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Economy of El Salvador vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

El Salvador has a GDP of $35.4B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 105/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

El Salvador has $30.9B in government debt (87.5% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

El Salvador vs Sweden GDP by year

El Salvador
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
El Salvador Sweden
2024 $35,364,960,000 $603,715,224,266
2023 $33,853,940,000 $578,990,915,246
2022 $31,870,120,000 $575,071,237,641
2021 $29,043,140,000 $631,693,331,301
2020 $24,921,190,000 $544,265,668,452
2019 $26,881,140,000 $530,894,124,494
2018 $26,020,850,000 $549,649,344,043
2017 $24,979,190,000 $535,172,356,785
2016 $24,191,430,000 $513,058,312,951
2015 $23,438,240,000 $501,602,351,912
2014 $22,593,470,000 $577,727,767,304
2013 $21,990,960,000 $584,125,353,119
2012 $21,386,150,000 $549,739,674,655
2011 $20,283,780,000 $570,538,581,144
2010 $18,447,920,000 $492,750,897,239
2009 $17,601,620,000 $434,311,714,442
2008 $17,986,890,000 $514,614,100,833
2007 $17,011,750,000 $490,047,789,548
2006 $15,999,890,000 $422,528,394,459
2005 $14,698,000,000 $391,688,455,929
2004 $13,724,810,900 $384,545,442,175
2003 $13,243,892,200 $334,072,443,516
2002 $12,664,190,300 $267,371,907,447
2001 $12,282,533,600 $242,497,797,485
2000 $11,784,927,700 $262,903,560,280
1999 $11,284,197,000 $274,318,357,862
1998 $10,936,669,900 $270,887,306,759
1997 $10,221,705,900 $268,249,616,891
1996 $9,586,327,800 $291,949,597,375
1995 $8,921,947,100 $267,050,453,507
1994 $7,679,384,000 $228,699,066,874
1993 $6,680,269,200 $212,644,602,616
1992 $5,813,399,300 $283,908,914,454
1991 $5,252,342,400 $273,831,464,572
1990 $4,817,542,204 $261,466,577,009
1989 $4,372,215,300 $217,632,340,195
1988 $4,189,880,000 $206,686,590,776
1987 $3,958,045,800 $182,744,315,974
1986 $3,771,663,200 $150,279,869,729
1985 $3,800,368,600 $113,958,084,357
1984 $3,661,683,400 $109,043,045,407
1983 $3,506,347,800 $104,862,109,663
1982 $3,399,189,100 $114,214,731,799
1981 $3,437,200,200 $129,498,921,476
1980 $3,573,959,900 $141,886,067,004
1979 $3,463,639,900 $123,207,527,699
1978 $3,127,960,000 $104,290,933,496
1977 $2,941,640,100 $94,331,782,622
1976 $2,328,280,100 $89,232,517,046
1975 $1,884,120,100 $82,765,232,648
1974 $1,665,880,000 $65,917,634,590
1973 $1,442,320,000 $59,318,842,992
1972 $1,263,720,000 $48,883,173,400
1971 $1,186,120,000 $41,506,151,115
1970 $1,132,920,000 $38,037,226,668
1969 $1,049,400,000 $33,967,301,561
1968 $1,009,760,100 $31,277,871,669
1967 $976,200,000 $29,474,881,506
1966 $929,520,000 $27,154,716,721
1965 $877,720,000 $24,963,947,415
1964 - $22,685,490,195
1963 - $20,342,131,882
1962 - $18,794,066,990
1961 - $17,329,620,585
1960 - $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in El Salvador vs Sweden by year

