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Economy of Djibouti vs El Salvador compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Djibouti has a GDP of $4.09B compared to $35.4B for El Salvador, ranking 165/197 and 105/197 by economy size, respectively.

Djibouti has $1.36B in government debt (31.2% of GDP), compared to $31B (87.9% of GDP) in El Salvador.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Djibouti
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
El Salvador
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Djibouti El Salvador
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1965 - - $877,720,000 $8,436,981,024
1966 - - $929,520,000 $9,041,164,856
1967 - - $976,200,000 $9,532,719,324
1968 - - $1,009,760,100 $9,841,264,124
1969 - - $1,049,400,000 $10,184,273,395
1970 - - $1,132,920,000 $10,487,489,268
1971 - - $1,186,120,000 $10,892,123,610
1972 - - $1,263,720,000 $11,558,452,941
1973 - - $1,442,320,000 $12,120,387,185
1974 - - $1,665,880,000 $12,767,131,180
1975 - - $1,884,120,100 $13,140,382,331
1976 - - $2,328,280,100 $13,803,874,423
1977 - - $2,941,640,100 $14,739,785,630
1978 - - $3,127,960,000 $15,524,349,903
1979 - - $3,463,639,900 $14,875,390,870
1980 - - $3,573,959,900 $12,519,595,405
1981 - - $3,437,200,200 $11,803,350,547
1982 - - $3,399,189,100 $11,058,739,557
1983 - - $3,506,347,800 $11,228,936,354
1984 - - $3,661,683,400 $11,378,871,629
1985 $340,989,528 - $3,800,368,600 $11,448,773,885
1986 - - $3,771,663,200 $11,471,061,561
1987 $373,371,738 - $3,958,045,800 $11,758,775,195
1988 $395,794,539 - $4,189,880,000 $11,979,625,802
1989 $409,220,087 - $4,372,215,300 $12,095,116,486
1990 $452,328,087 - $4,817,542,204 $12,679,661,441
1991 $462,421,999 - $5,252,342,400 $12,869,106,686
1992 $478,058,305 - $5,813,399,300 $13,772,770,637
1993 $466,048,469 - $6,680,269,200 $14,574,113,893
1994 $491,689,221 - $7,679,384,000 $15,257,940,313
1995 $497,723,961 - $8,921,947,100 $15,980,263,628
1996 $494,004,648 - $9,586,327,800 $16,109,937,379
1997 $502,675,542 - $10,221,705,900 $16,615,462,392
1998 $514,267,869 - $10,936,669,900 $17,056,150,529
1999 $536,080,148 - $11,284,197,000 $17,424,910,258
2000 $551,230,862 - $11,784,927,700 $17,621,447,036
2001 $572,417,441 - $12,282,533,600 $17,776,447,691
2002 $591,122,040 - $12,664,190,300 $18,056,056,716
2003 $622,044,666 - $13,243,892,200 $18,338,704,970
2004 $666,072,102 - $13,724,810,900 $18,501,810,235
2005 $708,633,195 - $14,698,000,000 $18,997,812,331
2006 $768,873,684 - $15,999,890,000 $19,821,747,187
2007 $847,918,929 - $17,011,750,000 $20,187,974,225
2008 $999,105,339 - $17,986,890,000 $20,622,904,544
2009 $1,049,110,685 - $17,601,620,000 $20,188,015,255
2010 $1,128,611,700 - $18,447,920,000 $20,622,904,544
2011 $1,239,144,502 - $20,283,780,000 $21,401,127,376
2012 $1,353,632,942 - $21,386,150,000 $22,019,127,753
2013 $2,044,440,443 $2,107,658,965 $21,990,960,000 $22,499,794,814
2014 $2,220,637,966 $2,259,262,606 $22,593,470,000 $22,888,906,230
2015 $2,424,391,785 $2,424,391,785 $23,438,240,000 $23,438,240,000
2016 $2,604,955,229 $2,597,091,694 $24,191,430,000 $24,033,351,542
2017 $2,762,581,334 $2,738,843,335 $24,979,190,000 $24,573,529,737
2018 $2,913,464,658 $2,869,605,010 $26,020,850,000 $25,166,352,436
2019 $3,088,851,450 $3,028,726,927 $26,881,140,000 $25,779,775,127
2020 $3,144,136,197 $3,065,135,713 $24,921,190,000 $23,744,951,346
2021 $3,392,796,953 $3,200,221,046 $29,043,140,000 $26,571,731,219
2022 $3,562,814,909 $3,365,561,652 $31,870,120,000 $27,356,823,620
2023 $3,917,150,481 $3,613,673,263 $33,853,940,000 $28,325,024,474
2024 $4,086,402,719 $3,828,825,225 $35,364,960,000 $29,062,047,321

