The Netherlands has a population of 18M (ranked 72/197), compared with 19.1M in Romania (ranked 67/197). The Netherlands' land area is 13,000 sq mi versus 88,834 sq mi for Romania (ranked 134th vs. 80th).
By GDP, The Netherlands ranks 19/197 ($1.21T) and Romania ranks 42/197 ($383B). By GDP per capita, The Netherlands ranks 13/197 ($67,520), while Romania ranks 58/197 ($20,080).
Main facts and rankings
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
18252623
|
18839108
|
| Population rank | 72/197 | 70/197 |
| GDP |
$1.21T
2024 |
$383B
2024 |
| GDP rank | 19/197 | 42/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$67,520
2024 |
$20,080
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank | 13/197 | 58/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$86,174
2024 |
$49,077
2024 |
| Government debt |
$532B
2024 |
$220B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
43.8%
2024 |
57.4%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$29,571
2024 |
$11,533
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | 24/185 | 48/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$47,815
2026 |
$13,912
2026 |
| Land area | 13,000 sq mi | 88,834 sq mi |
| Population density |
1,402 ppl/mi²
2026 |
212.1 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
1.43
2023 |
1.71
2023 |
| Median age |
42.4 years
2024 |
43.8 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
82.6 years
2026 |
76.4 years
2026 |
Netherlands and Romania: Comparison Charts
Netherlands and Romania economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | $1,214,927,698,573 | $382,564,217,989 |
| 2023 | $1,135,475,867,551 | $347,757,995,759 |
| 2022 | $1,046,540,797,549 | $295,319,437,557 |
| 2021 | $1,054,472,123,450 | $285,071,280,114 |
| 2020 | $932,560,861,701 | $250,625,048,304 |
| 2019 | $928,903,005,576 | $250,080,428,512 |
| 2018 | $929,733,599,797 | $241,791,427,224 |
| 2017 | $848,233,537,846 | $210,147,385,855 |
| 2016 | $797,163,949,290 | $185,290,759,249 |
| 2015 | $775,743,675,303 | $177,885,131,240 |
| 2014 | $901,556,501,756 | $199,722,319,676 |
| 2013 | $883,951,539,007 | $189,798,603,751 |
| 2012 | $845,689,017,066 | $179,117,323,107 |
| 2011 | $913,140,741,333 | $192,623,977,894 |
| 2010 | $852,464,982,433 | $170,064,350,672 |
| 2009 | $878,954,223,140 | $174,110,532,659 |
| 2008 | $957,901,566,041 | $214,315,932,061 |
| 2007 | $853,499,460,873 | $174,588,782,939 |
| 2006 | $737,593,995,289 | $122,023,735,993 |
| 2005 | $688,133,699,636 | $98,454,380,120 |
| 2004 | $661,224,886,143 | $74,973,656,852 |
| 2003 | $582,435,617,082 | $57,806,384,143 |
| 2002 | $475,529,972,123 | $46,065,502,703 |
| 2001 | $432,536,219,669 | $40,395,116,581 |
| 2000 | $417,649,282,154 | $37,253,739,511 |
| 1999 | $447,778,514,140 | $35,953,156,754 |
| 1998 | $438,612,530,549 | $41,696,091,974 |
| 1997 | $417,506,211,882 | $35,575,214,078 |
| 1996 | $451,372,549,020 | $36,937,074,278 |
| 1995 | $452,967,334,614 | $37,430,162,103 |
| 1994 | $379,688,232,232 | $30,072,805,104 |
| 1993 | $354,070,495,966 | $26,361,160,450 |
