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Poland vs Russia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Poland has a population of 36.6M (ranked 42/197), compared with 144M in Russia (ranked 9/197). Poland's land area is 118,252 sq mi versus 6,323,145 sq mi for Russia (ranked 69th vs. 1st).

By GDP, Poland ranks 21/197 ($918B) and Russia ranks 11/197 ($2.17T). By GDP per capita, Poland ranks 48/197 ($25,104), while Russia ranks 68/197 ($15,145).

Main facts and rankings

Poland Russia
Population
35806942
141906741
Population rank 47/197 9/197
GDP
$918B
2024
$2.17T
2024
GDP rank 21/197 11/197
GDP per capita
$25,104
2024
$15,145
2024
GDP per capita rank 48/197 68/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$51,263
2024
$47,405
2024
Government debt
$507B
2024
$440B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
55.3%
2024
20.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$13,874
2024
$3,067
2024
Government debt per person rank 41/185 98/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$20,736
2026
$10,464
2026
Land area 118,252 sq mi 6,323,145 sq mi
Population density
303 ppl/mi²
2026
22.4 ppl/mi²
2026
Fertility rate
1.16
2023
1.41
2023
Median age
42.9 years
2024
40.9 years
2024
Life expectancy
79.2 years
2026
73.7 years
2026

Poland and Russia: Comparison Charts

Poland and Russia economies compared

GDP
Poland

Russia
1x
Year GDP
Poland Russia
2024 $917,767,106,147 $2,173,835,806,672
2023 $812,451,193,396 $2,071,505,725,031
2022 $695,607,470,875 $2,291,612,121,335
2021 $689,170,230,665 $1,829,186,719,575
2020 $605,914,237,904 $1,493,075,894,362
2019 $602,683,770,145 $1,693,115,002,708
2018 $594,616,687,350 $1,657,328,773,461
2017 $528,356,676,667 $1,574,199,360,089
2016 $473,259,583,970 $1,276,786,350,881
2015 $480,054,118,583 $1,363,482,182,198
2014 $542,134,167,179 $2,059,241,589,895
2013 $518,179,836,405 $2,292,470,078,346
2012 $498,148,649,703 $2,208,293,553,878
2011 $527,848,543,023 $2,045,922,753,398
2010 $478,111,630,684 $1,524,916,715,224
2009 $440,891,472,247 $1,222,645,900,056
2008 $535,612,030,672 $1,660,848,058,303
2007 $429,715,132,138 $1,299,703,478,482
2006 $345,897,630,736 $989,932,071,353
2005 $306,999,913,151 $764,015,973,481
2004 $256,268,656,145 $591,016,690,732
2003 $218,561,225,998 $430,347,420,185
2002 $199,694,463,256 $345,470,494,418
2001 $191,823,200,371 $306,602,070,621
2000 $172,953,527,033 $259,710,142,197
1999 $170,704,452,715 $195,907,128,351
1998 $175,282,269,667 $270,955,486,862
1997 $159,893,964,917 $404,928,954,192
1996 $160,813,026,223 $391,724,890,744
1995 $142,838,527,115 $395,537,185,735
1994 $110,803,635,288 $395,077,301,248
1993 $96,043,157,273 $435,083,713,851
1992 $94,337,050,693 $460,290,556,901
1991 $85,500,935,935 $517,962,962,963
1990 $65,977,748,211 $517,014,446,228
1989 - $506,631,299,735
1988 - $554,828,660,436

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1988–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Poland and Russia economies compared

GDP per capita
Poland

Russia
1x
Year GDP per capita
Poland Russia
2024 $25,104 $15,145
2023 $22,145 $14,403
2022 $18,891 $15,888
2021 $18,636 $12,637
2020 $16,151 $10,280
2019 $15,875 $11,640
2018 $15,658 $11,399
2017 $13,913 $10,835
2016 $12,464 $8,804
2015 $12,638 $9,427
2014 $14,262 $14,277
2013 $13,622 $15,941
2012 $13,087 $15,402
2011 $13,868 $14,305
2010 $12,568 $10,675
2009 $11,556 $8,563
2008 $14,049 $11,635
2007 $11,273 $9,101
2006 $9,069 $6,920
2005 $8,044 $5,323
2004 $6,712 $4,102
2003 $5,721 $2,975
2002 $5,223 $2,378
2001 $5,015 $2,100
2000 $4,521 $1,772
1999 $4,416 $1,331
1998 $4,534 $1,835
1997 $4,137 $2,738
1996 $4,164 $2,644
1995 $3,701 $2,666
1994 $2,875 $2,662
1993 $2,497 $2,931
1992 $2,459 $3,099
1991 $2,236 $3,490
1990 $1,731 $3,494
1989 - $3,430
1988 - $3,778

