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Economy of Albania vs Ethiopia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Albania has a GDP of $27.2B compared to $127B for Ethiopia, ranking 112/197 and 62/197 by economy size, respectively.

Albania has $15.1B in government debt (54.3% of GDP), compared to $59.5B (41.8% of GDP) in Ethiopia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Albania
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Ethiopia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Albania Ethiopia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $1,610,511,694 -
1961 - - $1,680,859,514 $5,263,329,226
1962 - - $1,747,566,307 $5,491,025,655
1963 - - $1,825,058,828 $5,739,145,004
1964 - - $1,984,129,186 $5,973,903,904
1965 - - $2,159,998,591 $6,318,713,576
1966 - - $2,324,466,416 $6,777,237,222
1967 - - $2,461,762,003 $7,052,500,667
1968 - - $2,619,948,865 $7,344,628,492
1969 - - $2,768,987,372 $7,446,620,220
1970 - - $3,045,354,455 $7,705,965,803
1971 - - $3,224,280,835 $8,208,893,824
1972 - - $3,520,252,938 $8,555,896,867
1973 - - $4,070,570,550 $8,993,092,032
1974 - - $4,577,209,966 $9,287,495,138
1975 - - $4,577,047,854 $9,403,229,560
1976 - - $4,943,806,093 $9,417,222,536
1977 - - $5,651,840,585 $9,673,906,040
1978 - - $6,014,961,435 $9,938,971,678
1979 - - $6,586,048,398 $9,829,567,086
1980 $1,578,102,105 $4,872,357,833 $7,012,585,454 $10,461,034,809
1981 $1,808,177,156 $5,152,305,745 $7,507,663,567 $10,919,390,083
1982 $1,861,163,170 $5,304,226,467 $7,899,988,841 $11,019,413,210
1983 $1,881,412,587 $5,362,834,895 $8,781,664,427 $11,926,862,518
1984 $1,857,337,995 $5,295,713,833 $8,298,309,581 $11,587,182,915
1985 $1,897,050,117 $5,390,011,642 $9,717,392,687 $10,295,866,350
1986 $2,097,326,250 $5,693,859,705 $10,094,328,898 $11,290,613,046
1987 $2,080,796,250 $5,649,001,050 $10,790,001,558 $12,855,416,412
1988 $2,051,236,250 $5,568,782,995 $11,181,119,718 $12,920,165,915
1989 $2,253,090,000 $6,116,559,061 $11,762,932,007 $12,873,518,408
1990 $2,028,553,750 $5,530,859,375 $12,478,943,895 $13,224,508,680
1991 $1,099,559,028 $3,982,100,298 $13,799,799,324 $12,280,612,058
1992 $652,174,991 $3,695,902,333 $10,754,799,037 $11,215,578,415
1993 $1,185,315,468 $4,049,208,852 $9,051,043,870 $12,689,623,266
1994 $1,880,950,864 $4,385,409,261 $7,100,806,754 $13,094,417,753
1995 $2,905,092,799 $4,969,648,101 $7,855,205,207 $13,896,779,696
1996 $3,234,486,232 $5,334,237,833 $8,761,215,548 $15,623,617,690
1997 $2,293,666,030 $4,709,514,660 $8,803,539,988 $16,113,247,316
1998 $2,600,356,999 $5,100,876,515 $8,013,274,132 $15,556,028,804
1999 $3,283,941,510 $5,725,771,033 $7,892,973,532 $16,359,053,695
2000 $3,584,570,165 $6,153,077,236 $8,242,349,618 $17,352,574,604
2001 $4,059,064,033 $6,698,469,429 $8,231,326,016 $18,793,064,976
2002 $4,515,003,117 $7,008,501,112 $7,850,809,498 $19,077,728,362
2003 $5,801,712,040 $7,382,282,997 $8,623,691,300 $18,665,390,026
2004 $7,406,645,793 $7,771,053,342 $10,131,187,261 $21,198,769,338
2005 $8,256,658,250 $8,169,772,251 $12,401,139,454 $23,704,202,269
2006 $9,150,528,132 $8,661,509,310 $15,280,861,835 $26,272,487,888
2007 $11,116,937,870 $9,224,515,437 $19,707,616,773 $29,282,307,976
2008 $13,258,506,375 $9,861,658,465 $27,066,912,635 $32,441,436,122
2009 $12,335,540,656 $10,127,011,191 $32,437,389,116 $35,297,110,795
2010 $12,086,545,641 $10,428,102,872 $29,933,790,334 $39,727,088,220
2011 $12,973,755,875 $10,685,000,943 $31,952,763,089 $44,167,899,824
2012 $12,246,499,748 $10,790,155,230 $43,310,721,414 $47,987,456,603
2013 $12,796,985,886 $10,974,367,815 $47,648,276,605 $53,065,618,850
2014 $13,296,322,588 $11,220,218,561 $55,612,228,234 $58,508,820,968
2015 $11,470,171,827 $11,470,171,827 $64,589,328,551 $64,589,328,551
2016 $11,988,668,785 $11,918,533,447 $74,296,766,562 $70,682,351,658
2017 $13,258,268,436 $12,309,839,869 $81,770,885,148 $77,442,545,825
2018 $15,379,508,330 $12,761,785,703 $84,269,180,857 $82,721,144,198
2019 $15,585,111,614 $13,025,007,475 $95,912,620,248 $89,640,011,618
2020 $15,241,455,556 $12,593,390,460 $107,657,732,424 $95,071,775,812
2021 $18,032,009,220 $13,722,964,212 $111,261,888,669 $100,435,279,224
2022 $19,017,244,117 $14,385,329,994 $126,772,707,851 $105,780,203,624
2023 $23,547,180,412 $14,951,625,324 - $112,755,610,463
2024 $27,177,735,528 $15,543,966,722 - $121,005,590,211

