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Population in Kazakhstan compared to Mongolia: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Kazakhstan was 20,592,571 in 2024 vs 3,524,788 people in Mongolia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Kazakhstan's population is 21,161,809 people compared to 3,620,317 in Mongolia.

Population statistics:

  • Kazakhstan's population is 5.85 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Kazakhstan is ranked the 65th most populous country in the world, while Mongolia is the 132nd.
  • The countries together account for 0.3% of the world: 0.26% for Kazakhstan vs 0.04% for Mongolia.
  • For the last 10 years, Kazakhstan has had an average growth rate of +1.46% per year vs +1.79% in Mongolia.
  • Since 2006, the population of Kazakhstan has increased from 16.1M people to 21.2M (31.4% growth), while Mongolia has grown from 2.57M to 3.62M (41% growth).

Kazakhstan vs Mongolia: population by year and forecast

Kazakhstan
Factual

Projection
Mongolia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Kazakhstan Mongolia
2100 33,848,663 5,629,299
2099 33,772,741 5,623,066
2098 33,695,479 5,615,212
2097 33,615,447 5,606,511
2096 33,523,978 5,597,140
2095 33,424,720 5,585,917
2094 33,326,027 5,574,522
2093 33,224,553 5,562,381
2092 33,128,053 5,549,290
2091 33,024,570 5,535,819
2090 32,918,505 5,521,210
2089 32,809,364 5,505,877
2088 32,697,677 5,490,024
2087 32,574,802 5,474,226
2086 32,450,913 5,458,465
2085 32,326,215 5,441,196
2084 32,198,072 5,423,740
2083 32,062,485 5,405,563
2082 31,936,199 5,387,443
2081 31,798,193 5,368,417
2080 31,659,824 5,348,645
2079 31,525,030 5,328,073
2078 31,377,560 5,306,120
2077 31,230,620 5,285,225
2076 31,082,855 5,263,067
2075 30,934,158 5,240,553
2074 30,781,840 5,217,755
2073 30,635,989 5,194,484
2072 30,488,022 5,171,399
2071 30,336,588 5,147,939
2070 30,183,464 5,123,730
2069 30,024,249 5,100,078
2068 29,872,612 5,075,923
2067 29,722,383 5,051,712
2066 29,568,138 5,026,451
2065 29,406,227 5,001,559
2064 29,245,499 4,977,095
2063 29,081,885 4,952,721
2062 28,917,277 4,928,284
2061 28,748,398 4,903,616
2060 28,577,830 4,877,808
2059 28,401,552 4,851,900
2058 28,224,769 4,825,704
2057 28,046,842 4,798,069
2056 27,852,110 4,770,106
2055 27,652,544 4,741,145
2054 27,453,980 4,710,703
2053 27,243,894 4,678,720
2052 27,031,990 4,645,641
2051 26,818,727 4,611,080
2050 26,602,802 4,575,698
2049 26,385,294 4,538,221
2048 26,155,898 4,499,652
2047 25,920,222 4,459,534
2046 25,687,222 4,418,220
2045 25,451,058 4,375,263
2044 25,215,227 4,332,061
2043 24,979,701 4,288,836
2042 24,746,212 4,244,827
2041 24,516,106 4,200,917
2040 24,281,719 4,157,409
2039 24,055,361 4,114,122
2038 23,829,916 4,071,754
2037 23,608,263 4,029,761
2036 23,382,815 3,988,994
2035 23,159,205 3,949,374
2034 22,934,543 3,910,459
2033 22,708,727 3,872,505
2032 22,478,234 3,835,471
2031 22,254,688 3,799,194
2030 22,027,730 3,762,550
2029 21,799,495 3,725,673
2028 21,566,108 3,687,959
2027 21,333,660 3,649,213
2026 21,098,089 3,609,604
2025 20,850,907 3,568,196
2024 20,592,571 3,524,788
2023 20,330,104 3,481,145
2022 20,034,609 3,433,748
2021 19,743,603 3,383,741
2020 19,482,117 3,327,204
2019 19,209,555 3,267,673
2018 18,932,727 3,208,189
2017 18,651,931 3,148,917
2016 18,363,600 3,088,856
2015 18,084,169 3,026,864
2014 17,816,285 2,963,113
2013 17,556,502 2,899,011
2012 17,306,106 2,839,705
2011 17,066,002 2,786,317
2010 16,836,810 2,738,622
2009 16,619,846 2,691,115
2008 16,426,525 2,643,201
2007 16,257,214 2,601,850
2006 16,103,716 2,567,168
2005 15,968,117 2,536,407
2004 15,850,159 2,508,412
2003 15,747,380 2,480,374
2002 15,656,677 2,449,027
2001 15,575,550 2,417,751
2000 15,501,103 2,388,299
1999 15,455,874 2,356,813
1998 15,647,785 2,323,809
1997 16,043,251 2,291,750
1996 16,416,027 2,259,507
1995 16,730,536 2,224,945
1994 17,043,771 2,189,395
1993 17,274,487 2,165,130
1992 17,332,625 2,167,790
1991 17,278,600 2,165,342
1990 17,154,054 2,098,710
1989 16,997,013 2,124,185
1988 16,781,168 2,076,322
1987 16,527,715 2,022,800
1986 16,262,702 1,970,965
1985 16,031,090 1,921,514
1984 15,844,621 1,874,349
1983 15,665,551 1,829,092
1982 15,492,595 1,785,364
1981 15,323,082 1,742,857
1980 15,152,949 1,701,335
1979 14,978,696 1,660,659
1978 14,711,497 1,619,468
1977 14,353,265 1,576,245
1976 13,998,738 1,531,945
1975 13,700,843 1,488,296
1974 13,454,570 1,446,050
1973 13,208,121 1,405,502
1972 12,951,798 1,366,821
1971 12,684,813 1,330,071
1970 12,419,057 1,295,272
1969 12,156,212 1,262,284
1968 11,879,182 1,229,930
1967 11,584,428 1,196,996
1966 11,288,989 1,163,754
1965 10,993,183 1,131,177
1964 10,690,309 1,100,234
1963 10,377,466 1,071,362
1962 10,058,928 1,041,444
1961 9,742,085 1,009,284
1960 9,429,981 977,595