El Salvador
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
El Salvador Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $5,580 $13,264 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $5,365 $12,680 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $5,075 $11,876 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $4,643 $10,810 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $3,997 $9,393 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $4,320 $9,757 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $4,184 $9,204 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $4,020 $8,965 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $3,901 $8,456 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $3,790 $7,934 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $3,666 $7,504 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $3,582 $7,093 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $3,498 $6,708 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $3,331 $6,594 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $3,040 $6,248 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $2,910 $6,063 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $2,983 $6,175 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $2,831 $5,949 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $2,666 $5,695 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $2,447 $5,292 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $2,286 $4,998 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $2,208 $4,829 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $2,115 $4,672 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $2,058 $4,543 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $1,983 $4,422 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $1,908 $4,298 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $1,860 $4,171 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $1,749 $4,043 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $1,651 $3,880 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $1,548 $3,808 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $1,344 $3,591 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $1,180 $3,390 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $1,041 $3,171 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $956 $2,945 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $892 $2,856 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $825 - $25,625 -
1988 $806 - $24,499 -
1987 $777 - $21,761 -
1986 $755 - $17,955 -
1985 $776 - $13,647 -
1984 $763 - $13,080 -
1983 $745 - $12,590 -
1982 $735 - $13,719 -
1981 $752 - $15,564 -
1980 $787 - $17,073 -
1979 $773 - $14,856 -
1978 $712 - $12,602 -
1977 $684 - $11,432 -
1976 $553 - $10,853 -
1975 $457 - $10,103 -
1974 $413 - $8,078 -
1973 $366 - $7,291 -
1972 $329 - $6,018 -
1971 $316 - $5,125 -
1970 $309 - $4,729 -
1969 $293.4 - $4,263 -
1968 $290.1 - $3,953 -
1967 $288.4 - $3,746 -
1966 $282.4 - $3,478 -
1965 $274.3 - $3,228 -
1964 - - $2,961 -
1963 - - $2,675 -
1962 - - $2,485 -
1961 - - $2,304 -
1960 - - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

El Salvador's GDP per capita is $5,580, ranking 116/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), El Salvador ranks 120th at $13,264, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

El Salvador Sweden
Gross domestic product
$35.4B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
105/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
2.6%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$5,580
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
116/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$13,264
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
120/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$30.9B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
87.5%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$4,883
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
81/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,768
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
29.7%
2023
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.9%
2023
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.4%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
0.85%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
2.71%
2024
8.31%
2024
Population
6399793
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

El Salvador
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
El Salvador Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31.4% 87.5% 49.3% 33%
2023 30.5% 85.1% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 28.7% 83.7% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 31.1% 88% 49.3% 37%
2020 32.7% 95.4% 52% 40.2%
2019 27.8% 77.9% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 27.6% 77% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 28.1% 77.1% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 27.5% 75.2% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 27.1% 73.5% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 27.6% 71.8% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 28.5% 69.7% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 27.4% 70% 50.2% 38%
2011 25.3% 65.6% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 25.6% 66.8% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 26% 65.8% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 24.5% 54.2% 49.4% 38%
2007 22.8% 52.2% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 23.4% 52.6% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 22.4% 46.3% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 21.5% 46.8% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 22.6% 46% 53% 49.4%
2002 22.5% 43.8% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 21.7% 37.8% 51.7% 52%
2000 21% 29.6% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 19.7% 28% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 19.3% 25.7% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 18.6% 27.8% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 21% 28.5% 60% 68.9%
1995 18.6% 28% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 18.9% 30.5% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 18.5% 31.9% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 20.8% 36.4% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 18.5% 43.3% 61.2% 40.2%
1990 15.9% - 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, El Salvador's government spending was $11.1B, accounting for 31.4% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 87.5% in El Salvador and 33% in Sweden, ranking 36/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
El Salvador

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
El Salvador Sweden
2024 -4.55% -1.72%
2023 -4.69% -0.63%
2022 -2.68% 1%
2021 -5.53% -0.15%
2020 -8.18% -3.18%
2019 -3.07% 0.44%
2018 -2.71% 0.67%
2017 -2.53% 1.29%
2016 -3.1% 0.86%
2015 -3.63% -0.27%
2014 -4.02% -1.84%
2013 -4.46% -1.63%
2012 -3.81% -1.19%
2011 -4.47% -0.41%
2010 -4.97% -0.14%
2009 -6.65% -0.89%
2008 -3.8% 1.87%
2007 -2.32% 3.37%
2006 -3.42% 2.2%
2005 -3.47% 2.08%
2004 -2.76% 0.17%
2003 -4.23% -1.25%
2002 -5.5% -1.46%
2001 -4.95% 1.37%
2000 -3.45% 3.11%
1999 -3.08% 0.6%
1998 -2.94% 0.82%
1997 -1.97% -1.57%
1996 -2.7% -3.11%
1995 -0.18% -7.01%
1994 -0.94% -8.77%
1993 -1.42% -10.9%
1992 -4.29% -8.51%
1991 -2.3% 0.28%
1990 -0.61% 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, El Salvador's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.61B, equivalent to 4.55% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, El Salvador recorded a fiscal deficit in 35 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, El Salvador posted an annual deficit equal to 3.52% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.88% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
El Salvador

