Kenya has a GDP of $136B compared to $26B for Lebanon, ranking 62/197 and 121/197 by economy size, respectively.
Kenya has $94.3B in government debt (69.3% of GDP), compared to $41B (139.4% of GDP) in Lebanon.
Kenya vs Lebanon GDP by year
| Year | GDP, current $ | |
|---|---|---|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
| 2025 | $135,941,278,879 | - |
| 2024 | $120,397,537,850 | $25,971,643,441 |
| 2023 | $107,500,884,685 | $20,078,620,357 |
| 2022 | $114,448,978,153 | $20,992,421,949 |
| 2021 | $109,703,658,905 | $23,131,941,557 |
| 2020 | $100,657,505,751 | $31,712,128,254 |
| 2019 | $100,378,436,207 | $51,605,959,131 |
| 2018 | $92,202,979,985 | $54,901,519,156 |
| 2017 | $82,036,510,877 | $53,027,680,686 |
| 2016 | $74,815,144,164 | $51,147,308,774 |
| 2015 | $70,120,446,897 | $49,929,337,837 |
| 2014 | $68,285,796,514 | $48,095,213,747 |
| 2013 | $61,671,440,408 | $46,880,103,081 |
| 2012 | $56,396,704,672 | $44,016,799,516 |
| 2011 | $46,869,473,151 | $39,927,125,962 |
| 2010 | $45,405,615,064 | $38,443,907,042 |
| 2009 | $42,347,217,913 | $35,399,582,929 |
| 2008 | $35,895,153,328 | $29,118,916,105 |
| 2007 | $31,958,195,182 | $24,827,355,015 |
| 2006 | $25,825,512,284 | $22,022,709,851 |
| 2005 | $18,737,895,513 | $21,497,336,499 |
| 2004 | $16,095,337,094 | $21,159,827,992 |
| 2003 | $14,904,517,650 | $20,082,918,740 |
| 2002 | $13,147,736,899 | $19,152,238,806 |
| 2001 | $12,986,007,426 | $17,649,751,244 |
| 2000 | $12,705,350,098 | $17,260,364,842 |
| 1999 | $12,896,010,459 | $17,391,056,369 |
| 1998 | $14,093,998,844 | $17,247,179,006 |
| 1997 | $13,115,764,358 | $15,751,867,489 |
| 1996 | $12,045,865,396 | $13,690,217,334 |
| 1995 | $9,046,320,255 | $11,718,795,529 |
| 1994 | $7,148,148,564 | $9,599,127,050 |
| 1993 | $5,751,786,643 | $7,941,744,492 |
| 1992 | $8,209,120,763 | $5,843,579,161 |
| 1991 | $8,151,488,783 | $4,690,415,093 |
| 1990 | $8,572,359,038 | $2,838,485,354 |
| 1989 | $8,283,114,514 | $2,717,998,688 |
| 1988 | $8,355,380,879 | $3,313,540,068 |
| 1987 | $7,970,820,369 | - |
| 1986 | $7,239,126,568 | - |
| 1985 | $6,135,034,214 | - |
| 1984 | $6,191,437,070 | - |
| 1983 | $5,979,198,314 | - |
| 1982 | $6,431,579,357 | - |
| 1981 | $6,854,491,706 | - |
| 1980 | $7,265,315,820 | - |
| 1979 | $6,234,391,113 | - |
| 1978 | $5,303,735,111 | - |
| 1977 | $4,494,378,764 | - |
| 1976 | $3,474,542,392 | - |
| 1975 | $3,259,345,083 | - |
| 1974 | $2,969,958,812 | - |
| 1973 | $2,509,001,324 | - |
| 1972 | $2,107,279,157 | - |
| 1971 | $1,778,391,289 | - |
| 1970 | $1,603,447,359 | - |
| 1969 | $1,458,379,417 | - |
| 1968 | $1,353,295,459 | - |
| 1967 | $1,232,559,507 | - |
| 1966 | $1,164,519,674 | - |
| 1965 | $997,919,321 | - |
| 1964 | $998,759,334 | - |
| 1963 | $926,589,349 | - |
| 1962 | $868,111,401 | - |
| 1961 | $792,959,473 | - |
