Fertility & birth rates in Indonesia and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Indonesia vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Indonesia was 2.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Indonesia vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Indonesia	Sao Tome
1960	5.51	6.24
1961	5.52	6.26
1962	5.53	6.28
1963	5.55	6.31
1964	5.57	6.33
1965	5.59	6.35
1966	5.59	6.37
1967	5.58	6.39
1968	5.57	6.42
1969	5.55	6.44
1970	5.49	6.47
1971	5.4	6.49
1972	5.32	6.51
1973	5.25	6.53
1974	5.09	6.53
1975	5.03	6.53
1976	4.92	6.52
1977	4.81	6.5
1978	4.73	6.47
1979	4.63	6.43
1980	4.5	6.39
1981	4.36	6.33
1982	4.25	6.28
1983	4.11	6.22
1984	3.96	6.16
1985	3.73	6.1
1986	3.53	6.05
1987	3.42	5.99
1988	3.35	5.94
1989	3.25	5.88
1990	3.11	5.83
1991	3.06	5.77
1992	2.95	5.7
1993	2.9	5.64
1994	2.85	5.56
1995	2.81	5.55
1996	2.78	5.47
1997	2.74	5.4
1998	2.66	5.3
1999	2.57	5.23
2000	2.5	5.16
2001	2.47	5.1
2002	2.44	5.06
2003	2.41	5.01
2004	2.42	4.96
2005	2.45	4.94
2006	2.46	4.93
2007	2.48	4.96
2008	2.44	4.91
2009	2.44	4.84
2010	2.46	4.77
2011	2.52	4.72
2012	2.51	4.66
2013	2.44	4.58
2014	2.39	4.49
2015	2.35	4.35
2016	2.31	4.2
2017	2.25	4.07
2018	2.22	3.98
2019	2.21	3.9
2020	2.19	3.83
2021	2.17	3.76
2022	2.15	3.7
2023	2.13	3.64
2024	2.11	3.6
2025	2.1	3.53
2026	2.08	3.47
2027	2.06	3.42
2028	2.04	3.36
2029	2.03	3.32
2030	2.01	3.26
2031	2	3.21
2032	1.99	3.17
2033	1.98	3.13
2034	1.97	3.09
2035	1.95	3.04
2036	1.94	3.01
2037	1.94	2.97
2038	1.93	2.94
2039	1.92	2.9
2040	1.91	2.87
2041	1.9	2.83
2042	1.89	2.8
2043	1.89	2.78
2044	1.88	2.75
2045	1.87	2.73
2046	1.87	2.7
2047	1.86	2.67
2048	1.86	2.64
2049	1.85	2.62
2050	1.85	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Indonesia	Sao Tome
1960	39.8%	32.9%
1961	40%	34.3%
1962	40.3%	36.6%
1963	40.7%	38.5%
1964	41.1%	40.2%
1965	41.5%	41.6%
1966	41.9%	42.9%
1967	42.2%	44%
1968	42.5%	44.9%
1969	42.6%	45.8%
1970	42.6%	46.2%
1971	42.6%	46.1%
1972	42.5%	45.9%
1973	42.4%	45.7%
1974	42.3%	45.6%
1975	42%	45.5%
1976	41.8%	45.4%
1977	41.5%	45.3%
1978	41.2%	45.2%
1979	40.9%	45.1%
1980	40.6%	44.9%
1981	40.2%	44.7%
1982	39.8%	44.5%
1983	39.4%	44.5%
1984	39%	44.4%
1985	38.5%	44.5%
1986	38%	44.7%
1987	37.4%	44.9%
1988	36.9%	45%
1989	36.4%	45%
1990	35.9%	45.1%
1991	35.4%	45.1%
1992	34.8%	45.2%
1993	34.3%	45.2%
1994	33.7%	45.1%
1995	33.2%	44.9%
1996	32.7%	44.7%
1997	32.2%	44.3%
1998	31.7%	43.9%
1999	31.3%	43.4%
2000	30.8%	42.8%
2001	30.4%	42.5%
2002	30%	42.3%
2003	29.7%	42.2%
2004	29.3%	42.1%
2005	29.1%	42%
2006	28.8%	42%
2007	28.6%	42%
2008	28.4%	42.1%
2009	28.1%	42.1%
2010	27.9%	42.1%
2011	27.7%	42%
2012	27.5%	42%
2013	27.3%	42%
2014	27.2%	42%
2015	27%	41.9%
2016	26.8%	41.7%
2017	26.6%	41.4%
2018	26.3%	40.9%
2019	26.1%	40.5%
2020	25.8%	39.9%
2021	25.6%	39.4%
2022	25.3%	38.8%
2023	24.9%	38.3%
2024	24.6%	37.8%
2025	24.2%	37.5%
2026	23.9%	37.2%
2027	23.5%	36.8%
2028	23.1%	36.4%
2029	22.7%	36%
2030	22.4%	35.6%
2031	22.1%	35.4%
2032	21.9%	35.2%
2033	21.7%	35%
2034	21.5%	34.8%
2035	21.3%	34.7%
2036	21.1%	34.5%
2037	20.9%	34.2%
2038	20.8%	34%
2039	20.6%	33.8%
2040	20.5%	33.5%
2041	20.4%	33.2%
2042	20.2%	32.9%
2043	20.1%	32.6%
2044	20%	32.3%
2045	19.9%	32%
2046	19.7%	31.6%
2047	19.6%	31.3%
2048	19.5%	31%
2049	19.3%	30.6%
2050	19.2%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in Indonesia and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 35.9% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Indonesia and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Indonesia vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.94% in Indonesia and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Indonesia	Sao Tome