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/kazakhstan/mongolia | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Kazakhstan increased by 2,259,884 people (a 14% growth), while Mongolia gained 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Kazakhstan gained 2,798,209 people (a 15.2% growth), while Mongolia's population increased by 531,461 people (a 17.2% growth).

Kazakhstan was ranked 62nd most populous country in 2006 and is 65th in 2026. Mongolia was ranked 137th in 2006 and ranked 132nd now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Kazakhstan's population will grow by 25.7% to 26,602,802 people with a rank change from 65th to 64th. The population of Mongolia will increase by 26.4% to 4,575,698 people and rank change from 132nd to 130th.

Kazakhstan is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 33.8M people compared to the peak of 5.63M people in 2100 for Mongolia.

Population growth rate by year

Kazakhstan
Factual

Projection
Mongolia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Kazakhstan Mongolia
2100 0.22% 0.11%
2099 0.23% 0.14%
2098 0.24% 0.16%
2097 0.27% 0.17%
2096 0.3% 0.2%
2095 0.3% 0.2%
2094 0.31% 0.22%
2093 0.29% 0.24%
2092 0.31% 0.24%
2091 0.32% 0.26%
2090 0.33% 0.28%
2089 0.34% 0.29%
2088 0.38% 0.29%
2087 0.38% 0.29%
2086 0.39% 0.32%
2085 0.4% 0.32%
2084 0.42% 0.34%
2083 0.4% 0.34%
2082 0.43% 0.35%
2081 0.44% 0.37%
2080 0.43% 0.39%
2079 0.47% 0.41%
2078 0.47% 0.4%
2077 0.48% 0.42%
2076 0.48% 0.43%
2075 0.49% 0.44%
2074 0.48% 0.45%
2073 0.49% 0.45%
2072 0.5% 0.46%
2071 0.51% 0.47%
2070 0.53% 0.46%
2069 0.51% 0.48%
2068 0.51% 0.48%
2067 0.52% 0.5%
2066 0.55% 0.5%
2065 0.55% 0.49%
2064 0.56% 0.49%
2063 0.57% 0.5%
2062 0.59% 0.5%
2061 0.6% 0.53%
2060 0.62% 0.53%
2059 0.63% 0.54%
2058 0.63% 0.58%
2057 0.7% 0.59%
2056 0.72% 0.61%
2055 0.72% 0.65%
2054 0.77% 0.68%
2053 0.78% 0.71%
2052 0.8% 0.75%
2051 0.81% 0.77%
2050 0.82% 0.83%
2049 0.88% 0.86%
2048 0.91% 0.9%
2047 0.91% 0.94%
2046 0.93% 0.98%
2045 0.94% 1%
2044 0.94% 1.01%
2043 0.94% 1.04%
2042 0.94% 1.05%
2041 0.97% 1.05%
2040 0.94% 1.05%
2039 0.95% 1.04%
2038 0.94% 1.04%
2037 0.96% 1.02%
2036 0.97% 1%
2035 0.98% 1%