| 1992 | $363,497,050,125 | $25,121,666,667 |
| 1991 | $327,982,316,124 | $28,850,634,900 |
| 1990 | $318,799,003,994 | $38,247,882,300 |
| 1989 | $258,716,904,292 | $41,450,777,202 |
| 1988 | $262,295,966,105 | $40,424,528,302 |
| 1987 | $245,406,949,521 | $38,067,567,568 |
| 1986 | $201,157,708,221 | - |
| 1985 | $144,057,523,222 | - |
| 1984 | $144,124,462,912 | - |
| 1983 | $153,671,294,109 | - |
| 1982 | $158,712,765,536 | - |
| 1981 | $164,375,775,854 | - |
| 1980 | $195,439,301,707 | - |
| 1979 | $179,933,827,310 | - |
| 1978 | $156,089,077,205 | - |
| 1977 | $127,203,923,857 | - |
| 1976 | $109,329,386,564 | - |
| 1975 | $100,397,061,694 | - |
| 1974 | $87,371,810,804 | - |
| 1973 | $71,946,639,603 | - |
| 1972 | $54,787,070,173 | - |
| 1971 | $44,644,730,576 | - |
| 1970 | $38,220,884,519 | - |
| 1969 | $34,086,038,090 | - |
| 1968 | $30,097,635,751 | - |
| 1967 | $27,143,828,099 | - |
| 1966 | $24,741,480,717 | - |
| 1965 | $22,721,869,808 | - |
| 1964 | $20,232,048,553 | - |
| 1963 | $17,193,744,109 | - |
| 1962 | $15,847,582,341 | - |
| 1961 | $14,599,836,396 | - |
| 1960 | $13,282,979,015 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY 
Netherlands and Romania economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | $67,520 | $20,080 |
| 2023 | $63,516 | $18,244 |
| 2022 | $59,123 | $15,504 |
| 2021 | $60,142 | $14,908 |
| 2020 | $53,468 | $13,009 |
| 2019 | $53,555 | $12,910 |
| 2018 | $53,955 | $12,416 |
| 2017 | $49,514 | $10,728 |
| 2016 | $46,809 | $9,405 |
| 2015 | $45,794 | $8,977 |
| 2014 | $53,457 | $10,032 |
| 2013 | $52,602 | $9,498 |
| 2012 | $50,474 | $8,930 |
| 2011 | $54,702 | $9,561 |
| 2010 | $51,306 | $8,400 |
| 2009 | $53,172 | $8,548 |
| 2008 | $58,247 | $10,435 |
| 2007 | $52,101 | $8,360 |
| 2006 | $45,124 | $5,758 |
| 2005 | $42,165 | $4,618 |
| 2004 | $40,611 | $3,495 |
| 2003 | $35,897 | $2,679 |
| 2002 | $29,447 | $2,120 |
| 2001 | $26,956 | $1,825 |
| 2000 | $26,225 | $1,660 |
| 1999 | $28,319 | $1,600 |
| 1998 | $27,924 | $1,853 |
| 1997 | $26,745 | $1,577 |
| 1996 | $29,064 | $1,633 |
| 1995 | $29,301 | $1,650 |
| 1994 | $24,683 | $1,323 |
| 1993 | $23,156 | $1,158 |
| 1992 | $23,939 | $1,102 |
| 1991 | $21,764 | $1,254 |
| 1990 | $21,322 | $1,648 |
| 1989 | $17,423 | $1,790 |
| 1988 | $17,771 | $1,753 |
| 1987 | $16,734 | $1,659 |
| 1986 | $13,804 | - |
| 1985 | $9,941 | - |
| 1984 | $9,992 | - |
| 1983 | $10,696 | - |
| 1982 | $11,089 | - |
| 1981 | $11,537 | - |
| 1980 | $13,812 | - |
| 1979 | $12,817 | - |
| 1978 | $11,196 | - |
| 1977 | $9,180 | - |
| 1976 | $7,937 | - |
| 1975 | $7,346 | - |
| 1974 | $6,450 | - |
| 1973 | $5,353 | - |
| 1972 | $4,110 | - |
| 1971 | $3,384 | - |
| 1970 | $2,931 | - |
| 1969 | $2,647 | - |
| 1968 | $2,364 | - |
| 1967 | $2,155 | - |
| 1966 | $1,986 | - |
| 1965 | $1,848 | - |
| 1964 | $1,668 | - |
| 1963 | $1,437 | - |
| 1962 | $1,342 | - |
| 1961 | $1,254 | - |
| 1960 | $1,156 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY
Netherlands vs. Romania life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2026 | 82.6 | 76.4 |
