Curacao has a population of 156K (ranked 179/197), compared with 1.82M in North Macedonia (ranked 150/197). Curacao's land area is 171.4 sq mi versus 9,737 sq mi for North Macedonia (ranked 182nd vs. 145th).
By GDP, Curacao ranks 167/197 ($3.56B) and North Macedonia ranks 138/197 ($17B). By GDP per capita, Curacao ranks 56/197 ($22,833), while North Macedonia ranks 88/197 ($9,292).
Main facts and rankings
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
155976
|
1805954
|
| Population rank | 179/197 | 150/197 |
| GDP |
$3.56B
2024 |
$17B
2024 |
| GDP rank | 167/197 | 138/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$22,833
2024 |
$9,292
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank | 56/197 | 88/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$32,693
2024 |
$26,995
2024 |
| Government debt | n/a |
$9.3B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio | n/a |
54.8%
2024 |
| Government debt per person | n/a |
$5,095
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | n/a | 77/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$14,995
2026 |
$7,534
2026 |
| Land area | 171.4 sq mi | 9,737 sq mi |
| Population density |
910 ppl/mi²
2026 |
185.5 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
1.2
2023 |
1.5
2023 |
| Median age |
39.5 years
2024 |
41.6 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
77.3 years
2026 |
77.8 years
2026 |
Curacao and North Macedonia: Comparison Charts
Curacao and North Macedonia economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | $3,561,178,196 | $16,951,682,245 |
| 2023 | $3,281,419,347 | $15,855,131,189 |
| 2022 | $3,075,180,835 | $13,932,436,550 |
| 2021 | $2,739,594,360 | $14,000,283,827 |
| 2020 | $2,534,327,592 | $12,361,036,914 |
| 2019 | $3,026,124,116 | $12,606,338,449 |
| 2018 | $3,046,364,820 | $12,683,068,114 |
| 2017 | $3,033,433,248 | $11,307,067,070 |
| 2016 | $3,024,690,188 | $10,672,467,073 |
| 2015 | $3,058,779,212 | $10,064,519,963 |
| 2014 | $3,059,406,995 | $11,362,265,253 |
| 2013 | $3,033,568,606 | $10,817,702,346 |
| 2012 | $3,012,836,257 | $9,745,261,301 |
| 2011 | $2,930,092,237 | $10,494,626,768 |
| 2010 | $2,951,342,793 | $9,407,170,321 |
| 2009 | $2,869,153,184 | $9,401,736,825 |
| 2008 | $2,833,476,145 | $9,909,552,435 |
| 2007 | $2,593,831,508 | $8,336,474,974 |
| 2006 | $2,457,581,732 | $6,861,226,972 |
| 2005 | $2,344,637,263 | $6,258,602,873 |
| 2004 | $2,237,160,503 | $5,682,784,472 |
| 2003 | $2,202,117,374 | $4,946,296,599 |
| 2002 | $2,160,784,693 | $4,018,365,747 |
| 2001 | $2,143,450,726 | $3,709,636,031 |
| 2000 | $2,120,511,229 | $3,772,859,034 |
| 1999 | - | $3,863,619,285 |
| 1998 | - | $3,765,745,023 |
| 1997 | - | $3,912,986,091 |
| 1996 | - | $4,642,021,256 |
| 1995 | - | $4,707,041,315 |
| 1994 | - | $3,559,608,640 |
| 1993 | - | $2,682,456,897 |
| 1992 | - | $2,436,849,342 |
| 1991 | - | $4,938,775,510 |
| 1990 | - | $4,699,646,643 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY 
Curacao and North Macedonia economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | $22,833 | $9,292 |
| 2023 | $21,218 | $8,674 |
| 2022 | $20,057 | $7,606 |