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1988–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Poland vs. Russia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Poland

Russia
1x
Year Life expectancy, years
Poland Russia
2026 79.2 73.7
2025 79 73.5
2024 78.8 73.3
2023 78.6 73.2
2022 77.9 72.5
2021 75.6 69.8
2020 76.6 71.2
2019 77.9 73.1
2018 77.6 72.9
2017 77.7 72.8
2016 77.6 71.9
2015 77.6 71.3
2014 77.3 70.8
2013 77.1 70.6
2012 76.8 70.1
2011 76.6 69.7
2010 76.3 68.2
2009 75.9 68.7
2008 75.6 67.9
2007 75.4 67.5
2006 75.3 66.5
2005 75.1 65.2
2004 74.9 65.1
2003 74.8 64.7
2002 74.5 64.7
2001 74.2 65
2000 73.6 65
1999 73.2 65.6
1998 72.8 66.9
1997 72.6 66.6
1996 72.3 65.4
1995 72 64
1994 71.7 63.8
1993 71.3 65
1992 70.9 67.8
1991 70.7 69
1990 70.6 69.3
1989 70.8 69.7
1988 70.8 69.9
1987 70.8 70.1
1986 70.6 70
1985 70.5 68.3
1984 70.6 67.6
1983 70.8 68
1982 70.9 68.1
1981 70.6 67.6
1980 70.5 67.5
1979 70.2 67.6
1978 70.4 67.8
1977 70.3 67.9
1976 70.4 68.1
1975 70.6 68.3
1974 70.7 68.7
1973 70.7 68.9
1972 70.1 68.8
1971 69.8 68.9
1970 69.6 68.7
1969 69.8 68.6
1968 69.8 69.1
1967 69.9 69.2
1966 69.7 69.4
1965 69.4 69.3
1964 68.9 69.5
1963 68.3 69.1
1962 68 68.5
1961 67.8 68.6
1960 67.1 68.3
1959 66.4 67.4
1958 64.9 67.7
1957 64.4 66
1956 63.4 66.5
1955 63.1 62.1
1954 62.3 59.9
1953 61.3 58.8
1952 59.7 57.6
1951 58.9 55.3
1950 58.3 55.5

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Poland and Russia population clocks and comparison

Population
Poland

Russia
1x
Year Population
Poland Russia
2024 36,559,233 143,533,851
2023 36,687,353 143,826,130
2022 36,821,749 144,236,933
2021 36,981,559 144,746,762
2020 37,515,748 145,245,148
2019 37,965,475 145,453,291
2018 37,974,750 145,398,106
2017 37,974,826 145,293,260
2016 37,970,087 145,015,460
2015 37,986,412 144,640,716
2014 38,011,735 144,237,223
2013 38,040,196 143,805,638
2012 38,063,164 143,378,447
2011 38,063,255 143,018,195
2010 38,042,794 142,849,468
2009 38,151,603 142,785,348
2008 38,125,759 142,742,366
2007 38,120,560 142,805,114
2006 38,141,267 143,049,637
2005 38,165,445 143,518,814
2004 38,182,222 144,067,316
2003 38,204,570 144,648,618
2002 38,230,364 145,306,497
2001 38,248,076 145,976,482
2000 38,258,629 146,596,869
1999 38,660,271 147,214,776
1998 38,663,481 147,670,784
1997 38,649,660 147,915,361
1996 38,624,370 148,160,129
1995 38,594,998 148,375,787
1994 38,542,652 148,407,912
1993 38,461,408 148,458,777
1992 38,363,667 148,538,197
1991 38,246,193 148,394,216
1990 38,110,782 147,969,406
1989 37,961,529 147,721,000
1988 37,824,487 146,857,000
1987 37,668,045 145,908,000
1986 37,456,119 144,894,000
1985 37,201,885 143,858,000
1984 36,904,134 142,745,000
1983 36,571,808 141,668,000
1982 36,230,481 140,823,000
1981 35,898,587 139,941,000
1980 35,574,150 139,010,000
1979 35,247,217 138,027,000
1978 34,965,600 137,060,000
1977 34,689,050 136,100,000
1976 34,356,300 135,147,000
1975 34,015,199 134,200,000
1974 33,678,899 133,432,000
1973 33,357,200 132,669,000
1972 33,055,650 131,909,000
1971 32,783,500 131,155,000
1970 32,664,300 130,404,000
1969 32,548,300 129,664,000
1968 32,294,655 128,928,000
1967 31,987,155 128,196,000
1966 31,681,000 127,468,000
1965 31,444,950 126,745,000
1964 31,139,450 125,345,000
1963 30,712,000 123,960,000
1962 30,308,500 122,591,000
1961 29,964,000 121,236,000
1960 29,637,450 119,897,000

