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Economy of El Salvador vs Italy compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

El Salvador has a GDP of $36.7B compared to $2.55T for Italy, ranking 108/197 and 9/197 by economy size, respectively.

El Salvador has $32B in government debt (87.2% of GDP), compared to $3.5T (137.1% of GDP) in Italy.

El Salvador vs Italy GDP by year

El Salvador
Italy
1x
Year GDP, current $
El Salvador Italy
2025 $36,708,110,000 $2,551,556,954,100
2024 $34,879,730,000 $2,383,435,562,458
2023 $33,565,430,000 $2,316,882,296,366
2022 $31,870,110,000 $2,104,067,630,319
2021 $29,043,140,000 $2,179,207,773,596
2020 $24,921,190,000 $1,907,481,094,079
2019 $26,881,140,000 $2,019,606,796,584
2018 $26,020,850,000 $2,099,435,266,459
2017 $24,979,190,000 $1,970,720,904,585
2016 $24,191,430,000 $1,887,111,188,177
2015 $23,438,240,000 $1,845,428,048,839
2014 $22,593,470,000 $2,173,255,507,986
2013 $21,990,960,000 $2,153,225,581,941
2012 $21,386,150,000 $2,097,929,495,122
2011 $20,283,780,000 $2,306,974,020,278
2010 $18,447,920,000 $2,144,936,254,535
2009 $17,601,620,000 $2,209,484,319,013
2008 $17,986,890,000 $2,417,508,414,187
2007 $17,011,750,000 $2,222,524,108,128
2006 $15,999,890,000 $1,958,563,654,386
2005 $14,698,000,000 $1,864,982,261,287
2004 $13,724,810,900 $1,812,808,753,295
2003 $13,243,892,200 $1,582,930,016,539
2002 $12,664,190,300 $1,281,746,271,196
2001 $12,282,533,600 $1,172,041,488,806
2000 $11,784,927,700 $1,149,661,363,439
1999 $11,284,197,000 $1,255,004,736,464
1998 $10,936,669,900 $1,272,729,786,997
1997 $10,221,705,900 $1,244,988,176,444
1996 $9,586,327,800 $1,314,776,508,972
1995 $8,921,947,100 $1,177,369,428,266
1994 $7,679,384,000 $1,101,750,159,702
1993 $6,680,269,200 $1,067,412,587,671
1992 $5,813,399,300 $1,323,204,350,354
1991 $5,252,342,400 $1,249,092,439,519
1990 $4,817,542,204 $1,183,945,130,899
1989 $4,372,215,300 $930,801,709,004
1988 $4,189,880,000 $893,663,934,841
1987 $3,958,045,800 $807,570,134,449
1986 $3,771,663,200 $641,862,313,287
1985 $3,800,368,600 $453,259,761,687
1984 $3,661,683,400 $438,896,930,791
1983 $3,506,347,800 $444,063,496,940
1982 $3,399,189,100 $428,257,421,618
1981 $3,437,200,200 $431,695,533,981
1980 $3,573,959,900 $478,356,755,596
1979 $3,463,639,900 $394,584,507,108
1978 $3,127,960,000 $315,784,469,541
1977 $2,941,640,100 $258,190,019,750
1976 $2,328,280,100 $225,235,205,862
1975 $1,884,120,100 $228,220,643,535
1974 $1,665,880,000 $200,024,444,775
1973 $1,442,320,000 $175,896,529,392
1972 $1,263,720,000 $145,594,833,997
1971 $1,186,120,000 $124,959,712,859
1970 $1,132,920,000 $113,656,669,765
1969 $1,049,400,000 $100,996,667,239
1968 $1,009,760,100 $91,485,448,148
1967 $976,200,000 $84,401,995,573
1966 $929,520,000 $76,622,444,787
1965 $877,720,000 $70,717,012,186
1964 - $65,720,771,779
1963 - $60,035,924,618
1962 - $52,413,872,628
1961 - $46,649,487,320
1960 - $42,012,422,612

