Skip to content

Economy of Germany vs Haiti compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Germany has a GDP of $4.69T compared to $25.2B for Haiti, ranking 3/197 and 117/197 by economy size, respectively.

Germany has $2.97T in government debt (63.5% of GDP), compared to $3.91B (15.5% of GDP) in Haiti.

Germany vs Haiti GDP by year

Germany
Haiti
1x
Year GDP, current $
Germany Haiti
2024 $4,685,592,577,805 $25,224,154,991
2023 $4,562,207,532,490 $19,850,585,722
2022 $4,201,021,706,479 $20,253,551,921
2021 $4,355,251,953,411 $20,944,387,976
2020 $3,941,398,957,074 $14,508,222,518
2019 $3,959,894,794,039 $15,016,090,930
2018 $4,055,433,215,302 $16,403,864,618
2017 $3,765,351,626,106 $15,093,357,161
2016 $3,536,787,895,179 $14,069,277,526
2015 $3,425,099,578,746 $14,849,629,309
2014 $3,964,870,735,761 $15,146,883,498
2013 $3,807,023,797,051 $14,902,488,604
2012 $3,596,483,233,406 $13,708,925,477
2011 $3,823,575,803,794 $13,008,746,039
2010 $3,467,093,769,667 $11,859,312,725
2009 $3,478,545,516,684 $11,597,002,835
2008 $3,808,197,720,125 $10,432,962,635
2007 $3,484,056,680,855 $9,228,637,768
2006 $3,046,308,753,671 $7,638,739,123
2005 $2,893,393,187,362 $7,030,149,730
2004 $2,852,317,768,062 $6,087,360,684
2003 $2,534,715,518,349 $5,071,947,798
2002 $2,102,350,798,306 $6,205,847,214
2001 $1,966,381,496,642 $6,331,970,324
2000 $1,966,980,701,145 $6,813,566,099
1999 $2,213,873,468,587 $4,153,725,884
1998 $2,247,760,364,566 $3,723,903,724
1997 $2,218,790,886,533 $3,338,949,152
1996 $2,506,576,553,158 $2,907,517,604
1995 $2,593,053,091,306 $2,813,313,279
1994 $2,215,282,632,277 $2,167,569,046
1993 $2,078,954,217,438 $1,878,253,767
1992 $2,141,377,582,968 $2,257,129,792
1991 $1,875,792,575,133 $3,473,562,628
1990 $1,778,162,195,860 $3,096,289,800
1989 $1,404,092,925,205 $2,736,243,800
1988 $1,406,367,016,372 $2,613,926,800
1987 $1,302,932,318,825 $2,047,200,000
1986 $1,050,092,624,516 $2,318,000,000
1985 $735,218,723,093 $2,009,400,000
1984 $727,767,760,979 $1,816,200,000
1983 $773,507,930,295 $1,623,600,000
1982 $779,421,633,755 $1,474,200,000
1981 $803,404,797,058 $1,479,400,000
1980 $953,772,499,462 $1,383,800,000
1979 $884,574,218,333 $1,080,600,000
1978 $743,182,891,918 $974,200,000
1977 $602,698,323,086 $947,000,000
1976 $521,658,712,133 $879,000,000
1975 $492,434,094,920 $681,400,000
1974 $446,934,971,657 $565,399,322
1973 $399,833,571,167 $466,798,973
1972 $300,899,944,795 $371,998,958
1971 $250,900,942,397 $362,800,000
1970 $216,629,229,947 $331,200,000
1969 $177,733,486,326 $391,820,400
1968 $156,527,292,653 $367,968,800
1967 $145,100,667,773 $369,124,200
1966 $143,304,275,684 $368,948,600
1965 $134,774,688,191 $353,251,800
1964 $123,330,404,665 $325,281,200
1963 $112,232,503,744 $294,883,400
1962 $105,895,435,234 $281,896,800
1961 $96,558,204,043 $271,066,000
1960 $84,619,845,881 $273,187,200