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Fertility rates in Poland and Russia

Fertility rate
Poland

Russia
1x
Year Fertility rate
Poland Russia
2023 1.16 1.41
2022 1.29 1.42
2021 1.33 1.51
2020 1.39 1.51
2019 1.44 1.5
2018 1.46 1.58
2017 1.48 1.62
2016 1.39 1.76
2015 1.32 1.78
2014 1.32 1.75
2013 1.29 1.71
2012 1.33 1.69
2011 1.33 1.58
2010 1.41 1.57
2009 1.4 1.54
2008 1.39 1.5
2007 1.31 1.42
2006 1.27 1.31
2005 1.24 1.29
2004 1.23 1.34
2003 1.22 1.32
2002 1.25 1.29
2001 1.31 1.22
2000 1.37 1.2
1999 1.37 1.16
1998 1.44 1.23
1997 1.51 1.22
1996 1.59 1.27
1995 1.62 1.34
1994 1.81 1.4
1993 1.87 1.39
1992 1.95 1.55
1991 2.07 1.73
1990 2.06 1.89
1989 2.08 2.01
1988 2.13 2.12
1987 2.15 2.22
1986 2.22 2.15
1985 2.33 2.05
1984 2.37 2.06
1983 2.42 2.11
1982 2.34 2.04
1981 2.24 1.91
1980 2.28 1.89
1979 2.28 1.9
1978 2.21 1.92
1977 2.23 1.95
1976 2.3 1.97
1975 2.27 1.98
1974 2.26 2
1973 2.26 2.01
1972 2.24 2.04
1971 2.25 2.03
1970 2.2 1.99
1969 2.2 1.97
1968 2.24 1.99
1967 2.33 2.04
1966 2.34 2.1
1965 2.52 2.13
1964 2.57 2.18
1963 2.7 2.27
1962 2.72 2.36
1961 2.83 2.45
1960 2.98 2.52

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Poland and Russia demographics compared

Median age
Poland

Russia
1x
Year Median age, years
Poland Russia
2024 42.9 40.9
2023 42.4 40.5
2022 41.9 40.1
2021 41.5 39.9
2020 41.1 39.7
2019 40.8 39.4
2018 40.4 39.2
2017 40 39
2016 39.7 38.8
2015 39.3 38.7
2014 39 38.6
2013 38.7 38.4
2012 38.4 38.3
2011 38.2 38.1
2010 38.1 38
2009 37.8 37.9
2008 37.5 37.8
2007 37.2 37.7
2006 36.9 37.6
2005 36.6 37.4
2004 36.3 37.2
2003 36 37
2002 35.8 36.9
2001 35.5 36.8
2000 35.2 36.6
1999 35 36.3
1998 34.7 36
1997 34.4 35.7
1996 34.2 35.3
1995 33.9 35
1994 33.5 34.7
1993 33.2 34.4
1992 32.9 33.9
1991 32.6 33.6
1990 32.4 33.2
1989 32.1 32.9
1988 31.7 32.6
1987 31.4 32.4
1986 31.1 32.2
1985 30.8 32
1984 30.6 31.8
1983 30.3 31.7
1982 30.1 31.6
1981 29.8 31.4
1980 29.5 31.3
1979 29.3 31.1
1978 29.1 31
1977 28.9 30.9
1976 28.7 30.6
1975 28.6 30.7
1974 28.6 30.9
1973 28.5 31.1
1972 28.5 31.1
1971 28.4 31
1970 28.2 30.7
1969 28.1 30.3
1968 28 29.8
1967 27.8 29.2
1966 27.7 28.9
1965 27.5 28.6
1964 27.3 28.3
1963 27.1 28.1
1962 26.9 27.7
1961 26.8 27.4
1960 26.6 27.1

