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Romania vs Russia statistics compared

Updated on by Georank team

Romania has a population of 19.1M (ranked 67/197), compared with 144M in Russia (ranked 9/197). Romania's land area is 88,834 sq mi versus 6,323,145 sq mi for Russia (ranked 80th vs. 1st).

By GDP, Romania ranks 42/197 ($383B) and Russia ranks 11/197 ($2.17T). By GDP per capita, Romania ranks 58/197 ($20,080), while Russia ranks 68/197 ($15,145).

Main facts and rankings

Romania Russia
Population
18839108
141906741
Population rank 70/197 9/197
GDP
$383B
2024
$2.17T
2024
GDP rank 42/197 11/197
GDP per capita
$20,080
2024
$15,145
2024
GDP per capita rank 58/197 68/197
GDP per capita, PPP
$49,077
2024
$47,405
2024
Government debt
$220B
2024
$440B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
57.4%
2024
20.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$11,533
2024
$3,067
2024
Government debt per person rank 48/185 98/185
Average annual personal income after taxes
$13,912
2026
$10,464
2026
Land area 88,834 sq mi 6,323,145 sq mi
Population density
212.1 ppl/mi²
2026
22.4 ppl/mi²
2026
Fertility rate
1.71
2023
1.41
2023
Median age
43.8 years
2024
40.9 years
2024
Life expectancy
76.4 years
2026
73.7 years
2026

Romania and Russia: Comparison Charts

Romania and Russia economies compared

GDP
Romania

Russia
1x
Year GDP
Romania Russia
2024 $382,564,217,989 $2,173,835,806,672
2023 $347,757,995,759 $2,071,505,725,031
2022 $295,319,437,557 $2,291,612,121,335
2021 $285,071,280,114 $1,829,186,719,575
2020 $250,625,048,304 $1,493,075,894,362
2019 $250,080,428,512 $1,693,115,002,708
2018 $241,791,427,224 $1,657,328,773,461
2017 $210,147,385,855 $1,574,199,360,089
2016 $185,290,759,249 $1,276,786,350,881
2015 $177,885,131,240 $1,363,482,182,198
2014 $199,722,319,676 $2,059,241,589,895
2013 $189,798,603,751 $2,292,470,078,346
2012 $179,117,323,107 $2,208,293,553,878
2011 $192,623,977,894 $2,045,922,753,398
2010 $170,064,350,672 $1,524,916,715,224
2009 $174,110,532,659 $1,222,645,900,056
2008 $214,315,932,061 $1,660,848,058,303
2007 $174,588,782,939 $1,299,703,478,482
2006 $122,023,735,993 $989,932,071,353
2005 $98,454,380,120 $764,015,973,481
2004 $74,973,656,852 $591,016,690,732
2003 $57,806,384,143 $430,347,420,185
2002 $46,065,502,703 $345,470,494,418
2001 $40,395,116,581 $306,602,070,621
2000 $37,253,739,511 $259,710,142,197
1999 $35,953,156,754 $195,907,128,351
1998 $41,696,091,974 $270,955,486,862
1997 $35,575,214,078 $404,928,954,192
1996 $36,937,074,278 $391,724,890,744
1995 $37,430,162,103 $395,537,185,735
1994 $30,072,805,104 $395,077,301,248
1993 $26,361,160,450 $435,083,713,851
1992 $25,121,666,667 $460,290,556,901
1991 $28,850,634,900 $517,962,962,963
1990 $38,247,882,300 $517,014,446,228
1989 $41,450,777,202 $506,631,299,735
1988 $40,424,528,302 $554,828,660,436
1987 $38,067,567,568 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Romania and Russia economies compared

GDP per capita
Romania

Russia
1x
Year GDP per capita
Romania Russia
2024 $20,080 $15,145
2023 $18,244 $14,403
2022 $15,504 $15,888
2021 $14,908 $12,637
2020 $13,009 $10,280
2019 $12,910 $11,640
2018 $12,416 $11,399
2017 $10,728 $10,835
2016 $9,405 $8,804
2015 $8,977 $9,427
2014 $10,032 $14,277
2013 $9,498 $15,941
2012 $8,930 $15,402
2011 $9,561 $14,305
2010 $8,400 $10,675
2009 $8,548 $8,563
2008 $10,435 $11,635
2007 $8,360 $9,101
2006 $5,758 $6,920
2005 $4,618 $5,323
2004 $3,495 $4,102
2003 $2,679 $2,975
2002 $2,120 $2,378
2001 $1,825 $2,100
2000 $1,660 $1,772
1999 $1,600 $1,331
1998 $1,853 $1,835
1997 $1,577 $2,738
1996 $1,633 $2,644
1995 $1,650 $2,666
1994 $1,323 $2,662
1993 $1,158 $2,931
1992 $1,102 $3,099
1991 $1,254 $3,490
1990 $1,648 $3,494
1989 $1,790 $3,430
1988 $1,753 $3,778
1987 $1,659 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1987–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Romania vs. Russia life expectancy calculator

