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Population in Estonia compared to Russia: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Estonia was 1,372,341 in 2024 vs 143,533,851 people in Russia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Estonia's population is 1,339,590 people compared to 141,906,741 in Russia.

Population statistics:

  • Russia's population is 105.9 times bigger than Estonia's.
  • Estonia is ranked the 155th most populous country in the world, while Russia is the 9th.
  • The countries together account for 1.73% of the world: 0.02% for Estonia vs 1.71% for Russia.
  • For the last 10 years, Estonia has had an average growth rate of +0.37% per year vs -0.02% in Russia.
  • Since 2006, the population of Estonia has decreased from 1.35M people to 1.34M (0.54% decline), while Russia has declined from 143M to 142M (0.8% decline).

Estonia vs Russia: population by year and forecast

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Russia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Estonia Russia
2100 831,394 124,983,377
2099 836,965 125,086,144
2098 842,414 125,186,329
2097 847,873 125,264,415
2096 853,472 125,354,177
2095 859,044 125,422,006
2094 864,547 125,474,373
2093 870,136 125,529,632
2092 875,676 125,604,261
2091 881,282 125,652,742
2090 887,028 125,707,894
2089 892,857 125,760,026
2088 898,736 125,810,124
2087 904,914 125,858,116
2086 911,254 125,926,035
2085 917,722 126,001,913
2084 924,458 126,076,414
2083 931,259 126,151,046
2082 938,110 126,234,371
2081 944,978 126,317,768
2080 952,018 126,414,511
2079 959,194 126,534,688
2078 966,496 126,674,591
2077 973,883 126,830,956
2076 981,283 126,982,766
2075 988,735 127,165,304
2074 996,352 127,362,143
2073 1,004,078 127,576,856
2072 1,011,873 127,802,632
2071 1,019,779 128,080,998
2070 1,027,821 128,353,977
2069 1,035,828 128,642,208
2068 1,043,819 128,920,237
2067 1,051,892 129,203,483
2066 1,059,940 129,511,983
2065 1,068,064 129,842,007
2064 1,076,199 130,177,089
2063 1,084,303 130,522,107
2062 1,092,418 130,851,664
2061 1,100,514 131,200,160
2060 1,108,650 131,526,812
2059 1,116,534 131,884,461
2058 1,124,375 132,247,211
2057 1,132,033 132,584,941
2056 1,139,610 132,925,501
2055 1,147,117 133,271,436
2054 1,154,317 133,595,068
2053 1,161,452 133,914,243
2052 1,168,381 134,180,223
2051 1,175,291 134,443,510
2050 1,182,029 134,687,487
2049 1,188,633 134,909,323
2048 1,194,960 135,117,641
2047 1,201,294 135,311,492
2046 1,207,577 135,482,008
2045 1,213,815 135,664,379
2044 1,220,042 135,863,165
2043 1,226,162 136,085,277
2042 1,232,282 136,307,658
2041 1,238,386 136,557,818
2040 1,244,441 136,821,807
2039 1,250,581 137,122,219
2038 1,256,780 137,433,644
2037 1,263,149 137,770,811
2036 1,269,700 138,118,955
2035 1,276,331 138,478,809
2034 1,283,159 138,852,689
2033 1,290,037 139,237,595
2032 1,297,036 139,635,142
2031 1,304,102 140,058,187
2030 1,311,189 140,453,528
2029 1,318,225 140,840,370
2028 1,325,354 141,214,141
2027 1,332,492 141,580,416
2026 1,339,590 141,906,741
2025 1,358,931 142,772,403
2024 1,372,341 143,533,851
2023 1,370,286 143,826,130
2022 1,348,840 144,236,933
2021 1,330,932 144,746,762
2020 1,329,522 145,245,148
2019 1,326,898 145,453,291
2018 1,321,977 145,398,106
2017 1,317,384 145,293,260
2016 1,315,790 145,015,460
2015 1,315,407 144,640,716
2014 1,314,545 144,237,223
2013 1,317,997 143,805,638
2012 1,322,696 143,378,447
2011 1,327,439 143,018,195
2010 1,331,475 142,849,468
2009 1,334,515 142,785,348
2008 1,337,090 142,742,366
2007 1,340,680 142,805,114
2006 1,346,810 143,049,637
2005 1,354,775 143,518,814
2004 1,362,550 144,067,316
2003 1,370,720 144,648,618
2002 1,379,350 145,306,497
2001 1,388,115 145,976,482
2000 1,396,985 146,596,869
1999 1,390,244 147,214,776
1998 1,386,156 147,670,784
1997 1,399,535 147,915,361
1996 1,415,594 148,160,129
1995 1,436,634 148,375,787
1994 1,462,514 148,407,912
1993 1,494,128 148,458,777
1992 1,533,091 148,538,197
1991 1,561,314 148,394,216
1990 1,569,174 147,969,406
1989 1,568,131 147,721,000
1988 1,561,900 146,857,000
1987 1,552,221 145,908,000
1986 1,540,190 144,894,000
1985 1,528,781 143,858,000
1984 1,518,617 142,745,000
1983 1,508,745 141,668,000
1982 1,498,414 140,823,000
1981 1,487,666 139,941,000
1980 1,477,219 139,010,000
1979 1,468,333 138,027,000
1978 1,460,188 137,060,000
1977 1,450,211 136,100,000
1976 1,439,576 135,147,000
1975 1,429,352 134,200,000
1974 1,418,169 133,432,000
1973 1,405,951 132,669,000
1972 1,392,518 131,909,000
1971 1,376,955 131,155,000
1970 1,360,076 130,404,000
1969 1,345,249 129,664,000
1968 1,331,214 128,928,000
1967 1,318,946 128,196,000
1966 1,308,597 127,468,000
1965 1,294,566 126,745,000
1964 1,277,086 125,345,000
1963 1,258,857 123,960,000
1962 1,241,623 122,591,000
1961 1,225,077 121,236,000
1960 1,211,537 119,897,000

