Estonia has a population of 1.37M (ranked 153/197), compared with 85.5M in Turkey (ranked 18/197). Estonia's land area is 16,498 sq mi versus 297,156 sq mi for Turkey (ranked 129th vs. 36th).
By GDP, Estonia ranks 102/197 ($42.8B) and Turkey ranks 17/197 ($1.32T). By GDP per capita, Estonia ranks 40/197 ($31,170), while Turkey ranks 68/197 ($15,473).
Main facts and rankings
| 
 | 
 | 
|
|---|---|---|
| Population | 
 
1355535
 
 | 
 
85914550
 
 | 
| Population rank | 155/197 | 18/197 | 
| GDP | 
 
$42.8B  
2024  | 
 
$1.32T  
2024  | 
| GDP rank | 102/197 | 17/197 | 
| GDP per capita | 
 
$31,170  
2024  | 
 
$15,473  
2024  | 
| GDP per capita rank | 40/197 | 68/197 | 
| GDP per capita, PPP | 
 
$49,334  
2024  | 
 
$43,932  
2024  | 
| Government debt | 
 
$10.1B  
2024  | 
 
$344B  
2024  | 
| Debt-to-GDP ratio | 
 
25.4%  
2025  | 
 
26.7%  
2025  | 
| Government debt per person | 
 
$7,362  
2024  | 
 
$4,019  
2024  | 
| Government debt per person rank | 66/185 | 91/185 | 
| Average annual personal income after taxes | 
 