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

GDP per capita in El Salvador vs Italy by year

El Salvador
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Italy
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
El Salvador Italy
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $5,767 - $43,309 -
2024 $5,503 $13,264 $40,430 $62,014
2023 $5,320 $12,680 $39,280 $60,030
2022 $5,075 $11,876 $35,654 $57,261
2021 $4,643 $10,810 $36,853 $49,825
2020 $3,997 $9,393 $32,091 $44,436
2019 $4,320 $9,757 $33,813 $46,662
2018 $4,184 $9,204 $35,062 $43,387
2017 $4,020 $8,965 $32,844 $42,142
2016 $3,901 $8,456 $31,392 $40,483
2015 $3,790 $7,934 $30,640 $37,384
2014 $3,666 $7,504 $36,028 $36,666
2013 $3,582 $7,093 $35,702 $36,459
2012 $3,498 $6,708 $34,854 $36,281
2011 $3,331 $6,594 $38,432 $36,392
2010 $3,040 $6,248 $35,857 $34,974
2009 $2,910 $6,063 $37,100 $34,502
2008 $2,983 $6,175 $40,829 $35,422
2007 $2,831 $5,949 $37,826 $34,108
2006 $2,666 $5,695 $33,537 $32,454
2005 $2,447 $5,292 $32,063 $30,138
2004 $2,286 $4,998 $31,348 $29,581
2003 $2,208 $4,829 $27,578 $29,249
2002 $2,115 $4,672 $22,451 $28,833
2001 $2,058 $4,543 $20,570 $28,134
2000 $1,983 $4,422 $20,190 $27,152
1999 $1,908 $4,298 $22,050 $25,655
1998 $1,860 $4,171 $22,365 $25,075
1997 $1,749 $4,043 $21,884 $23,937
1996 $1,651 $3,880 $23,123 $23,101
1995 $1,548 $3,808 $20,712 $22,446
1994 $1,344 $3,591 $19,382 $21,369
1993 $1,180 $3,390 $18,782 $20,485
1992 $1,041 $3,171 $23,297 $20,196
1991 $956 $2,945 $22,007 $19,596
1990 $892 $2,856 $20,874 $18,680
1989 $825 - $16,424 -
1988 $806 - $15,781 -
1987 $777 - $14,268 -
1986 $755 - $11,341 -
1985 $776 - $8,009 -
1984 $763 - $7,758 -
1983 $745 - $7,851 -
1982 $735 - $7,574 -
1981 $752 - $7,640 -
1980 $787 - $8,476 -
1979 $773 - $7,006 -
1978 $712 - $5,623 -
1977 $684 - $4,614 -
1976 $553 - $4,042 -
1975 $457 - $4,116 -
1974 $413 - $3,629 -
1973 $366 - $3,213 -
1972 $329 - $2,677 -
1971 $316 - $2,311 -
1970 $309 - $2,112 -
1969 $293.4 - $1,886 -
1968 $290.1 - $1,718 -
1967 $288.4 - $1,595 -
1966 $282.4 - $1,459 -
1965 $274.3 - $1,357 -
1964 - - $1,272 -
1963 - - $1,171 -
1962 - - $1,030 -
1961 - - $923 -
1960 - - $837 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

El Salvador's GDP per capita is $5,767, ranking 117/197, compared to $43,309 in Italy, ranking 29/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), El Salvador ranks 120th at $13,264, while Italy ranks 31st at $62,014.

Economic indicators

El Salvador Italy
Gross domestic product
$36.7B
2025
$2.55T
2025
GDP rank
108/197
2025
9/197
2025
GDP growth
3.91%
2024-2025
0.54%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$5,767
2025
$43,309
2025
GDP per capita rank
117/197
2025
29/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$13,264
2024
$62,014
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
120/197
2024
31/197
2024
Government debt
$32B
2025
$3.5T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
87.2%
2025
137.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,030
2025
$59,371
2025
Government debt per person rank
86/185
2025
6/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,010
2026
$23,424
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$587B
2014
Number of millionaires n/a
1,235,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
89
2026
Income share by richest 10%
29.7%
2023
25.8%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2023
2.3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
30.2%
2025
51.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.26%
2024-2025
1.53%
2024-2025
Unemployment rate
2.71%
2024
6.1%
2025
Population
6404781
58708169