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/russia | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Estonia decreased by 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline), while Russia gained 1,965,823 people (a 1.37% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Estonia gained 23,800 people (a 1.81% growth), while Russia's population decreased by 3,108,719 people (a 2.14% decline).

Estonia was ranked 149th most populous country in 2006 and is 155th in 2026. Russia was ranked 9th in 2006 and still ranked 9th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Estonia's population will shrink by 11.8% to 1,182,029 people with a rank change from 155th to 159th. The population of Russia will decrease by 5.09% to 134,687,487 people and rank change from 9th to 14th.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 26.7% of the population in Estonia and 10.5% in Russia.

Population growth rate by year

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Russia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Estonia Russia
2100 -0.67% -0.08%
2099 -0.65% -0.08%
2098 -0.64% -0.06%
2097 -0.66% -0.07%
2096 -0.65% -0.05%
2095 -0.64% -0.04%
2094 -0.64% -0.04%
2093 -0.63% -0.06%
2092 -0.64% -0.04%
2091 -0.65% -0.04%
2090 -0.65% -0.04%
2089 -0.65% -0.04%
2088 -0.68% -0.04%
2087 -0.7% -0.05%
2086 -0.7% -0.06%
2085 -0.73% -0.06%
2084 -0.73% -0.06%
2083 -0.73% -0.07%
2082 -0.73% -0.07%
2081 -0.74% -0.08%
2080 -0.75% -0.09%
2079 -0.76% -0.11%
2078 -0.76% -0.12%
2077 -0.75% -0.12%
2076 -0.75% -0.14%
2075 -0.76% -0.15%
2074 -0.77% -0.17%
2073 -0.77% -0.18%
2072 -0.78% -0.22%
2071 -0.78% -0.21%
2070 -0.77% -0.22%
2069 -0.77% -0.22%
2068 -0.77% -0.22%
2067 -0.76% -0.24%
2066 -0.76% -0.25%
2065 -0.76% -0.26%
2064 -0.75% -0.26%
2063 -0.74% -0.25%
2062 -0.74% -0.27%
2061 -0.73% -0.25%
2060 -0.71% -0.27%
2059 -0.7% -0.27%
2058 -0.68% -0.25%
2057 -0.66% -0.26%
2056 -0.65% -0.26%
2055 -0.62% -0.24%
2054 -0.61% -0.24%
2053 -0.59% -0.2%
2052 -0.59% -0.2%
2051 -0.57% -0.18%
2050 -0.56% -0.16%
2049 -0.53% -0.15%
2048 -0.53% -0.14%
2047 -0.52% -0.13%
2046 -0.51% -0.13%
2045 -0.51% -0.15%
2044 -0.5% -0.16%
2043 -0.5% -0.16%
2042 -0.49% -0.18%
2041 -0.49% -0.19%
2040 -0.49% -0.22%
2039 -0.49% -0.23%
2038 -0.5% -0.24%