| 2021 | $17,796 | $7,621 |
| 2020 | $16,300 | $6,660 |
| 2019 | $19,221 | $6,719 |
| 2018 | $19,119 | $6,714 |
| 2017 | $18,938 | $5,955 |
| 2016 | $18,944 | $5,598 |
| 2015 | $19,362 | $5,263 |
| 2014 | $19,623 | $5,925 |
| 2013 | $19,721 | $5,626 |
| 2012 | $19,810 | $5,050 |
| 2011 | $19,426 | $5,417 |
| 2010 | $19,847 | $4,833 |
| 2009 | $19,540 | $4,800 |
| 2008 | $19,423 | $5,026 |
| 2007 | $18,006 | $4,204 |
| 2006 | $17,400 | $3,440 |
| 2005 | $17,032 | $3,121 |
| 2004 | $16,671 | $2,819 |
| 2003 | $16,696 | $2,445 |
| 2002 | $16,724 | $1,989 |
| 2001 | $16,610 | $1,823 |
| 2000 | $15,841 | $1,862 |
| 1999 | - | $1,915 |
| 1998 | - | $1,876 |
| 1997 | - | $1,960 |
| 1996 | - | $2,307 |
| 1995 | - | $2,355 |
| 1994 | - | $1,786 |
| 1993 | - | $1,337 |
| 1992 | - | $1,199 |
| 1991 | - | $2,402 |
| 1990 | - | $2,277 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY
Curacao vs. North Macedonia life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2026 | 77.3 | 77.8 |
| 2025 | 77.2 | 77.7 |
| 2024 | 77 | 77.5 |
| 2023 | 76.8 | 77.4 |
| 2022 | 76.7 | 76.6 |
| 2021 | 75.7 | 73.3 |
| 2020 | 76.5 | 74.5 |
| 2019 | 76.5 | 76.8 |
| 2018 | 76.5 | 76.9 |
| 2017 | 76.4 | 76.2 |
| 2016 | 76.3 | 75.6 |
| 2015 | 76.5 | 75.6 |
| 2014 | 76.4 | 75.6 |
| 2013 | 76.2 | 75.6 |
| 2012 | 76 | 75 |
| 2011 | 75.6 | 75.1 |
| 2010 | 75.1 | 75 |
| 2009 | 74.5 | 74.5 |
| 2008 | 74.3 | 74.4 |
| 2007 | 74.1 | 73.7 |
| 2006 | 74 | 73.8 |
| 2005 | 73.9 | 73.6 |
| 2004 | 73.7 | 73.4 |
| 2003 | 73.6 | 73 |
| 2002 | 73.5 | 72.7 |
| 2001 | 73.4 | 73 |
| 2000 | 73.3 | 72.6 |
| 1999 | 73.2 | 72.3 |
| 1998 | 73.1 | 71.8 |
| 1997 | 73 | 71.9 |
| 1996 | 72.9 | 71.9 |
| 1995 | 72.8 | 72 |
| 1994 | 72.8 | 71.5 |
| 1993 | 72.7 | 71.7 |
| 1992 | 72.7 | 71.3 |
| 1991 | 72.5 | 71.8 |
| 1990 | 72.4 | 71.3 |
| 1989 | 72.2 | 71.1 |
| 1988 | 72.2 | 70.5 |
| 1987 | 72.1 | 70.4 |
| 1986 | 72 | 70.3 |
| 1985 | 71.9 | 70.2 |
| 1984 | 71.7 | 70.2 |
| 1983 | 71.5 | 69.7 |
| 1982 | 71.4 | 69.8 |
| 1981 | 71.2 | 69.4 |
| 1980 | 71 | 69.1 |
| 1979 | 70.7 | 69.2 |
| 1978 | 70.4 | 69.1 |
| 1977 | 70.2 | 68.2 |
| 1976 | 70 | 67.9 |
| 1975 | 69.7 | 67.3 |
| 1974 | 69.4 | 67.1 |
| 1973 | 69.1 | 67.1 |
| 1972 | 68.8 | 65.6 |
| 1971 | 68.5 | 65.2 |
| 1970 | 68.2 | 65 |
| 1969 | 67.9 | 64 |
| 1968 | 67.7 | 64.6 |
| 1967 | 67.4 | 63.8 |
| 1966 | 67.1 | 63.5 |
| 1965 | 66.9 | 62.6 |
| 1964 | 66.6 | 61.5 |
| 1963 | 66.3 | 61.4 |
| 1962 | 66 | 59.3 |
| 1961 | 65.7 | 61.8 |
| 1960 | 65.4 | 60.5 |
| 1959 | 65.1 | 59.5 |
| 1958 | 64.7 | 60.3 |
| 1957 | 64.2 | 55.7 |
| 1956 | 63.8 | 58.5 |
| 1955 | 63.3 | 55.4 |
| 1954 | 62.7 | 55.7 |
| 1953 | 62.1 | 53.2 |
| 1952 | 61.6 | 52.5 |
| 1951 | 61 | 48.5 |
| 1950 | 60.3 | 50.6 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY
Curacao and North Macedonia population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | 155,967 | 1,824,359 |
| 2023 | 154,654 | 1,827,816 |
| 2022 | 153,321 | 1,831,712 |
| 2021 | 153,948 | 1,837,114 |
| 2020 | 155,482 | 1,856,124 |
| 2019 | 157,441 | 1,876,262 |
| 2018 | 159,336 | 1,889,051 |
| 2017 | 160,175 | 1,898,657 |
| 2016 | 159,664 | 1,906,313 |