| 1960 | $791,265,459 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY 
GDP per capita in Kenya vs Lebanon by year
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | $2,363 | - | - | - |
| 2024 | $2,133 | $6,644 | $4,473 | - |
| 2023 | $1,943 | $6,317 | $3,478 | $12,575 |
| 2022 | $2,110 | $5,883 | $3,654 | $12,293 |
| 2021 | $2,061 | $5,339 | $4,045 | $11,600 |
| 2020 | $1,928 | $4,793 | $5,561 | $16,260 |
| 2019 | $1,960 | $4,687 | $8,906 | $21,710 |
| 2018 | $1,836 | $4,412 | $9,175 | $21,985 |
| 2017 | $1,667 | $4,177 | $8,608 | $20,964 |
| 2016 | $1,554 | $3,917 | $8,089 | $18,941 |
| 2015 | $1,489 | $3,678 | $7,714 | $17,046 |
| 2014 | $1,483 | $3,359 | $7,578 | $16,140 |
| 2013 | $1,371 | $3,106 | $8,162 | $16,316 |
| 2012 | $1,285 | $2,847 | $8,407 | $16,121 |
| 2011 | $1,096 | $2,750 | $7,835 | $14,975 |
| 2010 | $1,092 | $2,635 | $7,626 | $14,704 |
| 2009 | $1,048 | $2,480 | $7,091 | $13,586 |
| 2008 | $916 | $2,459 | $5,912 | $12,416 |
| 2007 | $840 | $2,481 | $5,125 | $11,356 |
| 2006 | $700 | $2,330 | $4,635 | $10,312 |
| 2005 | $523 | $2,189 | $4,602 | $10,020 |
| 2004 | $464 | $2,066 | $4,601 | $9,609 |
| 2003 | $443 | $1,975 | $4,438 | $8,914 |
| 2002 | $403 | $1,940 | $4,291 | $8,586 |
| 2001 | $411 | $1,961 | $4,010 | $8,289 |
| 2000 | $415 | $1,907 | $3,987 | $7,938 |
| 1999 | $434 | $1,910 | $4,087 | $7,793 |
| 1998 | $488 | $1,895 | $4,125 | $7,861 |
| 1997 | $467 | $1,865 | $3,834 | $7,632 |
| 1996 | $441 | $1,875 | $3,393 | $7,560 |
| 1995 | $340 | $1,818 | $2,959 | $6,796 |
| 1994 | $276.4 | $1,754 | $2,468 | $6,367 |
| 1993 | $229 | $1,723 | $2,079 | $5,871 |
| 1992 | $337 | $1,728 | $1,559 | $5,279 |
| 1991 | $345 | $1,756 | $1,278 | $4,527 |
| 1990 | $374 | $1,729 | $790 | $2,990 |
| 1989 | $374 | - | $771 | - |
| 1988 | $391 | - | $959 | - |
| 1987 | $387 | - | - | - |
| 1986 | $364 | - | - | - |
| 1985 | $320 | - | - | - |
| 1984 | $334 | - | - | - |
| 1983 | $335 | - | - | - |
| 1982 | $374 | - | - | - |
| 1981 | $413 | - | - | - |
| 1980 | $454 | - | - | - |
| 1979 | $403 | - | - | - |
| 1978 | $355 | - | - | - |
| 1977 | $311 | - | - | - |
| 1976 | $248.9 | - | - | - |
| 1975 | $241.2 | - | - | - |
| 1974 | $227.2 | - | - | - |
| 1973 | $198.6 | - | - | - |
| 1972 | $172.6 | - | - | - |
| 1971 | $150.9 | - | - | - |
| 1970 | $141 | - | - | - |
| 1969 | $133.3 | - | - | - |
| 1968 | $128.7 | - | - | - |
| 1967 | $121.9 | - | - | - |
| 1966 | $119.8 | - | - | - |
| 1965 | $106.9 | - | - | - |
| 1964 | $111.3 | - | - | - |
| 1963 | $107.4 | - | - | - |
| 1962 | $104.6 | - | - | - |
| 1961 | $99.3 | - | - | - |
| 1960 | $102.8 | - | - | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY
Kenya's GDP per capita is $2,363, ranking 154/197, compared to $4,473 in Lebanon, ranking 129/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Kenya ranks 149th at $6,644, while Lebanon ranks 123rd at $12,575.