2034 0.99% 0.98%
2033 1.03% 0.97%
2032 1% 0.95%
2031 1.03% 0.97%
2030 1.05% 0.99%
2029 1.08% 1.02%
2028 1.09% 1.06%
2027 1.12% 1.1%
2026 1.19% 1.16%
2025 1.25% 1.23%
2024 1.29% 1.25%
2023 1.47% 1.38%
2022 1.47% 1.48%
2021 1.34% 1.7%
2020 1.42% 1.82%
2019 1.46% 1.85%
2018 1.51% 1.88%
2017 1.57% 1.94%
2016 1.55% 2.05%
2015 1.5% 2.15%
2014 1.48% 2.21%
2013 1.45% 2.09%
2012 1.41% 1.92%
2011 1.36% 1.74%
2010 1.31% 1.77%
2009 1.18% 1.81%
2008 1.04% 1.59%
2007 0.95% 1.35%
2006 0.85% 1.21%
2005 0.74% 1.12%
2004 0.65% 1.13%
2003 0.58% 1.28%
2002 0.52% 1.29%
2001 0.48% 1.23%
2000 0.29% 1.34%
1999 -1.23% 1.42%
1998 -2.46% 1.4%
1997 -2.27% 1.43%
1996 -1.88% 1.55%
1995 -1.84% 1.62%
1994 -1.34% 1.12%
1993 -0.34% -0.12%
1992 0.31% 0.11%
1991 0.73% 3.17%
1990 0.92% -1.2%
1989 1.29% 2.31%
1988 1.53% 2.65%
1987 1.63% 2.63%
1986 1.44% 2.57%
1985 1.18% 2.52%
1984 1.14% 2.47%
1983 1.12% 2.45%
1982 1.11% 2.44%
1981 1.12% 2.44%
1980 1.16% 2.45%
1979 1.82% 2.54%
1978 2.5% 2.74%
1977 2.53% 2.89%
1976 2.17% 2.93%
1975 1.83% 2.92%
1974 1.87% 2.88%
1973 1.98% 2.83%
1972 2.1% 2.76%
1971 2.14% 2.69%
1970 2.16% 2.61%
1969 2.33% 2.63%
1968 2.54% 2.75%
1967 2.62% 2.86%
1966 2.69% 2.88%
1965 2.83% 2.81%
1964 3.01% 2.69%
1963 3.17% 2.87%
1962 3.25% 3.19%
1961 3.31% 3.24%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/kazakhstan/mongolia | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Kazakhstan grew by 1.29%, while Mongolia's population grew by 1.25%.

Live population counters

Kazakhstan Mongolia
Current population
21161809
3620317
Population rank 65/197 132/197
Percent of world population 0.26% 0.04%
One net population change
2 minutes
12 minutes
One birth every
1.28 minutes
7.95 minutes
One death every
3.85 minutes
27.5 minutes
Daily growth/decline +719 +120
Annual growth/decline +262,467 +43,643
Annual growth/decline rate +1.29% +1.25%
Population growth rate rank 82/197 86/197
One migration net change every
59.7 minutes
4.63 days
Annual migration change -8,834 +79
Net migration rank 130/196 74/196
Foreign-born residents 2,089,797 22,589
Foreign-born residents rank 36/195 169/195
Foreign-born share of population 10.1% 0.6%
Foreign-born share rank 66/195 171/195