$21,368  
2025  | 
 
$9,587  
2025  | 
| Land area | 
 
16,498 sq mi  
2025  | 
 
297,156 sq mi  
2025  | 
| Population density | 
 
83.2 ppl/mi²  
2024  | 
 
287.8 ppl/mi²  
2024  | 
| Fertility rate | 
 
1.31  
2023  | 
 
1.51  
2023  | 
| Median age | 
 
43.3 years  
2024  | 
 
34 years  
2024  | 
| Life expectancy | 
 
79.5 years  
2025  | 
 
77.8 years  
2025  | 
Estonia and Turkey: Comparison Charts
Estonia and Turkey economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1960 | - | $7,566,666,667 | 
| 1961 | - | $7,988,888,889 | 
| 1962 | - | $8,922,222,222 | 
| 1963 | - | $10,355,555,556 | 
| 1964 | - | $11,177,777,778 | 
| 1965 | - | $11,966,666,667 | 
| 1966 | - | $14,100,000,000 | 
| 1967 | - | $15,644,444,444 | 
| 1968 | - | $17,500,000,000 | 
| 1969 | - | $19,466,666,667 | 
| 1970 | - | $17,863,636,364 | 
| 1971 | - | $16,166,666,667 | 
| 1972 | - | $20,650,000,000 | 
| 1973 | - | $26,000,000,000 | 
| 1974 | - | $35,414,285,714 | 
| 1975 | - | $46,042,857,143 | 
| 1976 | - | $51,450,000,000 | 
| 1977 | - | $58,683,333,333 | 
| 1978 | - | $65,912,500,000 | 
| 1979 | - | $89,616,129,032 | 
| 1980 | - | $68,823,684,211 | 
| 1981 | - | $71,180,180,180 | 
| 1982 | - | $64,369,325,153 | 
| 1983 | - | $61,803,555,556 | 
| 1984 | - | $59,937,602,180 | 
| 1985 | - | $67,232,758,621 | 
| 1986 | - | $75,673,037,037 | 
| 1987 | - | $87,190,081,680 | 
| 1988 | - | $90,875,175,809 | 
| 1989 | - | $107,127,191,329 | 
| 1990 | - | $150,655,500,192 | 
| 1991 | - | $151,034,731,544 | 
| 1992 | - | $159,104,772,992 | 
| 1993 | $4,013,091,682 | $180,415,757,852 | 
| 1994 | $4,123,011,420 | $130,650,447,499 | 
| 1995 | $4,502,970,889 | $169,319,579,016 | 
| 1996 | $4,786,018,988 | $181,464,408,820 | 
| 1997 | $5,154,420,649 | $189,878,399,895 | 
| 1998 | $5,674,080,543 | $275,941,990,764 | 
| 1999 | $5,756,912,266 | $256,395,932,738 | 
| 2000 | $5,686,579,748 | $274,294,623,164 | 
| 2001 | $6,250,218,423 | $201,753,123,807 | 
| 2002 | $7,370,119,619 | $240,249,071,871 | 
| 2003 | $9,876,595,528 | $314,595,572,146 | 
| 2004 | $12,148,595,031 | $408,865,430,220 | 
| 2005 | $14,109,491,357 | $506,314,717,662 | 
| 2006 | $17,025,671,810 | $557,076,157,773 | 
| 2007 | $22,450,264,166 | $681,321,124,296 | 
| 2008 | $24,342,935,404 | $770,449,132,861 | 
| 2009 | $19,633,984,440 | $649,289,324,628 | 
| 2010 | $19,524,355,419 | $776,967,266,306 | 
| 2011 | $23,303,915,795 | $838,785,289,694 | 
| 2012 | $23,237,406,116 | $880,555,885,492 | 
| 2013 | $25,451,032,781 | $957,799,120,008 | 
| 2014 | $27,055,689,003 | $938,934,609,297 | 
| 2015 | $23,311,847,751 | $864,313,810,469 | 
| 2016 | $24,561,027,788 | $869,682,881,593 | 
| 2017 | $27,469,461,919 | $858,988,492,854 | 
| 2018 | $31,222,632,741 | $778,972,108,041 | 
| 2019 | $31,873,748,770 | $761,005,915,751 | 
| 2020 | $31,820,771,494 | $720,338,490,327 | 
| 2021 | $37,204,563,051 | $819,865,223,976 | 
| 2022 | $38,376,046,175 | $907,118,434,654 | 
| 2023 | $41,291,245,222 | $1,118,252,958,514 | 
| 2024 | $42,764,929,169 | $1,323,254,808,059 | 
Estonia and Turkey economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1960 | - | $267.1 | 