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

GDP per capita in Germany vs Haiti by year

Germany
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Haiti
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Germany Haiti
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $56,104 $73,552 $2,143 $3,194
2023 $54,777 $71,684 $1,706 $3,292
2022 $50,507 $69,049 $1,761 $3,275
2021 $52,349 $62,531 $1,841 $3,145
2020 $47,395 $58,686 $1,290 $3,103
2019 $47,656 $59,271 $1,352 $3,237
2018 $48,916 $56,273 $1,496 $3,197
2017 $45,554 $54,110 $1,395 $3,339
2016 $42,949 $51,570 $1,318 $3,253
2015 $41,930 $48,545 $1,411 $3,026
2014 $48,960 $47,939 $1,460 $3,076
2013 $47,207 $45,889 $1,458 $3,042
2012 $44,718 $44,229 $1,361 $2,830
2011 $47,631 $43,398 $1,312 $2,858
2010 $42,397 $39,726 $1,210 $2,695
2009 $42,472 $37,574 $1,197 $2,855
2008 $46,379 $38,444 $1,095 $2,724
2007 $42,351 $36,914 $985 $2,647
2006 $36,980 $34,741 $829 $2,504
2005 $35,084 $32,314 $776 $2,427
2004 $34,567 $31,753 $683 $2,322
2003 $30,711 $30,301 $579 $2,331
2002 $25,487 $29,514 $721 $2,248
2001 $23,878 $28,674 $749 $2,230
2000 $23,926 $27,474 $821 $2,229
1999 $26,965 $26,518 $510 $2,201
1998 $27,396 $25,446 $465 $2,152
1997 $27,047 $24,649 $425 $2,122
1996 $30,600 $24,169 $377 $2,070
1995 $31,747 $23,631 $372 $1,989
1994 $27,202 $22,869 $292.1 $1,807
1993 $25,617 $21,900 $258.1 $2,048
1992 $26,560 $21,746 $316 $2,158
1991 $23,443 $21,001 $497 $2,273
1990 $22,386 $19,468 $452 $2,202
1989 $17,829 - $407 -
1988 $17,997 - $397 -
1987 $16,739 - $318 -
1986 $13,511 - $367 -
1985 $9,464 - $325 -
1984 $9,347 - $299.2 -
1983 $9,900 - $272.8 -
1982 $9,950 - $252.6 -
1981 $10,246 - $258.5 -
1980 $12,183 - $246.5 -
1979 $11,322 - $196.2 -
1978 $9,517 - $180.3 -
1977 $7,711 - $178.7 -
1976 $6,659 - $169.1 -
1975 $6,259 - $133.6 -
1974 $5,660 - $113 -
1973 $5,065 - $95.1 -
1972 $3,824 - $77.3 -
1971 $3,204 - $76.8 -
1970 $2,771 - $71.5 -
1969 $2,281 - $86.1 -
1968 $2,025 - $82.4 -
1967 $1,886 - $84.2 -
1966 $1,871 - $85.7 -
1965 $1,774 - $83.6 -
1964 $1,637 - $78.5 -
1963 $1,502 - $72.4 -
1962 $1,431 - $70.4 -
1961 $1,316 - $69 -
1960 $1,162 - $70.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

Germany's GDP per capita is $56,104, ranking 19/197, compared to $2,143 in Haiti, ranking 153/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Germany ranks 20th at $73,552, while Haiti ranks 177th at $3,194.

Economic indicators

Germany Haiti
Gross domestic product
$4.69T
2024
$25.2B
2024
GDP rank
3/197
2024
117/197
2024
GDP growth
-0.5%
2023-2024
-4.17%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$56,104
2024
$2,143
2024
GDP per capita rank
19/197
2024
153/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,552
2024
$3,194
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
20/197
2024
177/197
2024
Government debt
$2.97T
2024
$3.91B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
63.5%
2024
15.5%
2024
Government debt per person
$35,606
2024
$332
2024
Government debt per person rank
21/185
2024
176/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$41,775
2026
$1,896
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$2.04T
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
2,675,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
171
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25%
2020
31.2%
2012
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2020
2.1%
2012
Government expenditure, % of GDP
49.4%
2024
5.25%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.26%
2023-2024
26.9%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
3.37%
2024
14.1%
2012
Population
82575542
12076663

