Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Trinidad and Tobago

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Trinidad and Tobago chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.53 in Trinidad and Tobago in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Trinidad and Tobago population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Trinidad
1960	6.24	5.41
1961	6.26	5.41
1962	6.28	5.36
1963	6.31	5.24
1964	6.33	5.08
1965	6.35	4.88
1966	6.37	4.62
1967	6.39	4.35
1968	6.42	4.11
1969	6.44	3.86
1970	6.47	3.71
1971	6.49	3.61
1972	6.51	3.55
1973	6.53	3.47
1974	6.53	3.32
1975	6.53	3.21
1976	6.52	3.14
1977	6.5	3.12
1978	6.47	3.13
1979	6.43	3.13
1980	6.39	3.15
1981	6.33	3.13
1982	6.28	3.11
1983	6.22	3.07
1984	6.16	3.02
1985	6.1	2.99
1986	6.05	2.9
1987	5.99	2.78
1988	5.94	2.65
1989	5.88	2.53
1990	5.83	2.39
1991	5.77	2.29
1992	5.7	2.21
1993	5.64	2.13
1994	5.56	2.06
1995	5.55	1.97
1996	5.47	1.89
1997	5.4	1.83
1998	5.3	1.78
1999	5.23	1.76
2000	5.16	1.73
2001	5.1	1.71
2002	5.06	1.67
2003	5.01	1.65
2004	4.96	1.63
2005	4.94	1.63
2006	4.93	1.62
2007	4.96	1.62
2008	4.91	1.62
2009	4.84	1.62
2010	4.77	1.61
2011	4.72	1.61
2012	4.66	1.61
2013	4.58	1.6
2014	4.49	1.6
2015	4.35	1.6
2016	4.2	1.6
2017	4.07	1.59
2018	3.98	1.59
2019	3.9	1.58
2020	3.83	1.57
2021	3.76	1.56
2022	3.7	1.54
2023	3.64	1.53
2024	3.6	1.54
2025	3.53	1.52
2026	3.47	1.52
2027	3.42	1.51
2028	3.36	1.51
2029	3.32	1.51
2030	3.26	1.51
2031	3.21	1.51
2032	3.17	1.51
2033	3.13	1.51
2034	3.09	1.51
2035	3.04	1.51
2036	3.01	1.51
2037	2.97	1.51
2038	2.94	1.51
2039	2.9	1.51
2040	2.87	1.51
2041	2.83	1.51
2042	2.8	1.51
2043	2.78	1.51
2044	2.75	1.51
2045	2.73	1.51
2046	2.7	1.51
2047	2.67	1.51
2048	2.64	1.52
2049	2.62	1.52
2050	2.59	1.52

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Trinidad
1960	32.9%	43.1%
1961	34.3%	43.2%
1962	36.6%	43.2%
1963	38.5%	43.3%
1964	40.2%	43.2%
1965	41.6%	43.1%
1966	42.9%	42.9%
1967	44%	42.7%
1968	44.9%	42.3%
1969	45.8%	41.9%
1970	46.2%	41.2%
1971	46.1%	40.4%
1972	45.9%	39.7%
1973	45.7%	39.1%
1974	45.6%	38.4%
1975	45.5%	37.6%
1976	45.4%	36.8%
1977	45.3%	36%
1978	45.2%	35.3%
1979	45.1%	34.8%
1980	44.9%	34.4%
1981	44.7%	34.2%
1982	44.5%	34.2%
1983	44.5%	34.2%
1984	44.4%	34.3%
1985	44.5%	34.4%
1986	44.7%	34.4%
1987	44.9%	34.4%
1988	45%	34.2%
1989	45%	34%
1990	45.1%	33.7%
1991	45.1%	33.3%
1992	45.2%	32.8%
1993	45.2%	32.2%
1994	45.1%	31.6%
1995	44.9%	30.8%
1996	44.7%	29.9%
1997	44.3%	28.9%
1998	43.9%	27.9%
1999	43.4%	27%
2000	42.8%	26%
2001	42.5%	25%
2002	42.3%	24.2%
2003	42.2%	23.4%
2004	42.1%	22.7%
2005	42%	22.1%
2006	42%	21.6%
2007	42%	21.2%
2008	42.1%	20.8%
2009	42.1%	20.5%
2010	42.1%	20.3%
2011	42%	20.1%
2012	42%	20%
2013	42%	19.9%
2014	42%	19.7%
2015	41.9%	19.6%
2016	41.7%	19.5%
2017	41.4%	19.3%
2018	40.9%	19%
2019	40.5%	18.8%
2020	39.9%	18.7%
2021	39.4%	18.5%
2022	38.8%	18.3%
2023	38.3%	18%
2024	37.8%	17.8%
2025	37.5%	17.5%
2026	37.2%	17.2%
2027	36.8%	16.9%
2028	36.4%	16.6%
2029	36%	16.4%
2030	35.6%	16.1%
2031	35.4%	15.8%
2032	35.2%	15.5%
2033	35%	15.3%
2034	34.8%	15.1%
2035	34.7%	14.9%
2036	34.5%	14.7%
2037	34.2%	14.5%
2038	34%	14.4%
2039	33.8%	14.2%
2040	33.5%	14.1%
2041	33.2%	14.1%
2042	32.9%	14%
2043	32.6%	13.9%
2044	32.3%	13.9%
2045	32%	13.8%
2046	31.6%	13.8%
2047	31.3%	13.7%
2048	31%	13.7%
2049	30.6%	13.6%
2050	30.2%	13.6%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 17.8% in Trinidad and Tobago in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 33.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Trinidad and Tobago compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Trinidad and Tobago by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and +0.41% in Trinidad and Tobago. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Trinidad
1960	1,547	24,766
1961	1,657	25,518
1962	1,625	25,763
1963	1,609	25,507
1964	1,600	25,065
1965	1,611	24,349
1966	1,642	23,228
1967	1,693	21,992
1968	1,767	20,849
1969	1,862	19,652
1970	1,980	19,074
1971	2,127	19,400
1972	2,232	20,116
1973	2,329	20,617
1974	2,422	20,412
1975	2,515	20,468
1976	2,608	20,875
1977	2,705	21,660
1978	2,800	22,538
1979	2,893	23,475
1980	2,965	24,557
1981	3,015	25,015
1982	3,047	25,181
1983	3,100	25,118
1984	3,163	24,738
1985	3,242	24,487
1986	3,180	23,705
1987	3,440	22,398
1988	3,544	21,028
1989	3,576	19,636
1990	3,719	18,052
1991	3,801	16,903
1992	3,822	15,910
1993	3,841	14,878
1994	3,860	14,032
1995	3,948	12,971
1996	3,993	12,101
1997	4,041	11,405
1998	4,120	10,964
1999	4,221	10,821
2000	4,334	10,588
2001	4,471	10,438
2002	4,591	10,316
2003	4,702	10,169
2004	4,810	10,149
2005	4,897	9,822
2006	5,057	9,889
2007	5,226	9,939
2008	5,297	9,872
2009	5,349	9,769
2010	5,391	9,698
2011	5,445	9,601
2012	5,501	9,376
2013	5,449	9,020
2014	5,381	8,571
2015	5,269	7,963
2016	5,125	7,436
2017	5,007	6,779
2018	4,957	5,869
2019	4,932	5,647
2020	4,874	4,558
2021	4,954	2,091
2022	5,102	3,773
2023	5,221	3,200

