Nepal birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Nepal chart

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Nepal was 1.98 in 2023 and has been below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman since 2019. In 1993, the fertility rate was 5.04 — a -60.7% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases the historical changes in birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Nepal	World
1960	6.07	4.69
1961	6.09	4.56
1962	6.08	5.02
1963	6.06	5.31
1964	6.04	5.13
1965	6.01	5.08
1966	5.98	4.97
1967	5.95	4.87
1968	5.94	4.98
1969	5.89	4.88
1970	5.87	4.84
1971	5.85	4.69
1972	5.8	4.55
1973	5.7	4.42
1974	5.75	4.26
1975	5.73	4.07
1976	5.72	3.97
1977	5.69	3.84
1978	5.68	3.77
1979	5.64	3.76
1980	5.6	3.73
1981	5.58	3.71
1982	5.55	3.72
1983	5.54	3.59
1984	5.51	3.57
1985	5.46	3.53
1986	5.4	3.51
1987	5.35	3.48
1988	5.31	3.39
1989	5.26	3.35
1990	5.21	3.31
1991	5.15	3.13
1992	5.07	3.04
1993	5.04	2.97
1994	4.96	2.92
1995	4.87	2.87
1996	4.67	2.82
1997	4.44	2.78
1998	4.28	2.75
1999	4.13	2.72
2000	3.98	2.73
2001	3.79	2.69
2002	3.6	2.66
2003	3.44	2.64
2004	3.28	2.63
2005	3.12	2.61
2006	2.97	2.61
2007	2.86	2.6
2008	2.74	2.6
2009	2.63	2.59
2010	2.54	2.57
2011	2.46	2.55
2012	2.42	2.56
2013	2.36	2.53
2014	2.32	2.52
2015	2.27	2.49
2016	2.23	2.49
2017	2.17	2.46
2018	2.12	2.39
2019	2.08	2.35
2020	2.05	2.28
2021	2.03	2.25
2022	2	2.22
2023	1.98	2.2
2024	1.96	2.19
2025	1.94	2.18
2026	1.92	2.18
2027	1.9	2.17
2028	1.89	2.16
2029	1.88	2.15
2030	1.86	2.14
2031	1.85	2.13
2032	1.84	2.12
2033	1.83	2.12
2034	1.82	2.11
2035	1.81	2.1
2036	1.8	2.09
2037	1.79	2.09
2038	1.79	2.08
2039	1.78	2.08
2040	1.78	2.08
2041	1.77	2.07
2042	1.77	2.07
2043	1.76	2.07
2044	1.76	2.07
2045	1.75	2.06
2046	1.75	2.06
2047	1.74	2.06
2048	1.74	2.05
2049	1.74	2.05
2050	1.73	2.05

Birth rates by women ages chart

In 2025, of all live births 17.2% were to women under 20 years old, 66.2% to women ages 20-29, and 16.6% to women ages 30 and above. In comparison, the percentages in 1990 were 17.6%, 54.7%, and 27.7% for the same age groups respectively. A chart displaying the historical birth rates in Nepal by maternal age is provided below.

Annual births per 1,000 women ages

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Nepal	World
1960	40.7%	37.4%
1961	40.7%	37.5%
1962	40.6%	37.6%
1963	40.5%	37.8%
1964	40.4%	38%
1965	40.4%	38%
1966	40.4%	38%
1967	40.3%	38%
1968	40.3%	37.9%
1969	40.3%	37.8%
1970	40.3%	37.7%
1971	40.4%	37.6%
1972	40.4%	37.5%
1973	40.5%	37.3%
1974	40.5%	37.2%
1975	40.6%	37.1%
1976	40.7%	36.9%
1977	40.7%	36.7%
1978	40.8%	36.3%
1979	40.8%	35.9%
1980	40.9%	35.5%
1981	40.9%	35.2%
1982	40.9%	34.9%
1983	41%	34.6%
1984	41%	34.3%
1985	41.1%	34%
1986	41.2%	33.8%
1987	41.3%	33.6%
1988	41.4%	33.4%
1989	41.5%	33.2%
1990	41.5%	33%
1991	41.5%	32.9%
1992	41.4%	32.7%
1993	41.3%	32.5%
1994	41.4%	32.3%
1995	41.4%	32.1%
1996	41.5%	31.8%
1997	41.4%	31.5%
1998	41.3%	31.1%
1999	41.1%	30.8%
2000	40.9%	30.4%
2001	40.7%	30%
2002	40.4%	29.6%
2003	40%	29.2%
2004	39.6%	28.8%
2005	39.2%	28.5%
2006	38.7%	28.1%
2007	38.1%	27.9%
2008	37.5%	27.6%
2009	36.7%	27.5%
2010	36%	27.3%
2011	35.3%	27.1%
2012	34.7%	27%
2013	34.2%	26.9%
2014	33.6%	26.8%
2015	33%	26.6%
2016	32.5%	26.5%
2017	32.1%	26.4%
2018	31.6%	26.2%
2019	30.9%	26%
2020	30.1%	25.8%
2021	29.4%	25.6%
2022	28.9%	25.3%
2023	28.7%	25%
2024	28.4%	24.7%
2025	28.1%	24.4%
2026	27.7%	24.1%
2027	27.3%	23.8%
2028	26.8%	23.4%
2029	26.4%	23.1%
2030	26%	22.8%
2031	25.6%	22.6%
2032	25.2%	22.3%
2033	24.8%	22.1%
2034	24.5%	21.9%
2035	24.1%	21.7%
2036	23.8%	21.6%
2037	23.4%	21.5%
2038	23%	21.4%
2039	22.7%	21.3%
2040	22.4%	21.2%
2041	22.1%	21.1%
2042	21.7%	21%
2043	21.4%	21%
2044	21.1%	20.9%
2045	20.8%	20.8%
2046	20.5%	20.7%
2047	20.3%	20.7%
2048	20%	20.6%
2049	19.7%	20.5%
2050	19.5%	20.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Nepal was 40.7% in 1960, 41.3% in 1993, and 28.4% as of the latest data in 2025.

