
2004 | 65 | 64.3 |
2005 | 65.4 | 64.8 |
2006 | 65.7 | 65.6 |
2007 | 66.2 | 66.5 |
2008 | 66.8 | 67.1 |
2009 | 67.5 | 67.2 |
2010 | 68.3 | 67.1 |
2011 | 69.1 | 67.2 |
2012 | 69.9 | 67.6 |
2013 | 70.7 | 68.2 |
2014 | 71.4 | 68.7 |
2015 | 72 | 69.2 |
2016 | 72.5 | 69.7 |
2017 | 73 | 70.2 |
2018 | 73.4 | 70.6 |
2019 | 73.7 | 70.7 |
2020 | 71.2 | 70 |
2021 | 70.1 | 68.6 |
2022 | 73.5 | 71.5 |
2023 | 74.4 | 71.7 |
2024 | 74.5 | 72 |
2025 | 74.7 | 72.2 |
Kazakhstan and Mongolia population clocks and comparison
Year | Population | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1960 | 9,429,981 | 977,595 |
1961 | 9,742,085 | 1,009,284 |
1962 | 10,058,928 | 1,041,444 |
1963 | 10,377,466 | 1,071,362 |
1964 | 10,690,309 | 1,100,234 |
1965 | 10,993,183 | 1,131,177 |
1966 | 11,288,989 | 1,163,754 |
1967 | 11,584,428 | 1,196,996 |
1968 | 11,879,182 | 1,229,930 |
1969 | 12,156,212 | 1,262,284 |
1970 | 12,419,057 | 1,295,272 |
1971 | 12,684,813 | 1,330,071 |
1972 | 12,951,798 | 1,366,821 |
1973 | 13,208,121 | 1,405,502 |
1974 | 13,454,570 | 1,446,050 |
1975 | 13,700,843 | 1,488,296 |
1976 | 13,998,738 | 1,531,945 |
1977 | 14,353,265 | 1,576,245 |
1978 | 14,711,497 | 1,619,468 |
1979 | 14,978,696 | 1,660,659 |
1980 | 15,152,949 | 1,701,335 |
1981 | 15,323,082 | 1,742,857 |
1982 | 15,492,595 | 1,785,364 |
1983 | 15,665,551 | 1,829,092 |
1984 | 15,844,621 | 1,874,349 |
1985 | 16,031,090 | 1,921,514 |
1986 | 16,262,702 | 1,970,965 |
1987 | 16,527,715 | 2,022,800 |
1988 | 16,781,168 | 2,076,322 |
1989 | 16,997,013 | 2,124,185 |
1990 | 17,154,054 | 2,098,710 |
1991 | 17,278,600 | 2,165,342 |
1992 | 17,332,625 | 2,167,790 |
1993 | 17,274,487 | 2,165,130 |
1994 | 17,043,771 | 2,189,395 |
1995 | 16,730,536 | 2,224,945 |
1996 | 16,416,027 | 2,259,507 |
1997 | 16,043,251 | 2,291,750 |
1998 | 15,647,785 | 2,323,809 |
1999 | 15,455,874 | 2,356,813 |
2000 | 15,501,103 | 2,388,299 |
2001 | 15,575,550 | 2,417,751 |
2002 | 15,656,677 | 2,449,027 |
2003 | 15,747,380 | 2,480,374 |
2004 | 15,850,159 | 2,508,412 |
2005 | 15,968,117 | 2,536,407 |
2006 | 16,103,716 | 2,567,168 |
2007 | 16,257,214 | 2,601,850 |
2008 | 16,426,525 | 2,643,201 |
2009 | 16,619,846 | 2,691,115 |
2010 | 16,836,810 | 2,738,622 |
2011 | 17,066,002 | 2,786,317 |
2012 | 17,306,106 | 2,839,705 |
2013 | 17,556,502 | 2,899,011 |
2014 | 17,816,285 | 2,963,113 |
2015 | 18,084,169 | 3,026,864 |
2016 | 18,363,600 | 3,088,856 |
2017 | 18,651,931 | 3,148,917 |
2018 | 18,932,727 | 3,208,189 |
2019 | 19,209,555 | 3,267,673 |
2020 | 19,482,117 | 3,327,204 |
2021 | 19,743,603 | 3,383,741 |
2022 | 20,034,609 | 3,433,748 |
2023 | 20,330,104 | 3,481,145 |
2024 | 20,592,571 | 3,524,788 |
Fertility rates in Kazakhstan and Mongolia
Year | Fertility rate | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1960 | 4.5 | 6.82 |
1961 | 4.42 | 6.96 |
1962 | 4.36 | 7.1 |
1963 | 4.26 | 7.24 |
1964 | 4.07 | 7.33 |
1965 | 3.88 | 7.38 |
1966 | 3.82 | 7.41 |
1967 | 3.77 | 7.39 |
1968 | 3.63 | 7.37 |
1969 | 3.51 | 7.34 |
1970 | 3.51 | 7.31 |
1971 | 3.53 | 7.3 |
1972 | 3.55 | 7.28 |
1973 | 3.51 | 7.24 |
1974 | 3.45 | 7.17 |
1975 | 3.4 | 7.07 |
1976 | 3.33 | 6.93 |
1977 | 3.26 | 6.79 |
1978 | 3.16 | 6.62 |
1979 | 3.14 | 6.42 |
1980 | 3.09 | 6.21 |
1981 | 3.05 | 5.98 |
1982 | 3.02 | 5.8 |
