Eswatini birth & fertility rate charts by year

Fertility rate in Eswatini chart

According to the latest birth rate data available, the fertility rate in Eswatini is 2.75, which is above the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. In 1993, the fertility rate was 4.82 — a -42.8% decline in 30 years.

Check population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases the historical changes in birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	World
1960	6.75	4.69
1961	6.77	4.56
1962	6.79	5.02
1963	6.8	5.31
1964	6.79	5.13
1965	6.79	5.08
1966	6.8	4.97
1967	6.77	4.87
1968	6.76	4.98
1969	6.76	4.88
1970	6.75	4.84
1971	6.74	4.69
1972	6.72	4.55
1973	6.72	4.42
1974	6.71	4.26
1975	6.71	4.07
1976	6.7	3.97
1977	6.68	3.84
1978	6.65	3.77
1979	6.61	3.76
1980	6.57	3.73
1981	6.54	3.71
1982	6.49	3.72
1983	6.43	3.59
1984	6.36	3.57
1985	6.28	3.53
1986	6.11	3.51
1987	5.9	3.48
1988	5.69	3.39
1989	5.48	3.35
1990	5.3	3.31
1991	5.13	3.13
1992	4.98	3.04
1993	4.82	2.97
1994	4.66	2.92
1995	4.52	2.87
1996	4.38	2.82
1997	4.24	2.78
1998	4.13	2.75
1999	4.09	2.72
2000	4.03	2.73
2001	3.94	2.69
2002	3.85	2.66
2003	3.8	2.64
2004	3.76	2.63
2005	3.7	2.61
2006	3.63	2.61
2007	3.58	2.6
2008	3.57	2.6
2009	3.5	2.59
2010	3.38	2.57
2011	3.32	2.55
2012	3.27	2.56
2013	3.24	2.53
2014	3.18	2.52
2015	3.12	2.49
2016	3.07	2.49
2017	3.02	2.46
2018	2.97	2.39
2019	2.93	2.35
2020	2.89	2.28
2021	2.84	2.25
2022	2.8	2.22
2023	2.75	2.2
2024	2.72	2.19
2025	2.68	2.18
2026	2.64	2.18
2027	2.61	2.17
2028	2.57	2.16
2029	2.54	2.15
2030	2.51	2.14
2031	2.49	2.13
2032	2.45	2.12
2033	2.42	2.12
2034	2.4	2.11
2035	2.37	2.1
2036	2.35	2.09
2037	2.32	2.09
2038	2.3	2.08
2039	2.28	2.08
2040	2.26	2.08
2041	2.24	2.07
2042	2.22	2.07
2043	2.2	2.07
2044	2.18	2.07
2045	2.16	2.06
2046	2.14	2.06
2047	2.13	2.06
2048	2.11	2.05
2049	2.1	2.05
2050	2.08	2.05

Birth rates by women ages chart

In 2025, of all live births 15.1% were to women under 20 years old, 52.2% to women ages 20-29, and 32.7% to women ages 30 and above. In comparison, the percentages in 1990 were 18.9%, 50%, and 31.1% for the same age groups respectively. A chart displaying the historical birth rates in Eswatini by maternal age is provided below.

Annual births per 1,000 women ages

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Children 0-14 as share of population
	Eswatini	World
1960	46.9%	37.4%
1961	47.2%	37.5%
1962	47.4%	37.6%
1963	47.7%	37.8%
1964	47.8%	38%
1965	47.7%	38%
1966	47.7%	38%
1967	47.5%	38%
1968	47.3%	37.9%
1969	47.2%	37.8%
1970	47.2%	37.7%
1971	47.2%	37.6%
1972	47.3%	37.5%
1973	47.4%	37.3%
1974	47.5%	37.2%
1975	47.7%	37.1%
1976	47.9%	36.9%
1977	48.1%	36.7%
1978	48.3%	36.3%
1979	48.5%	35.9%
1980	48.7%	35.5%
1981	48.9%	35.2%
1982	49.2%	34.9%
1983	49.3%	34.6%
1984	49.4%	34.3%
1985	49.5%	34%
1986	49.4%	33.8%
1987	49.3%	33.6%
1988	48.7%	33.4%
1989	48.1%	33.2%
1990	47.6%	33%
1991	47.1%	32.9%
1992	46.6%	32.7%
1993	46.4%	32.5%
1994	47%	32.3%
1995	47.4%	32.1%
1996	46.9%	31.8%
1997	46.2%	31.5%
1998	45.3%	31.1%
1999	44.4%	30.8%
2000	43.6%	30.4%
2001	42.9%	30%
2002	42.3%	29.6%
2003	41.8%	29.2%
2004	41.4%	28.8%
2005	41.1%	28.5%
2006	40.8%	28.1%
2007	40.4%	27.9%
2008	39.9%	27.6%
2009	39.3%	27.5%
2010	38.8%	27.3%
2011	38.4%	27.1%
2012	38%	27%
2013	37.6%	26.9%
2014	37.2%	26.8%
2015	36.8%	26.6%
2016	36.4%	26.5%
2017	36%	26.4%
2018	35.6%	26.2%
2019	35.1%	26%
2020	34.7%	25.8%
2021	34.3%	25.6%
2022	34%	25.3%
2023	33.7%	25%
2024	33.4%	24.7%
2025	33%	24.4%
2026	32.6%	24.1%
2027	32.2%	23.8%
2028	31.8%	23.4%
2029	31.4%	23.1%
2030	31%	22.8%
2031	30.7%	22.6%
2032	30.3%	22.3%
2033	29.9%	22.1%
2034	29.5%	21.9%
2035	29.1%	21.7%
2036	28.7%	21.6%
2037	28.4%	21.5%
2038	28%	21.4%
2039	27.7%	21.3%
2040	27.4%	21.2%
2041	27.1%	21.1%
2042	26.8%	21%
2043	26.5%	21%
2044	26.2%	20.9%
2045	26%	20.8%
2046	25.7%	20.7%
2047	25.4%	20.7%
2048	25.1%	20.6%
2049	24.9%	20.5%
2050	24.6%	20.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in Eswatini was 46.9% in 1960, 46.4% in 1993, and 33.4% as of the latest data in 2025.