Economic indicators

Djibouti El Salvador
Gross domestic product
$4.09B
2024
$35.4B
2024
GDP rank
165/197
2024
105/197
2024
GDP growth
4.32%
2023-2024
4.46%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$3,496
2024
$5,580
2024
GDP per capita rank
134/197
2024
116/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,776
2024
$13,264
2024
Government debt
$1.36B
2024
$31B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
31.2%
2025
87.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,163
2024
$4,887
2024
Government debt per person rank
138/185
2024
80/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,788
2025
$4,836
2025
Income share by richest 10%
32.3%
2017
29.7%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2017
1.9%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
21.6%
2025
30.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.5%
2024-2025
0.85%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
40%
2017
2.99%
2023
Population
1196428
6386184

GDP per capita in Djibouti vs El Salvador

Djibouti's GDP per capita is $3,496, ranking 134/197, compared to $5,580 in El Salvador, ranking 116/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Djibouti ranks 143rd at $7,776, while El Salvador ranks 120th at $13,264.

Djibouti
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
El Salvador
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Djibouti El Salvador
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1965 - - $274.3 -
1966 - - $282.4 -
1967 - - $288.4 -
1968 - - $290.1 -
1969 - - $293.4 -
1970 - - $309 -
1971 - - $316 -
1972 - - $329 -
1973 - - $366 -
1974 - - $413 -
1975 - - $457 -
1976 - - $553 -
1977 - - $684 -
1978 - - $712 -
1979 - - $773 -
1980 - - $787 -
1981 - - $752 -
1982 - - $735 -
1983 - - $745 -
1984 - - $763 -
1985 $847 - $776 -
1986 $800 - $755 -
1987 $822 - $777 -
1988 $817 - $806 -
1989 $782 - $825 -
1990 $780 - $892 $2,856
1991 $733 - $956 $2,945
1992 $764 - $1,041 $3,171
1993 $759 - $1,180 $3,390
1994 $785 - $1,344 $3,591
1995 $786 - $1,548 $3,808
1996 $762 - $1,651 $3,880
1997 $748 - $1,749 $4,043
1998 $735 - $1,860 $4,171
1999 $740 - $1,908 $4,298
2000 $738 - $1,983 $4,422
2001 $742 - $2,058 $4,543
2002 $743 - $2,115 $4,672
2003 $765 - $2,208 $4,829
2004 $806 - $2,286 $4,998
2005 $844 - $2,447 $5,292
2006 $898 - $2,666 $5,695
2007 $970 - $2,831 $5,949
2008 $1,119 - $2,983 $6,175
2009 $1,151 - $2,910 $6,063
2010 $1,213 - $3,040 $6,248
2011 $1,306 - $3,331 $6,594
2012 $1,400 - $3,498 $6,708
2013 $2,076 $3,762 $3,582 $7,093
2014 $2,215 $3,978 $3,666 $7,504
2015 $2,376 $4,264 $3,790 $7,934
2016 $2,510 $4,432 $3,901 $8,456
2017 $2,619 $4,677 $4,020 $8,965
2018 $2,718 $5,083 $4,184 $9,204
2019 $2,837 $5,398 $4,320 $9,757
2020 $2,845 $5,527 $3,997 $9,393
2021 $3,026 $5,960 $4,643 $10,810
2022 $3,133 $6,621 $5,075 $11,876
2023 $3,398 $7,264 $5,365 $12,680
2024 $3,496 $7,776 $5,580 $13,264

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Djibouti's government spending was $898M, accounting for 21.6% of its GDP, while El Salvador's spent $11.1B, or 30.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 31.2% in Djibouti and 87.9% in El Salvador, ranking 158/185 and 35/185, respectively.