Life expectancy
Romania

Russia
1x
Year Life expectancy, years
Romania Russia
2026 76.4 73.7
2025 76.2 73.5
2024 76.1 73.3
2023 75.9 73.2
2022 75.3 72.5
2021 72.7 69.8
2020 74 71.2
2019 75.3 73.1
2018 75.1 72.9
2017 75 72.8
2016 75 71.9
2015 74.7 71.3
2014 74.8 70.8
2013 74.9 70.6
2012 74.3 70.1
2011 74.3 69.7
2010 73.6 68.2
2009 73.5 68.7
2008 73.2 67.9
2007 72.8 67.5
2006 72.2 66.5
2005 71.6 65.2
2004 71.1 65.1
2003 70.8 64.7
2002 70.8 64.7
2001 71.1 65
2000 71.2 65
1999 70.6 65.6
1998 69.9 66.9
1997 69.1 66.6
1996 68.8 65.4
1995 69.3 64
1994 69.3 63.8
1993 69.5 65
1992 69.5 67.8
1991 70 69
1990 69.8 69.3
1989 69.5 69.7
1988 69.4 69.9
1987 69.1 70.1
1986 69.7 70
1985 69.4 68.3
1984 69.9 67.6
1983 69.8 68
1982 69.8 68.1
1981 69.5 67.6
1980 69.2 67.5
1979 69.5 67.6
1978 69.8 67.8
1977 69.5 67.9
1976 69.9 68.1
1975 69.6 68.3
1974 69.5 68.7
1973 68.7 68.9
1972 69 68.8
1971 68.4 68.9
1970 67.9 68.7
1969 67.2 68.6
1968 67.9 69.1
1967 68.1 69.2
1966 68.2 69.4
1965 68.4 69.3
1964 68.4 69.5
1963 67.8 69.1
1962 67.2 68.5
1961 66.4 68.6
1960 65.6 68.3
1959 64.9 67.4
1958 64.4 67.7
1957 64 66
1956 63.6 66.5
1955 63.3 62.1
1954 63 59.9
1953 62.5 58.8
1952 61.8 57.6
1951 61.2 55.3
1950 60.5 55.5

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Romania and Russia population clocks and comparison

Population
Romania

Russia
1x
Year Population
Romania Russia
2024 19,051,804 143,533,851
2023 19,061,062 143,826,130
2022 19,048,502 144,236,933
2021 19,122,059 144,746,762
2020 19,265,250 145,245,148
2019 19,371,648 145,453,291
2018 19,473,970 145,398,106
2017 19,588,715 145,293,260
2016 19,702,267 145,015,460
2015 19,815,616 144,640,716
2014 19,908,979 144,237,223
2013 19,983,693 143,805,638
2012 20,058,035 143,378,447
2011 20,147,528 143,018,195
2010 20,246,871 142,849,468
2009 20,367,487 142,785,348
2008 20,537,875 142,742,366
2007 20,882,982 142,805,114
2006 21,193,760 143,049,637
2005 21,319,685 143,518,814
2004 21,451,748 144,067,316
2003 21,574,326 144,648,618
2002 21,730,496 145,306,497
2001 22,131,970 145,976,482
2000 22,442,971 146,596,869
1999 22,472,040 147,214,776
1998 22,507,344 147,670,784
1997 22,553,978 147,915,361
1996 22,619,004 148,160,129
1995 22,684,270 148,375,787
1994 22,730,211 148,407,912
1993 22,763,280 148,458,777
1992 22,794,284 148,538,197
1991 23,001,155 148,394,216
1990 23,201,835 147,969,406
1989 23,161,458 147,721,000
1988 23,057,662 146,857,000
1987 22,949,430 145,908,000
1986 22,836,841 144,894,000
1985 22,732,999 143,858,000
1984 22,640,547 142,745,000
1983 22,560,478 141,668,000
1982 22,475,741 140,823,000
1981 22,353,070 139,941,000
1980 22,207,282 139,010,000
1979 22,090,488 138,027,000
1978 21,951,464 137,060,000
1977 21,756,096 136,100,000
1976 21,551,634 135,147,000
1975 21,293,583 134,200,000
1974 21,029,429 133,432,000
1973 20,835,681 132,669,000
1972 20,657,957 131,909,000
1971 20,461,567 131,155,000
1970 20,250,398 130,404,000
1969 20,009,141 129,664,000
1968 19,799,831 128,928,000
1967 19,534,242 128,196,000
1966 19,215,450 127,468,000
1965 19,031,576 126,745,000
1964 18,919,126 125,345,000
1963 18,797,850 123,960,000
1962 18,676,550 122,591,000
1961 18,555,250 121,236,000
1960 18,406,905 119,897,000