More about the demographics of Eswatini.

Natural population change by year

For the past 10 years, the natural population change in Eswatini, excluding migration, has been +1.63% annually. On average, 19,220 more people were born each year than died.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini
1960	9,947
1961	10,262
1962	10,601
1963	10,929
1964	11,266
1965	11,719
1966	12,282
1967	12,773
1968	13,449
1969	14,164
1970	14,873
1971	15,615
1972	16,353
1973	17,145
1974	17,971
1975	18,849
1976	19,734
1977	20,609
1978	21,466
1979	22,299
1980	23,153
1981	23,973
1982	24,742
1983	24,883
1984	26,149
1985	26,835
1986	27,096
1987	27,285
1988	27,396
1989	28,257
1990	28,349
1991	28,497
1992	28,446
1993	28,046
1994	26,703
1995	23,029
1996	21,858
1997	20,686
1998	19,762
1999	19,420
2000	18,830
2001	17,824
2002	16,924
2003	16,396
2004	15,979
2005	15,945
2006	16,133
2007	16,595
2008	17,275
2009	17,656
2010	17,652
2011	17,645
2012	18,308
2013	18,903
2014	19,107
2015	19,223
2016	19,233
2017	19,278
2018	19,392
2019	19,488
2020	18,899
2021	17,314
2022	20,125
2023	20,147

Maternal mortality chart

The maternal mortality rate in Eswatini was 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023 — a 0.12% chance of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination. This is a -67.3% decrease compared to the year 2000.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	World
1985	580	460
1986	548	438
1987	521	429
1988	494	414
1989	505	401
1990	520	391
1991	545	395
1992	580	395
1993	609	389
1994	645	382
1995	612	371
1996	604	366
1997	550	358
1998	475	360
1999	409	340
2000	361	328
2001	307	321
2002	331	311
2003	392	301
2004	451	291
2005	529	283
2006	511	276
2007	647	269
2008	766	264
2009	855	258
2010	752	253
2011	765	247
2012	613	239
2013	491	235
2014	369	231
2015	283	228
2016	213	220
2017	151	215
2018	133	211
2019	96	207
2020	102	211
2021	219	242
2022	112	203
2023	118	197

Under-five mortality rate chart

The under-5 mortality rate in Eswatini was 45 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2023 — a 4.5% chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five. This is down from 109.1 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	World
1960	20.7%	18.5%
1961	20.4%	18.1%
1962	20%	17.8%
1963	19.6%	17.5%
1964	19.2%	17.7%
1965	18.8%	17.5%
1966	18.3%	17.3%
1967	17.9%	17%
1968	17.4%	16.5%
1969	17%	15.5%
1970	16.5%	15.2%
1971	16%	15.1%
1972	15.4%	14.4%
1973	14.9%	14.1%
1974	14.3%	13.7%
1975	13.7%	13.4%
1976	13.2%	13%
1977	12.6%	12.5%
1978	12%	12.1%
1979	11.5%	11.7%
1980	10.9%	11.4%
1981	10.4%	11%
1982	9.89%	10.8%
1983	10.4%	10.6%
1984	8.85%	10.4%
1985	8.37%	10.1%
1986	7.93%	9.81%
1987	7.54%	9.47%
1988	7.2%	9.31%
1989	6.93%	9.02%
1990	6.75%	8.81%
1991	6.72%	8.66%
1992	6.85%	8.46%
1993	7.17%	8.19%
1994	7.62%	7.98%
1995	8.12%	7.76%
1996	8.71%	7.52%
1997	9.3%	7.28%
1998	9.87%	7.05%
1999	10.4%	6.76%
2000	10.9%	6.48%
2001	11.3%	6.21%
2002	11.4%	5.94%
2003	11.6%	5.65%
2004	11.6%	5.43%
2005	11.6%	5.16%
2006	10.5%	4.92%
2007	10%	4.7%
2008	9.82%	4.5%
2009	9.25%	4.31%
2010	8.18%	4.11%
2011	6.81%	3.97%
2012	6.38%	3.77%
2013	6.16%	3.61%
2014	6.17%	3.48%
2015	5.86%	3.35%
2016	5.53%	3.23%
2017	5.43%	3.11%
2018	5.1%	2.97%
2019	5.16%	2.86%
2020	4.98%	2.75%
2021	4.76%	2.66%
2022	4.62%	2.59%
2023	4.5%	2.49%