Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and South Sudan

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs South Sudan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.86 in South Sudan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs South Sudan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	South Sudan
1960	6.24	7.16
1961	6.26	7.18
1962	6.28	7.2
1963	6.31	7.2
1964	6.33	7.22
1965	6.35	7.22
1966	6.37	7.25
1967	6.39	7.26
1968	6.42	7.26
1969	6.44	7.28
1970	6.47	7.29
1971	6.49	7.3
1972	6.51	7.31
1973	6.53	7.31
1974	6.53	7.31
1975	6.53	7.33
1976	6.52	7.33
1977	6.5	7.33
1978	6.47	7.33
1979	6.43	7.32
1980	6.39	7.33
1981	6.33	7.33
1982	6.28	7.34
1983	6.22	7.34
1984	6.16	7.35
1985	6.1	7.36
1986	6.05	7.38
1987	5.99	7.39
1988	5.94	7.38
1989	5.88	7.37
1990	5.83	7.38
1991	5.77	7.38
1992	5.7	7.37
1993	5.64	7.36
1994	5.56	7.35
1995	5.55	7.34
1996	5.47	7.32
1997	5.4	7.2
1998	5.3	7.08
1999	5.23	6.94
2000	5.16	6.8
2001	5.1	6.65
2002	5.06	6.52
2003	5.01	6.35
2004	4.96	6.19
2005	4.94	6.02
2006	4.93	5.85
2007	4.96	5.7
2008	4.91	5.57
2009	4.84	5.45
2010	4.77	5.32
2011	4.72	5.19
2012	4.66	5.06
2013	4.58	4.94
2014	4.49	4.82
2015	4.35	4.7
2016	4.2	4.58
2017	4.07	4.48
2018	3.98	4.37
2019	3.9	4.26
2020	3.83	4.16
2021	3.76	4.05
2022	3.7	3.96
2023	3.64	3.86
2024	3.6	3.79
2025	3.53	3.71
2026	3.47	3.63
2027	3.42	3.56
2028	3.36	3.49
2029	3.32	3.43
2030	3.26	3.37
2031	3.21	3.31
2032	3.17	3.26
2033	3.13	3.2
2034	3.09	3.15
2035	3.04	3.1
2036	3.01	3.06
2037	2.97	3.01
2038	2.94	2.96
2039	2.9	2.92
2040	2.87	2.88
2041	2.83	2.84
2042	2.8	2.8
2043	2.78	2.76
2044	2.75	2.73
2045	2.73	2.69
2046	2.7	2.66
2047	2.67	2.63
2048	2.64	2.6
2049	2.62	2.58
2050	2.59	2.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	South Sudan
1960	32.9%	42.5%
1961	34.3%	42.6%
1962	36.6%	42.6%
1963	38.5%	42.8%
1964	40.2%	43%
1965	41.6%	43.3%
1966	42.9%	43.5%
1967	44%	43.8%
1968	44.9%	44%
1969	45.8%	44.3%
1970	46.2%	44.5%
1971	46.1%	44.7%
1972	45.9%	44.8%
1973	45.7%	45%
1974	45.6%	45.1%
1975	45.5%	45.2%
1976	45.4%	45.3%
1977	45.3%	45.4%
1978	45.2%	45.5%
1979	45.1%	45.7%
1980	44.9%	45.8%
1981	44.7%	46%
1982	44.5%	46.2%
1983	44.5%	46.3%
1984	44.4%	46.5%
1985	44.5%	46.6%
1986	44.7%	46.7%
1987	44.9%	46.9%
1988	45%	46.2%
1989	45%	45.4%
1990	45.1%	45.4%
1991	45.1%	45.5%
1992	45.2%	45.6%
1993	45.2%	45.7%
1994	45.1%	45.8%
1995	44.9%	45.8%
1996	44.7%	46%
1997	44.3%	46%
1998	43.9%	45.8%
1999	43.4%	45.6%
2000	42.8%	45.5%
2001	42.5%	45.5%
2002	42.3%	45.7%
2003	42.2%	45.9%
2004	42.1%	45.8%
2005	42%	45.3%
2006	42%	44.8%
2007	42%	44.3%
2008	42.1%	43.8%
2009	42.1%	43.4%
2010	42.1%	42.8%
2011	42%	42.2%
2012	42%	41.9%
2013	42%	41.9%
2014	42%	42.5%
2015	41.9%	43.1%
2016	41.7%	43.7%
2017	41.4%	45%
2018	40.9%	44.9%
2019	40.5%	43.6%
2020	39.9%	42.4%
2021	39.4%	41.6%
2022	38.8%	40.9%
2023	38.3%	39.9%
2024	37.8%	38.9%
2025	37.5%	38%
2026	37.2%	37.1%
2027	36.8%	36.2%
2028	36.4%	35.5%
2029	36%	35%
2030	35.6%	34.7%
2031	35.4%	34.5%
2032	35.2%	34.4%
2033	35%	34.3%
2034	34.8%	34.3%
2035	34.7%	34.2%
2036	34.5%	34.1%
2037	34.2%	34%
2038	34%	33.8%
2039	33.8%	33.7%
2040	33.5%	33.4%
2041	33.2%	33.2%
2042	32.9%	32.9%
2043	32.6%	32.5%
2044	32.3%	32.2%
2045	32%	31.8%
2046	31.6%	31.4%
2047	31.3%	31%
2048	31%	30.5%
2049	30.6%	30.1%
2050	30.2%	29.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 38.9% in South Sudan in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 45.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and South Sudan compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs South Sudan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +1.65% in South Sudan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	South Sudan
1960	1,547	42,945
1961	1,657	45,186
1962	1,625	47,406
1963	1,609	46,333
1964	1,600	64,786
1965	1,611	51,682
1966	1,642	38,523
1967	1,693	41,357
1968	1,767	44,213
1969	1,862	42,015
1970	1,980	44,776
1971	2,127	72,308
1972	2,232	74,803
1973	2,329	94,765
1974	2,422	97,181
1975	2,515	99,882
1976	2,608	102,346
1977	2,705	104,886
1978	2,800	107,352
1979	2,893	109,540
1980	2,965	112,307
1981	3,015	115,163
1982	3,047	118,641
1983	3,100	104,107
1984	3,163	90,970
1985	3,242	95,342
1986	3,180	99,502
1987	3,440	5,756
1988	3,544	-125,447
1989	3,576	83,735
1990	3,719	82,900
1991	3,801	87,873
1992	3,822	28,874
1993	3,841	32,779
1994	3,860	165,407
1995	3,948	110,417
1996	3,993	116,728
1997	4,041	121,454
1998	4,120	-12,157
1999	4,221	180,721
2000	4,334	196,055
2001	4,471	204,108
2002	4,591	212,014
2003	4,702	225,822
2004	4,810	231,877
2005	4,897	239,272
2006	5,057	246,706
2007	5,226	256,546
2008	5,297	268,268
2009	5,349	278,859
2010	5,391	287,409
2011	5,445	303,181
2012	5,501	312,974
2013	5,449	315,983
2014	5,381	227,611
2015	5,269	148,542
2016	5,125	110,553
2017	5,007	72,193
2018	4,957	168,497
2019	4,932	209,708
2020	4,874	212,332
2021	4,954	213,567
2022	5,102	211,166
2023	5,221	217,966