| 1961 | - | $274.4 | 
| 1962 | - | $298.2 | 
| 1963 | - | $337 | 
| 1964 | - | $354 | 
| 1965 | - | $370 | 
| 1966 | - | $425 | 
| 1967 | - | $459 | 
| 1968 | - | $501 | 
| 1969 | - | $544 | 
| 1970 | - | $488 | 
| 1971 | - | $431 | 
| 1972 | - | $537 | 
| 1973 | - | $661 | 
| 1974 | - | $881 | 
| 1975 | - | $1,122 | 
| 1976 | - | $1,228 | 
| 1977 | - | $1,372 | 
| 1978 | - | $1,510 | 
| 1979 | - | $2,013 | 
| 1980 | - | $1,516 | 
| 1981 | - | $1,537 | 
| 1982 | - | $1,360 | 
| 1983 | - | $1,276 | 
| 1984 | - | $1,209 | 
| 1985 | - | $1,326 | 
| 1986 | - | $1,461 | 
| 1987 | - | $1,650 | 
| 1988 | - | $1,686 | 
| 1989 | - | $1,949 | 
| 1990 | - | $2,690 | 
| 1991 | - | $2,649 | 
| 1992 | - | $2,744 | 
| 1993 | $2,686 | $3,058 | 
| 1994 | $2,819 | $2,176 | 
| 1995 | $3,134 | $2,775 | 
| 1996 | $3,381 | $2,929 | 
| 1997 | $3,683 | $3,021 | 
| 1998 | $4,093 | $4,330 | 
| 1999 | $4,141 | $3,969 | 
| 2000 | $4,071 | $4,192 | 
| 2001 | $4,503 | $3,046 | 
| 2002 | $5,343 | $3,583 | 
| 2003 | $7,205 | $4,638 | 
| 2004 | $8,916 | $5,961 | 
| 2005 | $10,415 | $7,303 | 
| 2006 | $12,641 | $7,953 | 
| 2007 | $16,745 | $9,711 | 
| 2008 | $18,206 | $10,844 | 
| 2009 | $14,712 | $9,013 | 
| 2010 | $14,664 | $10,623 | 
| 2011 | $17,556 | $11,301 | 
| 2012 | $17,568 | $11,713 | 
| 2013 | $19,310 | $12,578 | 
| 2014 | $20,582 | $12,165 | 
| 2015 | $17,722 | $11,050 | 
| 2016 | $18,666 | $10,970 | 
| 2017 | $20,852 | $10,696 | 
| 2018 | $23,618 | $9,569 | 
| 2019 | $24,021 | $9,215 | 
| 2020 | $23,934 | $8,639 | 
| 2021 | $27,954 | $9,743 | 
| 2022 | $28,451 | $10,675 | 
| 2023 | $30,133 | $13,106 | 
| 2024 | $31,170 | $15,473 | 
Estonia vs. Turkey life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1950 | 66.4 | 47.3 | 
| 1951 | 66.8 | 47.6 | 
| 1952 | 67.2 | 48.1 | 
| 1953 | 67.5 | 48.2 | 
| 1954 | 67.8 | 48.8 | 
| 1955 | 68.2 | 49.1 | 
| 1956 | 68.5 | 49.5 | 
| 1957 | 68.8 | 49.2 | 
| 1958 | 68.8 | 49.2 | 
| 1959 | 68.7 | 50.1 | 
| 1960 | 69.3 | 50.8 | 
| 1961 | 69.6 | 51.6 | 
| 1962 | 69.8 | 52.3 | 
| 1963 | 69.9 | 53.1 | 
| 1964 | 70.6 | 53.6 | 
| 1965 | 70.7 | 54.1 | 
| 1966 | 70.7 | 54.6 | 
| 1967 | 71 | 55.2 | 
| 1968 | 70.6 | 55.6 | 
| 1969 | 70.3 | 56.2 | 
| 1970 | 70.4 | 56.7 | 
| 1971 | 70.6 | 57.2 | 
| 1972 | 70.4 | 58 | 
| 1973 | 70.7 | 58.5 | 
| 1974 | 70.8 | 59 | 
| 1975 | 70.1 | 59.5 | 
| 1976 | 69.7 | 60 | 
| 1977 | 69.8 | 60.8 | 
| 1978 | 69.7 | 61.6 | 
| 1979 | 69.4 | 62.2 | 
| 1980 | 69.5 | 62.7 | 
| 1981 | 69.3 | 63.2 | 
| 1982 | 69.9 | 63.7 | 
| 1983 | 69.8 | 64.3 | 
| 1984 | 69.6 | 64.8 | 
| 1985 | 69.8 | 65.3 | 
| 1986 | 70.9 | 65.9 | 
| 1987 | 70.9 | 66.4 | 
| 1988 | 71 | 66.9 | 
| 1989 | 70.5 | 67.4 | 
| 1990 | 69.9 | 67.8 | 
| 1991 | 69.8 | 68.3 | 
| 1992 | 69.2 | 68.6 | 
| 1993 | 68.2 | 69 | 
| 1994 | 66.7 | 69.4 | 
| 1995 | 67.8 | 69.7 | 
| 1996 | 70 | 70.2 | 
| 1997 | 70.2 | 70.7 | 
| 1998 | 69.8 | 71.1 | 
| 1999 | 70.7 | 70.8 | 
| 2000 | 71 | 71.9 | 
| 2001 | 70.8 | 72.3 | 
| 2002 | 71.4 | 72.6 | 
| 2003 | 71.9 | 72.9 | 
| 2004 | 72.4 | 73.2 | 
| 2005 | 73 | 73.5 | 
| 2006 | 73.2 | 73.8 | 
| 2007 | 73.2 | 74.1 | 
| 2008 | 74.3 | 74.4 | 
| 2009 | 75.2 | 74.7 | 