Spending and national debt comparison by year

El Salvador
Spending

Debt
Italy
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
El Salvador Italy
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 30.2% 87.2% 51.1% 137.1%
2024 31.4% 87.4% 50.4% 134.7%
2023 30.5% 85% 53.6% 133.9%
2022 28.7% 83.7% 54.9% 138.4%
2021 31.1% 88% 56% 145.8%
2020 32.7% 95.4% 56.8% 154.4%
2019 27.8% 77.9% 48.4% 133.9%
2018 27.6% 77% 48.3% 134.2%
2017 28.1% 77.1% 48.8% 133.7%
2016 27.5% 75.2% 49% 134.2%
2015 27.1% 73.5% 50.2% 134.8%
2014 27.6% 71.8% 50.7% 134.8%
2013 28.5% 69.7% 50.9% 131.9%
2012 27.4% 70% 50.5% 125.9%
2011 25.3% 65.6% 49% 119.1%
2010 25.6% 66.8% 49.8% 118.8%
2009 26% 65.8% 51.1% 116.1%
2008 24.5% 54.2% 47.8% 105.8%
2007 22.8% 52.2% 46.6% 103.5%
2006 23.4% 52.6% 47.6% 106.3%
2005 22.4% 46.3% 47.1% 106.2%
2004 21.5% 46.8% 46.7% 104.7%
2003 22.6% 46% 47% 105.1%
2002 22.5% 43.8% 46.5% 105.9%
2001 21.7% 37.8% 47.1% 108.5%
2000 21% 29.6% 46.4% 108.7%
1999 19.7% 28% 47.1% 113.1%
1998 19.3% 25.7% 48% 113.9%
1997 18.6% 27.8% 49.3% 116.5%
1996 21% 28.5% 51.3% 118.9%
1995 18.6% 28% 51.4% 119.1%
1994 18.9% 30.5% 55.1% 130.8%
1993 18.5% 31.9% 57.8% 124.1%
1992 20.8% 36.4% 56.8% 113%
1991 18.5% 43.3% 55.3% 105.3%
1990 15.9% - 54.2% 101.7%
1989 - - 51.6% 91.8%
1988 - - 50.4% 89.2%
1987 - - 49.8% 87.4%
1986 - - 50.5% 83.4%
1985 - - 49.8% 79.1%
1984 - - 49.1% 73.1%
1983 - - 48.9% 67.8%
1982 - - 46.7% 61.8%
1981 - - 44.6% 57.3%
1980 - - 40.8% 55.1%
1979 - - 40.1% 58.9%
1978 - - 40.9% 59.9%
1977 - - 38.5% 56%
1976 - - 38.1% 57.3%
1975 - - 39.1% 57.9%
1974 - - 34.8% 50.8%
1973 - - 35.3% 51.1%
1972 - - 36.4% 48.2%
1971 - - 34.4% 42.4%
1970 - - 32.3% 37.8%
1969 - - 32.1% 37%
1968 - - 32.6% 36.4%
1967 - - 17.9% 33.3%
1966 - - 19.1% 33.4%
1965 - - 18.6% 28.4%
1964 - - 18.2% 27.2%
1963 - - 16.7% 27.2%
1962 - - 17.5% 29%
1961 - - 17.3% 30%
1960 - - 16.5% 31.4%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

In 2025, El Salvador's government spending was $11.1B, accounting for 30.2% of its GDP, while Italy spent $1.3T, or 51.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 87.2% in El Salvador and 137.1% in Italy, ranking 32/185 and 9/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
El Salvador