1960	2,350,971	1,547
1961	2,434,113	1,657
1962	2,525,163	1,625
1963	2,609,526	1,609
1964	2,700,138	1,600
1965	2,278,891	1,611
1966	2,715,011	1,642
1967	2,909,981	1,693
1968	2,961,608	1,767
1969	3,034,825	1,862
1970	3,080,421	1,980
1971	3,111,304	2,127
1972	3,149,726	2,232
1973	3,210,643	2,329
1974	3,196,136	2,422
1975	3,263,794	2,515
1976	3,291,479	2,608
1977	3,334,779	2,705
1978	3,412,980	2,800
1979	3,460,621	2,893
1980	3,484,846	2,965
1981	3,497,244	3,015
1982	3,545,504	3,047
1983	3,558,949	3,100
1984	3,549,570	3,163
1985	3,419,412	3,242
1986	3,309,905	3,180
1987	3,304,520	3,440
1988	3,331,242	3,544
1989	3,316,792	3,576
1990	3,250,906	3,719
1991	3,288,791	3,801
1992	3,241,576	3,822
1993	3,287,348	3,841
1994	3,292,127	3,860
1995	3,304,550	3,948
1996	3,331,535	3,993
1997	3,338,243	4,041
1998	3,258,820	4,120
1999	3,137,133	4,221
2000	3,080,621	4,334
2001	3,066,275	4,471
2002	3,063,044	4,591
2003	3,037,698	4,702
2004	2,894,440	4,810
2005	3,149,551	4,897
2006	3,163,026	5,057
2007	3,211,484	5,226
2008	3,138,143	5,297
2009	3,140,944	5,349
2010	3,161,082	5,391
2011	3,266,560	5,445
2012	3,259,811	5,501
2013	3,104,258	5,449
2014	3,000,907	5,381
2015	2,899,165	5,269
2016	2,814,578	5,125
2017	2,682,556	5,007
2018	2,587,219	4,957
2019	2,548,048	4,932
2020	2,152,076	4,874
2021	1,764,332	4,954
2022	2,429,171	5,102
2023	2,364,808	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Indonesia vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 140 deaths per 100,000 live births in Indonesia, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Indonesia	Sao Tome
1985	474	159
1986	455	175
1987	437	161
1988	431	157
1989	402	167
1990	392	164
1991	378	166
1992	359	164
1993	327	166
1994	333	168
1995	334	172
1996	331	171
1997	323	173
1998	317	175
1999	321	179
2000	311	180
2001	300	178
2002	283	179
2003	279	178
2004	283	177
2005	268	181
2006	264	177
2007	257	174
2008	251	174
2009	246	172
2010	242	170
2011	230	164
2012	220	158
2013	208	150
2014	198	138
2015	190	128
2016	182	119
2017	173	110
2018	168	100
2019	161	95
2020	184	92
2021	226	98
2022	148	82
2023	140	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.06% in Indonesia and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Indonesia	Sao Tome
1960	22.4%	-
1961	21.8%	-
1962	21.2%	-
1963	20.6%	-
1964	20%	-
1965	22.9%	9.56%
1966	18.9%	9.29%
1967	18.3%	9.04%
1968	17.7%	8.85%
1969	17.2%	8.71%
1970	16.6%	8.64%
1971	16.1%	8.63%
1972	15.5%	8.67%
1973	15%	8.73%
1974	14.6%	8.79%
1975	14.1%	8.85%
1976	13.7%	8.89%
1977	13.2%	8.93%
1978	12.8%	8.96%
1979	12.5%	9.02%
1980	12.1%	9.1%
1981	11.7%	9.21%
1982	11.3%	9.37%
1983	11%	9.56%
1984	10.6%	9.77%
1985	10.2%	9.99%
1986	9.88%	11.4%
1987	9.51%	10.4%
1988	9.14%	10.6%
1989	8.76%	10.7%
1990	8.39%	10.8%
1991	8.01%	10.9%
1992	7.64%	10.9%
1993	7.28%	10.8%
1994	6.94%	10.7%
1995	6.61%	10.4%
1996	6.29%	10.1%
1997	5.99%	9.73%
1998	5.71%	9.26%
1999	5.44%	8.76%
2000	5.19%	8.21%
2001	4.96%	7.66%
2002	4.73%	7.1%
2003	4.52%	6.57%
2004	4.91%	6.05%
2005	4.14%	5.56%
2006	3.96%	5.11%
2007	3.8%	4.68%
2008	3.64%	4.3%
2009	3.5%	3.95%
2010	3.36%	3.63%
2011	3.22%	3.33%
2012	3.1%	3.04%
2013	2.97%	2.77%
2014	2.86%	2.54%
2015	2.74%	2.31%
2016	2.64%	2.11%
2017	2.54%	1.95%
2018	2.45%	1.81%
2019	2.36%	1.7%
2020	2.28%	1.6%
2021	2.2%	1.53%
2022	2.13%	1.46%
2023	2.06%	1.39%