Economic indicators
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$136B
2025 |
$26B
2024 |
| GDP rank |
62/197
2025 |
121/197
2024 |
| GDP growth |
4.63%
2024-2025 |
-7.08%
2023-2024 |
| GDP per capita |
$2,363
2025 |
$4,473
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank |
154/197
2025 |
129/197
2024 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$6,644
2024 |
$12,575
2023 |
| GDP per capita PPP rank |
149/197
2024 |
123/197
2023 |
| Government debt |
$94.3B
2025 |
$41B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
69.3%
2025 |
139.4%
2025 |
| Government debt per person |
$1,638
2025 |
$7,061
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank |
126/185
2025 |
71/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$2,538
2026 |
$3,055
2026 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$22.8B
2025 |
$10.6B
2021 |
| Number of billionaires | n/a |
6
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
30.9%
2022 |
25.6%
2022 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.9%
2022 |
2.8%
2022 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
24%
2025 |
15.5%
2025 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
4.07%
2024-2025 |
14.6%
2024-2025 |
| Central bank interest rate |
8.75%
2026 |
20%
2023 |
| Unemployment rate |
5.44%
2022 |
11.3%
2019 |
| Population |
59218766
|
5921719
|
Spending and national debt comparison by year
| Year | % of GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|||
| Government spending | Government debt | Government spending | Government debt | |
| 2025 | 24% | 69.3% | 15.5% | 139.4% |
| 2024 | 23.2% | 67.3% | 15.3% | 157.9% |
| 2023 | 22.6% | 73.4% | 14.3% | 185.8% |
| 2022 | 23.1% | 67.8% | 12.9% | 235.9% |
| 2021 | 24% | 68.2% | 10.5% | 346% |
| 2020 | 24.8% | 68% | 24.5% | 157.2% |
| 2019 | 24.4% | 59.1% | 31.3% | 171.9% |
| 2018 | 24.5% | 56.4% | 32.1% | 154% |
| 2017 | 25.2% | 53.9% | 30.7% | 150.4% |
| 2016 | 25.3% | 50.4% | 28.6% | 147.9% |
| 2015 | 23.8% | 45.8% | 26.7% | 140.9% |
| 2014 | 23.4% | 41.3% | 28.9% | 138.5% |
| 2013 | 23.2% | 39.8% | 28.9% | 135.4% |
| 2012 | 22.1% | 37.6% | 30.2% | 131.1% |
| 2011 | 20.1% | 35.7% | 28.8% | 134.4% |
| 2010 | 21.5% | 36.7% | 29.2% | 136.8% |
| 2009 | 20.3% | 36% | 32.1% | 144.5% |
| 2008 | 18.9% | 34.3% | 34.3% | 161.5% |
| 2007 | 18.1% | 34.2% | 35.2% | 169.3% |
| 2006 | 17.3% | 37.1% | 36.1% | 183.3% |
| 2005 | 16.2% | 37.4% | 31.4% | 178.9% |
| 2004 | 15.4% | 40.8% | 33.3% | 169.5% |
| 2003 | 16% | 43.8% | 36.4% | 171.3% |
| 2002 | 15.7% | 42% | 36.8% | 163.1% |
| 2001 | 14.9% | 41.3% | 38.9% | 163.1% |
| 2000 | 14.1% | 43.1% | 42.8% | 148.1% |
| 1999 | 13.7% | 38.4% | 35.6% | 130.2% |
| 1998 | 15.3% | 38.5% | 34.7% | 108.2% |
| 1997 | 15.6% | 36% | 40.5% | 100.2% |
| 1996 | 15.2% | 40.5% | 43.6% | 101.2% |
| 1995 | 17.3% | 52.1% | 31.1% | 79.6% |
| 1994 | 18.8% | 57% | 47.3% | 71.5% |
| 1993 | 18.9% | 61.6% | 23% | 50.5% |
| 1992 | 17.6% | 41.2% | 36.1% | 51.7% |
| 1991 | 16.4% | 43% | 35.6% | 67.1% |
| 1990 | 17.2% | 37.6% | 40% | 99.7% |
| 1989 | 16.3% | 33.4% | - | - |
| 1988 | 15.9% | 33.9% | - | - |
| 1987 | 15.5% | 36.3% | - | - |
| 1986 | 15.3% | 31.3% | - | - |
| 1985 | 15.6% | 28.8% | - | - |
| 1984 | 14.9% | 25.6% | - | - |
| 1983 | 14.6% | 26.1% | - | - |
| 1982 | 16.2% | 26.9% | - | - |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1982–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY
In 2025, Kenya's government spending was $32.6B, accounting for 24% of its GDP, while Lebanon spent $3.98B, or 15.5% of GDP.