| 2010 | 75.9 | 75 | 
| 2011 | 76.3 | 74.8 | 
| 2012 | 76.4 | 75.6 | 
| 2013 | 77.3 | 76.2 | 
| 2014 | 77.1 | 76.5 | 
| 2015 | 77.7 | 76.5 | 
| 2016 | 77.8 | 76.6 | 
| 2017 | 78.2 | 77 | 
| 2018 | 78.3 | 77.5 | 
| 2019 | 78.8 | 77.7 | 
| 2020 | 78.9 | 76.5 | 
| 2021 | 77.4 | 75.7 | 
| 2022 | 78.2 | 77.6 | 
| 2023 | 79.2 | 77.2 | 
| 2024 | 79.3 | 77.4 | 
| 2025 | 79.5 | 77.8 | 
Estonia and Turkey population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1960 | 1,211,537 | 28,329,898 | 
| 1961 | 1,225,077 | 29,119,238 | 
| 1962 | 1,241,623 | 29,916,147 | 
| 1963 | 1,258,857 | 30,726,841 | 
| 1964 | 1,277,086 | 31,543,072 | 
| 1965 | 1,294,566 | 32,345,220 | 
| 1966 | 1,308,597 | 33,177,672 | 
| 1967 | 1,318,946 | 34,050,421 | 
| 1968 | 1,331,214 | 34,921,684 | 
| 1969 | 1,345,249 | 35,787,774 | 
| 1970 | 1,360,076 | 36,638,465 | 
| 1971 | 1,376,955 | 37,518,611 | 
| 1972 | 1,392,518 | 38,430,221 | 
| 1973 | 1,405,951 | 39,329,533 | 
| 1974 | 1,418,169 | 40,210,234 | 
| 1975 | 1,429,352 | 41,053,126 | 
| 1976 | 1,439,576 | 41,899,984 | 
| 1977 | 1,450,211 | 42,773,298 | 
| 1978 | 1,460,188 | 43,645,306 | 
| 1979 | 1,468,333 | 44,510,429 | 
| 1980 | 1,477,219 | 45,408,815 | 
| 1981 | 1,487,666 | 46,321,190 | 
| 1982 | 1,498,414 | 47,322,096 | 
| 1983 | 1,508,745 | 48,447,410 | 
| 1984 | 1,518,617 | 49,574,069 | 
| 1985 | 1,528,781 | 50,687,115 | 
| 1986 | 1,540,190 | 51,777,772 | 
| 1987 | 1,552,221 | 52,843,670 | 
| 1988 | 1,561,900 | 53,909,626 | 
| 1989 | 1,568,131 | 54,976,723 | 
| 1990 | 1,569,174 | 56,015,628 | 
| 1991 | 1,561,314 | 57,009,887 | 
| 1992 | 1,533,091 | 57,990,118 | 
| 1993 | 1,494,128 | 58,999,167 | 
| 1994 | 1,462,514 | 60,033,836 | 
| 1995 | 1,436,634 | 61,024,503 | 
| 1996 | 1,415,594 | 61,951,134 | 
| 1997 | 1,399,535 | 62,852,966 | 
| 1998 | 1,386,156 | 63,734,383 | 
| 1999 | 1,390,244 | 64,591,923 | 
| 2000 | 1,396,985 | 65,425,961 | 
| 2001 | 1,388,115 | 66,245,128 | 
| 2002 | 1,379,350 | 67,048,795 | 
| 2003 | 1,370,720 | 67,831,730 | 
| 2004 | 1,362,550 | 68,592,617 | 
| 2005 | 1,354,775 | 69,329,557 | 
| 2006 | 1,346,810 | 70,045,349 | 
| 2007 | 1,340,680 | 70,158,112 | 
| 2008 | 1,337,090 | 71,051,678 | 
| 2009 | 1,334,515 | 72,039,206 | 
| 2010 | 1,331,475 | 73,142,150 | 
| 2011 | 1,327,439 | 74,223,629 | 
| 2012 | 1,322,696 | 75,175,827 | 
| 2013 | 1,317,997 | 76,147,624 | 
| 2014 | 1,314,545 | 77,181,884 | 
| 2015 | 1,315,407 | 78,218,479 | 
| 2016 | 1,315,790 | 79,277,962 | 
| 2017 | 1,317,384 | 80,312,698 | 
| 2018 | 1,321,977 | 81,407,204 | 
| 2019 | 1,326,898 | 82,579,440 | 
| 2020 | 1,329,522 | 83,384,680 | 
| 2021 | 1,330,932 | 84,147,318 | 
| 2022 | 1,348,840 | 84,979,913 | 
| 2023 | 1,370,286 | 85,325,965 | 
| 2024 | 1,371,986 | 85,518,661 | 
Fertility rates in Estonia and Turkey
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1960 | 1.98 | 6.38 | 
| 1961 | 1.98 | 6.42 | 
| 1962 | 1.95 | 6.38 | 
| 1963 | 1.89 | 6.34 | 
| 1964 | 1.94 | 6.29 | 
| 1965 | 1.88 | 6.22 | 
| 1966 | 1.87 | 6.15 | 
| 1967 | 1.9 | 6.06 | 
| 1968 | 2.03 | 5.96 | 
| 1969 | 2.13 | 5.87 | 
| 1970 | 2.17 | 5.78 | 
| 1971 | 2.19 | 5.67 | 
| 1972 | 2.13 | 5.55 | 