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Fertility rates in Romania and Russia

Fertility rate
Romania

Russia
1x
Year Fertility rate
Romania Russia
2023 1.71 1.41
2022 1.71 1.42
2021 1.81 1.51
2020 1.8 1.51
2019 1.77 1.5
2018 1.76 1.58
2017 1.78 1.62
2016 1.69 1.76
2015 1.62 1.78
2014 1.56 1.75
2013 1.46 1.71
2012 1.52 1.69
2011 1.47 1.58
2010 1.59 1.57
2009 1.66 1.54
2008 1.6 1.5
2007 1.45 1.42
2006 1.42 1.31
2005 1.4 1.29
2004 1.33 1.34
2003 1.3 1.32
2002 1.27 1.29
2001 1.27 1.22
2000 1.31 1.2
1999 1.3 1.16
1998 1.32 1.23
1997 1.32 1.22
1996 1.3 1.27
1995 1.33 1.34
1994 1.4 1.4
1993 1.43 1.39
1992 1.51 1.55
1991 1.59 1.73
1990 1.83 1.89
1989 2.22 2.01
1988 2.3 2.12
1987 2.38 2.22
1986 2.39 2.15
1985 2.31 2.05
1984 2.26 2.06
1983 2.06 2.11
1982 2.17 2.04
1981 2.36 1.91
1980 2.43 1.89
1979 2.49 1.9
1978 2.52 1.92
1977 2.57 1.95
1976 2.54 1.97
1975 2.59 1.98
1974 2.71 2
1973 2.44 2.01
1972 2.55 2.04
1971 2.67 2.03
1970 2.89 1.99
1969 3.19 1.97
1968 3.63 1.99
1967 3.66 2.04
1966 1.9 2.1
1965 1.91 2.13
1964 1.96 2.18
1963 2.01 2.27
1962 2.04 2.36
1961 2.17 2.45
1960 2.34 2.52

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Romania and Russia demographics compared

Median age
Romania

Russia
1x
Year Median age, years
Romania Russia
2024 43.8 40.9
2023 43.5 40.5
2022 43.3 40.1
2021 43.2 39.9
2020 42.9 39.7
2019 42.6 39.4
2018 42.3 39.2
2017 42 39
2016 41.7 38.8
2015 41.3 38.7
2014 40.9 38.6
2013 40.5 38.4
2012 40.2 38.3
2011 39.8 38.1
2010 39.3 38
2009 38.8 37.9
2008 38.2 37.8
2007 37.7 37.7
2006 37.3 37.6
2005 37 37.4
2004 36.6 37.2
2003 36 37
2002 35.3 36.9
2001 34.8 36.8
2000 34.8 36.6
1999 34.7 36.3
1998 34.6 36
1997 34.4 35.7
1996 34.2 35.3
1995 34 35
1994 33.8 34.7
1993 33.6 34.4
1992 33.3 33.9
1991 33.1 33.6
1990 33 33.2
1989 32.9 32.9
1988 32.8 32.6
1987 32.8 32.4
1986 32.7 32.2
1985 32.5 32
1984 32.3 31.8
1983 32.1 31.7
1982 32 31.6
1981 31.9 31.4
1980 31.8 31.3
1979 31.7 31.1
1978 31.7 31
1977 31.8 30.9
1976 31.8 30.6
1975 31.7 30.7
1974 31.6 30.9
1973 31.5 31.1
1972 31.5 31.1
1971 31.4 31
1970 31.4 30.7
1969 31.3 30.3
1968 31.3 29.8
1967 31.3 29.2
1966 31 28.9
1965 30.6 28.6
1964 30.2 28.3
1963 29.7 28.1
1962 29.3 27.7
1961 28.9 27.4
1960 28.5 27.1

