Fertility & birth rates in Moldova and Sao Tome and Principe

Fertility rate in Moldova vs Sao Tome and Principe chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Moldova was 1.73 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.64 in Sao Tome and Principe in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Moldova vs Sao Tome and Principe population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Moldova	Sao Tome
1960	3.32	6.24
1961	3.23	6.26
1962	3.04	6.28
1963	2.89	6.31
1964	2.71	6.33
1965	2.69	6.35
1966	2.65	6.37
1967	2.62	6.39
1968	2.59	6.42
1969	2.57	6.44
1970	2.57	6.47
1971	2.56	6.49
1972	2.56	6.51
1973	2.57	6.53
1974	2.56	6.53
1975	2.52	6.53
1976	2.47	6.52
1977	2.42	6.5
1978	2.39	6.47
1979	2.38	6.43
1980	2.38	6.39
1981	2.4	6.33
1982	2.45	6.28
1983	2.58	6.22
1984	2.67	6.16
1985	2.67	6.1
1986	2.74	6.05
1987	2.78	5.99
1988	2.63	5.94
1989	2.46	5.88
1990	2.39	5.83
1991	2.28	5.77
1992	2.22	5.7
1993	2.11	5.64
1994	1.99	5.56
1995	1.83	5.55
1996	1.71	5.47
1997	1.79	5.4
1998	1.65	5.3
1999	1.56	5.23
2000	1.5	5.16
2001	1.47	5.1
2002	1.45	5.06
2003	1.48	5.01
2004	1.54	4.96
2005	1.53	4.94
2006	1.54	4.93
2007	1.58	4.96
2008	1.64	4.91
2009	1.72	4.84
2010	1.7	4.77
2011	1.65	4.72
2012	1.66	4.66
2013	1.62	4.58
2014	1.82	4.49
2015	1.87	4.35
2016	1.89	4.2
2017	1.81	4.07
2018	1.81	3.98
2019	1.78	3.9
2020	1.77	3.83
2021	1.75	3.76
2022	1.69	3.7
2023	1.73	3.64
2024	1.73	3.6
2025	1.72	3.53
2026	1.72	3.47
2027	1.72	3.42
2028	1.72	3.36
2029	1.72	3.32
2030	1.72	3.26
2031	1.72	3.21
2032	1.72	3.17
2033	1.71	3.13
2034	1.71	3.09
2035	1.71	3.04
2036	1.71	3.01
2037	1.71	2.97
2038	1.71	2.94
2039	1.71	2.9
2040	1.71	2.87
2041	1.71	2.83
2042	1.71	2.8
2043	1.7	2.78
2044	1.7	2.75
2045	1.7	2.73
2046	1.7	2.7
2047	1.7	2.67
2048	1.7	2.64
2049	1.7	2.62
2050	1.7	2.59

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Moldova	Sao Tome
1960	34.5%	32.9%
1961	34.9%	34.3%
1962	35.1%	36.6%
1963	35.1%	38.5%
1964	34.7%	40.2%
1965	34.2%	41.6%
1966	33.5%	42.9%
1967	32.8%	44%
1968	32.1%	44.9%
1969	31.3%	45.8%
1970	30.7%	46.2%
1971	30.1%	46.1%
1972	29.5%	45.9%
1973	28.9%	45.7%
1974	28.3%	45.6%
1975	27.7%	45.5%
1976	27.2%	45.4%
1977	26.8%	45.3%
1978	26.5%	45.2%
1979	26.7%	45.1%
1980	26.9%	44.9%
1981	26.9%	44.7%
1982	27%	44.5%
1983	27.1%	44.5%
1984	27.3%	44.4%
1985	27.5%	44.5%
1986	27.7%	44.7%
1987	27.8%	44.9%
1988	27.9%	45%
1989	27.8%	45%
1990	27.7%	45.1%
1991	27.6%	45.1%
1992	27.4%	45.2%
1993	27.2%	45.2%
1994	27%	45.1%
1995	26.7%	44.9%
1996	26.3%	44.7%
1997	25.8%	44.3%
1998	25.1%	43.9%
1999	24.4%	43.4%
2000	23.5%	42.8%
2001	22.5%	42.5%
2002	21.6%	42.3%
2003	20.7%	42.2%
2004	19.9%	42.1%
2005	19.3%	42%
2006	18.8%	42%
2007	18.4%	42%
2008	18%	42.1%
2009	17.7%	42.1%
2010	17.5%	42.1%
2011	17.4%	42%
2012	17.3%	42%
2013	17.4%	42%
2014	17.8%	42%
2015	18.2%	41.9%
2016	18.7%	41.7%
2017	19.1%	41.4%
2018	19.5%	40.9%
2019	19.8%	40.5%
2020	20%	39.9%
2021	20.1%	39.4%
2022	20.1%	38.8%
2023	20%	38.3%
2024	19.8%	37.8%
2025	19.5%	37.5%
2026	19.2%	37.2%
2027	18.9%	36.8%
2028	18.4%	36.4%
2029	17.9%	36%
2030	17.3%	35.6%
2031	16.8%	35.4%
2032	16.3%	35.2%
2033	15.9%	35%
2034	15.6%	34.8%
2035	15.4%	34.7%
2036	15.2%	34.5%
2037	15.1%	34.2%
2038	15.1%	34%
2039	15.1%	33.8%
2040	15.2%	33.5%
2041	15.3%	33.2%
2042	15.4%	32.9%
2043	15.6%	32.6%
2044	15.7%	32.3%
2045	15.9%	32%
2046	16.1%	31.6%
2047	16.3%	31.3%
2048	16.5%	31%
2049	16.6%	30.6%
2050	16.7%	30.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 19.8% of the population in Moldova and 37.8% in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024, compared to 27.7% and 45.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Moldova and Sao Tome and Principe compared.