| 1973 | 2.06 | 5.41 | 
| 1974 | 2.07 | 5.24 | 
| 1975 | 2.04 | 5.09 | 
| 1976 | 2.07 | 4.93 | 
| 1977 | 2.06 | 4.78 | 
| 1978 | 2.02 | 4.69 | 
| 1979 | 2 | 4.58 | 
| 1980 | 2.02 | 4.45 | 
| 1981 | 2.07 | 4.35 | 
| 1982 | 2.07 | 4.21 | 
| 1983 | 2.16 | 4.06 | 
| 1984 | 2.17 | 3.91 | 
| 1985 | 2.13 | 3.78 | 
| 1986 | 2.18 | 3.66 | 
| 1987 | 2.27 | 3.54 | 
| 1988 | 2.27 | 3.45 | 
| 1989 | 2.22 | 3.34 | 
| 1990 | 2.05 | 3.11 | 
| 1991 | 1.8 | 3 | 
| 1992 | 1.71 | 2.94 | 
| 1993 | 1.49 | 2.92 | 
| 1994 | 1.42 | 2.87 | 
| 1995 | 1.38 | 2.84 | 
| 1996 | 1.37 | 2.78 | 
| 1997 | 1.32 | 2.74 | 
| 1998 | 1.28 | 2.71 | 
| 1999 | 1.3 | 2.63 | 
| 2000 | 1.36 | 2.49 | 
| 2001 | 1.32 | 2.39 | 
| 2002 | 1.36 | 2.27 | 
| 2003 | 1.37 | 2.2 | 
| 2004 | 1.47 | 2.2 | 
| 2005 | 1.52 | 2.2 | 
| 2006 | 1.58 | 2.19 | 
| 2007 | 1.69 | 2.16 | 
| 2008 | 1.72 | 2.15 | 
| 2009 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 
| 2010 | 1.72 | 2.08 | 
| 2011 | 1.61 | 2.05 | 
| 2012 | 1.56 | 2.11 | 
| 2013 | 1.52 | 2.11 | 
| 2014 | 1.54 | 2.19 | 
| 2015 | 1.58 | 2.16 | 
| 2016 | 1.6 | 2.11 | 
| 2017 | 1.59 | 2.08 | 
| 2018 | 1.67 | 2 | 
| 2019 | 1.66 | 1.89 | 
| 2020 | 1.58 | 1.77 | 
| 2021 | 1.61 | 1.71 | 
| 2022 | 1.41 | 1.63 | 
| 2023 | 1.31 | 1.51 | 
Estonia and Turkey demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
| 
 | 
 | 
|
| 1960 | 32.2 | 19.4 | 
| 1961 | 32.4 | 19.3 | 
| 1962 | 32.5 | 19.1 | 
| 1963 | 32.7 | 19 | 
| 1964 | 32.8 | 18.9 | 
| 1965 | 33 | 18.9 | 
| 1966 | 33.2 | 18.8 | 
| 1967 | 33.4 | 18.7 | 
| 1968 | 33.6 | 18.6 | 
| 1969 | 33.7 | 18.6 | 
| 1970 | 33.7 | 18.6 | 
| 1971 | 33.8 | 18.7 | 
| 1972 | 33.9 | 18.8 | 
| 1973 | 34.1 | 18.9 | 
| 1974 | 34.2 | 19 | 
| 1975 | 34.2 | 19.1 | 
| 1976 | 34.3 | 19.3 | 
| 1977 | 34.3 | 19.4 | 
| 1978 | 34.2 | 19.5 | 
| 1979 | 34 | 19.7 | 
| 1980 | 33.9 | 19.8 | 
| 1981 | 33.8 | 19.9 | 
| 1982 | 33.8 | 20 | 
| 1983 | 33.9 | 20.2 | 
| 1984 | 33.9 | 20.4 | 
| 1985 | 33.9 | 20.6 | 
| 1986 | 34 | 20.9 | 
| 1987 | 34 | 21.1 | 
| 1988 | 34.1 | 21.3 | 
| 1989 | 34.2 | 21.6 | 
| 1990 | 34.3 | 21.8 | 
| 1991 | 34.6 | 22.1 | 
| 1992 | 35 | 22.4 | 
| 1993 | 35.6 | 22.7 | 
| 1994 | 36 | 23 | 
| 1995 | 36.3 | 23.3 | 
| 1996 | 36.7 | 23.6 | 
| 1997 | 37 | 24 | 
| 1998 | 37.3 | 24.3 | 
| 1999 | 37.6 | 24.7 | 
| 2000 | 38 | 25 | 
| 2001 | 38.3 | 25.4 | 
| 2002 | 38.5 | 25.8 | 
| 2003 | 38.8 | 26.2 | 
| 2004 | 39.1 | 26.6 | 
| 2005 | 39.3 | 27 | 
| 2006 | 39.6 | 27.5 | 
| 2007 | 39.7 | 27.9 | 
| 2008 | 39.8 | 28.3 | 
| 2009 | 40 | 28.6 | 
| 2010 | 40.3 | 29.1 | 
| 2011 | 40.6 | 29.5 | 
| 2012 | 40.9 | 29.8 | 
| 2013 | 41.1 | 30.1 | 
| 2014 | 41.4 | 30.4 | 
| 2015 | 41.5 | 30.6 | 
| 2016 | 41.7 | 30.9 | 
| 2017 | 41.9 | 31.2 | 
| 2018 | 42 | 31.5 | 
| 2019 | 42.2 | 31.8 | 
| 2020 | 42.4 | 32.3 | 
| 2021 | 42.5 | 32.7 | 
| 2022 | 42.7 | 33.1 | 
| 2023 | 42.9 | 33.5 | 
| 2024 | 43.3 | 34 | 
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Estonia and Turkey.
GDP per capita
GDP
Life expectancy
Population
Population density
Fertility rate
Median age
Land area
National statistics comparison
Finance
| 
 | 
 | 
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method | 
 