| 2025 | 82.4 | 76.2 |
| 2024 | 82.3 | 76.1 |
| 2023 | 82.2 | 75.9 |
| 2022 | 81.9 | 75.3 |
| 2021 | 81.4 | 72.7 |
| 2020 | 81.4 | 74 |
| 2019 | 82.1 | 75.3 |
| 2018 | 81.8 | 75.1 |
| 2017 | 81.7 | 75 |
| 2016 | 81.6 | 75 |
| 2015 | 81.5 | 74.7 |
| 2014 | 81.7 | 74.8 |
| 2013 | 81.3 | 74.9 |
| 2012 | 81.1 | 74.3 |
| 2011 | 81.1 | 74.3 |
| 2010 | 80.8 | 73.6 |
| 2009 | 80.7 | 73.5 |
| 2008 | 80.4 | 73.2 |
| 2007 | 80.3 | 72.8 |
| 2006 | 79.8 | 72.2 |
| 2005 | 79.5 | 71.6 |
| 2004 | 79.2 | 71.1 |
| 2003 | 78.7 | 70.8 |
| 2002 | 78.4 | 70.8 |
| 2001 | 78.3 | 71.1 |
| 2000 | 78.1 | 71.2 |
| 1999 | 78 | 70.6 |
| 1998 | 78 | 69.9 |
| 1997 | 77.9 | 69.1 |
| 1996 | 77.6 | 68.8 |
| 1995 | 77.6 | 69.3 |
| 1994 | 77.5 | 69.3 |
| 1993 | 77 | 69.5 |
| 1992 | 77.4 | 69.5 |
| 1991 | 77.2 | 70 |
| 1990 | 77 | 69.8 |
| 1989 | 76.8 | 69.5 |
| 1988 | 77 | 69.4 |
| 1987 | 76.8 | 69.1 |
| 1986 | 76.4 | 69.7 |
| 1985 | 76.4 | 69.4 |
| 1984 | 76.3 | 69.9 |
| 1983 | 76.3 | 69.8 |
| 1982 | 76.1 | 69.8 |
| 1981 | 76 | 69.5 |
| 1980 | 75.8 | 69.2 |
| 1979 | 75.6 | 69.5 |
| 1978 | 75.2 | 69.8 |
| 1977 | 75.3 | 69.5 |
| 1976 | 74.7 | 69.9 |
| 1975 | 74.6 | 69.6 |
| 1974 | 74.6 | 69.5 |
| 1973 | 74.2 | 68.7 |
| 1972 | 73.8 | 69 |
| 1971 | 73.9 | 68.4 |
| 1970 | 73.6 | 67.9 |
| 1969 | 73.6 | 67.2 |
| 1968 | 73.6 | 67.9 |
| 1967 | 73.8 | 68.1 |
| 1966 | 73.6 | 68.2 |
| 1965 | 73.6 | 68.4 |
| 1964 | 73.7 | 68.4 |
| 1963 | 73.4 | 67.8 |
| 1962 | 73.2 | 67.2 |
| 1961 | 73.6 | 66.4 |
| 1960 | 73.4 | 65.6 |
| 1959 | 73.2 | 64.9 |
| 1958 | 73.1 | 64.4 |
| 1957 | 73 | 64 |
| 1956 | 72.5 | 63.6 |
| 1955 | 72.5 | 63.3 |
| 1954 | 72.4 | 63 |
| 1953 | 71.7 | 62.5 |
| 1952 | 72.1 | 61.8 |
| 1951 | 71.5 | 61.2 |
| 1950 | 71.4 | 60.5 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY
Netherlands and Romania population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | 17,993,485 | 19,051,804 |
| 2023 | 17,877,117 | 19,061,062 |
| 2022 | 17,700,982 | 19,048,502 |
| 2021 | 17,533,044 | 19,122,059 |
| 2020 | 17,441,500 | 19,265,250 |
| 2019 | 17,344,874 | 19,371,648 |
| 2018 | 17,231,624 | 19,473,970 |
| 2017 | 17,131,296 | 19,588,715 |
| 2016 | 17,030,314 | 19,702,267 |
| 2015 | 16,939,923 | 19,815,616 |
| 2014 | 16,865,008 | 19,908,979 |
| 2013 | 16,804,432 | 19,983,693 |
| 2012 | 16,754,962 | 20,058,035 |
| 2011 | 16,693,074 | 20,147,528 |
| 2010 | 16,615,394 | 20,246,871 |
| 2009 | 16,530,388 | 20,367,487 |
| 2008 | 16,445,593 | 20,537,875 |
| 2007 | 16,381,696 | 20,882,982 |
| 2006 | 16,346,101 | 21,193,760 |
| 2005 | 16,319,868 | 21,319,685 |
| 2004 | 16,281,779 | 21,451,748 |
| 2003 | 16,225,302 | 21,574,326 |
| 2002 | 16,148,929 | 21,730,496 |
| 2001 | 16,046,180 | 22,131,970 |
| 2000 | 15,925,513 | 22,442,971 |
| 1999 | 15,812,088 | 22,472,040 |
| 1998 | 15,707,209 | 22,507,344 |
| 1997 | 15,610,650 | 22,553,978 |
| 1996 | 15,530,498 | 22,619,004 |
| 1995 | 15,459,006 | 22,684,270 |
| 1994 | 15,382,838 | 22,730,211 |
| 1993 | 15,290,368 | 22,763,280 |
| 1992 | 15,184,166 | 22,794,284 |