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
El Salvador Sweden
2024 0.85% 2.84%
2023 4.05% 8.55%
2022 7.2% 8.37%
2021 3.47% 2.16%
2020 -0.37% 0.5%
2019 0.08% 1.78%
2018 1.09% 1.95%
2017 1.01% 1.79%
2016 0.6% 0.98%
2015 -0.73% -0.05%
2014 1.14% -0.18%
2013 0.76% -0.04%
2012 1.73% 0.89%
2011 5.13% 2.96%
2010 1.18% 1.16%
2009 1.06% -0.49%
2008 6.71% 3.44%
2007 4.58% 2.21%
2006 4.04% 1.36%
2005 4.69% 0.45%
2004 4.45% 0.37%
2003 2.12% 1.93%
2002 1.87% 2.16%
2001 3.75% 2.41%
2000 2.27% 0.9%
1999 0.51% 0.46%
1998 2.55% -0.27%
1997 4.49% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, El Salvador has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.51%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 0.85% in El Salvador and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

El Salvador
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $2.02M
Textiles & consumer goods $34K
Machinery & equipment $18K
Precious metals & jewellery $8K
Metals $3K
Weapons & explosives $3K
Miscellaneous $1K
Sweden
Export category Export value
IT & IP services $81.5M
Wood & paper products $8M
Business & finance services $5.26M
Transport & tourism services $4.95M
Machinery & equipment $2.2M
Manufacturing & construction services $1.26M
Chemicals & pharma $747K
Raw agricultural goods $423K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $395K
Government & miscellaneous services $211K

Balance of trade

El Salvador Sweden
Current account balance
-$633M
2024
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
110/190
2024
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.79%
2024
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$15.1B
2024
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$5.59B
2024
$218B
2024
Service imports
$3.26B
2024
$126B
2024
Service exports
$6B
2024
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
51.9%
2024
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.8%
2024
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

El Salvador Sweden
Economic freedom 57.7 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 114/197 14/197
Property rights 42.7 96.2
Government integrity 31.5 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 15.3 95.6
Tax burden 76.8 51.6
Government spending 72.7 28.4
Fiscal health 59.4 97.5
Business freedom 65.7 84.8
Labor freedom 51.6 65.8
Monetary freedom 70.6 78.1
Trade freedom 76.4 79.4
Investment freedom 70 85
Financial freedom 60 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

El Salvador
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
El Salvador Sweden
2026 57.7 77.8
2025 56.6 77.9
2024 54.4 77.5
2023 56 77.5
2022 59.6 77.9
2021 61 74.7
2020 61.6 74.9
2019 61.8 75.2
2018 63.2 76.3
2017 64.1 74.9
2016 65.1 72
2015 65.7 72.7
2014 66.2 73.1
2013 66.7 72.9
2012 68.7 71.7
2011 68.8 71.9
2010 69.9 72.4
2009 69.8 70.5
2008 68.5 70.8
2007 68.9 69.3
2006 69.6 70.9
2005 71.5 69.8
2004 71.2 70.1
2003 71.5 70
2002 73 70.8
2001 73 66.6
2000 76.3 65.1
1999 75.1 64.2
1998 70.2 64
1997 70.5 63.3
1996 70.1 61.8
1995 69.1 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for El Salvador is 57.7, ranking 114/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

El Salvador Sweden
Services, % of GDP
61%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22.4%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
4.38%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$32.5B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$12,420
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$3.7B
2024
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
110/177
2024
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$636M
2024
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$924M
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$288M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
35%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
27.2%
2023
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
20.3%
2024
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/el-salvador/sweden | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.