Fertility & birth rates in Italy and Spain

Fertility rate in Italy vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Italy

Spain

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Italy	Spain
2023	1.2	1.12
2022	1.24	1.16
2021	1.25	1.18
2020	1.24	1.18
2019	1.27	1.23
2018	1.31	1.26
2017	1.34	1.31
2016	1.36	1.33
2015	1.36	1.33
2014	1.38	1.32
2013	1.39	1.27
2012	1.42	1.32
2011	1.42	1.34
2010	1.44	1.37
2009	1.44	1.38
2008	1.44	1.45
2007	1.39	1.38
2006	1.37	1.36
2005	1.33	1.33
2004	1.34	1.31
2003	1.29	1.3
2002	1.27	1.25
2001	1.25	1.23
2000	1.26	1.22
1999	1.23	1.17
1998	1.22	1.13
1997	1.22	1.15
1996	1.2	1.14
1995	1.19	1.16
1994	1.21	1.19
1993	1.25	1.26
1992	1.3	1.31
1991	1.3	1.33
1990	1.33	1.36
1989	1.33	1.4
1988	1.36	1.45
1987	1.33	1.49
1986	1.35	1.56
1985	1.42	1.64
1984	1.46	1.73
1983	1.51	1.8
1982	1.56	1.94
1981	1.58	2.04
1980	1.64	2.22
1979	1.73	2.37
1978	1.84	2.54
1977	1.93	2.65
1976	2.04	2.77
1975	2.17	2.77
1974	2.28	2.88
1973	2.3	2.84
1972	2.35	2.87
1971	2.4	2.9
1970	2.38	2.84
1969	2.47	2.86
1968	2.46	2.87
1967	2.5	2.94
1966	2.58	2.91
1965	2.6	2.94
1964	2.66	3.01
1963	2.51	2.88
1962	2.46	2.8
1961	2.44	2.77
1960	2.4	2.86

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Italy was 1.2 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.12 in Spain in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Italy vs Spain population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Italy

Spain

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Italy	Spain
2023	-283,125	-111,211
2022	-318,674	-133,801
2021	-301,579	-113,865
2020	-338,801	-151,551
2019	-215,025	-56,542
2018	-192,475	-56,139
2017	-192,007	-32,600
2016	-138,265	0
2015	-162,620	-4,642
2014	-96,513	32,522
2013	-90,468	37,284
2012	-78,248	51,450
2011	-48,021	84,137
2010	-23,928	102,469
2009	-17,866	106,635
2008	-11,842	133,267
2007	-5,876	108,545
2006	0	110,994
2005	-17,450	78,576
2004	11,566	85,844
2003	-40,179	54,844
2002	-22,836	53,861
2001	-11,396	44,936
2000	-17,082	36,512
1999	-22,766	8,077
1998	-39,835	4,022
1997	-22,756	20,028
1996	-22,744	11,967
1995	-34,107	15,889
1994	-17,053	31,639
1993	0	47,234
1992	22,718	62,652
1991	11,352	58,450
1990	22,688	66,075
1989	28,336	81,538
1988	33,977	100,794
1987	16,980	116,054
1986	11,319	131,188
1985	28,297	146,184
1984	50,919	172,487
1983	33,939	183,223
1982	79,161	231,714
1981	73,452	237,879
1980	84,650	281,184
1979	129,531	312,407
1978	168,465	339,157
1977	190,248	361,465
1976	228,445	375,834
1975	271,660	371,882
1974	336,176	396,182
1973	328,508	374,381
1972	364,355	391,030
1971	383,922	369,625
1970	376,753	378,723
1969	390,827	367,851
1968	399,268	387,423
1967	439,074	402,001
1966	488,427	397,084
1965	474,222	405,819
1964	527,089	429,885
1963	440,767	394,338
1962	427,387	384,690
1961	459,880	396,537
1960	426,697	398,960

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.48% in Italy and -0.23% in Spain.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.38% in Italy and -0.13% in Spain.