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/poland/russia | CC BY

Interactive Maps

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National statistics comparison

Finance

Poland Russia
GNI, Atlas method
$789B
2024
$2.24T
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
49.4%
2024
36.9%
2024
Education expenditure, % of GDP
4.31%
2022
4.16%
2023
Military expenditure, % of GDP
4.15%
2024
7.05%
2024
Armed forces personnel
189,000
2020
1,454,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-6.59%
2024
-1.6%
2024
Unemployment rate
2.81%
2024
2.43%
2024
Services, % of GDP
59.1%
2024
57.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
27.2%
2024
30.7%
2024
Economic freedom index
68.5
2026
50.3
2026
Income share by richest 10%
22.9%
2023
25.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.3%
2023
3.1%
2023
Number of millionaires n/a
426,000
2025
Percentage of millionaires n/a
0.38%
2025
Number of billionaires
10
2025
140
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.00003%
2025
0.0001%
2025
Listed domestic companies
749
2024
194
2023
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$197B
2024
$650B
2023
Total reserves including gold
$223B
2024
$597B
2023
Personal remittances received
$8.69B
2024
$1.91B
2024
International tourist arrivals
88,515,000
2019
6,359,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
2.63%
2020
1.3%
2020
Banked people share
86.1%
2024
79.3%
2024

Energy

Poland Russia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
2,639 kg
2023
5,601 kg
2022
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$18.4
2023
$7.43
2022
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
276.1 megatons
2024
2,009 megatons
2024
CO2 emissions per capita
7.55 tons
2024
14 tons
2024
Fossil fuel energy use share
84.6%
2023
89.5%
2022
Renewable energy use share
15.2%
2021
3.5%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
3.47%
2023
9.45%
2022
Net energy imports use share
48.8%
2023
-75.1%
2022
Electric power consumption per capita
4,382 kWh
2023
7,184 kWh
2022
Renewable electricity output share
17.5%
2021
19.2%
2021
Hydroelectric share
2.23%
2023
17.3%
2022
Nuclear share
0%
2021
19.4%
2022
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Poland Russia
% of world population
0.45%
2024
1.77%
2024
Annual migration change
-330,820
2025
-251,822
2025
Urban population
60%
2024
75.1%
2024
Male:Female ratio
48.4:51.6
2024
46.4:53.6
2024
Average male height
5.93 ft
2025
5.79 ft
2025
Average female height
5.44 ft
2025
5.4 ft
2025
Quality of life index
77.3
2026
48.7
2026
Corruption Perceptions Index
53
2025
22
2025
Higher education index
83
2026
84
2026
Homicides per 100K people
0.8
2023
7.76
2024
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
9.4
2019
12
2019
Visa free countries
171
2025
123
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.8%
2021
99.9%
2021
English speaking
49.1%
2023
4.84%
2023
People using the Internet
88.6%
2024
94.4%
2024

Health

Poland Russia
Government health expenditure per capita
$2,014
2024
$1,003
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$326
2024
$284.9
2023
Life expectancy
79.2 years
2026
73.7 years
2026
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0.06%
2023
0.05%
2008
Physicians per 1,000 people
4.03
2023
5.11
2022
Age at first childbirth
28.4 years
2023
25.2 years
2013
Maternal mortality per 100K births
2
2023
9
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age
4.4
2023
4.5
2023
Obesity rate
28.3%
2022
24.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
8.1%
2024
5.9%
2024
Air quality index
51
2026
69
2026
Tobacco use prevalence
23.6%
2022
29.2%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
11.7 liters
2020
10.5 liters
2020

Territory

Poland Russia
% of world land
0.21%
2026
11%
2026
Land area per capita
3,235 sq mi
2024
44,053 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
56,294 sq mi
2026
832,826 sq mi
2026
Forest area
36,753 sq mi
2026
3,147,937 sq mi
2026
Roads length
267,065 mi
2024
981,326 mi
2023

In-depth comparisons

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  6. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  7. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2013–2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  9. Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  10. Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
  11. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  12. EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)

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