Fertility & birth rates in Sao Tome and Principe and Slovakia

Fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe vs Slovakia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Sao Tome and Principe was 3.64 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.49 in Slovakia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Sao Tome and Principe vs Slovakia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Sao Tome	Slovakia
1960	6.24	3.04
1961	6.26	2.96
1962	6.28	2.83
1963	6.31	2.92
1964	6.33	2.89
1965	6.35	2.78
1966	6.37	2.66
1967	6.39	2.48
1968	6.42	2.39
1969	6.44	2.43
1970	6.47	2.41
1971	6.49	2.43
1972	6.51	2.49
1973	6.53	2.56
1974	6.53	2.61
1975	6.53	2.55
1976	6.52	2.55
1977	6.5	2.49
1978	6.47	2.47
1979	6.43	2.45
1980	6.39	2.32
1981	6.33	2.29
1982	6.28	2.28
1983	6.22	2.28
1984	6.16	2.26
1985	6.1	2.26
1986	6.05	2.2
1987	5.99	2.14
1988	5.94	2.13
1989	5.88	2.07
1990	5.83	2.09
1991	5.77	2.05
1992	5.7	1.93
1993	5.64	1.87
1994	5.56	1.67
1995	5.55	1.52
1996	5.47	1.47
1997	5.4	1.43
1998	5.3	1.37
1999	5.23	1.33
2000	5.16	1.3
2001	5.1	1.2
2002	5.06	1.19
2003	5.01	1.2
2004	4.96	1.25
2005	4.94	1.27
2006	4.93	1.25
2007	4.96	1.27
2008	4.91	1.34
2009	4.84	1.44
2010	4.77	1.43
2011	4.72	1.45
2012	4.66	1.34
2013	4.58	1.34
2014	4.49	1.37
2015	4.35	1.4
2016	4.2	1.48
2017	4.07	1.52
2018	3.98	1.54
2019	3.9	1.57
2020	3.83	1.59
2021	3.76	1.63
2022	3.7	1.57
2023	3.64	1.49
2024	3.6	1.49
2025	3.53	1.5
2026	3.47	1.5
2027	3.42	1.5
2028	3.36	1.51
2029	3.32	1.51
2030	3.26	1.51
2031	3.21	1.51
2032	3.17	1.51
2033	3.13	1.52
2034	3.09	1.52
2035	3.04	1.52
2036	3.01	1.52
2037	2.97	1.52
2038	2.94	1.52
2039	2.9	1.52
2040	2.87	1.52
2041	2.83	1.52
2042	2.8	1.52
2043	2.78	1.52
2044	2.75	1.53
2045	2.73	1.53
2046	2.7	1.53
2047	2.67	1.53
2048	2.64	1.53
2049	2.62	1.53
2050	2.59	1.53

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Sao Tome	Slovakia
1960	32.9%	31.5%
1961	34.3%	31.5%
1962	36.6%	31.3%
1963	38.5%	31%
1964	40.2%	30.8%
1965	41.6%	30.4%
1966	42.9%	29.9%
1967	44%	29.3%
1968	44.9%	28.6%
1969	45.8%	28.1%
1970	46.2%	27.5%
1971	46.1%	27%
1972	45.9%	26.6%
1973	45.7%	26.2%
1974	45.6%	26.1%
1975	45.5%	26%
1976	45.4%	26%
1977	45.3%	26%
1978	45.2%	26.1%
1979	45.1%	26.1%
1980	44.9%	26.1%
1981	44.7%	26.1%
1982	44.5%	26.2%
1983	44.5%	26.3%
1984	44.4%	26.4%
1985	44.5%	26.5%
1986	44.7%	26.4%
1987	44.9%	26.3%
1988	45%	26.1%
1989	45%	25.7%
1990	45.1%	25.2%
1991	45.1%	24.8%
1992	45.2%	24.4%
1993	45.2%	23.9%
1994	45.1%	23.3%
1995	44.9%	22.7%
1996	44.7%	22.1%
1997	44.3%	21.5%
1998	43.9%	20.9%
1999	43.4%	20.3%
2000	42.8%	19.7%
2001	42.5%	19%
2002	42.3%	18.4%
2003	42.2%	17.9%
2004	42.1%	17.3%
2005	42%	16.9%
2006	42%	16.4%
2007	42%	16%
2008	42.1%	15.7%
2009	42.1%	15.5%
2010	42.1%	15.5%
2011	42%	15.4%
2012	42%	15.4%
2013	42%	15.3%
2014	42%	15.3%
2015	41.9%	15.3%
2016	41.7%	15.4%
2017	41.4%	15.5%
2018	40.9%	15.7%
2019	40.5%	15.8%
2020	39.9%	15.9%
2021	39.4%	15.9%
2022	38.8%	16%
2023	38.3%	15.9%
2024	37.8%	15.8%
2025	37.5%	15.6%
2026	37.2%	15.4%
2027	36.8%	15.1%
2028	36.4%	15%
2029	36%	14.8%
2030	35.6%	14.6%
2031	35.4%	14.4%
2032	35.2%	14.1%
2033	35%	13.8%
2034	34.8%	13.6%
2035	34.7%	13.4%
2036	34.5%	13.2%
2037	34.2%	13%
2038	34%	12.9%
2039	33.8%	12.8%
2040	33.5%	12.7%
2041	33.2%	12.7%
2042	32.9%	12.7%
2043	32.6%	12.7%
2044	32.3%	12.7%
2045	32%	12.8%
2046	31.6%	12.8%
2047	31.3%	12.9%
2048	31%	13%
2049	30.6%	13%
2050	30.2%	13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 37.8% of the population in Sao Tome and Principe and 15.8% in Slovakia in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 25.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Sao Tome and Principe and Slovakia compared.