$39.4B  
2024  | 
 
$1.12T  
2024  | 
| Government expenditure, % of GDP | 
 
44.4%  
2025  | 
 
32.9%  
2025  | 
| Education expenditure, % of GDP | 
 
5.21%  
2022  | 
 
3.1%  
2022  | 
| Military expenditure, % of GDP | 
 
2.87%  
2023  | 
 
1.5%  
2023  | 
| Armed forces personnel | 
 
7,000  
2020  | 
 
512,000  
2020  | 
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | 
 
-2.69%  
2025  | 
 
-4.33%  
2025  | 
| Unemployment rate | 
 
7.5%  
2024  | 
 
8.71%  
2024  | 
| Services, % of GDP | 
 
65.1%  
2024  | 
 
56.8%  
2024  | 
| Industry, % of GDP | 
 
20.5%  
2024  | 
 
25.9%  
2024  | 
| Economic freedom index | 
 
78.9  
2025  | 
 
56.1  
2025  | 
| Income share by richest 10% | 
 
23.7%  
2023  | 
 
35.2%  
2022  | 
| Income share by poorest 10% | 
 
3.1%  
2023  | 
 
2.1%  
2022  | 
| Number of millionaires | n/a | 
 
60,787  
2024  | 
| Percentage of millionaires | n/a | 
 
0.1%  
2024  | 
| Number of billionaires | 
 
2  
2025  | 
 
32  
2025  | 
| Percentage of billionaires | 
 
0.0002%  
2025  | 
 
0.00005%  
2025  | 
| Listed domestic companies | 
 
14  
2003  | 
 
551  
2024  | 
| Market capitalization of domestic companies | n/a | 
 
$379B  
2024  | 
| Total reserves including gold | 
 
$2.07B  
2024  | 
 
$155B  
2024  | 
| Personal remittances received | 
 
$496M  
2024  | 
 
$982M  
2024  | 
| International tourist arrivals | 
 
1,695,000  
2020  | 
 
15,971,000  
2020  | 
| International tourism as share of exports | 
 
3.98%  
2020  | 
 
6.63%  
2020  | 
| Banked people share | 
 
98.9%  
2024  | 
 
81.6%  
2024  | 
Energy
| 
 | 
 | 
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita | 
 