Birth rate in Italy vs Spain by year

Chart Table

Italy

Spain

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Italy	Spain
2023	6.4	6.7
2022	6.7	6.9
2021	6.8	7.1
2020	6.8	7.2
2019	7	7.6
2018	7.3	7.9
2017	7.6	8.4
2016	7.9	8.8
2015	8.1	9
2014	8.3	9.2
2013	8.5	9.1
2012	8.9	9.7
2011	9.1	10.1
2010	9.4	10.4
2009	9.6	10.6
2008	9.7	11.3
2007	9.6	10.9
2006	9.6	10.8
2005	9.5	10.6
2004	9.7	10.6
2003	9.5	10.4
2002	9.4	10.1
2001	9.4	9.9
2000	9.5	9.8
1999	9.4	9.4
1998	9.3	9.1
1997	9.4	9.2
1996	9.3	9.1
1995	9.2	9.1
1994	9.4	9.4
1993	9.7	9.8
1992	10	10.1
1991	9.9	10.2
1990	10	10.3
1989	9.9	10.5
1988	10.1	10.8
1987	9.7	11
1986	9.8	11.4
1985	10.2	11.9
1984	10.4	12.3
1983	10.6	12.7
1982	10.9	13.6
1981	11	14.1
1980	11.3	15.2
1979	11.9	16.2
1978	12.6	17.3
1977	13.2	18
1976	14	18.7
1975	14.9	18.7
1974	15.8	19.5
1973	16	19.2
1972	16.3	19.4
1971	16.8	19.6
1970	16.7	19.5
1969	17.4	19.9
1968	17.5	20.1
1967	17.9	20.7
1966	18.7	20.7
1965	19	21.1
1964	19.7	22
1963	18.7	21.4
1962	18.4	21.1
1961	18.4	21.2
1960	18.1	21.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.4 in Italy and 6.7 in Spain, compared with 18.1 and 21.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Italy

Factual

UN forecast

Spain

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Italy	Spain
2100	11.1%	11.6%
2099	11.1%	11.6%
2098	11.1%	11.7%
2097	11.1%	11.7%
2096	11.1%	11.7%
2095	11.1%	11.8%
2094	11.1%	11.8%
2093	11.2%	11.9%
2092	11.2%	11.9%
2091	11.2%	11.9%
2090	11.2%	12%
2089	11.3%	12%
2088	11.3%	12%
2087	11.3%	12.1%
2086	11.3%	12.1%
2085	11.3%	12.1%
2084	11.3%	12%
2083	11.3%	12%
2082	11.3%	12%
2081	11.2%	11.9%
2080	11.2%	11.9%
2079	11.2%	11.8%
2078	11.1%	11.7%
2077	11.1%	11.6%
2076	11%	11.6%
2075	10.9%	11.5%
2074	10.9%	11.4%
2073	10.8%	11.3%
2072	10.8%	11.2%
2071	10.7%	11.2%
2070	10.7%	11.1%
2069	10.6%	11.1%
2068	10.6%	11%
2067	10.6%	11%
2066	10.5%	11%
2065	10.5%	11%
2064	10.5%	11%
2063	10.6%	11.1%
2062	10.6%	11.1%
2061	10.6%	11.2%
2060	10.6%	11.2%
2059	10.7%	11.3%
2058	10.7%	11.4%
2057	10.8%	11.4%
2056	10.8%	11.5%
2055	10.8%	11.5%
2054	10.9%	11.5%
2053	10.9%	11.5%
2052	10.9%	11.5%
2051	10.9%	11.5%
2050	10.9%	11.5%
2049	10.9%	11.4%
2048	10.8%	11.4%
2047	10.8%	11.3%
2046	10.7%	11.2%
2045	10.7%	11.1%
2044	10.6%	11.1%
2043	10.6%	11%
2042	10.5%	10.9%
2041	10.5%	10.9%
2040	10.4%	10.8%
2039	10.4%	10.8%
2038	10.3%	10.7%
2037	10.3%	10.7%
2036	10.3%	10.7%
2035	10.3%	10.7%
2034	10.4%	10.8%
2033	10.4%	10.9%
2032	10.5%	11.1%
2031	10.7%	11.3%
2030	10.8%	11.5%
2029	11%	11.7%
2028	11.1%	11.9%
2027	11.3%	12.2%
2026	11.5%	12.5%
2025	11.8%	12.8%
2024	11.9%	12.9%
2023	12.1%	13.3%
2022	12.4%	13.6%
2021	12.6%	13.9%
2020	12.8%	14.2%
2019	13%	14.4%
2018	13.2%	14.7%
2017	13.4%	14.8%
2016	13.6%	14.9%
2015	13.7%	15%
2014	13.8%	15.1%
2013	13.9%	15.1%
2012	14%	15.1%
2011	14%	15%
2010	14%	14.9%
2009	14%	14.8%
2008	14%	14.7%
2007	14%	14.6%
2006	14.1%	14.5%
2005	14.1%	14.5%
2004	14.2%	14.5%
2003	14.2%	14.5%
2002	14.2%	14.6%
2001	14.2%	14.7%
2000	14.3%	14.8%
1999	14.3%	15%
1998	14.3%	15.3%
1997	14.4%	15.7%
1996	14.5%	16.1%
1995	14.6%	16.6%
1994	14.8%	17.2%
1993	15%	17.8%
1992	15.2%	18.4%
1991	15.8%	19.1%
1990	16.5%	19.8%
1989	17%	20.5%
1988	17.5%	21.2%
1987	18.1%	21.9%
1986	18.7%	22.5%
1985	19.3%	23.2%
1984	19.9%	23.8%
1983	20.5%	24.4%
1982	21.1%	24.9%
1981	21.6%	25.5%
1980	22.3%	26%
1979	22.8%	26.4%
1978	23.4%	26.8%
1977	23.7%	27%
1976	24.1%	27.2%
1975	24.3%	27.3%
1974	24.5%	27.5%
1973	24.6%	27.7%
1972	24.6%	27.8%
1971	24.6%	27.8%
1970	24.7%	27.9%
1969	24.7%	27.8%
1968	24.6%	27.8%
1967	24.6%	27.7%
1966	24.5%	27.6%
1965	24.5%	27.5%
1964	24.5%	27.4%
1963	24.5%	27.4%
1962	24.7%	27.4%
1961	25%	27.4%
1960	25%	27.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.9% of the population in Italy and 12.9% in Spain in 2024, compared to 16.5% and 19.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Italy and Spain compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Italy vs Spain

