Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Yemen

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Yemen chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.59 in Yemen in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Yemen population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Yemen
1960	6.24	7.99
1961	6.26	8
1962	6.28	8.01
1963	6.31	8.03
1964	6.33	8.07
1965	6.35	8.1
1966	6.37	8.14
1967	6.39	8.17
1968	6.42	8.19
1969	6.44	8.22
1970	6.47	8.23
1971	6.49	8.26
1972	6.51	8.27
1973	6.53	8.29
1974	6.53	8.33
1975	6.53	8.37
1976	6.52	8.42
1977	6.5	8.47
1978	6.47	8.5
1979	6.43	8.67
1980	6.39	8.71
1981	6.33	8.75
1982	6.28	8.79
1983	6.22	8.83
1984	6.16	8.85
1985	6.1	8.86
1986	6.05	8.86
1987	5.99	8.83
1988	5.94	8.79
1989	5.88	8.71
1990	5.83	8.61
1991	5.77	8.46
1992	5.7	8.27
1993	5.64	8.05
1994	5.56	7.8
1995	5.55	7.53
1996	5.47	7
1997	5.4	6.82
1998	5.3	6.64
1999	5.23	6.49
2000	5.16	6.32
2001	5.1	6.14
2002	5.06	5.97
2003	5.01	5.84
2004	4.96	5.71
2005	4.94	5.56
2006	4.93	5.41
2007	4.96	5.26
2008	4.91	5.11
2009	4.84	5
2010	4.77	4.81
2011	4.72	4.63
2012	4.66	4.63
2013	4.58	4.62
2014	4.49	4.62
2015	4.35	4.62
2016	4.2	4.61
2017	4.07	4.61
2018	3.98	4.61
2019	3.9	4.6
2020	3.83	4.6
2021	3.76	4.6
2022	3.7	4.59
2023	3.64	4.59
2024	3.6	4.5
2025	3.53	4.41
2026	3.47	4.33
2027	3.42	4.23
2028	3.36	4.14
2029	3.32	4.06
2030	3.26	3.97
2031	3.21	3.87
2032	3.17	3.8
2033	3.13	3.73
2034	3.09	3.66
2035	3.04	3.59
2036	3.01	3.51
2037	2.97	3.44
2038	2.94	3.38
2039	2.9	3.32
2040	2.87	3.26
2041	2.83	3.21
2042	2.8	3.16
2043	2.78	3.12
2044	2.75	3.07
2045	2.73	3.02
2046	2.7	2.97
2047	2.67	2.93
2048	2.64	2.89
2049	2.62	2.85
2050	2.59	2.81

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Yemen
1960	32.9%	40.3%
1961	34.3%	40.4%
1962	36.6%	40.4%
1963	38.5%	40.6%
1964	40.2%	40.9%
1965	41.6%	41.3%
1966	42.9%	41.8%
1967	44%	42.3%
1968	44.9%	42.8%
1969	45.8%	43.3%
1970	46.2%	43.8%
1971	46.1%	44.3%
1972	45.9%	44.8%
1973	45.7%	45.3%
1974	45.6%	45.7%
1975	45.5%	46.2%
1976	45.4%	46.6%
1977	45.3%	47%
1978	45.2%	47.5%
1979	45.1%	47.9%
1980	44.9%	48.3%
1981	44.7%	48.7%
1982	44.5%	49.1%
1983	44.5%	49.4%
1984	44.4%	49.7%
1985	44.5%	50%
1986	44.7%	50.3%
1987	44.9%	50.5%
1988	45%	50.7%
1989	45%	50.9%
1990	45.1%	51.1%
1991	45.1%	51.2%
1992	45.2%	51.2%
1993	45.2%	51.2%
1994	45.1%	51.1%
1995	44.9%	50.9%
1996	44.7%	50.6%
1997	44.3%	50.3%
1998	43.9%	49.9%
1999	43.4%	49.5%
2000	42.8%	49%
2001	42.5%	48.6%
2002	42.3%	48.1%
2003	42.2%	47.6%
2004	42.1%	47.1%
2005	42%	46.5%
2006	42%	45.9%
2007	42%	45.3%
2008	42.1%	44.7%
2009	42.1%	44.1%
2010	42.1%	43.5%
2011	42%	43%
2012	42%	42.7%
2013	42%	42.3%
2014	42%	42.1%
2015	41.9%	41.8%
2016	41.7%	41.7%
2017	41.4%	41.6%
2018	40.9%	41.5%
2019	40.5%	41.4%
2020	39.9%	41.4%
2021	39.4%	41.4%
2022	38.8%	41.3%
2023	38.3%	41.2%
2024	37.8%	41.1%
2025	37.5%	41%
2026	37.2%	40.9%
2027	36.8%	40.8%
2028	36.4%	40.6%
2029	36%	40.3%
2030	35.6%	40%
2031	35.4%	39.6%
2032	35.2%	39.2%
2033	35%	38.7%
2034	34.8%	38.2%
2035	34.7%	37.7%
2036	34.5%	37.1%
2037	34.2%	36.5%
2038	34%	36%
2039	33.8%	35.4%
2040	33.5%	34.8%
2041	33.2%	34.3%
2042	32.9%	33.8%
2043	32.6%	33.4%
2044	32.3%	33%
2045	32%	32.6%
2046	31.6%	32.3%
2047	31.3%	32%
2048	31%	31.7%
2049	30.6%	31.4%
2050	30.2%	31.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 41.1% in Yemen in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 51.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Yemen compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Yemen by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +3.02% in Yemen. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Yemen
1960	1,547	122,994
1961	1,657	129,787
1962	1,625	131,262
1963	1,609	133,781
1964	1,600	147,299
1965	1,611	155,398
1966	1,642	164,091
1967	1,693	173,637
1968	1,767	182,518
1969	1,862	196,305
1970	1,980	207,613
1971	2,127	219,095
1972	2,232	229,322
1973	2,329	240,235
1974	2,422	252,737
1975	2,515	266,815
1976	2,608	281,078
1977	2,705	296,115
1978	2,800	312,439
1979	2,893	336,378
1980	2,965	355,767
1981	3,015	374,482
1982	3,047	392,302
1983	3,100	414,823
1984	3,163	434,674
1985	3,242	455,576
1986	3,180	464,665
1987	3,440	493,337
1988	3,544	513,296
1989	3,576	530,464
1990	3,719	549,654
1991	3,801	565,837
1992	3,822	582,072
1993	3,841	595,459
1994	3,860	602,363
1995	3,948	607,966
1996	3,993	588,786
1997	4,041	604,443
1998	4,120	615,488
1999	4,221	633,166
2000	4,334	646,694
2001	4,471	658,704
2002	4,591	672,494
2003	4,702	694,457
2004	4,810	710,493
2005	4,897	726,708
2006	5,057	750,082
2007	5,226	764,780
2008	5,297	779,123
2009	5,349	798,911
2010	5,391	803,246
2011	5,445	806,359
2012	5,501	845,645
2013	5,449	884,929
2014	5,381	920,330
2015	5,269	939,922
2016	5,125	975,697
2017	5,007	1,006,725
2018	4,957	1,020,238
2019	4,932	1,056,432
2020	4,874	1,086,322
2021	4,954	1,103,622
2022	5,102	1,153,375
2023	5,221	1,198,150