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/facts/romania/russia | CC BY

Interactive Maps

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National statistics comparison

Finance

Romania Russia
GNI, Atlas method
$335B
2024
$2.24T
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
39.9%
2024
36.9%
2024
Education expenditure, % of GDP
3.28%
2022
4.16%
2023
Military expenditure, % of GDP
2.3%
2024
7.05%
2024
Armed forces personnel
128,000
2020
1,454,000
2020
Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
-8.68%
2024
-1.6%
2024
Unemployment rate
5.43%
2024
2.43%
2024
Services, % of GDP
62.6%
2024
57.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.3%
2024
30.7%
2024
Economic freedom index
65.4
2026
50.3
2026
Income share by richest 10%
21.8%
2023
25.1%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.4%
2023
3.1%
2023
Number of millionaires n/a
426,000
2025
Percentage of millionaires n/a
0.38%
2025
Number of billionaires
6
2025
140
2025
Percentage of billionaires
0.00004%
2025
0.0001%
2025
Listed domestic companies
83
2024
194
2023
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$47.4B
2024
$650B
2023
Total reserves including gold
$73.4B
2024
$597B
2023
Personal remittances received
$9.53B
2024
$1.91B
2024
International tourist arrivals
5,023,000
2020
6,359,000
2020
International tourism as share of exports
1.73%
2020
1.3%
2020
Banked people share
71.3%
2024
79.3%
2024

Energy

Romania Russia
Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita
1,601 kg
2023
5,601 kg
2022
GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use
$28.7
2023
$7.43
2022
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
70.9 megatons
2024
2,009 megatons
2024
CO2 emissions per capita
3.72 tons
2024
14 tons
2024
Fossil fuel energy use share
70.4%
2022
89.5%
2022
Renewable energy use share
23.6%
2021
3.5%
2021
Alternative and nuclear energy use share
17.5%
2023
9.45%
2022
Net energy imports use share
28.1%
2023
-75.1%
2022
Electric power consumption per capita
2,585 kWh
2023
7,184 kWh
2022
Renewable electricity output share
44.9%
2021
19.2%
2021
Hydroelectric share
32.2%
2023
17.3%
2022
Nuclear share
19.3%
2023
19.4%
2022
Electricity access
100%
2023
100%
2023

Society

Romania Russia
% of world population
0.23%
2024
1.77%
2024
Annual migration change
-29,041
2025
-251,822
2025
Urban population
52.2%
2024
75.1%
2024
Male:Female ratio
48.4:51.6
2024
46.4:53.6
2024
Average male height
5.83 ft
2025
5.79 ft
2025
Average female height
5.4 ft
2025
5.4 ft
2025
Quality of life index
71.2
2026
48.7
2026
Corruption Perceptions Index
45
2025
22
2025
Higher education index
69
2026
84
2026
Homicides per 100K people
1.12
2024
7.76
2024
Road traffic mortality per 100K people
10.3
2019
12
2019
Visa free countries
170
2025
123
2025
Adult literacy rate
99.2%
2021
99.9%
2021
English speaking
31%
2023
4.84%
2023
People using the Internet
91.3%
2024
94.4%
2024

Health

Romania Russia
Government health expenditure per capita
$1,051
2023
$1,003
2023
Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita
$241.3
2023
$284.9
2023
Life expectancy
76.4 years
2026
73.7 years
2026
Foreign aid share of health expenditure
0%
2023
0.05%
2008
Physicians per 1,000 people
3.63
2022
5.11
2022
Age at first childbirth
27.1 years
2023
25.2 years
2013
Maternal mortality per 100K births
12
2023
9
2023
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age
6.6
2023
4.5
2023
Obesity rate
35%
2022
24.8%
2022
Diabetes prevalence
7.5%
2024
5.9%
2024
Air quality index
50
2026
69
2026
Tobacco use prevalence
30%
2022
29.2%
2022
Pure alcohol consumption per capita
16.8 liters
2020
10.5 liters
2020

Territory

Romania Russia
% of world land
0.15%
2026
11%
2026
Land area per capita
4,663 sq mi
2024
44,053 sq mi
2024
Agricultural land area
49,093 sq mi
2026
832,826 sq mi
2026
Forest area
26,753 sq mi
2026
3,147,937 sq mi
2026
Roads length
53,964 mi
2024
981,326 mi
2023

In-depth comparisons

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  6. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  7. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2013–2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  9. Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  10. Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
  11. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  12. EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)

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