2037 -0.52% -0.25%
2036 -0.52% -0.26%
2035 -0.53% -0.27%
2034 -0.53% -0.28%
2033 -0.54% -0.28%
2032 -0.54% -0.3%
2031 -0.54% -0.28%
2030 -0.53% -0.27%
2029 -0.54% -0.26%
2028 -0.54% -0.26%
2027 -0.53% -0.23%
2026 -1.42% -0.61%
2025 -0.98% -0.53%
2024 0.15% -0.2%
2023 1.59% -0.28%
2022 1.35% -0.35%
2021 0.11% -0.34%
2020 0.2% -0.14%
2019 0.37% 0.04%
2018 0.35% 0.07%
2017 0.12% 0.19%
2016 0.03% 0.26%
2015 0.07% 0.28%
2014 -0.26% 0.3%
2013 -0.36% 0.3%
2012 -0.36% 0.25%
2011 -0.3% 0.12%
2010 -0.23% 0.04%
2009 -0.19% 0.03%
2008 -0.27% -0.04%
2007 -0.46% -0.17%
2006 -0.59% -0.33%
2005 -0.57% -0.38%
2004 -0.6% -0.4%
2003 -0.63% -0.45%
2002 -0.63% -0.46%
2001 -0.63% -0.42%
2000 0.48% -0.42%
1999 0.29% -0.31%
1998 -0.96% -0.17%
1997 -1.13% -0.17%
1996 -1.46% -0.15%
1995 -1.77% -0.02%
1994 -2.12% -0.03%
1993 -2.54% -0.05%
1992 -1.81% 0.1%
1991 -0.5% 0.29%
1990 0.07% 0.17%
1989 0.4% 0.59%
1988 0.62% 0.65%
1987 0.78% 0.7%
1986 0.75% 0.72%
1985 0.67% 0.78%
1984 0.65% 0.76%
1983 0.69% 0.6%
1982 0.72% 0.63%
1981 0.71% 0.67%
1980 0.61% 0.71%
1979 0.56% 0.71%
1978 0.69% 0.71%
1977 0.74% 0.71%
1976 0.72% 0.71%
1975 0.79% 0.58%
1974 0.87% 0.58%
1973 0.96% 0.58%
1972 1.13% 0.57%
1971 1.24% 0.58%
1970 1.1% 0.57%
1969 1.05% 0.57%
1968 0.93% 0.57%
1967 0.79% 0.57%
1966 1.08% 0.57%
1965 1.37% 1.12%
1964 1.45% 1.12%
1963 1.39% 1.12%
1962 1.35% 1.12%
1961 1.12% 1.12%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/russia | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Estonia grew by 0.15%, while Russia's population declined by 0.2%.

Live population counters

Estonia Russia
Current population
1339590
141906741
Population rank 155/197 9/197
Percent of world population 0.02% 1.71%
One net population change
4.26 hours
1.8 minutes
One birth every
47.9 minutes
25.5 seconds
One death every
32.8 minutes
18.1 seconds
Daily growth/decline +6 -801
Annual growth/decline +2,055 -292,279
Annual growth/decline rate +0.15% -0.2%
Population growth rate rank 158/197 177/197
One migration net change every
39.5 minutes
2.09 minutes
Annual migration change -13,350 -251,822
Net migration rank 141/196 187/196
Foreign-born residents 203,046 7,605,774
Foreign-born residents rank 110/195 10/195
Foreign-born share of population 14.9% 5.3%
Foreign-born share rank 43/195 91/195