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Germany
Spending

Debt
Haiti
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Germany Haiti
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 49.4% 63.5% 5.25% 15.5%
2023 48.1% 62.4% 6.46% 28.5%
2022 48.6% 64.4% 8.33% 29.5%
2021 50.7% 68% 9.42% 28.9%
2020 51.1% 68% 9.86% 22.3%
2019 45.5% 58.7% 9.59% 26.5%
2018 44.7% 60.8% 11.3% 24.1%
2017 44.5% 64% 10.2% 22.5%
2016 44.7% 68.3% 10.5% 24.4%
2015 44.5% 71.2% 12.7% 23.9%
2014 44.5% 74.5% 14.6% 21.4%
2013 45.2% 77.5% 15.9% 25.1%
2012 45.1% 79.8% 16.4% 24.1%
2011 45.3% 78.5% 14.1% 22.3%
2010 48.1% 81% 12.6% 24.9%
2009 48.3% 72.4% 11.6% 19.4%
2008 44.4% 65.2% 11.2% 33.9%
2007 43.5% 63.7% 11.1% 24.4%
2006 45.3% 66.4% 9.67% 32.2%
2005 46.9% 67.1% 8.75% 29.7%
2004 47% 65% 7.38% 30.4%
2003 48.5% 63.3% 7.83% 37.8%
2002 48.2% 59.8% 6.64% 32%
2001 47.7% 58.1% 6.11% 28.8%
2000 48.1% 59.2% 6.25% 32.5%
1999 48.5% 60.3% 6.91% 24.1%
1998 48.3% 59.4% 5.4% 24%
1997 48.8% 58.8% 5.46% 26.2%
1996 49.6% 57.7% - 26.2%
1995 55.2% 54.9% - 26.2%
1994 48.3% 47.5% - 35.3%
1993 48.3% 45.1% - 98%
1992 47.4% 41.4% - 118.9%
1991 46.5% 39% - 80.7%
1990 44.7% 40.7% - 85.1%
1989 44.3% 39.2% - 98.7%
1988 45.6% 40.5% - 90.9%
1987 46% 40.1% 32.4% 58.6%
1986 45.7% 39.1% 15.1% 26.5%
1985 46.6% 39.2% 17.4% 25.6%
1984 47.2% 38.7% 16.9% 27.3%
1983 47.9% 38% 21.9% 28.9%
1982 49.1% 36.4% 20.7% 25.5%
1981 49% 33.6% 17.4% 23.7%
1980 48.2% 30.1% 17.2% 20.3%
1979 47.4% 28.2% 13.1% 19.8%
1978 47.7% 27.4% 18.9% 20.1%
1977 49% 26% 16.7% 18.5%
1976 49.4% 25.1% 13.4% 14.9%
1975 50.3% 23.7% 12.8% 14.2%
1974 46% 18.5% 9.24% 13.3%
1973 42.4% 17.3% 9.4% 8.92%
1972 41.8% 18% 11.2% 11.1%
1971 40.9% 17.7% 11.2% 11%
1970 39.5% 17.7% 11.4% 12.5%
1969 29.7% 20.3% 10.1% -
1968 28.5% 22.5% 10.3% -
1967 28.8% 22.5% 7.52% -
1966 28.3% 19.8% 7.2% -
1965 28.4% 18.7% 7.91% -
1964 29% 18.2% - -
1963 29.1% 18.1% 8.95% -
1962 29.2% 17.6% - -
1961 28.8% 18.7% - -
1960 22.9% 18.4% 7.34% 21.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1996, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

In 2024, Germany's government spending was $2.32T, accounting for 49.4% of its GDP, while Haiti spent $1.32B, or 5.25% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 63.5% in Germany and 15.5% in Haiti, ranking 72/185 and 177/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Germany