1983 | 3.07 | 5.63 |
1984 | 3.15 | 5.45 |
1985 | 3.21 | 5.26 |
1986 | 3.19 | 5.03 |
1987 | 3.12 | 4.83 |
1988 | 3 | 4.65 |
1989 | 2.87 | 4.42 |
1990 | 2.75 | 4.5 |
1991 | 2.68 | 4 |
1992 | 2.58 | 3.5 |
1993 | 2.48 | 2.5 |
1994 | 2.38 | 2.7 |
1995 | 2.25 | 2.77 |
1996 | 2.08 | 2.5 |
1997 | 1.97 | 2.4 |
1998 | 1.94 | 2.3 |
1999 | 1.9 | 2.3 |
2000 | 1.9 | 2.2 |
2001 | 1.91 | 2.2 |
2002 | 1.96 | 2.1 |
2003 | 2.08 | 2 |
2004 | 2.2 | 2 |
2005 | 2.27 | 2 |
2006 | 2.38 | 2.1 |
2007 | 2.49 | 2.3 |
2008 | 2.62 | 2.6 |
2009 | 2.58 | 2.8 |
2010 | 2.61 | 2.4 |
2011 | 2.61 | 2.6 |
2012 | 2.64 | 2.7 |
2013 | 2.67 | 3 |
2014 | 2.76 | 3.1 |
2015 | 2.76 | 3 |
2016 | 2.8 | 3 |
2017 | 2.75 | 2.8 |
2018 | 2.85 | 2.9 |
2019 | 2.89 | 3 |
2020 | 3.13 | 2.9 |
2021 | 3.32 | 2.8 |
2022 | 3.05 | 2.7 |
2023 | 3.01 | 2.7 |
Kazakhstan and Mongolia demographics compared
Year | Median age, years | |
---|---|---|
|
|
|
1960 | 23.2 | 22.8 |
1961 | 23.2 | 22.5 |
1962 | 23.3 | 22.2 |
1963 | 23.3 | 21.7 |
1964 | 23.3 | 21 |
1965 | 23.2 | 20.3 |
1966 | 23.2 | 19.6 |
1967 | 23.2 | 19 |
1968 | 23.1 | 18.4 |
1969 | 22.9 | 18 |
1970 | 22.8 | 17.7 |
1971 | 22.9 | 17.5 |
1972 | 22.9 | 17.3 |
1973 | 23.1 | 17.2 |
1974 | 23.2 | 17.2 |
1975 | 23.3 | 17.2 |
1976 | 23.3 | 17.2 |
1977 | 23.2 | 17.3 |
1978 | 23.2 | 17.4 |
1979 | 23 | 17.5 |
1980 | 22.9 | 17.7 |
1981 | 23.2 | 17.9 |
1982 | 23.5 | 18 |
1983 | 23.8 | 18.2 |
1984 | 24.1 | 18.4 |
1985 | 24.3 | 18.5 |
1986 | 24.6 | 18.6 |
1987 | 24.9 | 18.7 |
1988 | 25.2 | 18.7 |
1989 | 25.5 | 18.8 |
1990 | 25.7 | 19 |
1991 | 25.8 | 19.1 |
1992 | 25.9 | 19.3 |
1993 | 26.1 | 19.5 |
1994 | 26.3 | 19.8 |
1995 | 26.5 | 20 |
1996 | 26.7 | 20.4 |
1997 | 26.9 | 20.7 |
1998 | 27.1 | 21 |
1999 | 27.4 | 21.4 |
2000 | 27.6 | 21.8 |
2001 | 27.8 | 22.2 |
2002 | 28 | 22.6 |
2003 | 28.2 | 23 |
2004 | 28.3 | 23.4 |
2005 | 28.4 | 23.8 |
2006 | 28.4 | 24.2 |
2007 | 28.5 | 24.5 |
2008 | 28.4 | 24.8 |
2009 | 28.5 | 25.1 |
2010 | 28.6 | 25.4 |
2011 | 28.7 | 25.8 |
2012 | 28.8 | 26.1 |
2013 | 28.9 | 26.3 |
2014 | 29.1 | 26.5 |
2015 | 29.3 | 26.7 |
2016 | 29.5 | 26.9 |
2017 | 29.7 | 27 |
2018 | 29.9 | 27.1 |
2019 | 30.1 | 27.2 |
2020 | 30.2 | 27.3 |
2021 | 30.3 | 27.4 |
2022 | 30.3 | 27.6 |
2023 | 30.4 | 27.7 |
2024 | 30.5 | 27.8 |
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Kazakhstan and Mongolia.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
|
|
---|---|---|
GNI, Atlas method |
$250B
2024 |
$18.9B
2024 |
Government expenditure, % of GDP |
20.6%
2025 |
36.6%
2025 |
Education expenditure, % of GDP |
4.85%
2023 |
3.66%
2023 |
Military expenditure, % of GDP |
0.48%
2023 |
0.6%
2023 |
Armed forces personnel |
71,000
2020 |
18,000
2020 |
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-3.15%
2025 |
+0.95%
2025 |
Unemployment rate |
4.86%
2022 |
5.18%
2023 |
Services, % of GDP |
58.2%
2024 |
44.2%
2024 |
Industry, % of GDP |
31.4%
2024 |
38.1%
2024 |
Economic freedom index |
63.8
2025 |
62.6
2025 |
Income share by richest 10% |
24.8%
2021 |
24.6%
2022 |
Income share by poorest 10% |
4.3%
2021 |
3.4%
2022 |
Number of millionaires |
44,307
2024 |
n/a |
Percentage of millionaires |
0.34%
2024 |
n/a |
Number of billionaires |
6
2025 |
n/a |
Percentage of billionaires |
0.00005%
2025 |
n/a |