Natural population change vs migration

Kazakhstan
Natural

Migration
Mongolia
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Kazakhstan Mongolia
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -8,834 - 79
2024 - -7,368 - 83
2023 273,013 -4,822 46,995 0
2022 277,019 45,755 47,730 0
2021 269,026 -9,804 52,109 0
2020 272,458 -8,716 60,888 0
2019 278,788 2,594 61,433 8,660
2018 278,917 -6,644 60,635 7,811
2017 268,066 21,248 57,940 6,831
2016 277,878 9,478 62,086 5,633
2015 273,523 -2,011 64,473 4,307
2014 274,406 -10,170 66,078 2,921
2013 259,239 -3,925 62,618 1,505
2012 249,987 -4,512 55,942 351
2011 237,883 -3,160 50,711 -505
2010 230,479 -6,840 44,914 -6,444
2009 218,036 -7,758 48,876 -15,007
2008 214,169 -37,796 45,843 -17,277
2007 188,486 -26,237 39,636 -15,220
2006 166,480 -21,728 33,609 -11,934
2005 146,619 -20,171 29,290 -8,924
2004 132,286 -22,841 28,418 -8,148
2003 112,137 -16,027 28,827 -7,986
2002 93,564 -8,272 30,439 -8,934
2001 84,279 -7,333 32,052 -10,244
2000 80,699 -8,754 32,753 -11,241
1999 79,536 -61,031 32,283 -13,481
1998 85,735 -488,075 31,757 -10,315
1997 92,778 -481,380 32,403 -9,132
1996 112,384 -469,331 33,741 -8,626
1995 140,721 -412,775 34,473 -7,346
1994 165,631 -520,028 34,711 -5,449
1993 185,649 -292,682 36,924 -5,429
1992 204,785 -214,015 42,437 -8,404
1991 221,581 -104,271 47,884 -11,427
1990 235,113 -103,336 49,443 -11,881
1989 254,394 -72,096 51,420 -9,757
1988 275,278 -25,892 51,588 2,459
1987 290,227 -32,724 51,140 1,855
1986 295,818 -23,297 50,329 354
1985 293,834 -103,115 49,944 -1,719
1984 278,485 -96,266 48,562 -2,452
1983 260,471 -84,566 46,919 -2,522
1982 246,983 -76,976 45,179 -2,132
1981 243,652 -74,624 43,588 -1,615
1980 238,977 -67,731 42,343 -1,268
1979 237,442 -60,198 41,568 -1,296
1978 225,895 131,248 40,276 1,833
1977 224,284 135,047 38,995 5,354
1976 221,992 127,735 37,670 6,577
1975 219,748 26,332 36,490 6,556
1974 217,668 28,807 35,297 6,153
1973 215,940 30,467 33,993 5,647
1972 212,319 53,914 32,727 4,999
1971 202,450 65,291 31,536 4,238
1970 191,775 72,000 30,558 3,263
1969 184,118 77,805 29,781 2,366
1968 186,254 105,890 29,017 3,535
1967 191,536 105,830 28,178 5,139
1966 191,506 101,999 27,338 5,837
1965 194,470 103,626 26,364 5,610
1964 208,899 98,761 25,317 4,599
1963 223,105 94,932 24,142 3,687
1962 228,177 90,842 22,960 9,049
1961 228,686 85,981 21,873 10,440
1960 226,027 83,525 20,726 10,334

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/kazakhstan/mongolia | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 98.7% of the population change in Kazakhstan is from natural causes (a gain of 2,743,094 people) and 1.33% is from migration (a gain of 36,908 people). In Mongolia 94.1% is from natural causes (a gain of 580,367 people) and 5.87% is from migration (a gain of 36,163 people).

As of 2024, 2,089,797 residents or 10.1% of the population were not native-born in Kazakhstan, compared to 22,589 people or 0.6% in Mongolia.

Biggest cities by population

Kazakhstan
City Population
Almaty 2.23M
Shymkent 1.19M
Nur-Sultan 1.08M
Karaganda 516K
Taraz 418K
Aktobe 388K
Semey 350K
Pavlodar 333K
Oskemen 333K
Atyrau 295K
Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/kazakhstan/mongolia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)

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