Haiti
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Germany Haiti
2024 -2.66% 6.96%
2023 -2.49% 0.77%
2022 -1.91% -1.75%
2021 -3.17% -2.45%
2020 -4.38% -1.96%
2019 1.33% -1.99%
2018 1.88% -1.13%
2017 1.34% -0.32%
2016 1.13% 0.12%
2015 0.91% -1.47%
2014 0.73% -3.64%
2013 0.12% -3.98%
2012 -0.05% -2.71%
2011 -0.84% -1.43%
2010 -4.42% -1.5%
2009 -3.18% -2%
2008 -0.26% -1.8%
2007 0.15% -1.55%
2006 -1.76% -0.91%
2005 -3.37% -0.83%
2004 -3.42% -1.34%
2003 -3.83% -2.24%
2002 -4.09% -1.8%
2001 -3.12% -1.55%
2000 -1.71% -1.36%
1999 -1.87% -1.54%
1998 -2.65% 0.21%
1997 -3.03% 0.37%
1996 -3.64% -
1995 -9.44% -
1994 -2.54% -
1993 -3.11% -
1992 -2.63% -
1991 -3.21% -
1990 -1.94% -
1989 0.08% -
1988 -2.02% -
1987 -1.85% -4.94%
1986 -1.18% -1.4%
1985 -1.18% -0.97%
1984 -2.04% -3.52%
1983 -2.95% -5.72%
1982 -3.56% -3.93%
1981 -4.03% -4.38%
1980 -3.02% -5.68%
1979 -2.71% -2.21%
1978 -2.62% -3.24%
1977 -2.56% -2.85%
1976 -3.5% -1.16%
1975 -5.78% -1.73%
1974 -1.69% 0.23%
1973 1.14% 0.03%
1972 -0.37% 0.24%
1971 0.16% -0.08%
1970 0.53% -0.19%
1969 -0.43% -0.39%
1968 1.39% -0.46%
1967 2.73% 0%
1966 1.76% 0%
1965 2.26% 0%
1964 1.49% -
1963 1.43% 0%
1962 0.49% -
1961 -0.12% -
1960 -0.34% 0.006%
1959 0.77% -1.11%
1958 1.77% -2.21%
1957 1.99% 0.28%
1956 0.59% -2.18%
1955 -1.41% -0.86%
1954 -0.37% -0.81%
1953 -0.13% -1.01%
1952 0% -
1951 1.15% -
1950 1.81% -
1949 - -0.12%
1948 - 0.21%
1947 - 1.06%
1946 - 0.51%
1945 - 0.47%
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -0.21%
1940 - 0.13%
1939 - -0.16%
1938 - 0.15%
1937 - -0.08%
1936 - -0.06%
1935 - -0.2%
1934 -0.64% -1.23%
1933 -0.43% 0%
1932 -1.11% 0.4%
1931 -1.03% -0.49%
1930 -1.52% -0.52%
1929 -0.9% -0.32%
1928 -1.47% -0.25%
1927 -0.44% 0.73%
1926 -1.3% -0.45%
1925 0.34% 0.05%
1924 - -0.14%
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 0.007% -
1912 -0.26% -
1911 0.06% -
1910 -0.21% -
1909 0.11% -
1908 -0.11% -
1907 -0.14% -
1906 0.76% -
1905 1.21% -
1904 0.41% -
1903 0.88% -
1902 0.08% -
1901 0.91% -
1900 0.27% -
1899 0.6% -
1898 0.47% -
1897 0.39% -
1896 0.63% -
1895 0.47% -
1894 0.44% -
1893 0.42% -
1892 -0.24% -
1891 1.18% -
1890 0.12% -
1889 1.16% -
1888 0.62% -
1887 0.88% -
1886 0.23% -
1885 0.21% -
1884 0.23% -
1883 0.55% -
1882 0.41% -
1881 0.12% -
1880 -0.13% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1990, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

In 2024, Germany's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $125B, equivalent to 2.66% of GDP. This compares to Haiti's surplus of $1.76B, or 6.96% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Germany recorded a fiscal deficit in 46 of those years, while Haiti ran a deficit in 40 years. On average, Germany posted an annual deficit equal to 1.53% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.42% of GDP for Haiti.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Germany