Natural population change in Moldova vs Sao Tome and Principe by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.08% in Moldova and +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Moldova	Sao Tome
1960	36,352	1,547
1961	35,180	1,657
1962	32,082	1,625
1963	29,382	1,609
1964	25,860	1,600
1965	24,916	1,611
1966	23,720	1,642
1967	22,654	1,693
1968	22,005	1,767
1969	21,768	1,862
1970	22,314	1,980
1971	23,359	2,127
1972	24,626	2,232
1973	25,967	2,329
1974	27,219	2,422
1975	27,677	2,515
1976	27,801	2,608
1977	27,707	2,705
1978	27,622	2,800
1979	28,322	2,893
1980	30,053	2,965
1981	31,360	3,015
1982	32,814	3,047
1983	36,076	3,100
1984	38,108	3,163
1985	38,060	3,242
1986	39,463	3,180
1987	40,122	3,440
1988	35,608	3,544
1989	29,638	3,576
1990	25,824	3,719
1991	21,127	3,801
1992	17,373	3,822
1993	13,886	3,841
1994	9,921	3,860
1995	5,534	3,948
1996	2,655	3,993
1997	4,669	4,041
1998	2,140	4,120
1999	642	4,221
2000	-324	4,334
2001	-718	4,471
2002	-1,249	4,591
2003	-322	4,702
2004	1,714	4,810
2005	2,005	4,897
2006	2,406	5,057
2007	3,490	5,226
2008	5,210	5,297
2009	7,492	5,349
2010	7,456	5,391
2011	5,948	5,445
2012	5,581	5,501
2013	3,537	5,449
2014	7,248	5,381
2015	6,049	5,269
2016	4,580	5,125
2017	1,402	5,007
2018	-961	4,957
2019	-3,416	4,932
2020	-7,067	4,874
2021	-13,444	4,954
2022	-6,385	5,102
2023	-7,007	5,221

Maternal mortality chart: Moldova vs Sao Tome and Principe

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 19 deaths per 100,000 live births in Moldova, compared to 75 deaths in Sao Tome and Principe.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Moldova	Sao Tome
1985	62	159
1986	60	175
1987	56	161
1988	53	157
1989	52	167
1990	53	164
1991	53	166
1992	55	164
1993	55	166
1994	56	168
1995	54	172
1996	53	171
1997	52	173
1998	48	175
1999	43	179
2000	38	180
2001	35	178
2002	31	179
2003	29	178
2004	28	177
2005	26	181
2006	25	177
2007	24	174
2008	23	174
2009	22	172
2010	20	170
2011	19	164
2012	19	158
2013	19	150
2014	20	138
2015	20	128
2016	21	119
2017	20	110
2018	20	100
2019	21	95
2020	29	92
2021	24	98
2022	19	82
2023	19	75

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.47% in Moldova and 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Moldova	Sao Tome
1965	-	9.56%
1966	-	9.29%
1967	-	9.04%
1968	-	8.85%
1969	-	8.71%
1970	-	8.64%
1971	6.39%	8.63%
1972	6.2%	8.67%
1973	6.03%	8.73%
1974	5.86%	8.79%
1975	5.68%	8.85%
1976	5.53%	8.89%
1977	5.38%	8.93%
1978	5.23%	8.96%
1979	5.08%	9.02%
1980	4.93%	9.1%
1981	4.78%	9.21%
1982	4.61%	9.37%
1983	4.41%	9.56%
1984	4.2%	9.77%
1985	4%	9.99%
1986	3.8%	11.4%
1987	3.62%	10.4%
1988	3.48%	10.6%
1989	3.38%	10.7%
1990	3.35%	10.8%
1991	3.39%	10.9%
1992	3.48%	10.9%
1993	3.62%	10.8%
1994	3.75%	10.7%
1995	3.84%	10.4%
1996	3.85%	10.1%
1997	3.78%	9.73%
1998	3.62%	9.26%
1999	3.4%	8.76%
2000	3.13%	8.21%
2001	2.85%	7.66%
2002	2.58%	7.1%
2003	2.34%	6.57%
2004	2.16%	6.05%
2005	2.01%	5.56%
2006	1.91%	5.11%
2007	1.83%	4.68%
2008	1.77%	4.3%
2009	1.73%	3.95%
2010	1.69%	3.63%
2011	1.66%	3.33%
2012	1.63%	3.04%
2013	1.6%	2.77%
2014	1.58%	2.54%
2015	1.55%	2.31%
2016	1.53%	2.11%
2017	1.52%	1.95%
2018	1.51%	1.81%
2019	1.5%	1.7%
2020	1.49%	1.6%
2021	1.48%	1.53%
2022	1.48%	1.46%
2023	1.47%	1.39%