Djibouti
Government spending

Government debt
El Salvador
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Djibouti El Salvador
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 30.2% - 15.9% -
1991 27.7% - 18.5% 43.3%
1992 34.9% - 20.8% 36.4%
1993 35.3% - 18.5% 31.9%
1994 30.9% - 18.9% 30.5%
1995 27% 50.9% 18.6% 28%
1996 23.7% 53.1% 21% 28.5%
1997 25% 56% 18.6% 27.8%
1998 24% 55.2% 19.3% 25.7%
1999 23.5% 58.5% 19.7% 28%
2000 23.2% 58.1% 21% 29.6%
2001 21% 58.1% 21.7% 37.8%
2002 23.4% 63.7% 22.5% 43.8%
2003 25.8% 66.3% 22.6% 46%
2004 26.7% 65.3% 21.5% 46.8%
2005 26.2% 60.3% 22.4% 46.3%
2006 23.8% 58.3% 23.4% 52.6%
2007 26.6% 56.6% 22.8% 52.2%
2008 28.8% 59.3% 24.5% 54.2%
2009 31% 29.5% 26% 65.8%
2010 26.6% 27.9% 25.6% 66.8%
2011 25.3% 25.7% 25.3% 65.6%
2012 26.5% 25% 27.4% 70%
2013 26.8% 24.6% 28.5% 69.7%
2014 29% 26.9% 27.6% 71.8%
2015 42% 40.3% 27.1% 73.5%
2016 25.9% 45.9% 27.5% 75.2%
2017 23.9% 48% 28.1% 77.1%
2018 25.9% 47.5% 27.6% 77%
2019 24.9% 41.1% 27.8% 77.9%
2020 25.8% 42.1% 32.7% 95.4%
2021 23.1% 40.3% 31.1% 88%
2022 21% 38.3% 28.6% 83.3%
2023 21.5% 35.4% 30.4% 84.7%
2024 22% 33.3% 31.4% 87.6%
2025 21.6% 31.2% 30.5% 87.9%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Djibouti's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$184M, equivalent to -4.51% of GDP. This compares to El Salvador's deficit of -$1.61B, or -4.55% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Djibouti recorded a fiscal deficit in 33 of those years, while El Salvador ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Djibouti posted an annual deficit equal to -3.23% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.52% of GDP for El Salvador.

Deficit/surplus
Djibouti

El Salvador
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Djibouti El Salvador
1990 -3.25% -0.61%
1991 -0.86% -2.3%
1992 -6.13% -4.29%
1993 -7.1% -1.42%
1994 -4.97% -0.94%
1995 -5.13% -0.18%
1996 -1.77% -2.7%
1997 -2.86% -1.97%
1998 -3.59% -2.94%
1999 -5.2% -3.08%
2000 -3.97% -3.45%
2001 -3.61% -4.95%
2002 -4.56% -5.5%
2003 -4.13% -4.23%
2004 -3.67% -2.76%
2005 -1.18% -3.47%
2006 0.26% -3.42%
2007 -1.88% -2.32%
2008 0.62% -3.8%
2009 -3.88% -6.65%
2010 -1.04% -4.97%
2011 -1.18% -4.47%
2012 -2.04% -3.81%
2013 -0.34% -4.46%
2014 -6.92% -4.02%
2015 -15.5% -3.63%
2016 -0.76% -3.1%
2017 -0.21% -2.53%
2018 -1.98% -2.71%
2019 -0.98% -3.07%
2020 -2.58% -8.18%
2021 -3.05% -5.53%
2022 -1.48% -2.67%
2023 -3.46% -4.66%
2024 -4.51% -4.55%
2025 -3.05% -3.38%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Djibouti has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.59%, compared with 2.76% in El Salvador. In 2024, inflation was 1.5% in Djibouti and 0.85% in El Salvador.