Natural population change vs migration

Estonia
Natural

Migration
Russia
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Estonia Russia
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -13,350 - -251,822
2024 - -7,742 - -178,042
2023 -5,070 5,717 -503,392 27,807
2022 -5,665 39,754 -576,948 765,629
2021 -5,324 7,043 -1,027,702 314,112
2020 -2,659 3,694 -697,177 334,094
2019 -1,327 5,386 -319,997 336,494
2018 -1,322 7,089 -232,637 339,972
2017 -1,713 5,202 -130,764 396,619
2016 -1,316 1,081 0 447,645
2015 -1,315 4,261 43,392 384,756
2014 -1,972 -674 28,848 264,698
2013 -1,713 -2,688 28,761 289,872
2012 -1,455 -3,674 0 285,977
2011 -531 -3,941 -128,716 309,377
2010 0 -3,781 -242,844 307,555
2009 -400 -2,089 -257,014 350,206
2008 -668 -2,034 -356,856 360,840
2007 -1,608 -2,941 -471,257 365,717
2006 -2,559 -5,351 -686,638 308,370
2005 -2,981 -5,208 -846,761 263,541
2004 -3,679 -3,681 -792,370 261,519
2003 -5,072 -3,705 -896,822 256,804
2002 -5,380 -2,889 -944,492 1,358,944
2001 -5,830 -3,280 -963,445 259,614
2000 -5,309 -3,083 -967,540 550,401
1999 -6,117 1,419 -927,453 375,468
1998 -7,208 -3,296 -694,053 528,135
1997 -6,018 -4,066 -769,159 541,387
1996 -5,662 -10,540 -785,248 587,171
1995 -7,327 -12,655 -845,742 723,875
1994 -8,044 -17,984 -920,129 1,271,417
1993 -5,976 -25,501 -757,140 507,229
1992 -1,993 -38,391 -222,808 -1,129,589
1991 -312 -9,712 103,876 125,505
1990 2,825 -2,660 325,533 299,863
1989 5,803 -368 576,112 89,400
1988 6,404 5,256 778,343 269,862
1987 6,829 5,389 977,583 275,611
1986 6,160 5,260 985,279 283,553
1985 4,281 5,097 762,447 280,614
1984 5,163 5,006 756,548 247,026
1983 5,884 4,986 906,676 200,159
1982 5,244 4,832 830,855 107,520
1981 4,612 4,789 713,700 36,686
1980 3,989 4,619 681,149 10,440
1979 3,818 4,521 690,135 -5,791
1978 4,088 7,234 812,766 108,882
1977 4,931 7,189 832,932 122,316
1976 4,319 6,942 852,237 113,851
1975 4,717 6,737 843,850 80,069
1974 5,956 6,594 883,186 -51,759
1973 5,623 6,488 846,561 -107,568
1972 6,267 6,432 872,050 -111,168
1971 7,160 6,392 854,999 -134,968
1970 6,257 6,158 785,554 -264,464
1969 5,515 8,650 753,088 -64,643
1968 5,592 9,403 787,621 -83,221
1967 5,012 9,115 854,554 -116,029
1966 4,842 8,998 989,279 -111,360
1965 5,437 8,851 1,059,335 -138,078
1964 6,897 8,734 1,233,520 -148,595
1963 6,043 8,410 1,436,077 -168,649
1962 6,457 8,248 1,573,701 -177,358
1961 7,228 7,991 1,810,538 -204,349
1960 7,511 7,762 1,962,834 -234,895

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/russia | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 26.1% of the population change in Estonia is from natural causes (a loss of 27,683 people) and 73.9% is from migration (a gain of 78,553 people). In Russia 48.6% is from natural causes (a loss of 3,416,377 people) and 51.4% is from migration (a gain of 3,611,826 people).

As of 2024, 203,046 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Estonia, compared to 7,605,774 people or 5.3% in Russia.

Biggest cities by population

Estonia
City Population
Tallinn 458K
Tartu 97.8K
Narva 53.4K
Parnu 41.5K
Kohtla-Jarve 33.4K
Viljandi 17.3K
Maardu 17K
Rakvere 15.7K
Kuressaare 13.2K
Sillamae 12.4K
Russia
City Population
Moscow 13.3M
Saint Petersburg 5.65M
Novosibirsk 1.64M
Yekaterinburg 1.47M
Kazan 1.33M
Nizhny Novgorod 1.2M
Chelyabinsk 1.18M
Krasnodar 1.15M
Samara 1.15M
Ufa 1.14M

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/russia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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