3,089 kg  
2023  | 
 
1,850 kg  
2023  | 
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use | 
 
$15.1  
2023  | 
 
$22.9  
2023  | 
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions | 
 
11.4 megatons  
2023  | 
 
438 megatons  
2023  | 
| CO2 emissions per capita | 
 
8.35 tons  
2023  | 
 
5.14 tons  
2023  | 
| Fossil fuel energy use share | 
 
60.9%  
2023  | 
 
81.4%  
2023  | 
| Renewable energy use share | 
 
38%  
2021  | 
 
12%  
2021  | 
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share | 
 
2.9%  
2023  | 
 
15.3%  
2023  | 
| Net energy imports use share | 
 
3.77%  
2023  | 
 
72%  
2023  | 
| Electric power consumption per capita | 
 
5,722 kWh  
2023  | 
 
3,581 kWh  
2023  | 
| Renewable electricity output share | 
 
40%  
2021  | 
 
35.4%  
2021  | 
| Hydroelectric share | 
 
0.42%  
2023  | 
 
19.3%  
2023  | 
| Nuclear share | 
 
0%  
2021  | 
 
0%  
2021  | 
| Electricity access | 
 
100%  
2023  | 
 
100%  
2023  | 
Society
| 
 | 
 | 
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population | 
 
0.02%  
2024  | 
 
1.05%  
2024  | 
| Annual migration change | 
 
-7,742  
2024  | 
 
-275,952  
2024  | 
| Urban population | 
 
70%  
2024  | 
 
77.9%  
2024  | 
| Male:Female ratio | 
 
50:50  
2024  | 
 
50:50  
2024  | 
| Average male height | 
 
6 ft  
2025  | 
 
5.79 ft  
2025  | 
| Average female height | 
 
5.53 ft  
2025  | 
 
5.31 ft  
2025  | 
| Quality of life index | 
 
82  
2025  | 
 
56.7  
2025  | 
| Corruption Perceptions Index | 
 
76  
2024  | 
 
34  
2024  | 
| Higher education index | 
 
81  
2025  | 
 
75  
2025  | 
| Homicides per 100K people | 
 
1.54  
2023  | 
 
3.23  
2023  | 
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people | 
 
4.5  
2019  | 
 
6.7  
2019  | 
| Visa free countries | 
 
173  
2025  | 
 
125  
2025  | 
| Adult literacy rate | 
 
99.9%  
2021  | 
 
97.3%  
2021  | 
| English speaking | 
 
50.2%  
2023  | 
 
15%  
2023  | 
| People using the Internet | 
 
92.2%  
2024  | 
 
87.3%  
2024  | 
Health
| 
 | 
 | 
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita | 
 
$1,999  
2022  | 
 
$386  
2022  | 
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita | 
 
$463  
2022  | 
 
$75.2  
2022  | 
| Life expectancy | 
 
79.5 years  
2025  | 
 
77.8 years  
2025  | 
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure | 
 
0.01%  
2022  | 
n/a | 
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 
 
3.44  
2021  | 
 
2.17  
2021  | 
| Age at first childbirth | 
 
28.7 years  
2023  | 
 
27.1 years  
2023  | 
| Maternal mortality per 100K births | 
 
5  
2023  | 
 
15  
2023  | 
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births | 
 
2.1  
2023  | 
 
12.8  
2023  | 
| Obesity rate | 
 
22.8%  
2022  | 
 
34.4%  
2022  | 
| Diabetes prevalence | 
 
6.9%  
2024  | 
 
16.5%  
2024  | 
| Air quality index | 
 
95  
2025  | 
 
48  
2025  | 
| Tobacco use prevalence | 
 
28.3%  
2022  | 
 
30.5%  
2022  | 
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita | 
 
10.7 liters  
2020  | 
 
1.69 liters  
2020  | 
Territory
In-depth comparisons
Relevant pages:
By topic 
vs 
comparisons:
Facts comparisons