Debt-to-GDP ratio is 69.3% in Kenya and 139.4% in Lebanon, ranking 59/185 and 8/185, respectively.
Government deficit by year
| Year | Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
| 2025 | -6.41% | 3.25% |
| 2024 | -5.74% | 0.39% |
| 2023 | -5.61% | -1.64% |
| 2022 | -6.01% | -7.49% |
| 2021 | -7.2% | -2.57% |
| 2020 | -8.13% | -7.79% |
| 2019 | -7.4% | -10.5% |
| 2018 | -6.91% | -11.2% |
| 2017 | -7.37% | -8.68% |
| 2016 | -7.45% | -8.98% |
| 2015 | -6.68% | -7.49% |
| 2014 | -5.75% | -6.22% |
| 2013 | -5.25% | -8.83% |
| 2012 | -5.29% | -8.43% |
| 2011 | -3.64% | -5.94% |
| 2010 | -3.67% | -7.47% |
| 2009 | -3.12% | -8.1% |
| 2008 | -1.95% | -9.86% |
| 2007 | -0.95% | -10.9% |
| 2006 | -0.43% | -10.6% |
| 2005 | -0.19% | -8.57% |
| 2004 | 0.5% | -9.83% |
| 2003 | -0.73% | -14% |
| 2002 | -1.29% | -16.2% |
| 2001 | -0.53% | -21% |
| 2000 | 0.38% | -23.9% |
| 1999 | 0.84% | -16.7% |
| 1998 | -0.03% | -17.3% |
| 1997 | -0.91% | -24.5% |
| 1996 | -0.49% | -25.7% |
| 1995 | -0.23% | -13.6% |
| 1994 | -4.14% | -29.1% |
| 1993 | -8.57% | -7.19% |
| 1992 | -8.28% | -24% |
| 1991 | -6.56% | -19.5% |
| 1990 | -3.28% | -30.2% |
| 1989 | -2.39% | - |
| 1988 | -1.97% | - |
| 1987 | -2.27% | - |
| 1986 | -2.98% | - |
| 1985 | -3.05% | - |
| 1984 | -2.55% | - |
| 1983 | -2.17% | - |
| 1982 | -3.07% | - |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1982–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY
In 2024, Kenya's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $6.91B, equivalent to 5.74% of GDP. This compares to Lebanon's surplus of $102M, or 0.39% of GDP.
Over the past 35 years, Kenya recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 of those years, while Lebanon ran a deficit in 34 years. On average, Kenya posted an annual deficit equal to 3.77% of GDP, compared to deficit of 12.7% of GDP for Lebanon.
Inflation comparison by year
| Year | Consumer prices inflation | |
|---|---|---|
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
| 2025 | 4.07% | 14.6% |
| 2024 | 4.49% | 45.2% |
| 2023 | 7.67% | 221.3% |
| 2022 | 7.66% | 171.2% |
| 2021 | 6.11% | 154.8% |
| 2020 | 5.41% | 84.9% |
| 2019 | 5.24% | 2.9% |
| 2018 | 4.69% | 6.1% |
| 2017 | 8.01% | 4.4% |
| 2016 | 6.3% | -0.8% |
| 2015 | 6.58% | -3.7% |
| 2014 | 6.88% | 1.9% |
| 2013 | 5.72% | 4.8% |
| 2012 | 9.38% | 6.6% |
| 2011 | 14% | 5% |
| 2010 | 3.96% | 4% |
| 2009 | 9.23% | 1.2% |
| 2008 | 26.2% | 10.7% |
| 2007 | 9.76% | 4.1% |
| 2006 | 14.5% | 4.1% |
| 2005 | 10.3% | -1.4% |
| 2004 | 11.6% | 1.7% |
| 2003 | 9.82% | 1.3% |
| 2002 | 1.96% | 1.8% |
| 2001 | 5.74% | -0.4% |
| 2000 | 9.98% | -0.4% |
| 1999 | 5.74% | 0.2% |
| 1998 | 6.72% | 4.5% |
| 1997 | 11.4% | 7.7% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY
Over the past 29 years, Kenya has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 8.25%, compared with 26.1% in Lebanon. In 2025, inflation was 4.07% in Kenya and 14.6% in Lebanon.