| 1991 | 15,069,798 | 23,001,155 |
| 1990 | 14,951,510 | 23,201,835 |
| 1989 | 14,848,907 | 23,161,458 |
| 1988 | 14,760,094 | 23,057,662 |
| 1987 | 14,665,037 | 22,949,430 |
| 1986 | 14,572,278 | 22,836,841 |
| 1985 | 14,491,632 | 22,732,999 |
| 1984 | 14,424,211 | 22,640,547 |
| 1983 | 14,367,070 | 22,560,478 |
| 1982 | 14,312,690 | 22,475,741 |
| 1981 | 14,247,208 | 22,353,070 |
| 1980 | 14,149,800 | 22,207,282 |
| 1979 | 14,038,270 | 22,090,488 |
| 1978 | 13,941,700 | 21,951,464 |
| 1977 | 13,856,185 | 21,756,096 |
| 1976 | 13,774,037 | 21,551,634 |
| 1975 | 13,666,335 | 21,293,583 |
| 1974 | 13,545,056 | 21,029,429 |
| 1973 | 13,439,322 | 20,835,681 |
| 1972 | 13,328,593 | 20,657,957 |
| 1971 | 13,194,497 | 20,461,567 |
| 1970 | 13,038,526 | 20,250,398 |
| 1969 | 12,877,984 | 20,009,141 |
| 1968 | 12,729,721 | 19,799,831 |
| 1967 | 12,598,201 | 19,534,242 |
| 1966 | 12,456,251 | 19,215,450 |
| 1965 | 12,294,732 | 19,031,576 |
| 1964 | 12,127,120 | 18,919,126 |
| 1963 | 11,965,966 | 18,797,850 |
| 1962 | 11,805,689 | 18,676,550 |
| 1961 | 11,638,712 | 18,555,250 |
| 1960 | 11,486,631 | 18,406,905 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY
Fertility rates in Netherlands and Romania
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2023 | 1.43 | 1.71 |
| 2022 | 1.49 | 1.71 |
| 2021 | 1.62 | 1.81 |
| 2020 | 1.54 | 1.8 |
| 2019 | 1.57 | 1.77 |
| 2018 | 1.59 | 1.76 |
| 2017 | 1.62 | 1.78 |
| 2016 | 1.66 | 1.69 |
| 2015 | 1.66 | 1.62 |
| 2014 | 1.71 | 1.56 |
| 2013 | 1.68 | 1.46 |
| 2012 | 1.72 | 1.52 |
| 2011 | 1.76 | 1.47 |
| 2010 | 1.79 | 1.59 |
| 2009 | 1.79 | 1.66 |
| 2008 | 1.77 | 1.6 |
| 2007 | 1.72 | 1.45 |
| 2006 | 1.72 | 1.42 |
| 2005 | 1.71 | 1.4 |
| 2004 | 1.72 | 1.33 |
| 2003 | 1.75 | 1.3 |
| 2002 | 1.73 | 1.27 |
| 2001 | 1.71 | 1.27 |
| 2000 | 1.72 | 1.31 |
| 1999 | 1.65 | 1.3 |
| 1998 | 1.63 | 1.32 |
| 1997 | 1.56 | 1.32 |
| 1996 | 1.53 | 1.3 |
| 1995 | 1.53 | 1.33 |
| 1994 | 1.57 | 1.4 |
| 1993 | 1.57 | 1.43 |
| 1992 | 1.59 | 1.51 |
| 1991 | 1.61 | 1.59 |
| 1990 | 1.62 | 1.83 |
| 1989 | 1.55 | 2.22 |
| 1988 | 1.55 | 2.3 |
| 1987 | 1.56 | 2.38 |
| 1986 | 1.55 | 2.39 |
| 1985 | 1.51 | 2.31 |
| 1984 | 1.49 | 2.26 |
| 1983 | 1.47 | 2.06 |
| 1982 | 1.5 | 2.17 |
| 1981 | 1.56 | 2.36 |
| 1980 | 1.6 | 2.43 |
| 1979 | 1.56 | 2.49 |
| 1978 | 1.58 | 2.52 |
| 1977 | 1.58 | 2.57 |
| 1976 | 1.63 | 2.54 |
| 1975 | 1.66 | 2.59 |
| 1974 | 1.77 | 2.71 |
| 1973 | 1.9 | 2.44 |
| 1972 | 2.15 | 2.55 |
| 1971 | 2.36 | 2.67 |
| 1970 | 2.57 | 2.89 |
| 1969 | 2.75 | 3.19 |
| 1968 | 2.72 | 3.63 |
| 1967 | 2.81 | 3.66 |
| 1966 | 2.9 | 1.9 |
| 1965 | 3.04 | 1.91 |
| 1964 | 3.17 | 1.96 |
| 1963 | 3.19 | 2.01 |
| 1962 | 3.18 | 2.04 |
| 1961 | 3.22 | 2.17 |
| 1960 | 3.12 | 2.34 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY
Netherlands and Romania demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
| 2024 | 42.4 | 43.8 |
| 2023 | 42.4 | 43.5 |
| 2022 | 42.5 | 43.3 |
| 2021 | 42.6 | 43.2 |
| 2020 | 42.5 | 42.9 |
| 2019 | 42.5 | 42.6 |
| 2018 | 42.4 | 42.3 |
| 2017 | 42.3 | 42 |