Economic indicators

Albania Ethiopia
Gross domestic product
$27.2B
2024
$127B
2022
GDP rank
112/197
2024
62/197
2022
GDP growth
15.4%
2023-2024
13.9%
2021-2022
GDP per capita
$10,012
2024
$1,011
2022
GDP per capita rank
86/197
2024
176/197
2022
GDP per capita, PPP
$23,488
2024
$3,278
2024
Government debt
$15.1B
2024
$59.5B
2022
Debt-to-GDP ratio
54.3%
2025
41.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,572
2024
$474
2022
Government debt per person rank
76/185
2024
168/185
2022
Average annual personal income after taxes
$8,376
2025
$2,273
2025
Number of billionaires
1
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.8%
2020
24.8%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.4%
2020
3.5%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
30.5%
2025
11.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.3%
2024-2025
21%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
2.5%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
10.7%
2023
3.94%
2021
Population
2694925
138227398

GDP per capita in Albania vs Ethiopia

Albania's GDP per capita is $10,012, ranking 86/197, compared to $1,011 in Ethiopia, ranking 176/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Albania ranks 83rd at $23,488, while Ethiopia ranks 174th at $3,278.

Albania
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Ethiopia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Albania Ethiopia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $75.3 -
1961 - - $76.7 -
1962 - - $77.8 -
1963 - - $79.2 -
1964 - - $83.8 -
1965 - - $88.9 -
1966 - - $93.2 -
1967 - - $96.1 -
1968 - - $99.5 -
1969 - - $102.3 -
1970 - - $109.4 -
1971 - - $112.7 -
1972 - - $119.8 -
1973 - - $134.9 -
1974 - - $147.9 -
1975 - - $144.3 -
1976 - - $152 -
1977 - - $170.4 -
1978 - - $178.3 -
1979 - - $192.4 -
1980 $591 - $203.7 -
1981 $663 - $212.7 -
1982 $668 - $215.3 -
1983 $662 - $232.7 -
1984 $639 - $214.2 -
1985 $640 - $243.9 -
1986 $694 - $246 -
1987 $675 - $254.1 -
1988 $653 - $253.2 -
1989 $698 - $256.4 -
1990 $617 $2,655 $262.1 $417
1991 $337 $1,988 $277.6 $383
1992 $200.9 $1,899 $207.4 $343
1993 $367 $2,143 $168.5 $384
1994 $586 $2,385 $127.7 $391
1995 $911 $2,776 $136.5 $409
1996 $1,021 $3,053 $147.3 $453
1997 $729 $2,759 $143.4 $461
1998 $831 $3,086 $126.5 $436
1999 $1,056 $3,549 $120.7 $450
2000 $1,160 $3,977 $122.3 $474
2001 $1,326 $4,451 $118.5 $509
2002 $1,480 $4,840 $109.6 $509
2003 $1,909 $5,170 $116.8 $493
2004 $2,447 $5,596 $133.2 $558
2005 $2,742 $6,014 $158.2 $625
2006 $3,058 $6,754 $189.3 $693
2007 $3,743 $7,585 $237.1 $770
2008 $4,499 $8,469 $316 $845
2009 $4,214 $9,026 $369 $899
2010 $4,149 $9,756 $331 $996
2011 $4,466 $10,273 $343 $1,098
2012 $4,222 $10,464 $452 $1,179
2013 $4,420 $10,588 $484 $1,253
2014 $4,602 $11,317 $550 $1,485
2015 $3,982 $11,747 $622 $1,633
2016 $4,168 $12,208 $696 $1,858
2017 $4,614 $13,005 $746 $2,005
2018 $5,365 $13,697 $748 $2,095
2019 $5,460 $14,792 $829 $2,242
2020 $5,371 $14,512 $905 $2,407
2021 $6,413 $16,128 $911 $2,588
2022 $6,846 $19,446 $1,011 $2,845
2023 $8,575 $21,263 - $3,061
2024 $10,012 $23,488 - $3,278