Top exports between countries
|
Kenya
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Raw agricultural goods | $951K |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $511K |
| Machinery & equipment | $185K |
| Chemicals & pharma | $81K |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $14K |
| Raw materials & minerals | $6K |
| Metals | $3K |
| Animal & marine products | $2K |
| Wood & paper products | $2K |
|
Lebanon
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Machinery & equipment | $7.18M |
| Metals | $1.41M |
| Raw agricultural goods | $846K |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $808K |
| Chemicals & pharma | $494K |
| Wood & paper products | $274K |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $218K |
| Raw materials & minerals | $217K |
| Miscellaneous | $44K |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $3K |
Balance of trade
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$1.55B
2024 |
-$5.64B
2023 |
| Current account balance ranking |
130/190
2024 |
166/190
2023 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-1.29%
2024 |
-28.1%
2023 |
| Goods imports |
$22.2B
2024 |
$16.7B
2023 |
| Goods exports |
$12.5B
2024 |
$3.85B
2023 |
| Service imports |
$5.64B
2024 |
$6.63B
2023 |
| Service exports |
$8.04B
2024 |
$7.92B
2023 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
21.8%
2025 |
58.9%
2024 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
15.8%
2025 |
23.3%
2024 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 55.5 | 43.1 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 128/197 | 183/197 |
| Property rights | 40.2 | 21.8 |
| Government integrity | 32.7 | 23.4 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 47 | 23.8 |
| Tax burden | 76.3 | 90.3 |
| Government spending | 84.1 | 93.3 |
| Fiscal health | 36.2 | 63.4 |
| Business freedom | 61.5 | 47.6 |
| Labor freedom | 56.5 | 48.4 |
| Monetary freedom | 75.1 | 0 |
| Trade freedom | 52 | 65.6 |
| Investment freedom | 55 | 20 |
| Financial freedom | 50 | 20 |
Economic freedom comparison by year
| Year | Economic freedom index | |
|---|---|---|
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
| 2026 | 55.5 | 43.1 |
| 2025 | 54.8 | 44.1 |
| 2024 | 53.6 | 48.3 |
| 2023 | 52.5 | 45.6 |
| 2022 | 52.6 | 47.3 |
| 2021 | 54.9 | 51.4 |
| 2020 | 55.3 | 51.7 |
| 2019 | 55.1 | 51.1 |
| 2018 | 54.7 | 53.2 |
| 2017 | 53.5 | 53.3 |
| 2016 | 57.5 | 59.5 |
| 2015 | 55.6 | 59.3 |
| 2014 | 57.1 | 59.4 |
| 2013 | 55.9 | 59.5 |
| 2012 | 57.5 | 60.1 |
| 2011 | 57.4 | 60.1 |
| 2010 | 57.5 | 59.5 |
| 2009 | 58.7 | 58.1 |
| 2008 | 59.3 | 60 |
| 2007 | 59.6 | 60.4 |
| 2006 | 59.7 | 57.5 |
| 2005 | 57.9 | 57.2 |
| 2004 | 57.7 | 56.9 |
| 2003 | 58.6 | 56.7 |
| 2002 | 58.2 | 57.1 |
| 2001 | 57.6 | 61 |
| 2000 | 59.7 | 56.1 |
| 1999 | 58.2 | 59.1 |
| 1998 | 58.4 | 59 |
| 1997 | 60.1 | 63.9 |
| 1996 | 56.4 | 63.2 |
| 1995 | 54.5 | - |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/kenya/lebanon | CC BY
The Economic Freedom Index for Kenya is 55.5, ranking 128/197, compared to 43.1 for Lebanon, ranking 183/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.
Other economic metrics
|
Kenya
|
Lebanon
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
55.1%
2025 |
35.7%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
16.3%
2025 |
2.63%
2024 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
23.2%
2025 |
1.05%
2024 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$127B
2025 |
$20.7B
2024 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$6,910
2025 |
$11,790
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$12.4B
2025 |
$33.3B
2024 |
| Total reserves ranking |
76/177
2025 |
56/177
2024 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$45.8M
2024 |
-$583M
2023 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$463M
2024 |
$1.84B
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$418M
2024 |
$391M
2024 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
4.82%
2024 |
9.68%
2024 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
39.8%
2022 |
27.4%
2012 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
17%
2025 |
1.44%
2024 |
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1982–1999, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.