| 2016 | 42.2 | 41.7 |
| 2015 | 42 | 41.3 |
| 2014 | 41.8 | 40.9 |
| 2013 | 41.6 | 40.5 |
| 2012 | 41.3 | 40.2 |
| 2011 | 41 | 39.8 |
| 2010 | 40.7 | 39.3 |
| 2009 | 40.3 | 38.8 |
| 2008 | 40 | 38.2 |
| 2007 | 39.7 | 37.7 |
| 2006 | 39.3 | 37.3 |
| 2005 | 38.9 | 37 |
| 2004 | 38.5 | 36.6 |
| 2003 | 38.1 | 36 |
| 2002 | 37.8 | 35.3 |
| 2001 | 37.5 | 34.8 |
| 2000 | 37.3 | 34.8 |
| 1999 | 37 | 34.7 |
| 1998 | 36.7 | 34.6 |
| 1997 | 36.4 | 34.4 |
| 1996 | 36.1 | 34.2 |
| 1995 | 35.7 | 34 |
| 1994 | 35.4 | 33.8 |
| 1993 | 35.1 | 33.6 |
| 1992 | 34.8 | 33.3 |
| 1991 | 34.6 | 33.1 |
| 1990 | 34.3 | 33 |
| 1989 | 34.1 | 32.9 |
| 1988 | 33.8 | 32.8 |
| 1987 | 33.5 | 32.8 |
| 1986 | 33.2 | 32.7 |
| 1985 | 32.9 | 32.5 |
| 1984 | 32.6 | 32.3 |
| 1983 | 32.3 | 32.1 |
| 1982 | 31.9 | 32 |
| 1981 | 31.6 | 31.9 |
| 1980 | 31.3 | 31.8 |
| 1979 | 31 | 31.7 |
| 1978 | 30.7 | 31.7 |
| 1977 | 30.3 | 31.8 |
| 1976 | 29.8 | 31.8 |
| 1975 | 29.4 | 31.7 |
| 1974 | 29.3 | 31.6 |
| 1973 | 29 | 31.5 |
| 1972 | 28.9 | 31.5 |
| 1971 | 28.7 | 31.4 |
| 1970 | 28.6 | 31.4 |
| 1969 | 28.6 | 31.3 |
| 1968 | 28.6 | 31.3 |
| 1967 | 28.5 | 31.3 |
| 1966 | 28.6 | 31 |
| 1965 | 28.6 | 30.6 |
| 1964 | 28.6 | 30.2 |
| 1963 | 28.7 | 29.7 |
| 1962 | 28.7 | 29.3 |
| 1961 | 28.8 | 28.9 |
| 1960 | 28.8 | 28.5 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/netherlands/romania | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for the Netherlands and Romania.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$1.12T
2024 |
$335B
2024 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
44.4%
2024 |
39.9%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.18%
2022 |
3.28%
2022 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.92%
2024 |
2.3%
2024 |
| Armed forces personnel |
41,000
2020 |
128,000
2020 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-0.94%
2024 |
-8.68%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
3.64%
2024 |
5.43%
2024 |
| Services, % of GDP |
70.5%
2024 |
62.6%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
17.5%
2024 |
25.3%
2024 |
| Economic freedom index |
78.5
2026 |
65.4
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
21.4%
2021 |
21.8%
2023 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.6%
2021 |
2.4%
2023 |
| Number of millionaires |
1,267,000
2025 |
n/a |
| Percentage of millionaires |
8.87%
2025 |
n/a |
| Number of billionaires |
13
2025 |
6
2025 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.00009%
2025 |
0.00004%
2025 |
| Listed domestic companies |
103
2018 |
83
2024 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$1.1T
2017 |
$47.4B
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$79.1B
2024 |
$73.4B
2024 |
| Personal remittances received |
$4.72B
2024 |
$9.53B
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
7,265,000
2020 |
5,023,000
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
1.44%
2020 |
1.73%
2020 |
| Banked people share |
99.2%
2024 |
71.3%
2024 |
Energy
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
3,418 kg
2023 |
