Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Spain

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Spain
2023	3.64	1.12
2022	3.7	1.16
2021	3.76	1.18
2020	3.83	1.18
2019	3.9	1.23
2018	3.98	1.26
2017	4.07	1.31
2016	4.2	1.33
2015	4.35	1.33
2014	4.49	1.32
2013	4.58	1.27
2012	4.66	1.32
2011	4.72	1.34
2010	4.77	1.37
2009	4.84	1.38
2008	4.91	1.45
2007	4.96	1.38
2006	4.93	1.36
2005	4.94	1.33
2004	4.96	1.31
2003	5.01	1.3
2002	5.06	1.25
2001	5.1	1.23
2000	5.16	1.22
1999	5.23	1.17
1998	5.3	1.13
1997	5.4	1.15
1996	5.47	1.14
1995	5.55	1.16
1994	5.56	1.19
1993	5.64	1.26
1992	5.7	1.31
1991	5.77	1.33
1990	5.83	1.36
1989	5.88	1.4
1988	5.94	1.45
1987	5.99	1.49
1986	6.05	1.56
1985	6.1	1.64
1984	6.16	1.73
1983	6.22	1.8
1982	6.28	1.94
1981	6.33	2.04
1980	6.39	2.22
1979	6.43	2.37
1978	6.47	2.54
1977	6.5	2.65
1976	6.52	2.77
1975	6.53	2.77
1974	6.53	2.88
1973	6.53	2.84
1972	6.51	2.87
1971	6.49	2.9
1970	6.47	2.84
1969	6.44	2.86
1968	6.42	2.87
1967	6.39	2.94
1966	6.37	2.91
1965	6.35	2.94
1964	6.33	3.01
1963	6.31	2.88
1962	6.28	2.8
1961	6.26	2.77
1960	6.24	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Sao Tome	Spain
2023	5,221	-111,211
2022	5,102	-133,801
2021	4,954	-113,865
2020	4,874	-151,551
2019	4,932	-56,542
2018	4,957	-56,139
2017	5,007	-32,600
2016	5,125	0
2015	5,269	-4,642
2014	5,381	32,522
2013	5,449	37,284
2012	5,501	51,450
2011	5,445	84,137
2010	5,391	102,469
2009	5,349	106,635
2008	5,297	133,267
2007	5,226	108,545
2006	5,057	110,994
2005	4,897	78,576
2004	4,810	85,844
2003	4,702	54,844
2002	4,591	53,861
2001	4,471	44,936
2000	4,334	36,512
1999	4,221	8,077
1998	4,120	4,022
1997	4,041	20,028
1996	3,993	11,967
1995	3,948	15,889
1994	3,860	31,639
1993	3,841	47,234
1992	3,822	62,652
1991	3,801	58,450
1990	3,719	66,075
1989	3,576	81,538
1988	3,544	100,794
1987	3,440	116,054
1986	3,180	131,188
1985	3,242	146,184
1984	3,163	172,487
1983	3,100	183,223
1982	3,047	231,714
1981	3,015	237,879
1980	2,965	281,184
1979	2,893	312,407
1978	2,800	339,157
1977	2,705	361,465
1976	2,608	375,834
1975	2,515	371,882
1974	2,422	396,182
1973	2,329	374,381
1972	2,232	391,030
1971	2,127	369,625
1970	1,980	378,723
1969	1,862	367,851
1968	1,767	387,423
1967	1,693	402,001
1966	1,642	397,084
1965	1,611	405,819
1964	1,600	429,885
1963	1,609	394,338
1962	1,625	384,690
1961	1,657	396,537
1960	1,547	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.26% in Sao Tome and Principe and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Sao Tome	Spain
2023	28.2	6.7
2022	28.3	6.9
2021	28.5	7.1
2020	28.6	7.2
2019	29.2	7.6
2018	29.8	7.9
2017	30.6	8.4