Natural population change in Sao Tome and Principe vs Slovakia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.4% in Sao Tome and Principe and -0.02% in Slovakia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Sao Tome	Slovakia
1960	1,547	56,546
1961	1,657	55,749
1962	1,625	49,587
1963	1,609	54,382
1964	1,600	54,092
1965	1,611	48,517
1966	1,642	45,440
1967	1,693	41,824
1968	1,767	38,113
1969	1,862	39,312
1970	1,980	38,575
1971	2,127	40,105
1972	2,232	46,426
1973	2,329	49,199
1974	2,422	52,524
1975	2,515	52,604
1976	2,608	54,121
1977	2,705	52,762
1978	2,800	52,324
1979	2,893	52,353
1980	2,965	44,320
1981	3,015	43,640
1982	3,047	41,958
1983	3,100	39,717
1984	3,163	38,966
1985	3,242	37,680
1986	3,180	34,279
1987	3,440	31,859
1988	3,544	30,979
1989	3,576	26,380
1990	3,719	25,436
1991	3,801	23,865
1992	3,822	21,220
1993	3,841	20,769
1994	3,860	14,970
1995	3,948	9,115
1996	3,993	9,135
1997	4,041	6,999
1998	4,120	4,312
1999	4,221	3,777
2000	4,334	2,155
2001	4,471	-1,076
2002	4,591	-538
2003	4,702	-537
2004	4,810	1,611
2005	4,897	537
2006	5,057	537
2007	5,226	537
2008	5,297	4,303
2009	5,349	8,619
2010	5,391	7,008
2011	5,445	9,177
2012	5,501	3,245
2013	5,449	2,707
2014	5,381	3,793
2015	5,269	2,170
2016	5,125	5,431
2017	5,007	4,351
2018	4,957	3,268
2019	4,932	3,818
2020	4,874	-2,184
2021	4,954	-16,886
2022	5,102	-7,062
2023	5,221	-5,427

Maternal mortality chart: Sao Tome and Principe vs Slovakia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 75 deaths per 100,000 live births in Sao Tome and Principe, compared to 4 deaths in Slovakia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Sao Tome	Slovakia
1985	159	19
1986	175	19
1987	161	19
1988	157	18
1989	167	17
1990	164	18
1991	166	17
1992	164	15
1993	166	14
1994	168	12
1995	172	11
1996	171	10
1997	173	10
1998	175	10
1999	179	9
2000	180	8
2001	178	8
2002	179	7
2003	178	7
2004	177	7
2005	181	7
2006	177	6
2007	174	6
2008	174	5
2009	172	6
2010	170	5
2011	164	5
2012	158	5
2013	150	5
2014	138	5
2015	128	5
2016	119	5
2017	110	5
2018	100	5
2019	95	5
2020	92	4
2021	98	12
2022	82	5
2023	75	4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.39% in Sao Tome and Principe and 0.61% in Slovakia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Sao Tome	Slovakia
1960	-	3.67%
1961	-	3.47%
1962	-	3.32%
1963	-	3.21%
1964	-	3.14%
1965	9.56%	3.08%
1966	9.29%	3.05%
1967	9.04%	3.02%
1968	8.85%	3%
1969	8.71%	2.97%
1970	8.64%	2.95%
1971	8.63%	2.92%
1972	8.67%	2.89%
1973	8.73%	2.84%
1974	8.79%	2.78%
1975	8.85%	2.72%
1976	8.89%	2.64%
1977	8.93%	2.55%
1978	8.96%	2.46%
1979	9.02%	2.36%
1980	9.1%	2.27%
1981	9.21%	2.17%
1982	9.37%	2.08%
1983	9.56%	1.99%
1984	9.77%	1.91%
1985	9.99%	1.82%
1986	11.4%	1.73%
1987	10.4%	1.65%
1988	10.6%	1.59%
1989	10.7%	1.53%
1990	10.8%	1.47%
1991	10.9%	1.42%
1992	10.9%	1.37%
1993	10.8%	1.31%
1994	10.7%	1.25%
1995	10.4%	1.2%
1996	10.1%	1.14%
1997	9.73%	1.09%
1998	9.26%	1.05%
1999	8.76%	1%
2000	8.21%	0.96%
2001	7.66%	0.93%
2002	7.1%	0.91%
2003	6.57%	0.88%
2004	6.05%	0.86%
2005	5.56%	0.83%
2006	5.11%	0.8%
2007	4.68%	0.77%
2008	4.3%	0.74%
2009	3.95%	0.71%
2010	3.63%	0.69%
2011	3.33%	0.67%
2012	3.04%	0.66%
2013	2.77%	0.64%
2014	2.54%	0.63%
2015	2.31%	0.62%
2016	2.11%	0.61%
2017	1.95%	0.6%
2018	1.81%	0.6%
2019	1.7%	0.59%
2020	1.6%	0.59%
2021	1.53%	0.6%
2022	1.46%	0.6%
2023	1.39%	0.61%