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Albania's government spending was $7.75B, accounting for 30.5% of its GDP, while Ethiopia's spent $16.1B, or 11.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 54.3% in Albania and 41.8% in Ethiopia, ranking 99/185 and 131/185, respectively.

Albania
Government spending

Government debt
Ethiopia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Albania Ethiopia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1980 - - 13.5% 18.5%
1981 - - 14.2% 30.6%
1982 - - 16.4% 48.8%
1983 - - 21.3% 55.2%
1984 - - 18.8% 65.4%
1985 - - 19.7% 67.7%
1986 - - 19.8% 75.7%
1987 - - 18.4% 82.3%
1988 - - 21.6% 84.3%
1989 - - 24% 84.7%
1990 - - 20.3% 91.6%
1991 - - 16.8% 89.3%
1992 - - 13.8% 85.4%
1993 - - 13.4% 136.9%
1994 - - 17.1% 150.7%
1995 - - 16.9% 142.3%
1996 - - 18.2% 129%
1997 29.9% 71.3% 17.3% 77.4%
1998 36.3% 70.3% 20.4% 86%
1999 36.7% 67.4% 25.8% 94.3%
2000 33.4% 63% 25.6% 93.6%
2001 32.3% 59.9% 22.4% 97.3%
2002 31.2% 63.3% 24.9% 107.4%
2003 29.3% 59.5% 27% 103.7%
2004 29.8% 56.8% 23.1% 103.1%
2005 28.6% 57.5% 22.9% 78.2%
2006 28.8% 56% 22.1% 79.6%
2007 29% 52.9% 20.5% 55.7%
2008 31.4% 54.5% 18.8% 56.1%
2009 32.3% 59% 17.1% 30%
2010 29% 57% 18.5% 39.4%
2011 28.6% 58.7% 18.2% 44.6%
2012 27.9% 61.4% 16.6% 39.4%
2013 28.8% 69.6% 17.8% 44.1%
2014 31.4% 71.1% 17.5% 44.2%
2015 30.4% 72.8% 17.3% 50.7%
2016 28.8% 72.5% 17.9% 51.8%
2017 28.8% 71% 18% 55.3%
2018 28.7% 68.7% 16.1% 58.4%
2019 28.8% 66.6% 15.4% 54.7%
2020 32.4% 75.4% 14.5% 53.7%
2021 31.9% 74.8% 13.8% 53.8%
2022 30.3% 65.2% 12.7% 46.9%
2023 28.5% 58.4% 10.8% 38.7%
2024 28.5% 55.7% 9.54% 32.3%
2025 30.5% 54.3% 11.6% 41.8%

Government deficit by year

In 2022, Albania's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$692M, equivalent to -3.64% of GDP. This compares to Ethiopia's deficit of -$5.27B, or -4.16% of GDP.

Over the past 26 years, Albania recorded a fiscal deficit in 26 of those years, while Ethiopia ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Albania posted an annual deficit equal to -4.94% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.34% of GDP for Ethiopia.

Deficit/surplus
Albania

Ethiopia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Albania Ethiopia
1980 - -2.56%
1981 - -2.19%
1982 - -3.6%
1983 - -7.59%
1984 - -3.69%
1985 - -4.71%
1986 - -3.98%
1987 - -3.54%
1988 - -3.48%
1989 - -4.33%
1990 - -6.66%
1991 - -5.83%
1992 - -4.78%
1993 - -4%
1994 - -5.23%
1995 - -2.68%
1996 - -3.81%
1997 -11.8% -1.7%
1998 -9.81% -3.51%
1999 -8.74% -8.23%
2000 -7.68% -8.88%
2001 -6.76% -3.76%
2002 -6.14% -5.76%
2003 -4.95% -5.59%
2004 -5.1% -2.65%
2005 -3.42% -4.12%
2006 -3.22% -3.79%
2007 -3.14% -3.57%
2008 -4.83% -2.88%
2009 -6.51% -0.93%
2010 -3.48% -1.32%
2011 -3.47% -1.61%
2012 -3.4% -1.17%
2013 -5.15% -1.93%
2014 -5.39% -2.58%
2015 -4.27% -1.95%
2016 -1.48% -2.3%
2017 -1.39% -3.24%
2018 -1.6% -3.03%
2019 -1.92% -2.53%
2020 -6.67% -2.76%
2021 -4.57% -2.77%
2022 -3.64% -4.16%
2023 -1.32% -2.6%
2024 -0.45% -1.99%
2025 -2.54% -1.7%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Albania has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.56%, compared with 12.9% in Ethiopia. In 2024, inflation was 2.3% in Albania and 21% in Ethiopia.