2016	31.7	8.8
2015	33	9
2014	34.3	9.2
2013	35.4	9.1
2012	36.4	9.7
2011	36.8	10.1
2010	37.3	10.4
2009	37.9	10.6
2008	38.5	11.3
2007	38.9	10.9
2006	38.9	10.8
2005	39	10.6
2004	39.2	10.6
2003	39.6	10.4
2002	39.8	10.1
2001	40	9.9
2000	39.7	9.8
1999	39.4	9.4
1998	39.2	9.1
1997	39.2	9.2
1996	39.3	9.1
1995	39.5	9.1
1994	39.4	9.4
1993	39.8	9.8
1992	40.2	10.1
1991	40.7	10.2
1990	40.7	10.3
1989	40.9	10.5
1988	40.9	10.8
1987	41	11
1986	41	11.4
1985	41	11.9
1984	41.1	12.3
1983	41.2	12.7
1982	41.3	13.6
1981	41.5	14.1
1980	41.6	15.2
1979	41.6	16.2
1978	41.4	17.3
1977	41.3	18
1976	41.1	18.7
1975	40.9	18.7
1974	40.6	19.5
1973	40.3	19.2
1972	39.9	19.4
1971	39.5	19.6
1970	38.8	19.5
1969	38.2	19.9
1968	37.8	20.1
1967	37.7	20.7
1966	38	20.7
1965	38.6	21.1
1964	39.7	22
1963	41.1	21.4
1962	42.7	21.1
1961	44.6	21.2
1960	44.6	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 28.2 in Sao Tome and Principe and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 44.6 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Sao Tome	Spain
2100	19.5%	11.6%
2099	19.6%	11.6%
2098	19.8%	11.7%
2097	19.9%	11.7%
2096	20%	11.7%
2095	20.2%	11.8%
2094	20.3%	11.8%
2093	20.4%	11.9%
2092	20.6%	11.9%
2091	20.7%	11.9%
2090	20.9%	12%
2089	21.1%	12%
2088	21.2%	12%
2087	21.4%	12.1%
2086	21.6%	12.1%
2085	21.8%	12.1%
2084	22%	12%
2083	22.2%	12%
2082	22.4%	12%
2081	22.6%	11.9%
2080	22.9%	11.9%
2079	23.1%	11.8%
2078	23.3%	11.7%
2077	23.5%	11.6%
2076	23.7%	11.6%
2075	24%	11.5%
2074	24.2%	11.4%
2073	24.4%	11.3%
2072	24.6%	11.2%
2071	24.8%	11.2%
2070	25%	11.1%
2069	25.2%	11.1%
2068	25.4%	11%
2067	25.6%	11%
2066	25.9%	11%
2065	26.1%	11%
2064	26.3%	11%
2063	26.5%	11.1%
2062	26.8%	11.1%
2061	27%	11.2%
2060	27.3%	11.2%
2059	27.5%	11.3%
2058	27.8%	11.4%
2057	28.1%	11.4%
2056	28.4%	11.5%
2055	28.7%	11.5%
2054	29%	11.5%
2053	29.4%	11.5%
2052	29.7%	11.5%
2051	30.1%	11.5%
2050	30.4%	11.5%
2049	30.8%	11.4%
2048	31.1%	11.4%
2047	31.5%	11.3%
2046	31.8%	11.2%
2045	32.1%	11.1%
2044	32.5%	11.1%
2043	32.8%	11%
2042	33.1%	10.9%
2041	33.4%	10.9%
2040	33.6%	10.8%
2039	33.9%	10.8%
2038	34.1%	10.7%
2037	34.4%	10.7%
2036	34.6%	10.7%
2035	34.7%	10.7%
2034	34.9%	10.8%
2033	35.1%	10.9%
2032	35.3%	11.1%
2031	35.5%	11.3%
2030	35.8%	11.5%
2029	36.1%	11.7%
2028	36.6%	11.9%
2027	37%	12.2%
2026	37.3%	12.5%
2025	37.6%	12.8%
2024	37.8%	12.9%
2023	38.3%	13.3%
2022	38.8%	13.6%
2021	39.4%	13.9%
2020	39.9%	14.2%
2019	40.5%	14.4%
2018	40.9%	14.7%
2017	41.4%	14.8%
2016	41.7%	14.9%
2015	41.9%	15%
2014	42%	15.1%
2013	42%	15.1%
2012	42%	15.1%
2011	42%	15%
2010	42.1%	14.9%
2009	42.1%	14.8%
2008	42.1%	14.7%
2007	42%	14.6%