Listed domestic companies |
79
2024 |
n/a |
Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$62.8B
2024 |
n/a |
Total reserves including gold |
$45.8B
2024 |
$5.51B
2024 |
Personal remittances received |
$240M
2024 |
$528M
2024 |
International tourist arrivals |
2,035,000
2020 |
66,900
2020 |
International tourism as share of exports |
1.2%
2020 |
0.64%
2020 |
Banked people share |
87%
2024 |
98.3%
2024 |
Energy
|
|
|
---|---|---|
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
3,651 kg
2023 |
1,891 kg
2022 |
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$10.6
2023 |
$8.68
2022 |
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
239.9 megatons
2023 |
28.1 megatons
2023 |
CO2 emissions per capita |
11.8 tons
2023 |
8.08 tons
2023 |
Fossil fuel energy use share |
98.2%
2022 |
94.7%
2022 |
Renewable energy use share |
2%
2021 |
3%
2021 |
Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
1.68%
2023 |
1.01%
2022 |
Net energy imports use share |
-119.1%
2023 |
-226.4%
2022 |
Electric power consumption per capita |
5,146 kWh
2023 |
2,546 kWh
2022 |
Renewable electricity output share |
11%
2021 |
10.9%
2021 |
Hydroelectric share |
7.76%
2023 |
0.81%
2022 |
Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
|
|
---|---|---|
% of world population |
0.25%
2024 |
0.04%
2024 |
Annual migration change |
-7,368
2024 |
+83
2024 |
Urban population |
58.4%
2024 |
69.3%
2024 |
Male:Female ratio |
50:50
2024 |
50:50
2024 |
Average male height |
5.76 ft
2025 |
5.6 ft
2025 |
Average female height |
5.31 ft
2025 |
5.25 ft
2025 |
Quality of life index |
52.6
2025 |
47.6
2025 |
Corruption Perceptions Index |
40
2024 |
33
2024 |
Higher education index |
46
2025 |
42
2025 |
Homicides per 100K people |
2.63
2022 |
5.92
2023 |
Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
12.7
2019 |
21
2019 |
Visa free countries |
95
2025 |
77
2025 |
Adult literacy rate |
99.8%
2020 |
98.6%
2023 |
English speaking |
15.4%
2023 |
1%
2025 |
People using the Internet |
93.4%
2024 |
83%
2023 |
Health
|
|
|
---|---|---|
Government health expenditure per capita |
$421
2022 |
$448
2022 |
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$130
2022 |
$174.6
2022 |
Life expectancy |
74.7 years
2025 |
72.2 years
2025 |
Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.24%
2022 |
24.5%
2022 |
Physicians per 1,000 people |
4.03
2020 |
3.87
2021 |
Age at first childbirth |
29.5 years
2021 |
20.5 years
2025 |
Maternal mortality per 100K births |
10
2023 |
41
2023 |
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births |
9.6
2023 |
13.6
2023 |
Obesity rate |
19%
2022 |
24.8%
2022 |
Diabetes prevalence |
6.8%
2024 |
10.3%
2024 |
Air quality index |
22
2025 |
24
2025 |
Tobacco use prevalence |
22.2%
2022 |
29.5%
2022 |
Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
4.52 liters
2020 |
7.68 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
|
|
---|---|---|
% of world land |
1.81%
2025 |
1.05%
2025 |
Land area per capita |
50,618 sq mi
2024 |
170,717 sq mi
2024 |
Agricultural land area |
827,284 sq mi
2025 |
414,933 sq mi
2025 |
Forest area |
13,677 sq mi
2025 |
54,709 sq mi
2025 |
Roads length |
59,284 mi
2017 |
70,339 mi
2017 |
In-depth comparisons
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