| 2015 | 157,980 | 1,912,430 |
| 2014 | 155,909 | 1,917,557 |
| 2013 | 153,822 | 1,922,716 |
| 2012 | 152,088 | 1,929,821 |
| 2011 | 150,831 | 1,937,398 |
| 2010 | 148,703 | 1,946,298 |
| 2009 | 146,833 | 1,958,782 |
| 2008 | 145,880 | 1,971,493 |
| 2007 | 144,056 | 1,982,933 |
| 2006 | 141,239 | 1,994,287 |
| 2005 | 137,658 | 2,005,330 |
| 2004 | 134,192 | 2,016,186 |
| 2003 | 131,897 | 2,022,725 |
| 2002 | 129,205 | 2,020,157 |
| 2001 | 129,047 | 2,034,882 |
| 2000 | 133,860 | 2,026,350 |
| 1999 | 139,428 | 2,017,142 |
| 1998 | 144,472 | 2,007,523 |
| 1997 | 146,956 | 1,996,869 |
| 1996 | 146,306 | 2,012,553 |
| 1995 | 145,139 | 1,998,534 |
| 1994 | 144,630 | 1,992,666 |
| 1993 | 144,299 | 2,006,854 |
| 1992 | 143,912 | 2,032,523 |
| 1991 | 144,403 | 2,055,994 |
| 1990 | 145,400 | 2,063,689 |
| 1989 | 146,937 | 2,055,649 |
| 1988 | 149,254 | 2,045,737 |
| 1987 | 151,456 | 2,035,157 |
| 1986 | 152,662 | 2,024,732 |
| 1985 | 152,711 | 2,014,331 |
| 1984 | 151,940 | 2,003,399 |
| 1983 | 151,159 | 1,991,901 |
| 1982 | 150,101 | 1,978,956 |
| 1981 | 148,629 | 1,959,065 |
| 1980 | 148,041 | 1,933,038 |
| 1979 | 147,851 | 1,906,523 |
| 1978 | 148,341 | 1,879,847 |
| 1977 | 149,459 | 1,853,138 |
| 1976 | 149,399 | 1,825,830 |
| 1975 | 149,129 | 1,797,972 |
| 1974 | 148,351 | 1,770,545 |
| 1973 | 146,912 | 1,743,816 |
| 1972 | 147,710 | 1,717,395 |
| 1971 | 147,389 | 1,691,216 |
| 1970 | 144,739 | 1,664,208 |
| 1969 | 142,581 | 1,636,345 |
| 1968 | 140,298 | 1,608,930 |
| 1967 | 138,140 | 1,582,492 |
| 1966 | 136,682 | 1,557,349 |
| 1965 | 135,266 | 1,533,466 |
| 1964 | 133,148 | 1,510,900 |
| 1963 | 130,860 | 1,488,737 |
| 1962 | 128,414 | 1,471,745 |
| 1961 | 126,125 | 1,455,171 |
| 1960 | 124,826 | 1,435,059 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY
Fertility rates in Curacao and North Macedonia
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2023 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
| 2022 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
| 2021 | 1.4 | 1.6 |
| 2020 | 1.4 | 1.31 |
| 2019 | 1.6 | 1.34 |
| 2018 | 1.7 | 1.42 |
| 2017 | 1.5 | 1.43 |
| 2016 | 1.7 | 1.5 |
| 2015 | 1.9 | 1.49 |
| 2014 | 2 | 1.5 |
| 2013 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| 2012 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| 2011 | 2.1 | 1.46 |
| 2010 | 2.2 | 1.6 |
| 2009 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
| 2008 | 2.2 | 1.47 |
| 2007 | 2 | 1.46 |
| 2006 | 2.1 | 1.46 |
| 2005 | 2.04 | 1.5 |
| 2004 | 2.1 | 1.52 |
| 2003 | 2.19 | 1.75 |
| 2002 | 2.3 | 1.79 |
| 2001 | 2.4 | 1.73 |
| 2000 | 2.34 | 1.86 |
| 1999 | 2.29 | 1.77 |
| 1998 | 2.32 | 1.89 |
| 1997 | 2.37 | 1.92 |
| 1996 | 2.4 | 2.06 |
| 1995 | 2.42 | 2.13 |
| 1994 | 2.43 | 2.23 |
| 1993 | 2.44 | 2.26 |
| 1992 | 2.43 | 2.28 |
| 1991 | 2.37 | 2.31 |
| 1990 | 2.3 | 2.27 |
| 1989 | 2.27 | 2.25 |
| 1988 | 2.25 | 2.32 |
| 1987 | 2.24 | 2.32 |
| 1986 | 2.24 | 2.25 |
| 1985 | 2.24 | 2.25 |
| 1984 | 2.24 | 2.24 |
| 1983 | 2.24 | 2.25 |
| 1982 | 2.24 | 2.29 |
| 1981 | 2.25 | 2.29 |
| 1980 | 2.27 | 2.36 |
| 1979 | 2.31 | 2.4 |
| 1978 | 2.38 | 2.42 |
| 1977 | 2.46 | 2.49 |
| 1976 | 2.55 | 2.62 |