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs South Sudan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 692 deaths in South Sudan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	South Sudan
1985	159	3,845
1986	175	3,720
1987	161	8,045
1988	157	5,535
1989	167	5,103
1990	164	4,877
1991	166	4,764
1992	164	7,597
1993	166	7,537
1994	168	1,666
1995	172	4,430
1996	171	4,357
1997	173	4,172
1998	175	7,514
1999	179	2,048
2000	180	1,658
2001	178	1,580
2002	179	1,521
2003	178	1,199
2004	177	1,150
2005	181	1,074
2006	177	1,005
2007	174	933
2008	174	858
2009	172	823
2010	170	776
2011	164	770
2012	158	755
2013	150	771
2014	138	1,216
2015	128	1,436
2016	119	1,629
2017	110	1,662
2018	100	913
2019	95	745
2020	92	729
2021	98	749
2022	82	704
2023	75	692

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 9.87% in South Sudan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	South Sudan
1960	-	35.5%
1961	-	35.2%
1962	-	34.9%
1963	-	34.6%
1964	-	34.3%
1965	9.56%	34%
1966	9.29%	33.6%
1967	9.04%	33.3%
1968	8.85%	32.9%
1969	8.71%	32.6%
1970	8.64%	32.3%
1971	8.63%	31.9%
1972	8.67%	31.6%
1973	8.73%	31.3%
1974	8.79%	30.9%
1975	8.85%	30.6%
1976	8.89%	30.2%
1977	8.93%	29.9%
1978	8.96%	29.5%
1979	9.02%	29.2%
1980	9.1%	28.9%
1981	9.21%	28.5%
1982	9.37%	28.2%
1983	9.56%	27.8%
1984	9.77%	27.5%
1985	9.99%	27.1%
1986	11.4%	26.7%
1987	10.4%	36%
1988	10.6%	76.7%
1989	10.7%	30.7%
1990	10.8%	30.3%
1991	10.9%	29.7%
1992	10.9%	33.8%
1993	10.8%	33.1%
1994	10.7%	23%
1995	10.4%	27%
1996	10.1%	26.1%
1997	9.73%	25.2%
1998	9.26%	42.6%
1999	8.76%	19.2%
2000	8.21%	18.3%
2001	7.66%	17.4%
2002	7.1%	16.5%
2003	6.57%	15.7%
2004	6.05%	14.8%
2005	5.56%	14.1%
2006	5.11%	13.4%
2007	4.68%	12.7%
2008	4.3%	12.1%
2009	3.95%	11.5%
2010	3.63%	10.9%
2011	3.33%	10.5%
2012	3.04%	10.1%
2013	2.77%	9.92%
2014	2.54%	18.2%
2015	2.31%	23.7%
2016	2.11%	26.4%
2017	1.95%	27.8%
2018	1.81%	13.2%
2019	1.7%	9.87%
2020	1.6%	9.87%
2021	1.53%	9.87%
2022	1.46%	9.87%
2023	1.39%	9.87%