Inflation
Albania

Ethiopia
Year Inflation
Albania Ethiopia Albania Ethiopia
1996 12.7% -8.48%
1997 33.2% 2.4%
1998 20.6% 0.89%
1999 0.4% 7.94%
2000 0% 0.66%
2001 3.1% -8.24%
2002 5.2% 0.68%
2003 2.4% 13.7%
2004 2.9% 3.33%
2005 2.4% 9.97%
2006 2.4% 12.3%
2007 3% 17.2%
2008 3.3% 44.4%
2009 2.2% 8.48%
2010 3.6% 8.15%
2011 3.4% 33.2%
2012 2% 23.6%
2013 1.9% 7.46%
2014 1.6% 6.89%
2015 1.9% 9.57%
2016 1.3% 6.63%
2017 2% 10.7%
2018 2% 13.8%
2019 1.4% 15.8%
2020 1.6% 20.4%
2021 2% 26.8%
2022 6.7% 33.9%
2023 4.8% 30.2%
2024 2.2% 21%
2025 2.3% -

Top exports between countries

Albania
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $1.11M
Metals $59K
Ethiopia
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Albania Ethiopia
Current account balance
-$646M
2024
-$4.79B
2023
Current account balance ranking
109/189
2024
164/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
-2.38%
2024
-4.07%
2022
Goods imports
$7.87B
2024
$15.3B
2023
Goods exports
$1.82B
2024
$3.47B
2023
Service imports
$3.83B
2024
$7.63B
2023
Service exports
$8.03B
2024
$7.4B
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
43%
2024
11.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
36.1%
2024
5.55%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Albania Ethiopia
Economic freedom 66.6 48.1
Economic freedom ranking 55/197 172/197
Property rights 58.3 27.9
Government integrity 39.6 32.7
Judicial effectiveness 59.2 19.7
Tax burden 88.8 78.2
Government spending 71.9 95.4
Fiscal health 76.4 80.9
Business freedom 74.2 45.3
Labor freedom 51.3 39.4
Monetary freedom 75.8 49.9
Trade freedom 83.4 57.4
Investment freedom 60 30
Financial freedom 60 20

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Albania is 66.6, ranking 55/197, compared to 48.1 for Ethiopia, ranking 172/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Albania
Ethiopia
Year Economic freedom index
Albania Ethiopia
1995 49.7 42.6
1996 53.8 45.9
1997 54.8 48.1
1998 53.9 49.2
1999 53.4 46.7
2000 53.6 50.2
2001 56.6 48.9
2002 56.8 49.8
2003 56.8 48.8
2004 58.5 54.5
2005 57.8 51.1
2006 60.3 50.9
2007 61.4 53.6
2008 62.4 52.5
2009 63.7 53
2010 66 51.2
2011 64 50.5
2012 65.1 52
2013 65.2 49.4
2014 66.9 50
2015 65.7 51.5
2016 65.9 51.5
2017 64.4 52.7
2018 64.5 52.8
2019 66.5 53.6
2020 66.9 53.6
2021 65.2 51.7
2022 66.6 49.6
2023 65.3 48.3
2024 64.8 47.9
2025 66.6 48.1

More economic indicators

Albania Ethiopia
Services, % of GDP
48.9%
2024
37.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
22.4%
2024
25.4%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
15.5%
2024
34.9%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$23.6B
2024
$126B
2022
GNI per capita, PPP
$23,310
2024
$3,270
2024
Total reserves including gold
$6.52B
2024
$3.78B
2024
Total reserves ranking
89/177
2024
109/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.45B
2024
-$3.26B
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.71B
2024
$3.98B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$261M
2024
$0
1989
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
3.65%
2023
1.59%
2022
Poverty at national poverty lines
19.7%
2022
33.1%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
22.9%
2023
25.3%
2022

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.