| 1975 | 2.66 | 2.69 |
| 1974 | 2.77 | 2.7 |
| 1973 | 2.87 | 2.72 |
| 1972 | 2.99 | 2.87 |
| 1971 | 3.18 | 2.93 |
| 1970 | 3.4 | 3.01 |
| 1969 | 3.61 | 3.1 |
| 1968 | 3.83 | 3.22 |
| 1967 | 4.06 | 3.33 |
| 1966 | 4.26 | 3.43 |
| 1965 | 4.47 | 3.52 |
| 1964 | 4.64 | 3.56 |
| 1963 | 4.8 | 3.62 |
| 1962 | 4.93 | 3.5 |
| 1961 | 5.04 | 3.62 |
| 1960 | 5.13 | 3.83 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY
Curacao and North Macedonia demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2024 | 39.5 | 41.6 |
| 2023 | 39.2 | 41.3 |
| 2022 | 39 | 40.9 |
| 2021 | 38.7 | 40.7 |
| 2020 | 38.5 | 40.3 |
| 2019 | 37.6 | 39.9 |
| 2018 | 38.4 | 39.4 |
| 2017 | 40.2 | 38.8 |
| 2016 | 40.1 | 38.3 |
| 2015 | 40 | 37.8 |
| 2014 | 39.9 | 37.3 |
| 2013 | 39.9 | 36.9 |
| 2012 | 39.9 | 36.4 |
| 2011 | 39.5 | 36 |
| 2010 | 39 | 35.5 |
| 2009 | 38.4 | 35.1 |
| 2008 | 37.9 | 34.7 |
| 2007 | 37.3 | 34.3 |
| 2006 | 36.8 | 33.9 |
| 2005 | 36.3 | 33.5 |
| 2004 | 35.8 | 33.2 |
| 2003 | 35.3 | 32.8 |
| 2002 | 34.6 | 32.6 |
| 2001 | 34.1 | 32.2 |
| 2000 | 33.6 | 31.9 |
| 1999 | 33 | 31.5 |
| 1998 | 32.4 | 31.2 |
| 1997 | 31.8 | 31 |
| 1996 | 31.3 | 30.8 |
| 1995 | 30.8 | 30.5 |
| 1994 | 30.3 | 30.3 |
| 1993 | 29.8 | 29.9 |
| 1992 | 29.2 | 29.6 |
| 1991 | 28.7 | 29.2 |
| 1990 | 28.2 | 28.9 |
| 1989 | 27.7 | 28.6 |
| 1988 | 27.1 | 28.3 |
| 1987 | 26.6 | 28 |
| 1986 | 26.1 | 27.8 |
| 1985 | 25.6 | 27.5 |
| 1984 | 25.1 | 27.2 |
| 1983 | 24.6 | 26.8 |
| 1982 | 24.1 | 26.5 |
| 1981 | 23.7 | 26.2 |
| 1980 | 23.3 | 25.9 |
| 1979 | 22.8 | 25.5 |
| 1978 | 22.4 | 25.2 |
| 1977 | 22 | 24.8 |
| 1976 | 21.6 | 24.5 |
| 1975 | 21.2 | 24.2 |
| 1974 | 20.8 | 23.9 |
| 1973 | 20.4 | 23.6 |
| 1972 | 20.1 | 23.3 |
| 1971 | 19.9 | 23.1 |
| 1970 | 19.8 | 22.8 |
| 1969 | 19.7 | 22.6 |
| 1968 | 19.7 | 22.4 |
| 1967 | 19.6 | 22.2 |
| 1966 | 19.5 | 22 |
| 1965 | 19.5 | 21.9 |
| 1964 | 19.4 | 21.9 |
| 1963 | 19.4 | 21.9 |
| 1962 | 19.5 | 21.9 |
| 1961 | 19.6 | 21.8 |
| 1960 | 19.8 | 21.8 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/north-macedonia | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Curacao and North Macedonia.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$3.52B
2024 |
$15.1B
2024 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
31%
2025 |
36.7%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.44%
2024 |
3.3%
2002 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP | n/a |
2.1%
2024 |
| Armed forces personnel | n/a |
16,000
2020 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | n/a |
-4.45%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
19.1%
2020 |
12.3%
2024 |
| Services, % of GDP |
72.3%
2024 |
56.2%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
12.2%
2024 |
24.1%
2024 |
| Economic freedom index |
78
2025 |
63.3
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% | n/a |
22.9%
2019 |
| Income share by poorest 10% | n/a |
1.9%
2019 |
| Total reserves including gold | n/a |
$5.25B
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$116M
2024 |
$458M
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
1,293,000
2019 |
118,000