Inflation
Djibouti

El Salvador
Year Inflation
Djibouti El Salvador Djibouti El Salvador
1996 3.5% 9.79%
1997 2.5% 4.49%
1998 2.2% 2.55%
1999 -0.4% 0.51%
2000 1.2% 2.27%
2001 1.9% 3.75%
2002 1.4% 1.87%
2003 1.6% 2.12%
2004 2.4% 4.45%
2005 3.3% 4.69%
2006 3.5% 4.04%
2007 5.9% 4.58%
2008 8.7% 6.71%
2009 5.6% 1.06%
2010 2.5% 1.18%
2011 5.2% 5.13%
2012 4.2% 1.73%
2013 1.1% 0.76%
2014 1.3% 1.14%
2015 -0.5% -0.73%
2016 2.4% 0.6%
2017 0.6% 1.01%
2018 0.1% 1.09%
2019 3.3% 0.08%
2020 1.8% -0.37%
2021 1.2% 3.47%
2022 5.2% 7.2%
2023 1.4% 4.05%
2024 2.1% 0.85%
2025 1.5% -

Top exports between countries

Djibouti
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $112K
El Salvador
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $13K

Balance of trade

Djibouti El Salvador
Current account balance
$610M
2024
-$633M
2024
Current account balance ranking
57/189
2024
108/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+14.9%
2024
-1.79%
2024
Goods imports
$4.04B
2024
$15.1B
2024
Goods exports
$4.08B
2024
$5.59B
2024
Service imports
$730M
2024
$3.26B
2024
Service exports
$1.17B
2024
$6B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
148.3%
2024
51.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
160.8%
2024
32.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Djibouti El Salvador
Economic freedom 55.7 56.6
Economic freedom ranking 126/197 117/197
Property rights 30.6 43.2
Government integrity 27.7 30.9
Judicial effectiveness 27.7 14.6
Tax burden 83.5 78.2
Government spending 86.2 72.2
Fiscal health 86.6 56.1
Business freedom 53.7 62.7
Labor freedom 52.8 54.9
Monetary freedom 70.3 66.2
Trade freedom 49.8 70.4
Investment freedom 50 70
Financial freedom 50 60

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Djibouti is 55.7, ranking 126/197, compared to 56.6 for El Salvador, ranking 117/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Djibouti
El Salvador
Year Economic freedom index
Djibouti El Salvador
1995 - 69.1
1996 - 70.1
1997 54.5 70.5
1998 55.9 70.2
1999 57.1 75.1
2000 55.1 76.3
2001 58.3 73
2002 57.8 73
2003 55.7 71.5
2004 55.6 71.2
2005 55.2 71.5
2006 53.2 69.6
2007 52.4 68.9
2008 51.2 68.5
2009 51.3 69.8
2010 51 69.9
2011 54.5 68.8
2012 53.9 68.7
2013 53.9 66.7
2014 55.9 66.2
2015 57.5 65.7
2016 56 65.1
2017 46.7 64.1
2018 45.1 63.2
2019 47.1 61.8
2020 52.9 61.6
2021 56.2 61
2022 55.3 59.6
2023 56.1 56
2024 55.8 54.4
2025 55.7 56.6

More economic indicators

Djibouti El Salvador
Services, % of GDP
75.5%
2024
61%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
15.4%
2024
22.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
2.58%
2024
4.38%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$4.14B
2024
$32.5B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$7,850
2024
$12,420
2024
Total reserves including gold
$349M
2024
$3.7B
2024
Total reserves ranking
165/177
2024
110/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$67.8M
2024
-$636M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$67.8M
2024
$924M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
n/a
$288M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.52%
2023
29%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
23%
2020
27.2%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
-3.78%
2024
20.3%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.