More about the demographics of Nepal.

Natural population change by year

For the past 10 years, the natural population change in Nepal, excluding migration, has been +1.37% annually. On average, 390,974 more people were born each year than died.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Nepal
1960	203,374
1961	209,917
1962	215,368
1963	219,586
1964	227,948
1965	233,726
1966	241,716
1967	249,240
1968	258,259
1969	264,560
1970	272,439
1971	280,752
1972	286,708
1973	288,750
1974	303,078
1975	312,479
1976	323,222
1977	332,843
1978	345,765
1979	355,597
1980	364,254
1981	374,145
1982	385,741
1983	399,103
1984	411,122
1985	423,240
1986	434,802
1987	449,400
1988	463,581
1989	478,771
1990	495,202
1991	512,233
1992	533,029
1993	561,549
1994	578,293
1995	591,283
1996	580,099
1997	565,882
1998	562,787
1999	557,847
2000	554,506
2001	542,118
2002	525,045
2003	516,575
2004	504,853
2005	489,093
2006	475,335
2007	464,780
2008	452,353
2009	441,290
2010	432,631
2011	429,957
2012	430,151
2013	424,804
2014	423,166
2015	410,565
2016	415,921
2017	406,219
2018	394,576
2019	387,113
2020	373,553
2021	351,165
2022	379,021
2023	368,450

Maternal mortality chart

The maternal mortality rate in Nepal was 142 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.14% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a -70.4% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Nepal	World
1985	1,186	460
1986	1,143	438
1987	1,088	429
1988	1,038	414
1989	973	401
1990	920	391
1991	850	395
1992	768	395
1993	703	389
1994	657	382
1995	625	371
1996	584	366
1997	550	358
1998	522	360
1999	512	340
2000	480	328
2001	443	321
2002	414	311
2003	387	301
2004	364	291
2005	344	283
2006	318	276
2007	309	269
2008	302	264
2009	299	258
2010	297	253
2011	286	247
2012	272	239
2013	258	235
2014	245	231
2015	236	228
2016	214	220
2017	197	215
2018	183	211
2019	170	207
2020	153	211
2021	173	242
2022	139	203
2023	142	197

Under-five mortality rate chart

The under-5 mortality rate in Nepal was 26.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 2.65% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 79.2 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Nepal	World
1960	32.8%	18.5%
1961	32.4%	18.1%
1962	31.9%	17.8%
1963	31.3%	17.5%
1964	30.7%	17.7%
1965	30%	17.5%
1966	29.4%	17.3%
1967	28.7%	17%
1968	28%	16.5%
1969	27.3%	15.5%
1970	26.7%	15.2%
1971	26.2%	15.1%
1972	25.6%	14.4%
1973	25%	14.1%
1974	24.5%	13.7%
1975	23.9%	13.4%
1976	23.3%	13%
1977	22.7%	12.5%
1978	22.1%	12.1%
1979	21.5%	11.7%
1980	20.8%	11.4%
1981	20.2%	11%
1982	19.5%	10.8%
1983	18.8%	10.6%
1984	18.2%	10.4%
1985	17.5%	10.1%
1986	16.8%	9.81%
1987	16.1%	9.47%
1988	15.3%	9.31%
1989	14.6%	9.02%
1990	13.9%	8.81%
1991	13.2%	8.66%
1992	12.5%	8.46%
1993	11.8%	8.19%
1994	11.2%	7.98%
1995	10.6%	7.76%
1996	10%	7.52%
1997	9.44%	7.28%
1998	8.91%	7.05%
1999	8.4%	6.76%
2000	7.92%	6.48%
2001	7.48%	6.21%
2002	7.06%	5.94%
2003	6.69%	5.65%
2004	6.35%	5.43%
2005	6.04%	5.16%
2006	5.76%	4.92%
2007	5.51%	4.7%
2008	5.27%	4.5%
2009	5.05%	4.31%
2010	4.83%	4.11%
2011	4.62%	3.97%
2012	4.41%	3.77%
2013	4.21%	3.61%
2014	4.01%	3.48%
2015	3.82%	3.35%
2016	3.64%	3.23%
2017	3.46%	3.11%
2018	3.3%	2.97%
2019	3.14%	2.86%
2020	2.99%	2.75%
2021	2.86%	2.66%
2022	2.75%	2.59%
2023	2.65%	2.49%