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Trinidad and Tobago

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 54 deaths in Trinidad and Tobago.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Trinidad
1985	159	87
1986	175	89
1987	161	86
1988	157	87
1989	167	86
1990	164	84
1991	166	82
1992	164	85
1993	166	85
1994	168	84
1995	172	85
1996	171	84
1997	173	82
1998	175	79
1999	179	78
2000	180	76
2001	178	72
2002	179	69
2003	178	67
2004	177	63
2005	181	60
2006	177	58
2007	174	57
2008	174	55
2009	172	54
2010	170	54
2011	164	53
2012	158	51
2013	150	50
2014	138	50
2015	128	50
2016	119	51
2017	110	51
2018	100	53
2019	95	53
2020	92	35
2021	98	54
2022	82	30
2023	75	54

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 1.91% in Trinidad and Tobago. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Trinidad
1960	-	6.74%
1961	-	6.53%
1962	-	6.33%
1963	-	6.14%
1964	-	5.96%
1965	9.56%	5.8%
1966	9.29%	5.66%
1967	9.04%	5.53%
1968	8.85%	5.4%
1969	8.71%	5.28%
1970	8.64%	5.17%
1971	8.63%	5.06%
1972	8.67%	4.95%
1973	8.73%	4.84%
1974	8.79%	4.72%
1975	8.85%	4.6%
1976	8.89%	4.48%
1977	8.93%	4.37%
1978	8.96%	4.25%
1979	9.02%	4.14%
1980	9.1%	4.03%
1981	9.21%	3.92%
1982	9.37%	3.83%
1983	9.56%	3.73%
1984	9.77%	3.64%
1985	9.99%	3.56%
1986	11.4%	3.49%
1987	10.4%	3.42%
1988	10.6%	3.36%
1989	10.7%	3.3%
1990	10.8%	3.25%
1991	10.9%	3.21%
1992	10.9%	3.16%
1993	10.8%	3.13%
1994	10.7%	3.09%
1995	10.4%	3.06%
1996	10.1%	3.02%
1997	9.73%	2.99%
1998	9.26%	2.96%
1999	8.76%	2.92%
2000	8.21%	2.88%
2001	7.66%	2.84%
2002	7.1%	2.81%
2003	6.57%	2.76%
2004	6.05%	2.72%
2005	5.56%	2.68%
2006	5.11%	2.64%
2007	4.68%	2.59%
2008	4.3%	2.55%
2009	3.95%	2.51%
2010	3.63%	2.47%
2011	3.33%	2.43%
2012	3.04%	2.38%
2013	2.77%	2.35%
2014	2.54%	2.3%
2015	2.31%	2.26%
2016	2.11%	2.22%
2017	1.95%	2.18%
2018	1.81%	2.14%
2019	1.7%	2.1%
2020	1.6%	2.06%
2021	1.53%	2.01%
2022	1.46%	1.96%
2023	1.39%	1.91%