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
27.8%
2020 |
3.52%
2020 |
| Banked people share | n/a |
84.3%
2024 |
Energy
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
5,650 kg
2022 |
1,450 kg
2023 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$5.07
2022 |
$17.5
2023 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions | n/a |
7.3 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita | n/a |
4 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2022 |
82.2%
2022 |
| Renewable energy use share |
2.8%
2021 |
19.5%
2021 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
2.15%
2022 |
7.2%
2023 |
| Net energy imports use share |
236.1%
2018 |
63.8%
2023 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
5,029 kWh
2022 |
3,320 kWh
2023 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
18.3%
2021 |
31%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
23.6%
2023 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.002%
2024 |
0.02%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
+470
2025 |
-5,645
2025 |
| Urban population |
91.4%
2024 |
62.6%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
47.6:52.4
2024 |
48.6:51.4
2024 |
| Average male height | n/a |
5.79 ft
2025 |
| Average female height | n/a |
5.28 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
63.7
2026 |
57.6
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
72
2025 |
40
2025 |
| Higher education index |
8
2026 |
63
2026 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
17.1
2007 |
1.53
2023 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
17
2025 |
5.1
2019 |
| Visa free countries | n/a |
131
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate | n/a |
97.6%
2012 |
| English speaking |
60%
2025 |
5%
2025 |
| People using the Internet |
68.1%
2017 |
87.2%
2023 |
Health
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita | n/a |
$639
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita | n/a |
$253
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
77.3 years
2026 |
77.8 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure | n/a |
0.002%
2018 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | n/a |
2.94
2022 |
| Age at first childbirth | n/a |
27.4 years
2022 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births | n/a |
3
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age | n/a |
3.3
2023 |
| Obesity rate | n/a |
28.4%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
13.4%
2024 |
7.4%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
81
2026 |
32
2026 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita | n/a |
4.36 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
Curacao
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.0003%
2026 |
0.02%
2026 |
| Land area per capita |
1,099 sq mi
2024 |
5,337 sq mi
2024 |
| Agricultural land area | n/a |
4,830 sq mi
2026 |
| Forest area |
0.27 sq mi
2026 |
3,867 sq mi
2026 |
| Roads length |
342 mi
2026 |
8,812 mi
2017 |
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2022, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
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