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Yemen

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 118 deaths in Yemen.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Yemen
1985	159	430
1986	175	430
1987	161	400
1988	157	388
1989	167	371
1990	164	359
1991	166	341
1992	164	330
1993	166	319
1994	168	311
1995	172	296
1996	171	282
1997	173	271
1998	175	260
1999	179	250
2000	180	241
2001	178	231
2002	179	218
2003	178	205
2004	177	194
2005	181	181
2006	177	171
2007	174	161
2008	174	153
2009	172	149
2010	170	144
2011	164	140
2012	158	137
2013	150	135
2014	138	134
2015	128	135
2016	119	134
2017	110	142
2018	100	134
2019	95	131
2020	92	135
2021	98	156
2022	82	125
2023	75	118

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 3.93% in Yemen. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Yemen
1960	-	42.9%
1961	-	42.2%
1962	-	41.5%
1963	-	40.8%
1964	-	40%
1965	9.56%	39%
1966	9.29%	38%
1967	9.04%	36.8%
1968	8.85%	35.6%
1969	8.71%	34.3%
1970	8.64%	33%
1971	8.63%	31.8%
1972	8.67%	30.6%
1973	8.73%	29.5%
1974	8.79%	28.4%
1975	8.85%	27.2%
1976	8.89%	26%
1977	8.93%	24.7%
1978	8.96%	23.4%
1979	9.02%	22.1%
1980	9.1%	20.8%
1981	9.21%	19.6%
1982	9.37%	18.4%
1983	9.56%	17.2%
1984	9.77%	16.2%
1985	9.99%	15.3%
1986	11.4%	14.6%
1987	10.4%	14%
1988	10.6%	13.4%
1989	10.7%	12.9%
1990	10.8%	12.5%
1991	10.9%	12.1%
1992	10.9%	11.8%
1993	10.8%	11.6%
1994	10.7%	11.3%
1995	10.4%	11.1%
1996	10.1%	10.8%
1997	9.73%	10.5%
1998	9.26%	10.2%
1999	8.76%	9.77%
2000	8.21%	9.32%
2001	7.66%	8.84%
2002	7.1%	8.36%
2003	6.57%	7.9%
2004	6.05%	7.47%
2005	5.56%	7.06%
2006	5.11%	6.68%
2007	4.68%	6.33%
2008	4.3%	6.02%
2009	3.95%	5.74%
2010	3.63%	5.49%
2011	3.33%	5.3%
2012	3.04%	5.14%
2013	2.77%	4.95%
2014	2.54%	4.84%
2015	2.31%	4.9%
2016	2.11%	4.77%
2017	1.95%	4.66%
2018	1.81%	4.7%
2019	1.7%	4.59%
2020	1.6%	4.32%
2021	1.53%	4.24%
2022	1.46%	4.08%
2023	1.39%	3.93%