2006	42%	14.5%
2005	42%	14.5%
2004	42.1%	14.5%
2003	42.2%	14.5%
2002	42.3%	14.6%
2001	42.5%	14.7%
2000	42.8%	14.8%
1999	43.4%	15%
1998	43.9%	15.3%
1997	44.3%	15.7%
1996	44.7%	16.1%
1995	44.9%	16.6%
1994	45.1%	17.2%
1993	45.2%	17.8%
1992	45.2%	18.4%
1991	45.1%	19.1%
1990	45.1%	19.8%
1989	45%	20.5%
1988	45%	21.2%
1987	44.9%	21.9%
1986	44.7%	22.5%
1985	44.5%	23.2%
1984	44.4%	23.8%
1983	44.5%	24.4%
1982	44.5%	24.9%
1981	44.7%	25.5%
1980	44.9%	26%
1979	45.1%	26.4%
1978	45.2%	26.8%
1977	45.3%	27%
1976	45.4%	27.2%
1975	45.5%	27.3%
1974	45.6%	27.5%
1973	45.7%	27.7%
1972	45.9%	27.8%
1971	46.1%	27.8%
1970	46.2%	27.9%
1969	45.8%	27.8%
1968	44.9%	27.8%
1967	44%	27.7%
1966	42.9%	27.6%
1965	41.6%	27.5%
1964	40.2%	27.4%
1963	38.5%	27.4%
1962	36.6%	27.4%
1961	34.3%	27.4%
1960	32.9%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Spain

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Spain
2023	75	3
2022	82	4
2021	98	4
2020	92	4
2019	95	3
2018	100	3
2017	110	3
2016	119	3
2015	128	4
2014	138	4
2013	150	4
2012	158	4
2011	164	4
2010	170	4
2009	172	4
2008	174	4
2007	174	4
2006	177	4
2005	181	5
2004	177	5
2003	178	4
2002	179	5
2001	178	5
2000	180	5
1999	179	5
1998	175	5
1997	173	5
1996	171	6
1995	172	6
1994	168	6
1993	166	6
1992	164	6
1991	166	6
1990	164	6
1989	167	7
1988	157	7
1987	161	7
1986	175	7
1985	159	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Sao Tome and Principe

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Sao Tome	Spain
2023	1.39%	0.31%
2022	1.46%	0.31%
2021	1.53%	0.31%
2020	1.6%	0.32%
2019	1.7%	0.32%
2018	1.81%	0.32%
2017	1.95%	0.32%
2016	2.11%	0.33%
2015	2.31%	0.33%
2014	2.54%	0.34%
2013	2.77%	0.35%
2012	3.04%	0.36%
2011	3.33%	0.37%
2010	3.63%	0.38%
2009	3.95%	0.4%
2008	4.3%	0.42%
2007	4.68%	0.44%
2006	5.11%	0.45%
2005	5.56%	0.47%
2004	6.05%	0.49%
2003	6.57%	0.5%
2002	7.1%	0.51%
2001	7.66%	0.53%
2000	8.21%	0.54%
1999	8.76%	0.56%
1998	9.26%	0.58%
1997	9.73%	0.61%
1996	10.1%	0.65%
1995	10.4%	0.69%
1994	10.7%	0.74%
1993	10.8%	0.79%
1992	10.9%	0.83%
1991	10.9%	0.88%
1990	10.8%	0.92%
1989	10.7%	0.95%
1988	10.6%	0.99%
1987	10.4%	1.03%
1986	11.4%	1.07%
1985	9.99%	1.11%
1984	9.77%	1.17%
1983	9.56%	1.23%
1982	9.37%	1.3%
1981	9.21%	1.38%
1980	9.1%	1.49%
1979	9.02%	1.61%
1978	8.96%	1.74%
1977	8.93%	1.87%
1976	8.89%	2.02%
1975	8.85%	2.17%
1974	8.79%	2.33%
1973	8.73%	2.52%
1972	8.67%	2.72%
1971	8.63%	2.94%
1970	8.64%	3.16%
1969	8.71%	3.39%
1968	8.85%	3.61%
1967	9.04%	3.83%
1966	9.29%	4.03%
1965	9.56%	4.23%
1964	-	4.45%
1963	-	4.68%
1962	-	4.94%
1961	-	5.2%
1960	-	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.