1,601 kg
2023 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$23.9
2023 |
$28.7
2023 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
118.8 megatons
2024 |
70.9 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
6.6 tons
2024 |
3.72 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
83.5%
2023 |
70.4%
2022 |
| Renewable energy use share |
12.2%
2021 |
23.6%
2021 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
9.01%
2023 |
17.5%
2023 |
| Net energy imports use share |
87%
2023 |
28.1%
2023 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
6,189 kWh
2023 |
2,585 kWh
2023 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
33.1%
2021 |
44.9%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0.06%
2023 |
32.2%
2023 |
| Nuclear share |
3.28%
2023 |
19.3%
2023 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.22%
2024 |
0.23%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
+104,681
2025 |
-29,041
2025 |
| Urban population |
95.6%
2024 |
52.2%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
49.7:50.3
2024 |
48.4:51.6
2024 |
| Average male height |
6.03 ft
2025 |
5.83 ft
2025 |
| Average female height |
5.59 ft
2025 |
5.4 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
94.4
2026 |
71.2
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
78
2025 |
45
2025 |
| Higher education index |
96
2026 |
69
2026 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0.69
2023 |
1.12
2024 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
4
2019 |
10.3
2019 |
| Visa free countries |
172
2025 |
170
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99%
2003 |
99.2%
2021 |
| English speaking |
90.9%
2023 |
31%
2023 |
| People using the Internet |
97%
2023 |
91.3%
2024 |
Health
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$6,845
2024 |
$1,051
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$807
2024 |
$241.3
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
82.6 years
2026 |
76.4 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.01%
2023 |
0%
2023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.88
2022 |
3.63
2022 |
| Age at first childbirth |
30.4 years
2023 |
27.1 years
2023 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
4
2023 |
12
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
4
2023 |
6.6
2023 |
| Obesity rate |
15%
2022 |
35%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
5%
2024 |
7.5%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
76
2026 |
50
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
21.3%
2022 |
30%
2022 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
8.71 liters
2020 |
16.8 liters
2020 |
Territory
|
Netherlands
|
Romania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.02%
2026 |
0.15%
2026 |
| Land area per capita |
722 sq mi
2024 |
4,663 sq mi
2024 |
| Agricultural land area |
6,961 sq mi
2026 |
49,093 sq mi
2026 |
| Forest area |
1,437 sq mi
2026 |
26,753 sq mi
2026 |
| Roads length |
88,123 mi
2022 |
53,964 mi
2024 |
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.