Chart Table

Italy

Spain

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Italy	Spain
2023	6	3
2022	10	4
2021	7	4
2020	8	4
2019	7	3
2018	7	3
2017	8	3
2016	8	3
2015	8	4
2014	8	4
2013	8	4
2012	8	4
2011	8	4
2010	8	4
2009	8	4
2008	7	4
2007	7	4
2006	7	4
2005	8	5
2004	8	5
2003	8	4
2002	10	5
2001	10	5
2000	11	5
1999	11	5
1998	12	5
1997	13	5
1996	14	6
1995	15	6
1994	15	6
1993	16	6
1992	17	6
1991	18	6
1990	18	6
1989	19	7
1988	20	7
1987	21	7
1986	22	7
1985	22	6

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Italy, compared to 3 deaths in Spain.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Italy

Spain

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Italy	Spain
2023	0.28%	0.31%
2022	0.28%	0.31%
2021	0.29%	0.31%
2020	0.3%	0.32%
2019	0.31%	0.32%
2018	0.32%	0.32%
2017	0.33%	0.32%
2016	0.34%	0.33%
2015	0.35%	0.33%
2014	0.36%	0.34%
2013	0.37%	0.35%
2012	0.38%	0.36%
2011	0.39%	0.37%
2010	0.4%	0.38%
2009	0.41%	0.4%
2008	0.41%	0.42%
2007	0.42%	0.44%
2006	0.43%	0.45%
2005	0.45%	0.47%
2004	0.46%	0.49%
2003	0.48%	0.5%
2002	0.51%	0.51%
2001	0.53%	0.53%
2000	0.56%	0.54%
1999	0.59%	0.56%
1998	0.62%	0.58%
1997	0.66%	0.61%
1996	0.7%	0.65%
1995	0.75%	0.69%
1994	0.8%	0.74%
1993	0.85%	0.79%
1992	0.89%	0.83%
1991	0.93%	0.88%
1990	0.97%	0.92%
1989	1%	0.95%
1988	1.04%	0.99%
1987	1.08%	1.03%
1986	1.14%	1.07%
1985	1.2%	1.11%
1984	1.27%	1.17%
1983	1.35%	1.23%
1982	1.43%	1.3%
1981	1.52%	1.38%
1980	1.61%	1.49%
1979	1.7%	1.61%
1978	1.82%	1.74%
1977	1.95%	1.87%
1976	2.11%	2.02%
1975	2.31%	2.17%
1974	2.53%	2.33%
1973	2.76%	2.52%
1972	2.98%	2.72%
1971	3.18%	2.94%
1970	3.36%	3.16%
1969	3.51%	3.39%
1968	3.64%	3.61%
1967	3.78%	3.83%
1966	3.93%	4.03%
1965	4.11%	4.23%
1964	4.31%	4.45%
1963	4.53%	4.68%
1962	4.76%	4.94%
1961	4.98%	5.2%
1960	5.19%	5.47%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.28% in Italy and 0.31% in Spain. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.