Italy
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
El Salvador Italy
2025 -2.82% -3.11%
2024 -4.55% -3.35%
2023 -4.69% -7.13%
2022 -2.68% -8.1%
2021 -5.53% -8.88%
2020 -8.14% -9.38%
2019 -3.07% -1.45%
2018 -2.71% -2.19%
2017 -2.53% -2.51%
2016 -3.1% -2.4%
2015 -3.63% -2.46%
2014 -4.02% -2.82%
2013 -4.46% -2.87%
2012 -3.81% -2.99%
2011 -4.47% -3.52%
2010 -4.97% -4.16%
2009 -6.65% -5.06%
2008 -3.8% -2.58%
2007 -2.32% -1.33%
2006 -3.42% -3.61%
2005 -3.47% -4.1%
2004 -2.76% -3.46%
2003 -4.23% -3.23%
2002 -5.5% -2.88%
2001 -4.95% -3.18%
2000 -3.45% -2.42%
1999 -3.08% -1.77%
1998 -2.94% -2.99%
1997 -1.97% -2.98%
1996 -2.7% -6.61%
1995 -0.18% -7.2%
1994 -0.94% -8.84%
1993 -1.42% -9.76%
1992 -4.29% -10.1%
1991 -2.3% -11.1%
1990 -0.61% -11.1%
1989 - -11.4%
1988 - -11%
1987 - -11.5%
1986 - -12%
1985 - -12.4%
1984 - -11.5%
1983 - -10.1%
1982 - -10%
1981 - -10.9%
1980 - -6.97%
1979 - -8.23%
1978 - -8.47%
1977 - -6.96%
1976 - -7.88%
1975 - -10.3%
1974 - -6.24%
1973 - -6.36%
1972 - -6.84%
1971 - -4.71%
1970 - -3.22%
1969 - -2.85%
1968 - -2.55%
1967 - -0.97%
1966 - -1.59%
1965 - -2.67%
1964 - -2.35%
1963 - -0.3%
1962 - -0.95%
1961 - -0.57%
1960 - -0.28%
1959 - -1%
1958 - -0.98%
1957 - -1.09%
1956 - -1.46%
1955 - -2.03%
1954 - -1.84%
1953 - -2.33%
1952 - -4.08%
1951 - -3.86%
1950 - -2.42%
1949 - -2.82%
1948 - -4.58%
1947 - -6.62%
1946 - -9.82%
1945 - -16.9%
1944 - -35.1%
1943 - -16.1%
1942 - -26.9%
1941 - -25.1%
1940 - -24.3%
1939 - -9.49%
1938 - -5.97%
1937 - -5.78%
1936 - -7.93%
1935 - -9.83%
1934 - -2.5%
1933 - -4.85%
1932 - -3.06%
1931 - -2.14%
1930 - -0.55%
1929 - -0.59%
1928 - -2.09%
1927 - -1.71%
1926 - -0.09%
1925 - 1.7%
1924 - 1.19%
1923 - -3.21%
1922 - -11%
1921 - -7.77%
1920 - -5.89%
1919 - -11.2%
1918 - -22.7%
1917 - -27.6%
1916 - -28.2%
1915 - -25.8%
1914 - -12.4%
1913 - -0.86%
1912 - -1.86%
1911 - -0.63%
1910 - -0.32%
1909 - -0.69%
1908 - -1.31%
1907 - -0.51%
1906 - -0.69%
1905 - -1.57%
1904 - 0.58%
1903 - 0.32%
1902 - 0.48%
1901 - 0.36%
1900 - 0.28%
1899 - -0.11%
1898 - -0.21%
1897 - 0.009%
1896 - -0.43%
1895 - -0.69%
1894 - -0.23%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.25%
1891 - -1.41%
1890 - -0.32%
1889 - -1.32%
1888 - -2.11%
1887 - -1.94%
1886 - -0.5%
1885 - 0.2%
1884 - -1.46%
1883 - -0.51%
1882 - -0.5%
1881 - -0.04%
1880 - 0.38%
1879 - 0.73%
1878 - 0.09%
1877 - -0.009%
1876 - -0.05%
1875 - 0.58%
1874 - -0.08%
1873 - 0.21%
1872 - 0%
1871 - -0.13%
1870 - -0.82%
1869 - 0.33%
1868 - -0.79%
1867 - -1.45%
1866 - -3.1%
1865 - -2.72%
1864 - -3.06%
1863 - -4.16%
1862 - -3.96%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1862–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

In 2025, El Salvador's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.03B, equivalent to 2.82% of GDP. This compares to Italy's deficit of $79.4B, or 3.11% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, El Salvador recorded a fiscal deficit in 36 of those years, while Italy ran a deficit in 36 years. On average, El Salvador posted an annual deficit equal to 3.5% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.77% of GDP for Italy.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
El Salvador