Haiti
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Germany Haiti
2024 2.26% 26.9%
2023 5.95% 36.8%
2022 6.87% 34%
2021 3.07% 16.8%
2020 0.14% 22.8%
2019 1.45% 18.7%
2018 1.73% 12.5%
2017 1.51% 10.7%
2016 0.49% 11.5%
2015 0.51% 6.73%
2014 0.91% 3.44%
2013 1.5% 4.77%
2012 2.01% 5.02%
2011 2.08% 6.33%
2010 1.1% 4.83%
2009 0.31% 0.39%
2008 2.63% 15.3%
2007 2.3% 6.56%
2006 1.58% 11.3%
2005 1.55% 14%
2004 1.67% 21%
2003 1.03% 28.7%
2002 1.42% 7.03%
2001 1.98% 13.3%
2000 1.44% 9.33%
1999 0.59% 3%
1998 0.91% 5.27%
1997 1.94% 20.6%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Germany has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.82%, compared with 13.5% in Haiti. In 2024, inflation was 2.26% in Germany and 26.9% in Haiti.

Top exports between countries

Germany
Export category Export value
Wood & paper products $6.81M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $5.83M
Chemicals & pharma $5.41M
Animal & marine products $3.45M
Machinery & equipment $2.49M
Miscellaneous $1.33M
Raw agricultural goods $554K
Metals $430K
Textiles & consumer goods $248K
Raw materials & minerals $133K
Haiti
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $168K
Chemicals & pharma $154K
Machinery & equipment $80K
Textiles & consumer goods $3K
Raw materials & minerals $1K
Wood & paper products $1K

Balance of trade

Germany Haiti
Current account balance
$270B
2024
-$145M
2024
Current account balance ranking
2/190
2024
92/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+5.77%
2024
-0.58%
2024
Goods imports
$1.21T
2024
$4.27B
2024
Goods exports
$1.47T
2024
$767M
2024
Service imports
$548B
2024
$518M
2024
Service exports
$470B
2024
$96.6M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.7%
2024
18.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
41.4%
2024
3.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Germany Haiti
Economic freedom 71.7 46.1
Economic freedom ranking 30/197 178/197
Property rights 95.5 6.6
Government integrity 84.5 13
Judicial effectiveness 94.6 17.3
Tax burden 60.5 81.7
Government spending 28.8 98.7
Fiscal health 83.1 99.5
Business freedom 79.8 30.7
Labor freedom 52.2 54.7
Monetary freedom 72.5 45.1
Trade freedom 79.4 66.4
Investment freedom 60 20
Financial freedom 70 20

Economic freedom comparison by year

Germany
Haiti
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Germany Haiti
2026 71.7 46.1
2025 71.6 46.1
2024 72.1 48.2
2023 73.7 49.9
2022 76.1 50
2021 72.5 50.8
2020 73.5 52.3
2019 73.5 52.7
2018 74.2 55.8
2017 73.8 49.6
2016 74.4 51.3
2015 73.8 51.3
2014 73.4 48.9
2013 72.8 48.1
2012 71 50.7
2011 71.8 52.1
2010 71.1 50.8
2009 70.5 50.5
2008 70.6 49
2007 70.8 51.4
2006 70.8 49.2
2005 68.1 48.4
2004 69.5 51.2
2003 69.7 50.6
2002 70.4 47.9
2001 69.5 47.1
2000 65.7 45.7
1999 65.6 45.9
1998 64.3 45.7
1997 67.5 45.8
1996 69.1 41
1995 69.8 43

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Germany is 71.7, ranking 30/197, compared to 46.1 for Haiti, ranking 178/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Germany Haiti
Services, % of GDP
64%
2024
48.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.6%
2024
33.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.91%
2024
15.9%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$4.6T
2024
$20.7B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$76,180
2024
$3,190
2024
Total reserves including gold
$378B
2024
$2.72B
2024
Total reserves ranking
10/177
2024
121/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$32.6B
2024
-$20M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$47.6B
2024
$20M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$80.2B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
2.15%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.8%
2021
58.5%
2012
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.5%
2024
9.94%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/germany/haiti | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1996, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1991–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2017–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.