Italy
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
El Salvador Italy
2025 0.26% 1.53%
2024 0.85% 0.98%
2023 4.05% 5.62%
2022 7.2% 8.2%
2021 3.47% 1.87%
2020 -0.37% -0.14%
2019 0.08% 0.61%
2018 1.09% 1.14%
2017 1.01% 1.23%
2016 0.6% -0.09%
2015 -0.73% 0.04%
2014 1.14% 0.24%
2013 0.76% 1.22%
2012 1.73% 3.04%
2011 5.13% 2.78%
2010 1.18% 1.53%
2009 1.06% 0.77%
2008 6.71% 3.35%
2007 4.58% 1.83%
2006 4.04% 2.09%
2005 4.69% 1.99%
2004 4.45% 2.21%
2003 2.12% 2.67%
2002 1.87% 2.47%
2001 3.75% 2.79%
2000 2.27% 2.54%
1999 0.51% 1.66%
1998 2.55% 1.96%
1997 4.49% 2.04%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, El Salvador has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.43%, compared with 2.01% in Italy. In 2025, inflation was 0.26% in El Salvador and 1.53% in Italy.

Top exports between countries

El Salvador
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $34.3M
Raw agricultural goods $7.77M
Textiles & consumer goods $3.08M
Animal & marine products $978K
Machinery & equipment $203K
Raw materials & minerals $64K
Metals $39K
Wood & paper products $30K
Miscellaneous $14K
Chemicals & pharma $7K
Italy
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $53.6M
Chemicals & pharma $11.9M
Wood & paper products $9.27M
Textiles & consumer goods $4.36M
Raw materials & minerals $4.06M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $3.86M
Metals $2.94M
Raw agricultural goods $1.72M
Precious metals & jewellery $1.67M
Animal & marine products $549K

Balance of trade

El Salvador Italy
Current account balance
-$1.3B
2025
$29.3B
2025
Current account balance ranking
125/190
2025
19/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-3.54%
2025
+1.15%
2025
Goods imports
$16.7B
2025
$597B
2025
Goods exports
$5.55B
2025
$655B
2025
Service imports
$3.94B
2025
$177B
2025
Service exports
$6.21B
2025
$168B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
56.1%
2025
30.3%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
32%
2025
32.2%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

El Salvador Italy
Economic freedom 57.7 63.3
Economic freedom ranking 114/197 80/197
Property rights 42.7 84.8
Government integrity 31.5 60.8
Judicial effectiveness 15.3 80.9
Tax burden 76.8 57.5
Government spending 72.7 15.3
Fiscal health 59.4 17.2
Business freedom 65.7 74.5
Labor freedom 51.6 70.6
Monetary freedom 70.6 79.1
Trade freedom 76.4 79.4
Investment freedom 70 80
Financial freedom 60 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

El Salvador
Italy
1x
Year Economic freedom index
El Salvador Italy
2026 57.7 63.3
2025 56.6 60.9
2024 54.4 60.1
2023 56 62.3
2022 59.6 65.4
2021 61 64.9
2020 61.6 63.8
2019 61.8 62.2
2018 63.2 62.5
2017 64.1 62.5
2016 65.1 61.2
2015 65.7 61.7
2014 66.2 60.9
2013 66.7 60.6
2012 68.7 58.8
2011 68.8 60.3
2010 69.9 62.7
2009 69.8 61.4
2008 68.5 62.6
2007 68.9 62.8
2006 69.6 62
2005 71.5 64.9
2004 71.2 64.2
2003 71.5 64.3
2002 73 63.6
2001 73 63
2000 76.3 61.9
1999 75.1 61.6
1998 70.2 59.1
1997 70.5 58.1
1996 70.1 60.8
1995 69.1 61.2

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for El Salvador is 57.7, ranking 114/197, compared to 63.3 for Italy, ranking 80/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

El Salvador Italy
Services, % of GDP
58.9%
2025
64.5%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
24.5%
2025
22.6%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
4.4%
2025
2.07%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$34.4B
2025
$2.48T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$13,140
2025
$62,870
2025
Total reserves including gold
$4.82B
2025
$434B
2025
Total reserves ranking
107/177
2025
10/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$445M
2025
$22B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.05B
2024
$28.5B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$310M
2024
$45.9B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
35.5%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
27.2%
2023
20.1%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
26.3%
2025
22.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/italy | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1862–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.